Research Article |
Corresponding author: Yongqin Fang ( fangyongqinfyq@126.com ) Corresponding author: Jichun Xing ( xingjichun@126.com ) Academic editor: Mick Webb
© 2019 Yongqin Fang, Jichun Xing.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Fang Y, Xing J (2019) Description of a new leafhopper species of the genus Longicornus (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from China, with a revised key to species. ZooKeys 888: 67-73. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.888.34799
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A new leafhopper species Longicornus brevispinus sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. A key to distinguish all species of this genus is given, and a map showing the geographic distribution of all species is also provided. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
distribution, Homoptera, leafhopper, morphology, taxonomy
During a study of the Chinese Deltocephalinae, we discovered another new species L. brevispinus sp. nov. from Yunan Province, China, which is described here. A key is also given to separate all five species of the genus. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
Male specimens were used for the description and illustration. External morphology was observed under a stereoscopic microscope and characters were measured with an ocular micrometer. Color photographs were taken and stacked using a Nikon SMZ25 microscope. The genital segments of the specimens examined were macerated in 10% NaOH washed in distilled water and stored in glycerol. Male genital structures were drawn from preparations in glycerin jelly using a Leica MZ 12.5 stereomicroscope. Illustrations were scanned with a Canon CanoScan LiDE 200 and imported into Adobe Photoshop CS8 for labeling and plate composition.
Terminology of morphological and genital characters mainly follows
Longicornus
Li & Song, 2008: 27;
Longicornus flavipuncatus Li & Song, 2008.
For the relationship and diagnosis of Longicornus see
China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan).
L. biprocessus Fang & Xing, 2018: 440, figs 10–12; 34–40. China (Sichuan).
L. brevispinus sp. nov., Figs
L. flavipuncatus Li & Song, 2008: 28, figs 1–8. China (Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan).
L. yunnanensis Xing & Li, 2011: 112, figs 5–102: 1–8 (in
L. furcatus Fang & Xing, 2018: 439, figs 7–9; 27–33. China (Sichuan).
L. longus Xing & Li, 2011: 112, figs 5–101: 1–7. China (Yunnan).
1 | Aedeagal shaft with a pair of processes arising apically (Figs |
2 |
– | Aedeagal shaft with pair of processes arising basally ( |
4 |
2 | Aedeagal shaft processes longer than shaft ( |
L. flavipuncatus |
– | Aedeagal shaft processes shorter than shaft (Figs |
3 |
3 | Aedeagus long, and its apical processes approximately ¾ as long as shaft ( |
L. longus |
– | Aedeagus short and stout, and its apical processes shorter than half length of aedeagal shaft (Figs |
L. brevispinus sp. nov. |
4 | Aedeagal shaft with pair of furcate processes arising from ventral margin near base ( |
L. furcatus |
– | Aedeagal shaft with two pairs of processes medially on dorsal margin ( |
L. biprocessus |
Body robust, yellowish brown (Figs
Head including eyes slightly narrower than pronotum. Vertex with fore margin produced roundly, median length distinctly shorter than width between eyes. Ocelli located on anterior margin of vertex. Frontoclypeus distinctly longer than wide, anteclypeus expanded apically. Antennae arising near lower corner of eye. Pronotum with anterior margin roundly produced and posterior margin concave, longer than vertex. Mesonotum triangular, slightly shorter than pronotum, with transverse suture depressed. Forewing with four apical and three subapical cells, about 3 times as long as wide, appendix wide. Hind wing with three apical cells and two anteapical cells. Fore femur row IC with a row of short setae, row AM with 1 stout seta, 2 dorsoapical setae, and row AV with several short setae in basal half. Fore tibia with 4 macrosetae in row AD and numerous macrosetae decreasing in length toward the base in row AV. Hind femur broadened distally and slightly bowed, apical setal formula 2 + 2 + 1. Hind tibia flattened and nearly straight, row PD with 12 macrosetae decreasing in length toward the base; row AD with 10 long stout setae and 1–4 shorter stout setae between each long seta; metabasitarsomere with 4 platellae and 2 setae on apical transverse row.
Male genitalia
: Pygofer longer than broad in lateral view, with many long macrosetae in posterior half (Fig.
Length (including tegmen): ♂, 5.6 mm.
Holotype ♂, China: Yunnan Prov., Pingbian country, Daweishan, 22 May 2015, coll. Jiajia Wang (GUGC).
China (Yunnan).
The new species can be distinguished by the very short and stout aedeagus with a pair of short and robust apical processes with a truncate apex.
The species name is derived from the Latin word “brevis” and “spinus”, referring to the short apical processes of the aedeagal shaft.
Species of Longicornus are all very similar in coloration and difficult to distinguish externally, but the structure of aedeagus are markedly different. This genus now includes five species which can be divided into two types based on the structure of aedeagus: 1) aedeagus with one pair of apical processes (L. brevispinus sp. nov., L. flavipuncatus and L. longus); 2) aedeagus with paired basal processes (L. furcatus and L. biprocessus). Longicornus furcatus has one pair of furcate aedeagal processes arising from the ventral margin near the base and L. biprocessus has two pairs of aedeagal processes medially on the dorsal margin of the shaft.
All species of Longicornus are distributed in southwest China (Oriental Region) and the species without apical processes of the aedeagus are distributed in the north of the region (Fig.
We thank Mick Webb (The Natural History Museum, London, U.K.) and Prof. C. A. Viraktamath (Department of Entomology University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, India) for reading the manuscript and making some suggestions. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31660624, 31301909), the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province (Qian Ke He Platform Talent [2017]5788), Talent Fund Program of Guizhou University ([2014]15) and the Program of Science and Technology Innovation Talents Team, Guizhou Province (No. 20144001).