The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: low AR (0.29); squama with few setae; anal lobe reduced; inferior volsella has two sub–lobes; virga absent.

Adult male (n = 4). Total length 1.50–1.80, 1.63 mm. Wing length 0.81–0.97, 0.89 mm. Total length/wing length 1.83–1.86, 1.84. Wing length/length of profemur 2.26–2.43 (3).

Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs brown; thorax with yellow ground with brown postnotum and preepisternum.

Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 95–108, 105 μm. AR 0.28–0.33, 0.29. Temporal setae 8 (2), including 2 (2) inner verticals, 3–4 (3) outer verticals, and 2 (2) postorbitals. Clypeus with 6–10, 8 setae. Tentorium 86–96, 92 μm long, 14–19, 15 μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in μm): 19–24, 22; 26–29, 28; 55–62, 59; 84–91, 86; 98–120, 110. L: 5^th/3^rd 1.77–2.10, 1.86.

Wing (Figure 1). VR 1.25–1.29 (3). Anal lobe reduced. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 9–15, 13 setae; R₁ with 1–4, 2 setae; R₄₊₅ 9–11, 10 setae; M with 0–1, 1 seta. Squama with 1–2, 1 seta. Costal extension 70 μm long. Cu₁ slightly curved.

Thorax (Figure 2). Antepronotum with 3–6, 5 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 13–15, 13, acrostichals 3–7, 5, prealars 4–6, 5. Scutellum with 6–8, 7 setae.

Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 29 (3) μm long, spurs of mid tibia 22–24, 23 μm and 16–19, 18 μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 40–43, 42 μm long, a short spur 14–17, 16 μm long and comb composed of 10–12, 11 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 24–28, 26 μm, of mid tibia 20–26, 24 μm, of hind tibia 31–36, 33 μm. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs as in Table 1.

Hypopygium (Figures 3–7). Laterosternite IX with 4–6, 5 setae. Anal point (Figure 5) subtriangular with rounded apex, 24–26, 25 μm long, with 13–15, 14 strong setae. Phallapodeme 22–24, 24 μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 44–50, 48 μm long. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 110–122, 118 μm long. Inferior volsella (Figure 6) with two sub–lobes, the dorsal lobe with concave inner margin and 4–5, 5 marginal setae, the ventral lobe semi–rounded with 3–4, 3 marginal setae. Gonostylus (Figure 7) 60–67, 64 μm long, narrowed at base. Megaseta 9–10, 10 μm long. HR 1.82–1.92, 1.85. HV 2.43–2.48, 2.45.

Female, pupa and larva unknown.

Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.20200), China, Fujian, Quanzhou City, Dehua County, Daiyun Mountain, 25°40'N, 118°11'E, 13.ix.2002, Zheng Liu, sweep net. Paratypes: 3 ♂♂, as holotype.

The specific name is from Latin, binarius, meaning “of two”, referring to the inferior volsella has two sub–lobes.

The new species resembles Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) tusimoquereus Sasa & Suzuki (1999) in the structure of hypopygium, but can be separated from the latter on the following points: (1) Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) binarius sp. n. has small body size (1.63 mm) and low AR (0.29); (2) wing anal lobe reduced and squama with few setae; (3) inferior volsella with two sub–lobes; (4) virga absent.

The new species is collected in a subtropical mountain area in Fujian Province (Oriental China).

The male imago is separable from the other species of the genus Pseudorthocladius by having hairy wings, strong crista dorsalis and outer heel of the gonotylus.

China, Zhejiang: 1 ♂ (BDN No.K5B50), Taizhou City, Tiantai County, Huading Mountain, 29°15'45"N, 121°06'36"E, 13.iv.2011, Xiaolong Lin, sweep net.

Stur and Sæther (2004) erected a hairy–winged species Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) cristagus based on the specimen from Luxemburg. The species can be separated from close species Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) pilosipennis by having a gonostylus with a prominent crista dorsalis and an outer heel. The Chinese specimen mainly agrees with the original description of Stur and Sæther (2004). Some measured differences between the specimens from China and Luxemburg are shown in Table 2.

Zhejiang Province (Oriental China); Luxemburg.

AR 0.45–0.70; dorsocentrals 15–18; R with 9–13 setae, R₁ with 2–3 setae, R₄₊₅ with 0–14 setae; squama with 3–4 setae; virga present. Type I with low and extending crista dorsalis, type II with crista dorsalis absent, type III with round and protruding crista dorsalis.

China, Zhejiang: 3 ♂♂, Wenzhou City, Taishun County, 27°33'N, 119°39'E, 1.viii.2005, Xin Qi, light trap; Tianmu Mountain, 30°19'N, 119°26'E, 23.vi.1998, Bingchun Ji, sweep net. Fujian: 10 ♂♂, Wuyi City, Wuyi Mountain, 27°45'N, 118°03'E, 30.iv.1993, Xinhua Wang, sweep net. Guangdong: 5 ♂♂, Fengkai County, 23°24'N, 111°30'E, 20.iv.1988, Xinhua Wang, sweep net. Yunnan: 2 ♂♂, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Cang Mountain, Qingbi River, 25°36'N, 100°15'E, 23.v.1996, Yuzhou Du, light trap. Hunan: 2 ♂♂, Zhuzhou City, Yanling County, 26°27'N, 113°42'E, 16.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net.

The Chinese specimens agree with the description of Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus type II and type III. According to Sæther and Sublette (1983), type II without crista dorsalis, while type III with rounded and protruding crista dorsalis.

The species is widely distributed in Holarctic region.

The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: cylindrical anal point; well–developed triangular inferior volsella; low AR (0.66) and high VR (1.37).

Adult male (n = 6). Total length 1.68–1.97, 1.87 mm. Wing length 1.04–1.19, 1.15 mm. Total length/wing length 1.53–1.75, 1.63. Wing length/length of profemur 2.64–2.88, 2.71.

Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs light brown; thorax with light brown ground with brownish black postnotum and preepisternum.

Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 235–264, 254 μm. AR 0.65–0.67, 0.66. Temporal setae 8–10, 9, including 3–6, 4 inner verticals, 4–5, 5 outer verticals, and 0–2, 1 postorbital. Clypeus with 8–11, 10 setae. Tentorium 96–113, 103 μm long, 18–21, 19 μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in μm): 22–26, 24; 24–28, 26; 60–72, 65; 84–91, 86; 113–137, 130. L: 5^th/3^rd 1.87–2.28, 2.00.

Wing (Figure 8). VR 1.33–1.43, 1.37. Anal lobe obtuse. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 5–13, 9 setae; R₁ with 1–4, 2 setae; other veins bare. Squama with 1–3, 2 setae. Costal extension 80–84, 81 μm long. Cu₁ slightly curved.

Thorax (Figure 9). Antepronotum with 4–6, 5 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 9–13, 11, acrostichals 3–7, 5, prealars 3–5, 4. Scutellum with 4–5, 5 setae.

Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 29–41, 34 μm long, spurs of mid tibia 19–29, 22 μm and 19 μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 36–41, 38 μm long, a short spur 24–31, 27 μm long and comb composed of 10–12, 11 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 34–46, 37 μm, of mid tibia 29–31, 30 μm, of hind tibia 31–36, 33 μm. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs as in Table 3.

Hypopygium (Figures 10–13). Laterosternite IX with 4–6, 5 setae. Anal point (Figure 12) cylindrical and 45–49, 48 μm long and with 10–13, 11 stout setae, 23–28, 25 μm long. Phallapodeme 31–36, 34 μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 65–67, 66 μm long and convex in the middle. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 117–137, 123 μm long, with 7 setae along inner margin. Inferior volsella (Figure 12) developed and triangular with 3–4, 3 strong marginal setae. Gonostylus (Figure 13) 65–72, 67 μm long, narrowed at base and distal end, widen in the middle. Megaseta 8–10, 9 μm long. HR 1.83–1.90, 1.85. HV 2.74–3.14, 2.78.

Female, pupa and larva unknown.

Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.26348), China: Hunan Province, Chenzhou City, Yizhang County, Mang Mountain, 25°24'N, 113°18'E, 22.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, light trap. Paratypes (5 ♂♂): 4 ♂♂, as holotype; 1 ♂, Hainan Province, Changjiang County, Bawang Mountain, 19°15'36"N, 109°03'18"E, 10.v.1988, Xinhua Wang, sweep net.

The specific name is from Latin, cylindratus, meaning “in the form of a cylinder”, referring to the cylindrical anal point, which is unique in the genus.

The new species resembles Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) amplicaudus Sæther & Sublette, 1983 in the structure of hypopygium, but the new species can be separated from latter on the basis of main characters in Table 4.

The new species is known from Hunan, Hainan Province in Oriental China.

The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: anal point rounded and reaching beyond the caudal margin of Tergite IX; inferior volsella finger–shaped; squama bare; anal lobe reduced.

Adult male (n = 1). Total length 2.43 mm. Wing length 1.55 mm. Total length/wing length 1.57. Wing length/length of profemur 2.54.

Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs brown; thorax with yellow ground with brown postnotum and preepisternum.

Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 300 μm. AR 0.74. Temporal setae 7, including 4 inner verticals, 3 outer verticals. Clypeus with 2 setae. Tentorium 110 μm long, 24 μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in μm): 29, 31, 60, 108, –.

Wing (Figure 14). Anal lobe reduced. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 7 setae; R₁ with 1 seta; other veins bare. Squama bare. Costa extention 41 μm long. Cu₁ slightly curved.

Thorax (Figure 15). Antepronotum with 5 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 7, acrostichals 2, prealars 5. Scutellum with 9 setae.

Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 50 μm long, spurs of mid tibia both 29 μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 60 μm long, a short spur 29 μm long and comb composed of 12 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 43 μm, of mid tibia 36 μm, of hind tibia 45 μm. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs as in Table 5.

Hypopygium (Figures 16–18). Laterosternite IX with 3 setae. Anal point (Figure 18) rounded and reaching beyond caudal margin of Tergite IX, maximum width 22 μm, with 10 long marginal setae. Phallapodeme 48 μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 50 μm long with small oral projection. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 178 μm long with 6 strong setae along inner margin. Inferior volsella (Figure 18) finger–shaped, parallel–sided and rounded in the apex, bearing some weak setae along the margin and covered by microtrichia. Gonostylus 84 μm long, narrow at base, widen to the distal, with 3–4 setae along inner margin. Crista dorsalis visible, relatively low. Megaseta 10 μm long. HR 2.11. HV 2.89.

Female, pupa and larva unknown.

Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.05327), China: Fujian Province, Wuyi City, Wuyi Mountain, 27°45'N, 118°03'E, 26.iv.1993, Xinhua Wang, sweep net.

The specific name is from Latin, digitus, meaning “finger”, referring to the finger–shaped inferior volsella.

Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) digitus sp. n. is close to Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) yakuxeyeus (Sasa & Suzuki, 2000) in the antenna ratio (0.71–0.74) and finger–liked inferior volsella. But it can be separated from the latter by having rounded anal point reaching beyond the caudal margin of tergite IX, reduced wing anal lobe and bare squama.

The new species is known from Fujian Province in Oriental China.

AR 0.25–0.96; wing anal lobe near rectangular; tergite IX without anal point, just with a strongly chitinized broad and rounded ridge, bearing 13 strong setae; inferior volsella low and round, posterior corner.

China, Sichuan: 1 ♂, Baoxing County, 30°24'N, 102°54'E, 19.vi.1996, Ruilei Zhang, light trap. Shaanxi: 1 ♂, Liuba County, 33°39'N, 106°57'E, 1.viii.1994, Bingchun Ji, light trap. Fujian: 2 ♂♂ Wuyi City, Wuyi Mountain, 27°45'N, 118°03'E, 26.iv.1993, Xinhua Wang, light trap. Yunnan: 11 ♂♂, Lijiang City, Lijiang County, Shigu town, Chongjiang river, 26°51'N, 100°14'E, 25.v.1996, Xinhua Wang, light trap; 6 ♂♂, Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Tiger Leaping Gorge, 27°11'24"N, 100°07'12"E, 26.v.1996, Xinhua Wang, light trap. Guangdong: 1 ♂, Fengkai County, 23°24'N, 111°30'E, 20.iv.1988, Xinhua Wang, sweep net.

Sasa (1996) described this species based on the material from Japan, and put it in the genus Eukiefferiella. Sæther, Ashe and Murray (2000) transferred this species to the genus ? Psectrocladius. Yamamoto (2004) transferred it into the genus Pseudorthocladius. The Chinese specimens agree with the original description of Sasa (1996) with exception of Chinese specimens have lower AR (0.25–0.86).

Shaanxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan Province (Oriental China); Japan.

AR 1.04–1.18; R₄₊₅ with 0–8 setae, squama with 6–15 setae; virga consisting of 2 broad lateral spines and 4 partially fused median spines, about 0.5×as long as gonostylus; gonostylus well–developed with rounded inferior volsella.

China, Zhejiang: 1 ♂, Taizhou City, Tiantai County, Baxian Lake, 29°09'N, 120°57'E, 13.iv.2011, Xiaolong Lin, sweep net.

The Chinese specimen mainly agrees with the original description by Sæther and Sublette (1983). Some measured differences between the Chinese specimen and the specimen described by Sæther and Sublette (1983) are shown in Table 6.

Zhejiang Province (Oriental China); Europe (Norway; Great Britain; Ireland; France and Netherlands, and North America (U.S.A. and Canada).

AR 0.78–0.97; virga consisting of tight cluster of about 10 spines and 2 broader lateral blades; inferior volsella with concave inner margin and 1 anterior and 1posterior corner; gonostylus with basal inner lobe, a sharp bend distad of the middle, and a narrow apical posterior.

China, Sichuan: 1 ♂, Kangding County, 29°54'N, 102°06'E, 8.vi.1996, Xinhua Wang, light trap.

Sæther and Sublette (1983) described Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) morsei based on the material from U.S.A. Its gonostylus has a basal inner lobe, sharply bend distad of the middle and narrow in apical posterior, which is unique among Pseudorthocladius. The Chinese specimen agrees with the description except some minor differences shown in Table 7.

Sichuan Province (Oriental China); U.S.A.; Canada.

The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: anal point round baring 9 long and strong setae; inferior volsella oval with round margin and bearing 8 long and stout marginal setae; high AR(1.40).

Adult male (n = 5). Total length 2.90–3.20, 2.98 mm. Wing length 1.43–1.55, 1.47 mm. Total length/wing length 1.88–2.08, 2.00. Wing length/length of profemur 2.26–2.41, 2.35.

Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs brown; thorax with yellow ground with brown preepisternum and brownish black postnotum.

Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 410–460, 440 μm. AR 1.31–1.55, 1.40. Temporal setae 8–11, 10, including 3–7, 4 inner verticals, 5–6, 5 outer verticals, and 0–1, 1 postorbital. Clypeus with 8–12, 10 setae. Tentorium 120–132, 126 μm long, 31–33, 32 μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in μm): 31–36, 32; 43–45, 44; 105–108, 107; 155–158, 156; 201–207, 204. L: 5^th/3^rd 1.81–1.96, 1.91.

Wing (Figure 19). VR 1.19–1.26, 1.21. Anal lobe well–developed. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 10–12, 10 setae; R₁ with 3–4, 3 setae; other veins bare. Squama 14–18, 16 setae. Costa extension 36–50, 46 μm long. Cu₁ slightly curved.

Thorax (Figure 20). Antepronotum with 5–8, 6 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 20–25, 22, acrostichals 8–12, 10, prealars 7–8, 8. Scutellum with 12–17, 15 setae.

Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 45–48, 46 μm long, spurs of mid tibia both 19–24, 22 μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 48–52, 50 μm long, a short spur 17–24, 22 μm long and comb composed of 12–14, 13 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 38–43, 41 μm, of mid tibia 31–40, 36 μm, of hind tibia 43–48, 45 μm. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs as in Table 8.

Hypopygium (Figures 21–23). Laterosternite IX with 6–7, 6 setae. Tergite IX with round anal point, bearing 9–10, 9 long and strong setae. Phallapodeme 36–40, 38 μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 72–84, 81 μm long. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 153–168, 162 μm long with oval inferior volsella (Figure 23) with rounded margin and bearing 8 long, stout marginal setae. Gonostylus 89–96, 98 μm long, with small crista dorsalis. Megaseta 5–7, 6 μm long. HR 1.70–1.89, 1.75. HV 3.18–3.23, 3.22.

Female, pupa and larva unknown.

Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.26746), China: Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou City, Taishun County, 27°33'N, 119°39'E, 1.viii.2005, Bingchun Ji, light trap. Paratypes (4 ♂♂): 3 ♂♂, Zhejiang Province, Tianmu Mountain, 30°19'N, 119°26'E, 8.ix.1998, Xinhua Wang, light trap; 1 ♂, Zhejiang Province, Lishui City, Qingyuan county, 27°39'N, 119°09'E, 13.vii.1994, Hong Wu, sweep net.

The specific name is from Latin, ovatus, meaning egg–shaped, referring to the oval inferior volsella.

The new species is close to Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) matusecundus Sasa & Kawai, 1987 in the structure of hypopygium, but can be separated from the latter on the basis of characters in Table 9.

The new species is known from Zhejiang Province in Oriental China.

The male imago can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by the following combination of characters: with few setae on squama, R₄₊₅ and acrostichals; gonostylus expanded at the apex; anal point triangular baring about 7 stout setae; inferior volsella inserted along the gonocoxite, parallel–sided.

Adult male (n = 3). Total length 1.49–1.60 mm. Wing length 0.77–0.92 mm. Total length/wing length 1.74–1.75. Wing length/length of profemur 2.56–2.58.

Coloration. Head, abdomen, legs light brown; thorax with light brown ground with brownish black postnotum and preepisternum.

Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere length 115–153 μm, conspicuous swollen apically and with strong sensory setae. AR 0.26–0.48. Temporal setae 5–9, including 2–4 inner verticals, 3–5 outer verticals. Clypeus with 7–10 setae. Tentorium 72–84 μm long, 14–19 μm wide. Palpomere lengths (in μm): 22–24; 24–26; 48–55; 60–65; 91–96. L: 5^th/3^rd 1.62–1.65.

Wing (Figure 24). VR 1.15–1.27. Anal lobe obtuse. Brachiolum with 1 seta; R with 4 setae; R₄₊₅ with 0–1 seta; other veins bare. Squama with 0–1 seta. Costa extension 60 μm long. Cu₁ slightly curved.

Thorax (Figure 25). Antepronotum with 4–6 lateral setae, dorsocentrals 6–9, acrostichals 0–1, prealars 4–6. Scutellum with 6–7 setae.

Legs. Pulvilli present. Spur of fore tibia 29–34 μm long, spurs of mid tibia both 17–19 μm long; hind tibia with a long spur 31–33 μm long, a short spur 19–24 μm long and comb composed of 10–12, 11 spines. Width at apex of fore tibia 21–26 μm, of mid tibia 21–24 μm, of hind tibia 24–29 μm. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs as in Table 10.

Hypopygium (Figures 26–30). Laterosternite IX with 3–4 setae. Anal point (Figure 28) subtriangular with round apex, 9–10 μm long and 24–26 μm wide, with 4–5 lateral setae and 2–5 long setae around the base. Phallapodeme 22–24 μm long. Transverse sternapodeme 43–48 μm long. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 77–89 μm long with reduced parallel–sided inferior volsella (Figure 29). Gonostylus (Figure 30) 43–50 μm long, expanded at the apex, crista dorsalis reduced. Megaseta 5 μm long. HR 1.60–1.83. HV 2.90–3.25.

Female, pupa and larva unknown.

Holotype: ♂ (BDN No.25207), China, Hunan, Hengyang County, Heng Mountain, 27°15'N, 112°51'E, 19.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net. Paratypes: 2 ♂♂, Hunan, Dong’an Couny, Shunhuang Mountai, 26°24'N, 111°18'E, 26.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net.

The specific name is from Latin, paucus, meaning “few”, referring to the new species has few setae on squama, R₄₊₅ and acrostichals.

The new species resembles Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) oyabecrassus Sasa, Kawai & Ueno, 1988 in the low AR (0.43, 0.50), gonostylus strongly expanded at about distal, but can be separated from Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) oyabecrassus on the basis of characters in table 11.

The new species is known from Hunan Province in Oriental China.

AR 0.63–0.95; R with 3–13 setae, R₁ with 0–6 setae, R₄₊₅ with 0–13 setae; squama with 4–6 setae; inferior volsella trianguler at middle; virga consisting of very weak field of about 20 minute spinules; crista dorsalis low, HR 1.68–1.91, HV 2.53.

China: Hunan Province: 1 ♂, Chenzhou City, Yizhang County, Mang Mountain, 25°24'N, 113°18'E, 22.vii.2004, Chuncai Yan, sweep net.

Sæther and Sublette (1983) described the male imago, pupa and larva from the U.S.A. The Chinese specimens mainly agree with the adult description of Sæther and Sublette (1983). According to Sæther and Sublette (1983), there are not significant differences between Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus and Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus in the male hypopygium, but as we can see in the figures of Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus, the gonostylus is expanded at about distal while Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) curtistylus is narrowed; the inferior volsella is triangler at middle part. The Chinese specimens agree with Pseudorthocladius (Pseudorthocladius) uniserratus more.

Oriental China (Hunan Province); U.S.A.; Canada.

Inferior volsella hook-liked, bended posteriad; gonostylus broadest at base and densely covered with microtrichia; virga with 5–8 stronger spines and 0–20 finer spinules; AR 0.8–1.1; dorsocentrals 10–16; R with 1–3 setae, exceptionally with 12 setae.

China, Guizhou: 8 ♂♂, Fanjing Mountain, 27°54'54"N, 108°41'42"E, 28.v.–3.vi.2002, Bingchun Ji, sweep net.

The Chinese specimens mainly agree with the description by Sæther and Sublette (1983). According to Cranston and Oliver (1988), Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) comans is a synonym of Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi. Based on the specimens from Canada the shape of the gonostylus is highly dependent on orientation and the spines might be correlated with size, so Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) comans and Pseudorthocladius (Lordella) wingoi should be the same species. The minor differences between Chinese specimens and North America specimens are as follows: (1) The anal point is a little shorter (12–17 μm); (2) with small AR (0.75–0.86); (3) dorsocentrals 7–8.

Oriental China (Guizhou Province); U.S.A.; Canada.