Citation: Haszprunar G (2014) A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Valvatidae (Gastropoda, Ectobranchia). ZooKeys 377: 1–172. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.377.6032
A compilation of all supra- and (infra-) specific taxa of extant and fossil Valvatidae, a group of freshwater operculate snails, is provided, including taxa initially described in this family and subsequently classified in other families, as well as names containing errors or misspellings. The extensive reference list is directly linked to the available electronic source (digital view or pdf-download) of the respective papers.
Gastropoda, Valvatidae, freshwater snails, taxonomy, www-references
[“In the following catalog I have tried to collect all names of the fossil and extant species, which are known to me in the old genus Paludina of Lamarck, or have been described after its splitting into the various genera until most recent times in the literature...... That I will give rise to certain dead synonyms will probably not be criticized, since such names are like ghost-lights migrating without rest in the collections. The work itself ...... also sheds light on the considerable gaps, which still exist due to the uncertain and unknown species”].
This citation, which is nearly 150 years old, is equally applicable to another group of freshwater operculate gastropods, the Valvatidae or valve snails. The main goal of current catalogue is to summarize all the available information on all supra- and (infra-) specific taxa of extant and fossil Valvatidae in order to facilitate future taxonomic research. This is the first such compilation for the Valvatidae since the list of
Until recently nearly all supraspecific taxa of Valvatidae were described based on shell characters alone. However, shells of certain taxa (e.g. the wide-spread Valvata piscinalis) are highly variable due to ecomorphism or ontogenetic change (e.g. Baker 1928;
Recent molecular data cast strong doubts that any of these higher-level names (at least concerning extant taxa) represent a monophyletic clade. The only notable exception may be Borysthenia Lindholm, 1914, which is characterized not only by shell characters, but also by very slender (vs. broad) marginal radular teeth, which is probably an apomorphic character among the Valvatidae. On the other hand, anatomical characters of Borysthenia naticina are very similar to those of other valvatids (
I also list here supraspecific “names” based on various types of error in order to correct the various internet listings.
BORYSTHENIINAE Starobogatov, 1983 (in
Original source:
Original classification: Subfamily of Valvatidae.
Type genus: Borysthenia Lindholm, 1914.
ECTOBRANCHIA Fischer, 1884
Original source:
Remarks: Ectobranchia currently corresponds to superfamily VALVATOIDEA Gray, 1840 (first used as superfamily name by
+ PROVALVATIDAE Bandel, 1991
Original source:
Original classification: Family of Valvatoidea.
Type genus (monotypy): + Provalvata Bandel, 1991.
Remarks: Provalvatidae was erected for Jurassic ectobranchs with a hyperstrophic protoconch and living in brackish water. The latter habitat is considered transitional between marine forerunners and the modern freshwater valvatids. However, many Jurassic valvatids were described from purely freshwater habitats, thus Provalvata cannot be an ancestor of them.
VALVATIDAE Gray, 1840
Original source:
Remarks: According to
+ Aegaea Oppenheim, 1891 (non
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Valvata (Aegaea) vivipariformis Oppenheim, 1891 by monotypy.
Remarks: (1) Note page 462, footnote: “Nachträglich sehe ich, dass Valvata (Cincinna) sorensis Dybowski aus dem Baikalsee sich durch ihre Verzierungen mit Längsrippen der fossilen Form einigermaßen nähert [Afterwards I see that Valvata (Cincinna) sorensis Dybowski from the Lake Baikal is to some extent close to this fossil form by its decorations with longitudinal ribs]“
(2) Considered to be preoccupied by Aegea Rambur, 1866 (ed. 2, fasc. 2, pl. 19; Lepidoptera: Geometridae), therefore replaced by Aegionia Cossmann, 1921. However, the Code (ICZN Art. 56.2) now accepts one–letter differences for genus–group names.
+ Aegionia Cossmann, 1921
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Valvata (Aegaea) vivipariformis Oppenheim, 1891 by original designation.
Remarks: Aegionia Cossmann, 1921 was expressly established as a new replacement name for Aegaea Oppenheim, 1891 in the belief that Aegea Rambur, 1866 (Lepidoptera) would be a senior homonym (which is not the case, however, see for Aegaea Oppenheim, 1891).
Alienella Starobogatov & Zatravkin, 1985
Original source:
Original classification: Sectio (“sect.n.”) of subgenus Sibirovalvata in genus Cincinna.
Type species: Valvata aliena Westerlund, 1877 by original designation.
+ Amplovalvata Yen, 1952
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Amplovalvata cyclostoma Yen, 1952 by original designation.
Andrusovia Brusina, 1902 (in
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae (still listed there e.g. in ION).
Type species: Andrusovia dybowskii Brusina, 1902 (in
Remarks:
“Andrussovi” mentioned in
Misspelling of Andrusovia Brusina in Westerlund, 1902, not Andrussovia Derjavin, 1927 (Crustacea: Amphipoda).
+ Aphanotylus Brusina, 1894
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Aphanotylus cossmanni Brusina, 1894 by original designation.
Remarks: Replacement name for Pachystoma Sandberger, 1875 (see there), which was preoccupied by Pachystoma Guilding, 1828 [Ampullariidae]. However,
+ Ariomphalus Bandel & Riedel, 1994
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Pachystoma varicatum Tausch, 1886 by original designation.
Atropidina Lindholm, 1906
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata Müller, 1773.
Type species: “Valvata pulchella Stud.” by original designation.
Remarks:
Biwakovalvata Starobogatov, 1983 (in
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Megalovalvata Lindholm, 1906.
Type species: Valvata (Cincinna) biwaensis Preston, 1916 by original designation.
Borysthenia Lindholm, 1914
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Valvata jelskii Crosse, 1863 by original designation by
Remarks: Replacement name for preoccupied Jelskia Bourguignat, 1877, non Taczanowski, 1871: 128 (Arachnida: Araneae). This is the only genus characterized by current taxonomists also by radular characters (slender marginals), whereas the usually stated ovovivipary is at least doubtful (
“Cicinna“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Cincinna.
“Cinciana” mentioned in
Misspelling of Cincinna.
“Cincinna” mentioned in
Original source: Hübner 1810: 56 (Zwei Briefe, I), fide
Type species: Nerita piscinalis Müller, 1774 [according to
Remarks: This name is usually attributed to Hübner (1810). However,
Cincinna Mörch, 1864
Original source:
Original classification: subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: not specified. Mörch included Valvata piscinalis Müller, 1774, Valvata Pusilla (Müller, 1774) and Valvata antiqua (Morris, 1843).
Remarks: As outlined above Cincinna attributed to Hübner (1810) or
“Cincinnaa”, “Cincuma” in
Misspelling of Cincinna.
“Concinna Hubn.” mentioned in
“Concinna Hübner, 1810“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Cincinna in both cases.
Costovalvata Poliński, 1929
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Valvata (Costovalvata) hirsutecostata Poliński, 1929 by original designation.
Cristatiana Servain, 1888
Original source:
Type species: Valvata planorbulina Paladilhe, 1867 by monotypy.
Remarks:
+ Fascivalvata Pan, 1982
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Euomphalidae.
Type species: Fascivalvata minuta Pan, 1982 by original designation.
Remarks: Although the name suggests valvatid affinities, this genus belongs to the Euomphalidae and has never be classified among the Valvatidae.
Globuliana Paladilhe, 1866
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Valvata moquiniana Dupuy, 1851 by subsequent designation under ICZN Art. 70.3 by
Gyrorbis Fitzinger, 1833 (non Gyrorbis Moquin-Tandon, 1856: 423).
Original source:
Type species: Valvata cristata Müller, 1774 by subsequent designation by
Remarks: (1) Neither a diagnosis of the genusname nor a type species were provided by
(2) Valvata spirorbis Draparnaud, 1809 is often regarded as junior synonym of Valvata cristata Müller, 1774, but has been considered as separate species by recent Russian authors, e.g.
(3) According to
+ Heterovalvata Munier-Chalmas, 1879
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Heterovalvata disjuncta Dollfus, 1877 by monotypy (Heterovalvata delessei Munier-Chalmas, 1879 was originally included as a second species, but this was a nomen nudum).
+ Jekeliusiana Gozhik, 2002
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: + Valvata (Jekeliusiana) oecsensis halavatsi Gozhik, 2002 by original designation.
Jelskia Bourguignat, 1877
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Valvata jelskii Crosse, 1863 by original designation.
Remarks: Not valid, because preoccupied by Jelskia Taczanowski, 1871: 97 resp. 128 (Chelicerata: Araneae), replaced by Borysthenia Lindholm, 1914.
Liratina Lindholm, 1906: 190
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata Müller, 1773.
Type species: Valvata baicalensis Gerstfeld, 1859 by original designation.
+ Loriolina Huckriede, 1967
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Valvata loryana Loriol, 1865 by monotypy.
Lyogyrus Gill, 1863
Original Source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Valvata pupoidea Gould, 1841 by original designation.
Remarks: According to
“Magovalvata“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Megalovalvata Lindholm, 1906.
Megalovalvata Lindholm, 1906
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata Müller, 1773.
Type species: Valvata grubei Dybowski, 1875 by original designation.
+ Mesovalvata Wei, 1984 (in
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: + Valvata (Mesovalvata) karameilica Wei, 1984 by original designation.
+ Michaudia Locard, 1883 (non
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Valvata falsani Locard, 1883 by monotypy (see there).
Microcincinna Starobogatov, 1983
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Valvata geyeri Menzel, 1904 by original designation.
+ Microcyclas Raspail, 1909
Original source:
Type species: Microcyclas lamellosus Raspail, 1909 by original designation.
Remarks:
Minutiana Fagot, 1892
Original source:
Type species: Valvata turgidula Bourguignat, 1889 by monotypy.
Remarks:
Ochridotropidina / Ohridotropidina (nomen nudum)
Original source:
Remarks: As outlined by
+ Oncostoma Brusina, 1894 (not
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Valvata marginata Michaud, 1855 by monotypy by
Remarks: Replacement name for preoccupied Pachystoma Sandberger, 1875. Likewise invalid, because a junior objective synonyme of Stiphrostoma Oppenheim, 1892 and Oncostoma Sclater, 1862.
+ Pachystoma Sandberger, 1875
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Valvata marginata Michaud, 1855 by monotypy.
Remarks: Pachystoma Sandberger, 1875 is preoccupied by Pachystoma Guilding, 1828 [Ampullariidae].
Pamirocincinna Sitnikova & Starobogatov, 1983 (in
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Cincinna.
Type species: Valvata pamirensis Starobogatov, 1972 by original designation.
Piscinaliana Paladilhe, 1866 (non
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Nerita piscinalis Müller, 1774 by original designation.
Remarks: An objective junior synonym of Cincinna with the same type species.
Planella Schlüter, 1838
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Valvata cristata Müller, 1774 by monotypy.
Remarks: An objective junior synonym of Valvata with the same type species (ICZN Art. 61.3.3).
Planorbiana Paladilhe, 1866
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Valvata cristata Müller, 1774 by original designation.
Remarks: An objective junior synonym of Valvata with the same type species (ICZN Art. 61.3.3).
Planorbitina De Betta, 1870
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: not clearly designated. De Betta's (1870) paper contained Valvata cristata (with synonym Valvata planorbis) and Valvata spirorbis.
Remarks: An objective junior synonym of Valvata with the same type species (ICZN Art. 61.3.3).
Pleurovalvata Haas, 1939
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Valvata sincera Say, 1824 by original designation.
+ Polytropis Sandberger, 1875 (non Koninck, 1881: 107)
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: + Valvata balatonica Rolle, 1861 by subsequent designation by
“Protovalvata” mentioned in Pană, 2000
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species not explicitly designated: “Genotype: LPB IIIg no.; Pl. V, figs 26–27“. This term is listed as the holotype of Protovalvata naticiformis n.sp. described at page 89 in the same paper as first species after the genus diagnosis.
Remarks: A specimen cannot serve as type of a genus–group name, only a nominal species can (ICZN Art. 61.1.2, 67.1.). Accordingly, the genus name is not available.
+ Provalvata Bandel, 1991
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Provalvatidae.
Type species: + Valvata helicoides Loriol & Jaccard, 1865 by original designation.
Pseudomegalovalvata Kozhov, 1936
Original source:
Original classification: Sectio (“sect.n.”) of subgenus Megalovalvata.
Type species: Valvata (Megalovalvata) bathybia W. Dybowski, 1886 by monotypy.
Remarks: Although introduced with an infra–subgeneric rank, the name is available at subgeneric rank (ICZN Art 10.4;
“Pseudovalvata“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Pseudomegalovalvata at the description of Valvata (Pseudovalvata) profundicola Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975. The name has never been diagnosed.
Sibirovalvata Starobogatov & Streletzkaja, 1967
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Cincinna
Type species: Valvata confusa Westerlund, 1897 by original designation.
+ Sinorificium Guo, 1982 (in Guo,
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: Sinorificium yumenensis Guo, 1982 by original designation.
Remarks: According to
+ Stiphrostoma Oppenheim, 1892
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae.
Type species: + Valvata marginata Michaud, 1855 by monotypy by
Remarks: Expressly established as a new replacement name for Pachystoma Sandberger, 1875, by Oppenheim treated as a junior homonym of Pachytoma Swainson, 1840 (Helicinidae), the latter was incorrectly spelled Pachystoma by
Tropidina Adams & Adams, 1854 (non Mörch, 1864)
(often cited as Tropidina H. & A. Adams, 1854)
(not Tropidina Martins, 1968 (p. 331), a subtribe of cerambycid Coleoptera).
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Cyclostoma tricarinata Say, 1817 by subsequent designation by
Remarks: Tropidina in
+ Turrivalvata Papp, 1953
Original source:
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata
Type species: + Valvata politioanei Jekelius, 1944 by original designation.
Remarks: Not listed in Nomenclator Zoologicus (
Valvata Müller, 1773
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae
Type species: Valvata cristata Müller, 1774 by subsequent monotypy by
Remarks: Placed on the Official List by Opinion 335, 1955, Opinions and Declarations rendered by the ICZN, 10(2): 50, 51. Senior objective synonym of Valvearius De Duméril, 1805, of Planella Schlüter, 1838, of Planorbiana Paladilhe, 1866, and of Planorbitina De Betta, 1870.
Valvatinella De Betta, 1870
Original source: De Betta 1870: 127.
Original classification: Subgenus of Valvata.
Type species: Nerita piscinalis Müller, 1774.
Remarks: An objective junior synonym of Piscinalia Paladilhe, 1866 and Cincinna Mörch, 1864 with the same type species.
Valvearius Duméril, 1805
Original source:
Original classification: Genus of Valvatidae (erroneously cited as “Valvearius Müller”).
Type species: Valvata cristata Müller, 1774 by subsequent monotypy by
Remarks: 1805 is the correct year of publication as shown by
An objective junior synonym of Valvata Müller, 1773 with the same type species.
“Valvulata“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata Müller, 1773.
“Volvata“ mentioned in
A repeated and constant misspelling of Valvata Müller, 1773.
All taxa (species, subspecies, named varieties) are listed alphabetically here in their original version (only spelling corrected according to ICZN rules) regardless of applicability, current taxonomic status and synonyms.
I also add available data sources (types, on radula, SEM of protoconch, anatomy, etc.), which may be useful for future species delineation.
As a historical curiosity, certain shells of trichopteran insects (genus Hydropsyche) were considered to be Valvata species by early authors (e.g. Valvata agglutinans, Valvata arenifera, Valvata crispata).
Most of the erroneously classified nominal valvatids belong to the Hydrobiidae with often very similar, so–called “valvatiform” teleoconchs. Protoconch morphology is quite different between the two families, however, and the valvatid protoconch with longitudinal riffles is very typical (
Several species of nominal Valvata species have been transferred to the family Planorbidae (Panpulmonata, Hygrophila). The single nominal extant Valvata from the southern hemisphere, Valvata pedderi, has been now placed in the euthyneuran, pan–pulmonate Glacidorbidae with Gondwana distribution, thus making at least the extant Valvatidae mostly a taxon nearly exclusively found only in the northern hemisphere.
Considering the many non–valvatids (mostly hydrobiids) among the formal descriptions of extant “Valvatidae”, it is more than likely that this is also the case among the fossil species, since the diagnostic fine–structure of the protoconch has only been rarly studied by SEM (e.g. by
Throughout the decades a high number of valvatid taxon names in the literature or in the internet have been created by misspellings, confusions or other errors. Previously, these errors were mostly due to simple errors of authors or publishers, whereas in more recent times the electronic versions and copies add to the problem: There is no doubt that electronic libraries such as the Biodiversity Heritage Library www.biodiversitylibrary.org/, Gallica http://gallica.bnf.fr/, the Digitizing Center in Göttingen http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/ or DigiLit in Linz www.landesmuseum.at/datenbanken/digilit/ are of substantial value for current taxonomic research. Indeed, the current study could not be conducted in a reasonable time–frame without the help of these resources. However, the automatic text recognition software used by some websites provides a new source of misspellings and errors, in particular, if old papers or books in Gothic typescript or in poor print condition are used. Many of these mistakes were found in the Global Name Index (GNI) or in the Index of Organismic Names (ION), some have also been copied by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) or by the World Mollusc Species Data Base (WMSDB). In the following catalog such names are listed and the most probable explanation is provided, obvious errors have not been listed herein. The most impressive example probably is “Valvata ouscubakus Nykk., 1895” for Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774) attributed at http://content.lib.washington.edu/ to fig. 66 for
+ Valvata (Cincinna) abavia Huckriede, 1967
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Jurassic, Lower Kimmeridge.
Type locality: Hannover-Linder, Lindener Berg, Germany.
Valvata (Cincinna) sorensis var. abbreviata: Lindholm, 1909
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Baikal, Prorwinskji Ssor, Russia.
Remarks: In the original description Lindholm misspelled the name as Valvata (Cincinna) ssorensis var. abbreviata.The latter misspelling has been often repeated in particular by Russian authors.
+ Valvata abdita Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower-Middle Miocene, Burdigalian-Langhian.
Type locality: Lower-Middle Miocene, Burdigalian-Langhian; Dugoselo, Croatia.
+ Valvata (Aphanotylus) aberrans Bukowski, 1895
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Pliocene.
Type locality: near Monastery Skhiádi, Rhodus Island, Greece.
Remarks: Lectotype figured by
Valvata piscinalis acuminata Jeffreys, 1862
Original source:
Type locality: Avon River, Bristol, England and North of Ireland.
+ Valvata adeorboides Fuchs, 1870
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Rădmănești, near Lugos in Banat, Romania.
+ Valvata aegaea in
Horizon: Pliocene−Pleistocene.
Locality: Kos Island, Greece.
Valvata aegyptiaca Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type localities: “Canaux d’Alexandrie et lac Mariout; lac du jardin khédivial à Ghizeh près de Cairo; bords du lac Moeris, au Fayoun; rives du lac Timsah et marais près de Ramses”, all Egypt.
Remarks:
However, as outlined by
“Valvata aequanica Locard, 1883” and “Valvata aequanica Locard, 1889“ mentioned in
Misspelling of + Valvata sequanica Locard, 1883.
Valvata agglutinans Tassinari, 1858 (non Lechmere Guppy, 1864).
Original source:
Type locality: Italy.
Remarks: This is the larval shell of a trichopteran insect (genus Helicopsyche) (see
Valvata agglutinans Lechmere Guppy, 1864 (not Tassarini, 1858)
Original source:
Type locality: Northern part of Island Trinidad.
Remarks: A junior homonym of Valvata agglutinans Tassarini, 1858. Also Valvata agglutinans Lechmere Guppy, 1864 is considered a synonym under the trichopteran Helicopsyche maculisternum Botosaneanu in
“Valvata aleina Westerlund, 1877” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata aliena Westerlund, 1877.
Valvata aliena Westerlund, 1877
Original source:
Type locality: Nizhnij Inbatsk, Yenisej region, central Siberia, Russia (“Jenissei, Nischnij Inbatsk (lat. 63° 50’)”).
Lectotype designated by
Valvata naticina f. alligans Lindholm, 1927
Original source:
Type locality: Weichsel river near Plock, Poland.
Holotype figured by
+ Valvata almerai Almera, 1894
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Pliocene.
Type locality: Papiol, province Barcelona, Spain.
Valvata alpestris Küster, 1853
Original source:
Type locality: “in kleinen Seen an der Quelle der Giessbaches unweit des Faulhorns bei Grindelwald in der Schweiz” [in small lakes close to the fontain of Giessbach near the Faulhorn at Grindelwald in Switzerland] (
Types are figured by Boeters and Falkner (2002: pl. 15: figs 8–10).
Remarks: Often seen as subspecies of Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774), but
Radula and anatomy were described by
+ Valvata alta Deshayes, 1862
Original source:
Type horizon: Tertiary lignites.
Type locality: Sainceny, Bassin de Paris, France.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) altaica Popova & Starobogatov, 1981 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Neogene.
Type locality: Chuisk Basin (Irkutsk Region) and Altai Mountains, Russia.
Remarks: “Valvata (Cincinna) cf. altaica Popova & Starobogatof, 1981” is figured by
+ Liratina altispiralis Yü, 1982
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: Xizang, China.
+ Pentagoniostoma altispiratum Branson, 1935
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Morrison Formation.
Type locality: 3 miles south of Mayoworth, Wyoming, USA.
Valvata ambigua Westerlund, 1873 (under heading of subgenus Tropidina)
Original source:
Type locality: “Sverige vid Göteborg” [Sweden near Göteborg] (see
Types: Naturalhistoriska Museet Göteborg, #7242 (for identification see
Remarks: European authors mostly considered this taxon as a synonym to Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774). However, recently
“Valvata ambiqua” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata ambigua Westerlund, 1873.
Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) amurensis Moskvicheva, 1985 (in
Original source:
Type locality: Kutumanda River (Amur basin), Russia.
Holotype: According to
Valvata macrostoma var. anapensis Westerlund, 1883
Original source:
Type locality: river Anapo, Sicily, Italy.
+ Valvata anconae De Stefani, 1877
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Arno Valley, near Montecarlo, Italy.
Valvata andreaei Menzel, 1904
Original source:
Type locality: Diluvial (interglacial) freshwater sediments of Wallensen south of Hannover and in older alluvial calcareous tuff of Alfeld and er Leine, Niedersachsen, Germany.
Types not traced.
Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata (Cincinna) andreana Menzel, 1904 by the author himself. Valvata andreaei is also (solely) used by
+ Valvata (Cincinna) andreana Menzel, 1904
Original source:
Type horizon: Diluvial (interglacial) freshwater sediments.
Type locality: Wallensen south of Hannover and in older alluvial calcareous tuff of Alfeld and er Leine, Niedersachsen, Germany.
Remarks: Replaced by
“Valvata andrezowski” (GNI, GBIF)
According to Dr. Gary Rosenberg from the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (Philadelphia), the digitized label of a single sample says “Valvata andrezowski Jelsch”; the back of the label says “Kiew”. There is also a penciled note “These 2 spp. mixed by breakage of bottles”, the second species being Valvata spirorbis, for which there is also a label. There are three specimens in the lot; one of them is too large to be Valvata spirorbis (= cristata). The larger specimen is similar to Valvata naticina. The lot came from the C. M. Wheatley Collection deposited by the University of Pennsylvania. “Jelsch” means “Jelski”, who published Valvata menkeana [see there]. Perhaps Jelski distributed specimens under the manuscript name “andrezowski” and then decided to give it a different name.
+ Amplovalvata suturalis anjipingensis Yü, 1980 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Mesozoic.
Type locality: Zhejiang, Southern Anhui, China.
Valvata piscinalis annandalei Preston, 1916
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Biwa, Japan.
Valvata annelata Menke, 1845
Original source:
Type locality: Swamp (paludosis) at the basis of Mount Sinai, Egypt.
+ Valvata anomala Moore, 1867
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Jurassic.
Type locality: Charterhouse Mine, South Wales, U.K.
“Valvata antigua” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata antiqua Morris, 1838.
Valvata antiqua Morris, 1838
Original source:
Type locality: Grays in the Thames valley [from the publication titles], England.
Remarks: Mostly considered as an ecomorph of Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774), but Russian authors (e.g.
+ Amplovalvata antiqua Pan, 1980 (in
Original source:
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=36286
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.
Type locality: Zhejiang, Southern Anhui, China.
Remarks: Cited as + Amplovalvata antiqua “sp.nov.” Pan in
+ Costovalvata antiqua Zhu, 1994
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic, Toutunhe Formation.
Type locality: Ziniquanzi, Janggar Basin, Northern Xinjiang, China.
Valvata antiquilina Mozley, 1934
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Khomotenoye, Aj-Bulat drainage basin, Siberia, approximately 370 km southeast of Omsk (= Khomutinoe Lake, Burla Lake system, Altay).
Holotype: U.S. National Museum #469212.
Remarks: The holotype was designated in the original publication as “type”. The lot in the type collection of USNM with the catalogue number 469212 contains a single specimen, which matches the original illustration and measurements. The specimen is labeled as syntype on the later printed label.
“Valvata anvandalei” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata piscinalis annandalei Preston, 1916.
+ Valvata aphanotylopsis Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene, Pontium.
Type locality: Begalijica, Serbia.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) applanata Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
+ Planorbis arcelini Bourguignat, 1870 (in
Original source: Appendice by Adrien Arcelin in
Type horizon: Pliocene (“Marnes bleues”).
Type locality: Berges de la Saóne, France.
Remarks: cited as Valvata arcelini in
“Valvata arenaria” (GNI, GBIF)
Misspelling of Valvata arenifera Lea, 1834.
Valvata arenifera Lea, 1834
Original source:
Type locality: Cumberland river near Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A.
Remarks: the larval shell of an trichopteran insect (Helicopsyche resp. Phryganea) (see
“Valvata ausonia” (GNI, GBIF/SysTax).
Possibly an erroneous spelling of Omalogyra ausonia Palazzi, 1988 (similar shell as Valvata cristata), since GBIF/SysTax mentioned “Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Italy” as locality. Omalogyra ausonia has been transferred to Palazzia (Archaeogastropoda, incertae sedis) by
+ Valvata (Cincinna) austrina Pan, 1977
Original source:
Type horizon: ?? (whole text in Chinese).
Type locality: Yunnan, China.
Cristatiana Servain, 1888
Original source:
Type species: Valvata planorbulina Paladilhe, 1867 by monotypy.
Remarks:
+ Valvata avilianensis Pollonera, 1888
Original source:
Type horizon: Post-Pliocene.
Type locality: Lago di Aviliana, Italy.
Valvata baicalensis Gerstfeldt, 1859
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Baikal, Russia.
Lectotype esignated by
Remarks: (1) Genital details depicted by
(2)
(3) Live photos (as “Megalovalvata baicalensis Gerstf.”) at: http://www.geol.irk.ru/baikal/rep_2008/pdf/baikal2008_apx5.pdf (Fig. 13) and: www.underwaterphotography.com/Photo-Contest/underwater-photo.aspx?ID=74736
(4) Spawn data at: http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~rpeter/deutsch/repro/ei_valva.html
“Megalovalvata baikalensis Gerstfeldt, 1859“ (WMSDB)
http://www.bagniliggia.it/WMSD/HtmSpecies/2280450269.htm
Misspelling of Valvata baicalensis Gerstfeldt, 1859.
Valvata tricarinata bakeri Fluck, 1932
Original source:
Type locality: Oneida Lake, New York, USA.
Holotype: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia (ANSP) #169016.
Remarks: Probably one of the many lake–specific forms of Valvata tricarinata.
+ Valvata balatonica Rolle, 1861 (?non Servain, 1881)
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany, Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks: (1) It is unclear, whether Valvata balatonica in
(2) Based on SEM of the protoconch
Valvata balatonica Servain, 1881 (?non Rolle, 1861)
Original source:
Type horizon: Collected from detritus, thus possibly (sub)fossil.
Type Locality: “entre les bains de Füred et la presqu’île de Tihany”, Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks: It is unclear, whether Valvata balatonica Rolle, 1861 refers to the same species: Type localities of both authors are very close, but
+ Pseudoamnicola balizacensis Degrange-Touzin, 1892
Original source:
Type horizon: Miocene.
Type locality: Calcarie blanc de l’Agenais, à Balizac, France.
+ Valvata balteata Brusina, 1878
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene-Pleistocene, Romanian.
Type locality: Čaplja, Gromačnik, Slavonia, Croatia.
+ Valvata banatica Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Rădmănești, Romania.
+ Liratina basicarinata Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
Valvata tricarinata var. basalis Vanatta, 1915
Original source:
Type locality: Hudson River, NY, USA.
Valvata bathybia Dybowski, 1886
Original source:
Type locality: Kultuk (southern Lake Baikal) (restricted in
Lectotype designated by
Remarks: SEM photos of shell, protoconch, and radula are depicted by
+ Tropidina bellireticulata Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
“Valvata beltrami Contreras-Arquieta, 1993” (WMSDB).
Misspelling of Valvata beltrani Contreras-Arquieta, 1993 at page 194 at www.flmnh.ufl.edu/malacology/mexico-central_america_snail_checklist/part1.htm
Valvata beltrani Contreras-Arquieta, 1993
Original source:
Type locality: Charco Azul, San Juan de Aviles, Aramberri, Nuevo León, México.
Holotype: U.S. National Museum #860587.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) benoisti Cossmann, 1899
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic – Bathonien.
Type locality: Département de l’Indre, France.
Remarks: Considered as Cryptonerita benoisti (Cossmann, 1899) (Neritidae) by
“Valvata piscinaloides var. berthoni“ mentioned in
Locality: Middle Pliocene; Saint-Laurent–de-Arbres, Département Gard, France.
Remarks: Cited by
“Valvata (Cincinna) besançoni de Laub. & Carez“ mentioned in
Misspelled for + Valvata bezanconi Laubrière & Carez, 1880.
+ Valvata beysehirensis Glöer & Girod, 2013
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene.
Type locality: A hillock to the west of the national road D695, at the latitude of Çiftlikköy, just south of the turning for this village (37°43'58.38"N, 31°42'08.76"E).
“Valvata (Cincinna) bezancani Laubriere & Carez” in
Misspelling of + Valvata bezanconi Laubrière & Carez, 1880.
+ Valvata bezanconi Laubrière & Carez, 1880
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene.
Type locality: Brasles near Château-Thierry, Département de Aisne, France.
Valvata bicarinata Lea, 1841 (non Willmann, 1981)
Original source:
Type locality: Schuylkill River, PA, West side, below Permanent Bridge, USA.
Holotype: U.S. National Museum #121098.
+ Valvata heidemariae bicarinata Willmann, 1981 (non Valvata bicarinata Lea, 1841)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pleistocene, Middle Iraki-Formation.
Type locality: Vokasia-Tal, Kos, Greece.
Remarks: A junior homonym of Valvata bicarinata Lea, 1841.
+ Valvata bicincta Fuchs, 1870 (non Whiteaves, 1885)
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks:
+ Valvata bicincta Whiteaves, 1885 (non Fuchs, 1870)
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: mouth of the Blind Man River, North–west Territory, Canada.
Remarks: A junior homonym of Valvata bicincta Fuchs, 1870.
+ Valvata biformis Sinzov, 1876
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: Novorossian, Ukraine.
Remarks: Figured by
+ Valvata (Tropidina) bifrons Neumayr, 1875
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene.
Type locality: Dacian/Lower Romanian; Vârghiș (= Vargyas), Siebenbürgen (Transsilvania), Romania.
“Valvata bivarinata” at www.discoverlife.org
Misspelling of Valvata bicarinata I. Lea, 1841.
Valvata (Cincinna) biwaensis Preston, 1916
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Biwa, Japan.
Valvata bocconi Calcara, 1842
Original source:
Type locality: Pantano di Mondello, region of Termini, Sicilia, Italy.
+ Valvata (Tropidina) bojanovski Pavlović, 1932
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene−Pleistocene, Metohija Series.
Type locality: Topličane (“blue marne Levantines near Topelić”), Metohija basin, Kosovo.
Remarks:
+ Valvata bonelliana Pollonera, 1888
Original source:
Type horizon: Post-Pliocene.
Type locality: Contorno di Torino, Italy.
Valvata borealis Milachevich, 1881
Original source:
Type locality: near Moscow, Russia.
Remarks:
+ Valvata bouei Pavlović, 1903
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene−Pleistocene, Metohija Series.
Type locality: Orahovac region, Metohija basin, Kosovo.
Remarks: + Valvata bouei
+ Valvata bourdoti Cossmann, 1899
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Eocene.
Type locality: Bois-Gouët, Lower Loire, Bretagne, France.
Valvata bourguignati Letourneux, 1869
Original source:
Type locality: “Fontaine, prés du Moulin-Gachet (commune de Pissotte)” , Département deVendée, France.
Remarks: (1)
(2)
(3) According to
+ Valvata bouryi Cossmann, 1888
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Eocene.
Type locality: Neauphlette, west of Paris, France.
Valvata branchiata Gruithuisen, 1821
Original source:
Type locality: not provided in the original source, but presumably near München, Germany, where the author lived.
Remarks:
Valvata (Cincinna) brandti Westerlund, 1897
Original source:
Type localities: “See Goktscha, Umgebung von Lagodechi” [Lake Goktscha, surrounding of Lagodechi]; both Kaukasus, Georgia.
Remarks: Considered a synonym of Caspicyclotus sierversi (Pfeiffer, 1771) (Cyclophoridae) by
Valvata (Cincinna) aliena var. brevicula Kozhov, 1936
Original source:
Type locality: Bogushanskaya Inlet, Lake Baikal, Russia.
Lectotype (
“Valvata brisenoi Contreras” (GNI, GBIF)
· at Discover Life: http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Valvata+brisenoi
· Cited as submitted paper “Contreras-Arquieta, A. Valvata briseñoi n. sp. from Aramberri, State of Sierra León, México. The Veliger (Sometido)“ in
+ Valvata bronni Ancona, 1867 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Plio-Pleistocene.
Type locality: central Italy.
Remarks: (1) Refers to Valvata obtusa sensu
(2) Type species of Stephania Esu & Girotti, 1975: 222 (?Ampullariidae)
“Amnicola brownie“ mentioned in Carpenter (1872: Central Falls Weekly Visitor end of March 1872 [not seen])
Remarks: it is questionable, whether or not this newspaper is published work in the sense of ICZN Art. 8.1.1. If not, than Valvata brownii Carpenter, 1889 would be the original source of the name.
Valvata brownii Carpenter, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Cunliff’s Pond, at Elmville, south of Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Remarks:
+ Cincinna (Cincinna) bugense [sic: should be bugensis, since Cincinna is feminine] Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 76, pl. 66: figs 6–9.
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Maeotian.
Type locality: near the town Michailowka, district Volgograd, Russia.
+ Valvata bukowskii Brusina, 1897
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene–Pleistocene (Dacian–Romanian).
Type locality: Bečić, Slavonia, Croatia.
Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) bureensis Starobogatov & Zatravkin, 1985
Original source:
Type locality: lake on the left bank of the River Bureja, near Chekunda (old) settlement, Khabarovsk Territory, Sibiria, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institut, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
+ Valvata hellenica var. cabeolensis Fontannes, 1880
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene.
Type locality: basin du Crest, south of Valence, France.
Valvata humeralis californica Pilsbry, 1908
Original source:
Type locality: Bear Lake, San Bernardino Mountains, California, USA.
Remarks:
+ Valvata calli Hanniball, 1910
Original source:
Type horizon: Marl–deposit, Upper Lahontan Quaternary.
Type locality: Summer Lake, Oregon, USA.
Valvata callista Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type localities: “Marais à l’est de canal Mahmoudieh; bords du lac Moeris, au Fayoun”, all Egypt.
Remarks:
“Valvata cancellata“ (GNI, ION)
Possibly an erroneous spelling or confusion of Spirorbis valvata Berger, 1859 and Spirorbis cancellata Fabricius, 1780 (Annelida, Polychaeta).
+ Valvata cangshanensis Pan, 1982
Original source: Pan 1982: p. ??, figs 24–27 (not seen, not listed in Zoological Record, data from the online type catalogue of Nanjing Institute).
Type horizon: Jurassic – Penglaizhen.
Type locality: Zhongjiang County, Sichuan Basin, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=53436
+ Valvata carasiensis Jekelius, 1944
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Sarmat.
Type locality: Soceni (Banat), Romania.
Valvata carinata Sowerby, 1834 (non Fuchs, 1870)
Original source:
Locus typicus: not provided.
Remarks: Concerning the publication year of Sowerby’s work
+ Valvata carinata Fuchs, 1870 (not Sowerby, 1834)
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks: According to
“Valvata caterinae“ mentioned in
Locality: Pliocene-Pleistocene; Ptolemaida, West-Macedonia, Greece.
Remarks: This PhD-Thesis, in which 35 species are ostendibley described, does not meet the conditions of ICZN Art. 8.1.3 and 9.9. Accordingly, the name is not available.
+ Valvata (Aphanotylus) chalinei Schlickum & Puisségur, 1978
Original source:
Type horizon: Tertiary.
Type locality: Montagny les Beaume, Département Côte d’Or, France.
Remarks: See also
+ Valvata changzhouensis Yü, 1977 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous.
Type locality: Jiangsu Province, China.
Cincinna chereshnevi Bogatov, Zatravkin & Starobogatov, 1992 (in
Original source:
Type locality: southern Chukchi Peninsula, basin of Khatyrka River, Lake Egergytgyn, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institut, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Cincinna chersonica Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987
Original source:
Type locality: mouth of Dnieper river into Black Sea, Ukraine.
Holotype figured by
Remarks: A much more detailed description of the species was provided by
Cincinna chishimana Prozorova & Starobogatov, 1999
Original source:
Type locality: Iturup Island, Reidovoe Lake, 1–5 m, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institut, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Remarks: According to
“Valvata chohnokyi
Misspelled and confused with + Bithynia (?) cholnokyi Schlosser, 1906.
Valvata choristogyra Hagenmüller, 1884
Original source:
Type locality: River Elbe at Hamburg, Germany.
Remarks:
+ Valvata (Cincinna) costatus cinctus Taner, 1973 [should be costata cincta, since Valvata and Cincinna both are feminine]
Original source:
Type horizon: Neogene.
Type locality: Altintepe near the town of Fatsa close to the Black Sea, Turkey.
+ Valvata circinata Sandberger, 1871
Original source:
Type horizon: Oligocene.
Type locality: “Kalke von Kleinkems”, north of Basel, Germany.
+ Valvata cobalcescui Brusina, 1885
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene–Pleistocene, (Dacian–Romanian; Paludina–layers).
Type locality: Barboși (= Barboschi), Galati, Romania.
Remarks: As outlined by
Valvata colbeaui Roffiaen, 1869
Original source:
Type locality: Brienzersee near Iseltwald, Switzerland.
“Valvata colli” (GNI)
Misspelling of + Valvata calli Hanniball, 1910.
+ Valvata comes Hudleston, 1896
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle-Jurassic, Inferior Oolite; Paludina–beds.
Type locality: at Langton Bridge, Lincolnshire, England, U.K.
Valvata compressa Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: first locality mentioned is “Poligny dans le Jura”, France.
Valvata (Cincinna) confusa Westerlund, 1897 (not Valvata tricarinata var. confusa Walker, 1902)
Original source:
Type locality: “Sibirien. Thal des Olenek” [Siberia, valley of Olenjok], Russia.
Lectotype designated by
Remarks: Genital details are depicted by
Valvata tricarinata var. confusa Walker, 1902 (non Valvata (Cincinna) confusa Westerlund, 1897)
Original source:
Type locality: not provided.
Remarks: Replaced by Valvata tricarinata var. perconfusa Walker, 1917 (see there).
+ Valvata connectens Brusina, 1892
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Markuševec (Zagreb), Croatia.
Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata gradata Brusina (1874: 135), non Fuchs, 1870.
+ Valvata conoidalis Michaud, 1855
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene, Zanclean.
Type locality: Hauterive (Drôme), France.
Remarks: Considered as Craspedopoma conoidale (Michaud, 1855) (Maizaniidae) by Locard (1887: 243) and
Valvata (Cincinna) consors Westerlund, 1886
Original source:
Type locality: Klagenfurt in Kärnten, Austria.
Nerita contorta Müller, 1774
Original source:
Type locality: Fridrichsdal, Denmark.
Types possibly in Zoological Museum Copenhagen (
Remarks:
Radula figured by
Helix contortaplicata Gmelin, 1791
Original source:
Type locality: “Galliae” (France).
Remarks: Gmelin provided a short description, a reference to
Valvata coronadoi Bourguignat, 1870
Original source:
Type locality: “en los alrededores de Madrid, o, al menos, en algunos manantiales o arroyos de la provincia de Castilla La Nueva” [in Madrid’s surroundings or, at least, in some springs or strans of the New Castille Province], Spain.
Types: Lectotype Museum de l’Histoire Naturelle de Geneve (MHNG, figured by
Remarks: Now Neohoriatia (?) coronadoi (Hydrobiidae) see
+ Aphanotylus cossmanni Brusina, 1894
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Upper Pannonian, horizon of Lyrcæa (Melanopsis) / Congeria–layers.
Type locality: Kúp, Komitat Veszprém, Western Hungary.
Valvata piscinalis var. costulata Drouët, 1867
Original source:
Type locality: Ouche, France.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) costatus [sic] Taner, 1973 [should be costata, since Valvata and Cincinna both are feminine]
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Tabakalari, Tahir, Eastern Turkey.
+ Valvata craterella Russell, 1938
Original source:
Type horizon: Oligocene.
Type locality: Park County, Colorado, USA.
Valvata cressidana Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Marais de Cressida, Corfu, Greece.
“Valvata crisata (Mull.)” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata cristata Müller, 1774.
“Valvata crispata” mentioned in
Remarks: (1) Name attributed by Westerlund to Benoit with a bibliographical reference to the un–labelled plates in “
(2) This name refers to the shell of a hydropsychid trichopteran (Hexapoda: Phryganea) (cf.
Valvata cristata Müller, 1774
Original source:
Type locality: Fridrichsdal (NW of Copenhagen), Denmark.
Types possibly in Zoological Museum Copenhagen (
Remarks: (1) SEM photos of shell and radula are provided by
Valvata cristatella “f. Biguet” (i.e. Faure-Biguet) mentioned in
Remarks: Cited by
+ Valvata piscinalis var. crusitensis Fontannes, 1886
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene–Pleistocene, Romanian.
Type locality: Crușeț (Crusita, valley of Amaradii), Dolj, Romania.
Remarks: figured as Valvata (Cincinna) crusitensis Fontannes by
Valvata cumingii Reeve, 1859
Original source:
Type locality: England.
Remarks: Present status unknown, cf.
“Valvata inflata var. curta Tournouër” mentioned in
Locality: Middle Pliocene; Saint-Amour, Département Jura, Region Franche-Comté, France.
Remarks:
Valvata cyclomphala Westerlund, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: “Norvegia in Finmarkia oriental ad Koskiniavi (Flumen Pasvig)”, Norway.
“Valvata (Valvata) cyclistomoides Raspail“ mentioned in
Consistent misspelling of Valvata cyclotusoides Raspail, 1909.
+ Amplovalvata cyclostoma Yen, 1952
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Jurassic, Morrison Formation.
Type locality: Felch’s Ranch, Garden Park, 9 miles north of Canon City, Fremont County, Colorado, USA.
+ Planorbis cyclostomus Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene-Pleistocene, Dacian-Romanian.
Type locality: Gromačnik, Slavonia, Croatia.
Remarks: Considered as a Valvata by
+ Valvata cyclostrema Brusina, 1892
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Markuševec (Zagreb), Croatia.
+ Valvata cyclotusoides Raspail, 1909
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Eocene, Upper Bartonian.
Type locality: Le Vouast near Montjavoult, north–west of Paris, Département Oise, France.
+ Valvata cyrenophila Andreae, 1884
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Oligocene, Chattien.
Type locality: Kolbsheim, Département Bas-Rhin, France.
“Valvata cythropomatia Hemph.” (GNI)
Probably corrupted by erroneous text recognition software for Valvata erythropomatia Hauffen, 1856.
+ Cincinna dakangensis Yü, 1974
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Jurassic.
Type locality: Jiangyou, Sichuan Province, Southwest China.
+ Aphanotylus dakangensis Pan, 1982
Original source: Pan 1982: ??, figs 5–8 (Not seen, not in Zoological Record, data from the online type catalogue of Nanjing Institute).
Type horizon: Mesozoic.
Type locality: artesian springs, Sichuan Jiangyou Grafschaft Kang, Sichuan province, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=53439
+ Valvata dalaziensis Zhu, 1980
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: Northwest China.
Valvata sincera danielsi Walker, 1906
Original source:
Type locality: Cannon Lake, Rice Co. Minnesota, USA.
Valvata danubiana Put & Polyszcuk [sic!], 1969
Original source:
Type locality: Right bank of Ochakov–mouth in the Danube delta, Ukraine.
+ Valvata debilis Fuchs, 1870
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks: According to
+ Valvata decollata Hislop, 1859
Original source:
Type horizon: Tertiary.
Type locality: Tákli, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, East India.
Remarks: The valvatid nature of this taxon was doubted by
+ Valvata deflexa Sandberger, 1863
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene, Littorinellenkalk.
Type locality: Kästrich in Mainz, Germany.
Remarks: Sandberger himself (
Remarks: Types of
+ Amplovalvata deformis Pan, 1980 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Mesozoic.
Type locality: Zhejiang Zhuji, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=36290
+ Valvata deisteri Struckmann, 1880
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: Coal–mine Egsdorf near Hannover, Germany.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) delaunayi Cossmann, 1907
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Dogger, Bathonien.
Type locality: Saint-Gaultier (Indre), France.
Remarks: Judging from the figure of the shell (non–circular aperture) nearly with certainty no valvatid.
“Heterovalvata delessei“ mentioned in
Locality: Stratum ?; Saint Cyr, Tripoli, Libanon.
Valvata delevieleusae Hagenmüller, 1884
Original source:
Type locality: not provided, North Africa.
Remarks:
Valvata cristata var. delpretiana Paulucci, 1878
Original source:
Type locality: near Viareggio, Toscana, Italy.
Valvata (Liratina) baicalensis var. demersa Lindholm, 1909
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Baikal, “beim Uluss [type error: Fluss] Byrkin” [at river Byrkin], Russia.
Lectotype designated by
Remarks: (1) SEM of radula figured by Röpstorf et al. (2003: fig. 6B).
(2) Live photo (under “Megalovalvata demersa Ldh.”): http://www.geol.irk.ru/baikal/rep_2008/pdf/baikal2008_apx5.pdf (Fig. 3).
(3) Spawn data: http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~rpeter/deutsch/repro/ei_valva.html
+ Valvata densestriata Pilsbry, 1934
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: 23 miles southwest of Hanford, Kettleman Hills, California, USA.
Valvata depressa Pfeiffer, 1821
Original source:
Type locality: „in einem schlammigen Wassergraben, unweit Hanau, bey dem Dorfe Enkheim“. [in a muddy ditch not far from Hanau, at the village Enkheim – today a part of Bergen-Enkheim in Frankfurt/Main], Germany.
Types: not traced. Pfeiffer’s collection was dispersed after his death (
+ Valvata deshayesi Denainvilliers, 1875
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene, Aquitanian.
Type locality: Segrais near Piethiviers, Départment de Loiret, France.
Paludina dilatata Eichwald, 1830
Original source:
Valvata dilatata in
Type locality: Quaternary (!) deposits near Grodno (Hrodna), Belarus.
Lectotype designated by
Remarks: Russian authors (e.g.
Valvata discors Westerlund, 1886
Original source:
Type locality: “Sweden Lake Ringsjön”. According to
Syntypes (2 specimens, AN 4649) in the Naturalhistoriska Museet Göteborg, figured by
Remarks:
+ Valvata disjuncta Dollfus, 1877
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Oligocene.
Type locality: Bessancourt (Seine-et-Oise), France.
+ Valvata (Tropidina) donghucunensis Pan, 1977
Original source:
Type horizon: ?? (whole text in Chinese).
Type locality: Yunnan, China.
“Valvata (Tropidina) dongshucuanensis Pan, 1977“ mentioned in Chinese online–catalogues.
Misspelling of + Valvata (Tropidina) donghucunensis Pan, 1977.
+ Valvata (Tropidina) drimensis Pavlović, 1903
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene-Pleistocene, Metohija Series.
Type locality: Orahovac region, Metohija Basin, Southwest Kosovo.
+ Valvata dromica Fontannes, 1880
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: bassin du Crest, Drome, France.
“Valvata piscinalis var. dujardini” mentioned in
Listed or mentioned by
Locality: Middle Miocene, Faluns de la Touraine (for geography see http://www.geocaching.com/seek/cache_details.aspx?guid=4ae1307b-f29f-4a9e-a7ef-71bc1299dfbd); Départements d’Indre-et-Loire and Maine-et-Loire and an extension in the region of Rennes (Département d’Ille et Vilaine). France.
“Valvata ecarinata Say” (GNI)
Possibly misspelled for Valvata tricarinata Say, 1817.
“Valvata elatior” Menzel, 1904 [often cited as “Valvata elatior Menzel, 1900”] (
Error pro Valvata (Cincinna) andreana var. latior Menzel, 1904 (see there).
Valvata erythropomatia Hauffen, 1856
Original source: Hauffen 1856: 465, pl. 7: fig. 1.
Type locality: Cave of Görtschach / Goriče (i.e. (=”Babja Luknja” cave), Slovenia.
Remarks: Type species of Erythropomatiana Radoman, 1978 (see
+ Valvata (Tropidina) eugeniae Neumayr, 1875 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene, Dacian / Lower Romanian (Congeria–layers).
Type locality: Vârghi (= Vargyas), Siebenbürgen (Transsilvania), Romania.
+ Valvata euomphalus Fuchs, 1877
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene, Chaudian (Günz glaciation).
Type locality: Livanates near Talanti, Greece.
Remarks: Type species of Graecamnicola Willmann, 1981 (Hydrobiidae), lectotype described and figured by
+ Valvata euristoma Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Begaljica, Serbia.
“Valvata eurystoma“ mentioned in
Locality: Tertiary; Mainzer Becken, Germany.
+ Borysthenia naticina euxinica Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 74–75, pl. 65: figs 2–4.
Type horizon: Upper Pleistocene (Evksinsk layer).
Type locality: near Ozernoye, district Stawropol, Russia.
Valvata exigua Schmidt, 1856
Original source:
Neotype: Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt #262352.
Type locality (according to the neotype designation by
Remarks: Considered as Horatia (Horatia) exigua (Schmidt, 1857) by
Valvata exilis Paladilhe, 1867
Original source:
Type locality: “dans les alluvions de Lez”, Département Hérault, France.
Remarks: Type species of Heraultia Bodon, Manganelli & Giusti, 2001, being replaced by Heraultiella, see
Valvata eximia Servain, 1880
Original source:
Type locality: Badajoz, Spain.
Remarks: Cited by
“Valvata exinia Servain, 1880” in
Misspelling of Valvata eximia Servain, 1880.
+ Valvata (Valvata) exotica Papp, 1954
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Wiesen, Eisenstadt (Sopron) Basin, Burgenland, Austria.
Remarks: Introduced for Valvata pseudoadeorbis Sinzow, 1880 sensu
Valvata fagoti Fagot, 1881
Original source:
Type locality: “Saint-Pardoult (Charente-Inférieure), France.
+ Liratina fahaniuensis Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogue of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
+ Valvata falsani Locard, 1883
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Pliocene, Plaisencien.
Type locality: Pérouges, Département de Ain, France.
Remarks: Cited as “Valvata falsani (Lithoglyphus) Tournouër, 1876“ in
Cincinna falsifluviatilis in
Original source:
Type locality: not provided “Belgien, England, Deutschland, Russland”.
Types: Not specified.
Remarks: Established as a replacement name for “Valvata fluviatilis sensu Westerlund, 1886 (non Colbeau, 1859) “.
However, a “sensu” name is not an available name, and only an available name can be replaced for nomenclatural reasons (see Glossary of the Code, new replacement name, “a name established expressly to replace an already established name”).
Helix fascicularis Gmelin, 1791
Original source:
Type locality: Thüringen, Germany.
Remarks:
Valvata fennica Westerlund, 1897
Original source:
Type locality: “Fennia ad Vosnessenje prope Onega”, Finland.
“Valvata tricarinata f. fercomfuss” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata tricarinata var. perconfusa Walker, 1917.
Valvata (Tropidina) fezi Altimira, 1960
Original source:
Type locality: Fuente Roble, Yémeda, Cuenca, Spain
Variability figured by
Remarks:
+ Valvata filosa Whiteaves, 1885
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: Pincher Creek, North–west Territory, Canada.
Valvata piscinalis var. fluviatilis in
Remarks:
Valvata fluviatilis Colbeau, 1868
Original source:
Type locality: Belgium.
Remarks: According to ICZN Art. 12.2.7
Turbo fontinalis Pulteney, 1799
Original source:
Type locality: Dorsetshire, England.
Remarks: “Turbo fontinalis, Pult.” in
“Valvata foraminis Braun, 1843“ mentioned in
Remarks: see
+ Valvata fossaruliformis Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Kenese (at Lake Balaton), Hungary.
+ Valvata fragilis Yü, 1965
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle - Upper Eocene, upper part of the Yuanchü Chun.
Type locality: Yuanchü, Shansi, China.
Valvata frigida Westerlund, 1873
Original source:
Type locality: “Från Naustejaur I Pite Lappmark” (near Naustejaur in the Samen region), Sweden.
Syntypes: Naturalhistoriska Museet Göteborg (AN 4677), figured by
Remarks:
+ Aphanotylus fuchsi Brusina, 1894
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (horizon of Lyrcæa (Melanopsis)).
Type locality: Kenese at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
“Valvata piscinalis antiqua var. fuhrmanni” mentioned in
Original source:
Locality: Lac de Neuchatel, Switzerland.
Remarks: Name proposed as an infrasubspecific rank unavailable and thus not available under ICZN Art. 10.4, 45.5.
“Valvata furhrmanni” (GNI, ION)
Misspelling of Valvata fuhrmanni Piaget, 1914.
+ Valvata furlici Brusina, 1897
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene - Pliocene, Pannonian (Portaferrian).
Type locality: Okrugljak in Zagreb, Croatia.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) fuxinensis Yü, 1987
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: Western Liaoning Province, China.
Valvata (Cincinna) gafurovi Izzatullaev, 1977
Original source:
Type locality: Gorno-Badakhmanskaya Autonomous Republic, Lake Sylykty-Sai (areal about 300 m2), 10 km south–westward from Kyzil-Rabat, on depth 2–3 m, Tajik SSR.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Valvata (Cincinna) gaillardoti Germain, 1911
Original source:
Type locality: Environs de Saida, Syria.
Remarks: Currently Islamia gaillardoti (Germain, 1911) (Hydrobiidae), see Bodon et al. (2011: 175).
Valvata gallica Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type localities: “Canal de la Marne au Rhin”; Boulogne–sur-Seine, près de paris; Argenteuil, Versailles, etc. (Seine-et-Oise); bar–sur-Seine (Aube); Canal du Nivernais, Moulins (Allier); Auxonne (Côte–d’Or); Chalon–sur-Saône (Saône-et-Loire); les alluvions du Rhône, au nord de Lyon (Rhône, Ain); le lac du Bourget, près d’Aix–les-Bains (Savoie); l’ile de Trontemoult, à Nantes (Loire-Inférrierue) [col. Bourguignat]; les environs e Bayonne (Basses Pyrénées) [col. Bourguignat]; etc., all France.
+ Valvata piscinalis var. gaudryana Mortillet, 1863
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Pliocene.
Type locality: Joinville–le-Pont, sablière Deligny, Montreuil, France.
Remarks: Often cited as “Valvata piscinalis var. gaudryana Tournouër, 1866» (e.g.
“Valvata genuina Ziegler“ mentioned in
“Valvata genuina Ziegler“ mentioned in
Valvata genuina Menke, 1845
Original source:
Type locality: Island Martinique, Caribbean (according to
Remarks: As outlined by
Valvata (Cincinna) geyeri Menzel, 1904 (often cited as Menzel 1900)
Original source:
Type locality: “Weissen See” (Weißensee) near Füssen in Bavaria, Germany.
Specimens from the type locality were figured bei
Remarks: According to
+ Valvata gibbulaeformis Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene, Dacian.
Type locality: Aita Seacă, Romania.
“Valvata antiqua gigas Goretzki, 1956” (GNI, ION) – unknown.
+ Valvata giraudi Dollfus, 1908
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene, Aquitanian.
Type locality: Montaigu–de-Blin, Département de Allier, France.
+ Valvata glacialis Westerlund, 1881
Original source:
Type horizon: subfossil.
Type locality: in glacier of Scania, a province in Sweden.
Valvata globulina Férussac, 1807 (in
Original source:
Type locality: France (Férussac’s specimens) and Germany: Weimar (specimens from
Remarks: (1) Mentioned by
(2)
(3) In addition,
(4) Nevertheless, starting with
(5) According to
+ Valvata gradata globulosa Jekelius, 1944
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Soceni, Banat, Romania.
Remarks:
“Valvata glohulina Paladilhe, 1866” (among Valvatidae) mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata globulina Paladilhe, 1866 = Islamia globulina (Paladhile, 1866) (Hydrobiidae).
+ Valvata (Cincinna) goldfussiana Wüst, 1901
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene.
Type locality: Thüringen, Germany.
Remarks: Currently considered as Borysthenia goldfussiana (Wüst, 1901).
“Valvata goryi” mentioned in
“Valvata nilotica is closely related to the S.W. Asian Valvata goryi”.
Mismatch with Bithynia goryi Bouguignat, 1856 (p. 185; type locality: Nile valley).
Valvata gracilis Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type localities: Environs de Cherbourgh, dans la Manche; Brest, dan le Finisère; Issoudun, dans l’Indre (Loc.); la Maine, à Angers, dan le Maine-et-Loire (col. Bouguignat), all France.
+ Valvata gradata Fuchs, 1870
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks:
+ Valvata graeca Fuchs, 1877
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene, Chaudian (cf.
Type locality: Livanates near Talanti, Greece.
Remarks: Classified among Graecamnicola by
“Valvata granifera”.
Cited by
Valvata contorta gratiosa Drouët, 1867
Original source:
Type locality: Côte d’Or, France.
+ Valvata gregaria Bukowski, 1895
Original source:
Type horizon: Marl and/or clay.
Type locality: south of Rhodos Island, Greece.
Remarks: Lectotype designated and figured by
+ Valvata gregorii Robinson, 1915
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Morrison Formation.
Type locality: 4 miles NE of Black Falls, Wand Terrace, Tuba, Arizona, USA.
Holotype: Yale Peabody Museum 17849, a plastoholotype at National Museum of Natural History (http://collections.si.edu/search/record/nmnhpaleobiology_3307304).
Remarks:
+ Valvata fluviatilis groeberi Fuhrmann, 1990
Original source:
Type horizon: Interglacial.
Type locality: Gröbern (Kreis Gräfen-Hainichen), north of Leipzig, Germany.
Valvata grubei mentioned in
Valvata grubei Dybowski, 1875
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Baikal.
“Valvata grubii Dyb.“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata grubei Dybowski, 1875.
“Valvata guatamalensis” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata guatemalensis Morelet, 1851 (which is not listed in GNI).
Valvata guatemalensis Morelet, 1851
Original source:
Type locality: Río Michatoya, near the port of Istapa [Puerto Ixstapa], Dept. Esquintla, Guatemala.
Remarks: Considered as Cochliopa guatemalensis (Morelet, 1849) (Hydrobiidae) by
+ Cincinna (Atropidina) guriana Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 79, pl. 71: figs 1–2.
Type horizon: Pleistocene (Guriy Sediment).
Type locality: near Syvash (shallow lagoons on the west coast of the Sea of Azov) northeastern coast of the Crimean Peninsula, Ukraine.
Valvata hagenmulleri Hagenmüller, 1884 (non Caziot, 1902) [as spelled in the headline, no subsequent use] or Valvata hagenmuelleri Hagenmüller, 1884 [as cited in line 2 and in the index/page 383 of the volume; also GNI and ION]. According to ICZN Art. 50.1.1 the correct spelling depends on the usage by the first reviser.
Original source:
Type locality: Seyabouse, Algeria.
Remarks:
Valvata hagenmulleri [sic] Caziot, 1902 (non Hagenmüller, 1884)
Original source:
Type locality: valley of Tavignano, Corsica, France.
Remarks: often cited as Valvata hagenmuelleri Caziot, 1902 (e.g. WMSDB).
+ Valvata (Jekeliusiana) oecsensis halavatsi Gozhik, 2002
Original source:
Figured by Gozhik (2007: 81, pl. 70: figs 1–4).
Type horizon: Miocene, Pontian?? (paper not seen).
Type locality: ?? (paper not seen).
Valvata (Cincinna) halopea Westerlund, 1894
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Palavesi near Kuopio, Finland.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) hanjianggensis Yü, 1977 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous.
Type locality: Jiangsu Province, China.
Cincinna hankensis Prozorova, 1988
Original source:
Type locality: Small lake near the shore of Khanka Lake, (= Xīngkǎi Hú, Lake Xingkai) is located in East Russia/Northeast China.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Valvata hebraica Lesson, 1832
Original source:
Type locality: New Guinea.
Remarks:
+ Liratina hedobia Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
+ Valvata heidemariae Willmann, 1981
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene, Middle Vokasia-Formatin.
Type locality: Vokasia Tal, Island of Kos, Greece.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) helicelloides Huckriede, 1967
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality (according to
Remarks: Replacement name of Valvata helicoides Loriol & Jaccard, 1865.
Valvata lewisi var. helicoidea Dall, 1905
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Bennett, Yukon Territory; Old Fort Yukon, Alaska.
Syntype: US National Museum No. 180304.
Remarks: Also occurring in Siberia (
“Valvata sincera var. helicoidea Dall, 1905” (WMSDB)
Erroneous rendition of Valvata lewisi var. helicoidea Dall, 1905.
“Valvata helicoides“ mentioned in
+ Valvata helicoides Stoliczka, 1862
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: north of Eszterthal, region of Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks: SEM of shell and (typical valvatid) protoconch figured by
+ Valvata helicoides Loriol & Jaccard, 1865
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality (according to
Remarks: (1) Refigured and synonymy by
(2) Valvata helicoides Loriol & Jaccard, 1865 is a junior homonym of Valvata helicoides Stoliczka, 1862, thus
(3) However, “Valvata helicoides de Loriol, 1865“ was designated as type species of Provalvata Bandel, 1991, the type genus of Provalvatidae Bandel, 1991.
(4)
+ Valvata kupensis var. hellenica Tournouër, 1877 (non Valvata (Cincinna) hellenica Westerlund, 1898)
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene, Sarakos Formation.
Type locality: Island of Rhodos, Greece.
Remarks: SEM photos of the protoconch (cf.
Valvata (Cincinna) hellenica Westerlund, 1898 (non Valvata kupensis var. hellenica Tournouër, 1877)
Original source:
Lectotype (#4667a) in the Naturhistoriska Museet Göteborg, Sweden, together with two paralectotypes (#4667b), designated by
Type locality: Vyteria in Arkadia, Greece.
Remarks: Currently regarded as junior synonym of Daphniola exigua (Schmidt, 1856) (Hydrobiidae), see
Valvata helvetica Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Lac Morat, Switzerland.
+ Valvata hidasensis Kókay, 1967
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Badenian.
Type locality: Hidas (Komitat Baranya), Bakony mountains, Hungary.
Holotype: Hungary National Museum Natural History #M.66.965.
Remarks:
Valvata (Costovalvata) hirsutecostata Poliński, 1929
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Ohrid, 20–30 m, Macedonia (only this side of the lake was studied).
Remarks: Anatomy has been studied by
“Valvata histricus” (GNI)
Probably confused with Paludina histrica Gould, 1861; currently Viviparus histricus (Gould, 1861).
+ Valvata hoernesi Penecke, 1886
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene, Dacian – Romanian.
Type locality: Repušnica, Slavonia, Croatia.
Valvata cristata hokkaidoensis Miyadi, 1935
Original source:
Type locality: Tôro–ko, Hokkaido, Japan.
Holotype: According to
Remarks: Live movie at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6p3w4WWgG4
+ Valvata homalogyra Brusina, 1874: 90.
Original source:
Type horizon: Neogene, layer of grey marl.
Type locality: Ruduša, Dalmatia, Croatia.
+ Valvata utahensis horatii Baily & Baily, 1951
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene.
Type locality: Lifton, Ideal Beach, Great Basin, Idaho, USA.
Holotype: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia #187689.
+ Valvata (Valvata) huailinensis Yü & Pan, 1982
Original source:
Type horizon: Eocene.
Type locality: Uhuo Xian, Hebei Province, China.
Holotype depicted at: www.nimrf.net.cn/ept/eptDataDetail.action?ptzyh=2332C0001000005344
Valvata humeralis Say, 1829
Original source:
Type locality: Mexico.
Types: not traced.
Remarks from www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/189646/0: Recent surveys of this species across western USA found no morphologically similar specimens to the holotype, which is from Mexico. This suggests that individuals thought to be Valvata humeralis from the US may be a different species, and Valvata humeralis may actually be restricted to Mexico (
For genetic differences to Valvata utahensis see Miller et al. (2006).
+ Aphanotylus humeratus Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
“Valvata humerosa Say, 1829“ mentioned in Menke (1834: 128).
Misspelling of Valvata humeralis Say, 1829.
+ Valvata humilis Fritzsche, 1924
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: limestone of Miraflores, near Potosi, Bolivia.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) hydrobiaeformis Cossmann, 1919
Original source:
Type horizon: Eocene.
Type locality: Bois-Gouët, Lower Loire, Bretagne, France.
+ Valvata idahoensis Taylor, 1981 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Honey Lake, Lassen County, California, USA.
Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata multicarinata Yen, 1946 (non Hislop, 1860).
+ Valvata ilici Brusina, 1894
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene – Pliocene, Pannonian (Portaferrian).
Type locality: Okrugljak, near Zagreb, Croatia.
+ Valvata sincera illinoisensis Baker, 1930
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene.
Type locality: near the west end of Crystal McHenry County, Illinois, USA.
Valvata imhofi Clessin, 1887
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Garda, Trentino, Italy.
“Valvata imperialis Bourguignat, 1884” (GNI, ION)
Probably confused with Viviparus imperialis Bourguignat, 1884.
“Valvata impura Stentz / Ziegler“ (GNI: “Valvata impura Ziegl.”)
cited in
cited by Systax data–base for the Löbbecke Museum Düsseldorf with locality “Austria, Carinthia, Klagenfurt”.
Paludina impura obtusa Menke, 1830 was regarded as synonym to Valvata contorta subovata Menke, 1845 by
Remarks: As outlined by
+ Valvata incerta Yen, 1947
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Salt Lake Group, ” about 14 miles northwest of Logan, Northern Utah, USA.
Valvata inconspicua Adams, 1850
Original source:
Type locality: Jamaica.
Remarks: The types from the Museum of Camparative Zoology (Harvard) were studied and the holotype (#185089) was figured by
+ Valvata indecisa Cossmann, 1924
Original source:
Type horizon: Paleocene, Danian.
Type locality: Belgium.
Remarks:
+ Valvata inflata Sandberger, 1875
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene.
Type locality: Bligny, Département de Merne, France.
+ Valvata inflexa Deshayes, 1862
Original source:
Type horizon: Eocene.
Type locality: Bernon, près Epernay Basin de Paris, France.
Valvata tricarinata var. infracarinata Vanatta, 1915
Original source:
Type locality: White Pond, NJ (USA).
Holotype: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia (ANSP) No. 12087.
Valvata (Cincinna) innesi Pallary, 1901
Original source:
Type locality: l’Ouady Feiran, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt.
Valvata (Ohridotropidina) relicta interlithonis Hadžišce, 1956
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Ohrid, Macedonia.
Valvata intermedia Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Lago di Como near Bellagio, Lombardia, Italy.
Remarks: The WMSDB regards the taxon as synonym to Valvata cristata Müller, 1774.
+ Borysthenia intermedia Kondrashov, 2007
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Pleistocene of Oka-Don Plain.
Type locality: Novokhopersk, right bank of Khoper river, Voronezh region, Russia.
+ Valvata interposita De Stefani, 1880
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene.
Type locality: Pacciona, Val de Tresa (Verri) near Lago Lugano, Italy.
Remarks:
+ Pachystoma involutum Tausch, 1886
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous, “Gosaumergel”.
Type locality: Csinger valley near Ajka, Bakony, Hungary.
Remarks:
+ Cincinna (Atropidina) cobalcescui ismailense [sic: should be ismailensis, since Cincinna is feminine] Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 80, pl. 72: fig. 5–6.
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Maeotian.
Type locality: Izmajil Region, Ukraine.
Cincinna iturupensis Prozorova, 1898 (in
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Dobroye, Iturup Island, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
+ Valvata jaccardi Locard, 1893
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: Le Locle (Canton Neuchatel) and midi de Vicques (Canton Bern), both Switzerland.
+ Cincinna (Cincinna) bugense jagorliticus [sic: should be bugensis jagorlitica, since Cincinna is feminine] Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 76, pl. 67: figs 1–3.
Type horizon: Upper Miocene – Maeotian.
Type locality: bay of Jagorlyk, district of Pridnestrowje, Moldawia.
+ Borysthenia jalpuchense [sic: should be jalpuchensis, since Borysthenia is feminine] Gozhik, 2002
Original source:
Type horizon: Miocene, Pontian.
Type locality: ?? (not seen).
Valvata japonica Martens, 1877
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Hakone, Japan.
Types not traced. Possibly in Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (fide
Remarks: Live movie at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-GvcF8kOco
Valvata jelskii Crosse, 1863
Original source:
Type locality: River Dnieper, near Kiev, Ukraina.
Holotype: Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) jiangsuensis Yü, 1977 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous.
Type locality: Jiangsu Province, China.
+ Amplovalvata jingguensis Pan, 1977
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.
Type locality: Jinggu County, Yunnan Province, China.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) joncheryensis Wenz, 1930
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene.
Type locality (according to Deshayes, 1862): Jouchery, Gueux, Rilly, Basin de Paris, France.
Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata parvula Deshayes, 1862 (not Meek & Hayden, 1856).
“Valvata judaica“ mentioned in
Remarks:
+ Valvata juliae Scholz & Glaubrecht, 2010
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene, Koobi Fora Formation.
Type locality: Turkana Basin, Northern Kenya.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) circinata var. jurana Jodot, 1954
Original source:
Type horizon: Ludién, Eocene.
Type locality: 9 km north of Lélex, Département Ain, France.
+ Valvata jurassica Branson, 1935
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Morrison Formation.
Type locality: 3 miles south of Mayoworth, Wyoming, USA.
+ Pentagoniostoma jurassicum Branson, 1935
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Morrisson Formation.
Type locality: 3 miles south of Mayoworth, Wyoming, USA.
+ Aphanotylus jurassicus Pan, 1980 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.
Type locality: Zhejiang, Southern Anhui, China.
+ Valvata (Borysthenia) juxi Schlickum & Strauch, 1979
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene - brown coal area.
Type locality: Bergheim (abandoned opencast mine Fortuna-Garsdorf), Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.
+ Valvata kamirensis Willmann, 1981
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene, Salakos Formation.
Type locality: 2 km west of Kamiros ruins, Island of Rhodos, Greece.
Remarks: Note the high polymorphism of this species.
Cincinna kamchatica Prozorova & Starobogatov, 1998
Original source:
Type locality: Eastern Kamchatka, small pond on Bolshoi Kamchatskyi Island in the valley of Kamchatka River, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg.
+ Valvata (Mesovalvata) karameilica Wei, 1984
Original source:
Type horizon: ??
Type locality: Xinjiang Province, China.
+ Valvata kavusani Schütt & Kavusan, 1984
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: top of the pass Kozluca, between Bali and Harmancık near Kütahya – Bursa in northwestern Anatolia, Turkey.
Valvata khedivialis Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type localities: “Bords du lac Timsah, dans l’isthme de Suez; sur les rives du lac Moeris, au Fayoun, et sur celles du lac Mariout, près Alexandrie”; all Egypt.
Cincinna kizakikoensis Fujita & Habe, 1991
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Kizaki (also found in Lake Nakazuna), Nagano Prefecture, Honshu, Japan.
Holotype and paratypes deposited at National Science Museum Tokyo (NSMT–Mo 69606).
Valvata (Costovalvata) klemmi Schütt, 1962
Original source:
Type locality: South border of Lake Trigonis/Trichonida near Agrinio (Bodina), Aetolia, Greece.
Holotype: Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt/Main #166762.
Remarks:
“Valvata (Atropidina) klinensis Milaschewitch, 1881“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata fluviatilis var. kliniensis Milachevich, 1881.
Valvata fluviatilis var. kliniensis Milachevich, 1881
Original source:
Figured by Gozhik (2007: pl. 68: figs 5–7).
Type locality: “Moujevo” (vicinities of Moscow), Russia.
Syntypes: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg.
Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) klucharevae Starobogatov, 1985
Original source:
Type locality: Southern Sakhalin Island, near Bousset lagoon, Bolshoj Vavaj Lake, depth 2.4 m, between Kamschatka Peninsula and Japan, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
+ Valvata (Tropidina) kochi Pavlović, 1932
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene−Pleistocene, Metohija Series.
Type locality: Topličane (“blue marne Levantines near Topelić”), Metohija basin, Kosovo.
Also figured by
Valvata (Cincinna) korotnevi Lindholm, 1909
Original source:
Type locality: Angarskyi sor (northern Baikal), Russia.
Lectotype designated by
Megalovalvata kozhovi Sitnikova, 1983
Original source:
Type locality: Zavorotnaya Bay (western coast of northern Baikal), Russia.
Holotype at Zoological Institut of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Valvata kugleri Forcart, 1948
Original source:
Holotype and paratypes in Naturmuseum Basel, Switzerland #2631.
www.nmb.bs.ch/typenkatalog_mollusken_internetversion_korrekturen.xls
Type locality: Pota Juela, Cumarebo, Falcon, Venezuela
Remarks: Currently (GNI) considered as Nanivitrea kugleri (Forcart, 1948) cf.
Valvata kukunorica Sturany, 1900
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Kuku–nor (today Qinghai Lake) in Nan-Shan mountains, Tibet.
“Valvata kunkunorica” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata kukunorica Sturany, 1900 (not listed in GNI).
+ Valvata kupensis Fuchs, 1870
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Upper Pannonian.
Type locality: near Kúp, Pápa, Hungary.
Valvata lacustris Clessin, 1877
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Geneva, 50–100 m, Switzerland.
Remarks: According to
Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis var. ladogaensis Lindholm, 1912
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Ladoga (1) entry of river Kabona, between the channels; (2) Bay of Wolchow (vis–à-vis of entry of river Sjäss), northwestern Russia.
“Valvata piscinalis var. ladogensis Lindholm, 1912“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis var. ladogaensis Lindholm, 1912.
Valvata (Pseudomegalovalvata) laethmophila Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975
Original source:
Type locality: near Listvennichnoe, Baikal Lake, depth 1380 m, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
+ Microcyclas lamellosus Raspail, 1909
Original source:
Type horizon: Eocene.
Type locality: Vouast, près Montjavoult, Dept. Oise, France.
Remarks: Type species (by monotypy) of genus Microcyclas Raspail, 1909.
+ Valvata landereri Hermite, 1879
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Eocene.
Type locality: Sineu, Mallorca, Spain.
Remarks: According to the (not round) aperture probably not a valvatid.
+ Valvata larteti Bourguignat, 1881
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene - calcaire marneux.
Type locality: colline de Sansan, west of Toulouse, France.
Remarks: with 9 mm shell size probably no Valvata.
Valvata (Cincinna) andreana var. latior Menzel, 1904
Original source:
Type horizon: post–glacial.
Type locality: Wallensen near Salzhemmendorf, Kreis Hameln, Niedersachsen; and Alfeld / Leine, Niedersachsen, Germany.
Remarks: Based on fossil types, but considered as extant by
“Valvata piscinalis var. latius umbilicata“ or „late umbilicata“ mentioned in
Locality: Ebenthaler Allee (avenue) near Klagenfurt, Carinthia, Austria.
Remarks: Note the similar (available) name Valvata umbilicata Servain, 1881.
Valvata (Atropidina) lauta Lindholm, 1909
Original source:
Type localities: Tschiwyrkuikji Saliw; opposite to entry of river Angara (Dagarskaja Guba); bay of Besimennaja, 10 Werst (10, 6 km) from village Gorjatschinskoje, all Lake Baikal, Russia.
Lectotype designated by
+ Valvata leduensis Li, 1988
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous, Minhe Formation.
Type locality: Xining-Minhe Basin of Qinghai, China.
+ Valvata leei Logan, 1900
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Morrison Formation.
Type locality: Freeze–out Hills, Wyoming, USA.
Valvata lenticularis Küster, 1856.
Original source:
Type locality: Sediment of river Regnitz near Bamberg, Germany.
+ Valvata leopoldi Boissy, 1848
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Paleocene, Thanetian.
Type locality: Calcaire de Rilly–la–Montagne: near Reims, France.
+ Valvata leptonema Brusina, 1892
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Markuševec (Zagreb), Croatia.
+ Valvata leptopomoides Reuss, 1868
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene, Eggenburgian.
Type locality: freshwater limestone of Tuchořice, Bohemia, Czech Republic.
Remarks: currently Craspedompoma leptopomoides (Reuss, 1868) (Pomatiasidae).
+ Valvata lessonae Sacco, 1886
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene.
Type locality: Fossano, Piemont, Italy.
“Valvata letourneuxi“ mentioned in
Remarks:
However, as outlined by
+ Valvata (Tropidina) levantica Halaváts, 1889
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene–Lower Pleistocene.
Type locality: “Nagy András János” - fountain (artesic) in Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary.
Remarks: The large size (9 mm high, 10 mm wide) and the shell shape both make a valvatid nature unlikely.
Valvata lewisi Currier, 1868
Original source:
Type locality: Grattam, Kent (Michigan), USA.
Types: not traced.
Remarks: Vernacular name “fringed valvata”. Replacment name for Valvata striata Lewis, 1856, not Philippi, 1836 (p. 147, pl. 8: fig. 3a–c; Tornidae). It is improbable that this American species is identical with the Siberian ones reported by
Radula (rhachis tooth) figured by Baker (1928: 28).
+ Valvata (Atropidina) liaoxiensis Yü, 1987
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: Western Liaoning Province, China.
Valvata lietuvensis Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987
Original source:
Type locality: Vyshtitis Lake, at the border of Kaliningrad district and Lithuania. Holotype: Zoological Institut, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Valvata lilljeborgi Westerlund, 1897
Original source:
Type locality: “Suecia in fluvio Fyrisån ad Upsala”, Sweden.
Syntypes in Naturalhistoriska Museet Göteborg (AN 4654) (
“Valvata limpida” (GNI, ION)
Possibly an error for Vitrina limpida Gould, 1850.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) lorentheyi Wenz, 1928
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Szegzárd, Kom. Tolna, Hungary.
Remarks: According to
+ Valvata loryana Loriol, 1865
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic / Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: Villers-Le-Lac, northwest of Neuchâtel, France.
Remarks: Designated by monotypy as type species of valvatid genus Loriolina Huckriede, 1967.
+ Valvata lucici Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene-Pleistocene, Dacian-Romanian.
Type locality: Čerević (Fruška Gora), Serbia.
Paludina lustrica Say, 1821
Original source:
Type locality: Shore of Cayuga Lake, New York, U.S.A.
Remarks: (1) Listed as “Valvata lustrica m. (Padulina lustrica Say)” by
(2)
(3) Interestingly,
“Valvata maackei Gerstf.“ mentioned in
As stated by
Valvata macei Locard, 1884
Original source:
Type locality: Saint-Martin de Varreville (Departement de la Manche), France.
Valvata macrostoma Mörch, 1864
Original source:
Type locality: “Talrig i en Mosegröft paa sognefogdens Lod i Rudi (Stb.); Sorösö [Sorø] (Stp.); Viborgsö [Viborg] (Fedd.)” Midtjylland, Danmark.
Types: According to
Remarks: “Valvata macrostoma Steenbuch” in
For life cycle see
+ Amplovalvata magna Pan, 1980
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.
Type locality: Zhejiang, Southern Anhui, China
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=36293
+ Valvata magniumbilicata Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
“Valvata alpestris var. major” in
Locality: Lac de Joux, Kanton Waadt, Switzerland.
“Valvata major Gredl.” http://zipcodezoo.com/Animals/V/Valvata_major/ (also GNI).
There is a Valvata piscinalis var. minor in
+ Amplovalvata manasensis Zhu, 1994
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.
Type locality: Ziniquanzi, Janggar Basin, Northern Xinjang, China.
+ Borysthenia mankeanaformis Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 75, pl. 65: fig. 1. Expressivly meant as “similar to Borysthenia mankeana [sic]” (i.e. Borysthenia menkeana (Jelski, 1863)).
Type horizon: Pleistocene (Alluvium VIII. Terrace).
Type locality: river Dnjestr near village Velikaya Kosnitza, Ukraine.
+ Amplovalvata mansueta Pan, 1982
Original source: Pan 1982: ??, figs 3–4 (not seen, not listed in Zoological Record).
Type horizon: Jurassic.
Type locality: Artesian springs, Sichuan Jiangyou County Kang, Sichuan Basin, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=53438
+ Valvata marginata Michaud, 1855
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene, Zanclean («Plaisancien»).
Type locality: Hauterive, Département de Drôme, France.
Remarks: Type species of Pachystoma Sandberger, 1875 and of Oncostoma Brusina, 1894 (see there).
“Valvata mariae“ mentioned in
Locality: Pliocene - Pleistocene, Ptolemaida, West-Macedonia, Greece.
Remarks: This PhD–Thesis, in which 35 species are ostendibley described, does not meet the conditions of ICZN Art. 8.1.3 and 9.9. Accordingly, this name is not available.
“Valvata margine columellari” (GNI)
Probably misinterpreted from a Latin description, not a binominal name.
“Valvata marmorata”, “Valvata marmorea”, “Valvata marmoreus” (GNI, ION)
Probably all errors for Cochlea mormorea Swammerdam, 1737 (p. 185, pl. 10: fig. 2), according to
Valvata maroccana Pallary, 1904
Original source:
Type locality: Morocco, north–west Africa.
Remarks: According to the figures with certainty not a Valvata, but I could not find any subsequent determination of current systematic position of this species.
+ Valvata lewisi mccolli LaRocque, 1932
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene - marl of Upper Wisconsin age.
Type locality: Shallow Lake, Ontoario, USA.
“Valvata media“ mentioned in
Valvata tricarinata mediocarinata Baker, 1928
Original source: Baker 1928: 17, pl. 1: fig. 7.
Type locality: Lower Asylum Bay, Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, USA.
Valvata menkeana Jelski, 1863
Original source:
Type locality: “Profonds du Dnieper”, Ukraina.
Lectotype figured in
Remarks: Currently (e.g.
Valvata meretricis Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type localities: (1) Marais du Boucau near Bayonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, (2) “lac de la Négresse” near Bayonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, (3) “Moulins”, Allier, France.
Valvata meridionalis Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Viareggio, Toscana, Italy.
Valvata mergella Westerlund, 1883
Original source:
Type locality: Port Clarence, Alaska, U.S.A.
Syntypes (16 specimens) located in Swedish Museum of Natural History (AN 1640), figured by
Remarks: Vernacular name “rams–horn valvata”. This taxon is also listed by Kantor et al. (2010) for Russia, but it is uncertain, whether the American and the Russian specimens are conspecific.
+ Valvata menyinensis Yen, 1969
Original source:
Type horizon: “Higher than Men-Ying of Lower Cretaceous”, Kuan-Chuang-Series.
Type locality: Meng-Yin–valley (Kuan-Chuang), Shantung, North China.
+ Valvata michaudi Deshayes, 1862
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Eocene.
Type locality: Caumont, Mareul–en-Dole, Basin de Paris, France.
Valvata michleri Kuščer, 1932
Original source:
Type locality: Ljubljanica spring, Mocilnik, Slovenia.
Remarks: According to
Valvata micra Pilsbry & Ferriss, 1906
Original source:
Type locality: Guadeloup River, Texas, USA.
Syntypes at Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia #91322. Syntypes from locality 6 are figured by
Remarks:
Valvata micrometrica Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type Locality: «Fontaine du Camarde, près de Valence dans Gers», France.
Remarks:
Valvata microscopica Nevill, 1877
Original source:
Type locality: brackish–water pond near Port Canning, India.
Remarks: According to
“Valvata (Tropidina) microstoma” mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata macrostoma Mörch, 1864.
Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) sibirica middendorffi Starobogatov & Zatravkin, 1985
Original source:
Type locality: Amur river, Siberia, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
“Valvata miliaria Ziegler“ mentioned in
One of the many label names of Ziegler and Parreys (see above at Valvata impura) for Amnicola miliaria Parreys, today Pseudoamnicola miliaria (Frauenfeld, 1863) (Amnicolidae).
+ Valvata minima Hislop, 1859 (non Fuchs, 1877)
Original source:
Type horizon: Tertiary.
Type locality: Little Tisti, Karwad, Butárá, East India.
+ Valvata minima Fuchs, 1877 (non Hislop, 1859)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene.
Type locality: Megara, Greece.
Remarks: This species is a junior homonym of Valvata minima Hislop, 1859.
“Valvata alpestris var. minor“ mentioned in
Locality: Postglacial; Vallée de Joux, Kanton Waadt, Switzerland.
+ Valvata piscinalis var. minor De Stefani, 1877
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene.
Type locality: Spoleto (Pananelli), Umbria, Italy.
Valvata baicalensis forma minor Lindholm, 1909
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Baikal, Russia.
Types unknown.
+ Valvata minuscula Yen & Reeside, 1946
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Morrison Formation.
Type locality: Sublette County, Wyoming, USA.
Holotype: U.S. National Museum #103.799.
Valvata minuta Draparnaud, 1805 (non Valvata (Atropidina) minuta Yü, 1987)
Original source:
Type material: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien #1820/XXVI/21 7.33; cf.
Type locality: Source de l’Ain, France (cf.
Remarks: Detailed comment by
+ Valvata (Atropidina) minuta Yü, 1987 (non Valvata minuta Draparnaud, 1805)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: Western Liaoning Province, China.
+ Costovalvata minuta Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
Valvata minutissima Wattebled, 1884
Original source:
Type locality: “L’arroyo de Long-Xuyen”, Mekong Delta, Vietnam.
“Valvata mischleri Kuščer, 1933“ mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata michleri Kuščer, 1932.
+ Valvata moesiensis Jekelius, 1944
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Soceni (Banat), Romania.
Remarks: According to
+ Amnicola moguntina Boettger, 1884
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene, Burgidalian.
Type locality: Niederrad (part of Frankfurt/Main), Hessen, Germany.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) molnarae Soós, 1955
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene – Lower Pliocene.
Type locality: Kocs (Szendi-Street), Hungary.
+ Valvata monachorum Bukowski, 1895
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: marl and/or chalk near Monastery Skhiadi, Rhodus Island, Greece.
Remarks: Lectotype figured by
“Valvata mongazoniana Servain” (nomen nudum)
Remarks: Mentioned in
+ Valvata montanaensis Meek, 1876
Original source: Meek 1876: 591, textfigs 81–83.
Type horizon: Latest Cretaceous.
Type locality: mouth of Judith River on Upper Missouri, Montana, USA.
Valvata montenegrina Glöer & Pesic, 2008
Original source:
Types: Holotype and 3 paratpyes in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (#37584), paratypes also in private collection of P. Glöer.
Valvata monterosati Westerlund, 1883
Original source:
Type locality: Sicily, Italy.
“Valvata moquini” mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata moquiniana Dupuy, 1851 (no reasoning for a replacement name).
Valvata moquiniana Dupuy, 1851
Original source:
Type locality: “les alluvions du Lot, près de Mende, Département de Lozère, France.
Remarks: (1)
(2)
(3) Type species of Globuliana Paladilhe, 1866 (Hydrobiidae)by subsequent designation under ICZN Art. 70.3. by
“Amplovalvata morrisonensis“ mentioned in
Valvata mucronata Menke, 1830
Original source:
Type locality: Island of Madeira, Portugal.
Remarks: Erroneously attributed to “Menke, 1845” at animal base www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/speciestaxon?id=15908
Valvata muelleri Leach, 1852
Original source:
Type localities: “common in ponds around London and Bristol… some of the pond near Edinbough” and many others throughout Europe based on the synonymy list. Specification requires type selection.
Remarks: According to the original description “diameter 3/16 of an inch [= 4.7 mm]; animal black, tentacles, lateral appendages and lobes of the foot pale bluish–black, terminating with hyaline, eyes very black”, probably Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bithyniidae).
+ Valvata multicarinata Hislop, 1859 (non Yen, 1946)
Original source:
Type horizon: Tertiary.
Type locality: Little Tisti, Karwad, Butárá, East India.
Remarks: The valvatid nature of this taxon was doubted by
+ Valvata multicarinata Yen, 1946 (non Hislop, 1859)
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Honey Lake, Lassen County, California, USA.
Remarks: A junior homonym of Valvata multicarinata Hislop, 1859, thus replaced by Valvata idahoensis Taylor, 1981 (see there).
+ Liratina multicarinata Yü, 1974
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Jurassic.
Type locality: Jiangyou, Sichuan Province, southwest China.
+ Paludina multiformis Zieten, 1830
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene.
Type locality: Steinheim Basin; Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Remarks: (1) + Valvata multiformis according to
(2) Nomenclatural situation unclear: The name was made available (ICZN Art. 12.2.7, Glossary “taxon: a taxon encompasses al included taxa of lower rank”), but not based on types (Art 72.4.1), so without identity. Same situation as in Helix draparnaldi (ICZN Opinion 336 and 1924, name was regarded as available) and Helix barbata (Op. 1691, name was not regarded as available). It is recommended that this gap should be closed in the next edition of the Code, preferably in a sense that ICZN Art. 74.2.1 will be amended to rule that such names should be based on all types of the included subordinate variants.
Helix nana Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824 (non Helix nana Pennant, 1777 from Britain; non Helix spiriplana var. nana Mousson, 1861: 125)
Original source:
Type locality: not provided.
Remarks: According to figures identical to Helix tricarinata Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824 (see there) and probably a synonym to Valvata cristata.
+ Valvata nana Meek, 1873 (non Westerlund, 1886; non Li, 1984)
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: Carleton’s coal mine, Coalville, Utah, USA.
Valvata nana Westerlund, 1886 (non Meek, 1873, non Li, 1984) (under subgenus Tropidina)
Original source:
Type locality: Zealand, Denmark.
Syntype (1 specimen) in Naturalhistoriska Museet Göteborg, Sweden (AN 4679), and (1 specimen) in Swedish Museum of Natural History (AN 14: 96) figured by
Remarks: A junior homonym of Valvata nana Meek, 1873.
+ Valvata nana Li, 1984 (non Meek, 1873; non Westerlund, 1886)
Original source:
Type locality: Lower Tertiary; Lingboa Basin of Henan Province, China.
Remarks: A junior homonym of Valvata nana Meek, 1873.
Valvata naticina Menke, 1845
Original source:
Type locality: “Hungaria, ad Pestinum” [Danube at Budapest], Hungary.
Types: Menke’s collection was dispersed after his death (
Remarks: Currently considered as Borysthenia naticina (Menke, 1845). For anatomy, histology, and reproduction biology see
+ Protovalvata naticiformis Pană, 2000
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Creatceous, Barremian and Berriasian.
Type locality: Ostrov – the southern border of Bugeac Lake, Romania.
+ Valvata neglecta Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Rădmănești, Romania.
+ Valvata nevadensis Taylor, 1981
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Honey Lake, Lassen County, California, USA.
+ Valvata vanciana var. neyronensis Locard, 1883
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Pliocene, Plaisancien.
Type locality: Bas Neyron, Département de Ain, France.
Valvata nilotica Jickeli, 1874
Original source:
Type locality: Mahmudi Canal, Nile river near Alexandria, Egypt.
“Valvata nitens Westerlund, 1877” (GNI, ION)
Possibly confused with Helix nitens Michaud, 1831 in
“Valvata nitida” (GNI)
Probably an erroneous combination of Planorbis nitida Müller, 1774, currently considered as Segmentina nitida (Müller, 1774) (Planorbidae).
Valvata bicarinata normalis Walker, 1902
Original source:
Type locality: Muscatine, Iowa and Utica, Illinois, USA.
Remarks: Radula shown in Baker (1928: 20).
Valvata nowshahrensis Glöer & Pešic, 2012
Original source:
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:944E6EE3-B23C-43FB-A305-882A4D4CF3D9
http://species–id.net/wiki/Valvata_nowshahrensis
Type locality: Mazandaran Province, Nowshahr City, pond near the Caspian Sea, 51°31'E, 36°38'N, 18 June 2005; Iran.
Holotype Zoological Museum Hamburg #79376.
Valvata (Liratina) piligera var. nudicarinata Lindholm, 1924
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Baikal, Russia.
Lectotype designated by
Valvata micra var. nugax Pilsbry & Ferriss, 1906
Original source:
Type locality: Guadeloup River, Texas, USA.
Remarks: On basis of anatomy
Valvata sincera var. nylanderi Dall, 1905
Original source:
Type locality: Aroostook Co., Maine, USA.
Holotype: U.S. National Museum #150617.
Remarks: Radula shown by
+ Amplovalvata obliqua Pan, 1982 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.
Type locality: Atlas Shanganning, China.
Nerita obtusa “Müll.” Studer, 1789
Original source: Studer 1789: 391 (presented as “Nerita obtusa MULL. 358 sive Piscinalis”).
Remarks: Studer 1789: 391 established the new name and provided a bibliographical reference to
+ Valvata (Cincinna) obtusaeformis Lörenthey, 1906
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Öcs, north of Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Cyclostoma obtusum Draparnaud, 1801
Original source:
Type locality: “France septemtrionale”.
Types possibly in Naturhistorisches Museum Vienna (
Remarks:
Valvata (Atropidina) ochridana Poliński, 1929
Original source:
Type locality: According to
Remarks: Type species of Pseudohoratia Radoman, 1967 (Hydrobiidae), see
+ Valvata octonaria Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian, horizon of Lyrecaea (Melanopsis).
Type locality: Lake Balaton, Tihany, Hungary.
+ Valvata (Valvata) simplex oecsensis Soós, 1934
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Upper Pannonian.
Type locality: Öcs, north of Lake Balaton, Remarks: SEM of shell and (typically valvatid) protoconch were depicted by
+ Valvata ogerieni Locard, 1883
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Pliocene.
Type locality: Le Villard, Domsure, Département de l’Ain, France.
Remarks: Cited as “Valvata ogerieni Loc.” in
“Valvata olgae“ mentioned in
Horizon: Pliocene-Pleistocene.
Locality: Ptolemaida, West Macedonia, Greece.
Remarks: This PhD–Thesis PhD–Thesis, in which 35 species are ostendibley described, does not meet the conditions of ICZN Art. 8.1.3 and 9.9. Accordingly, this name is not available.
Valvata (Pseudomegalovalvata) olkhonica Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975
Original source:
Type locality: Kharin-Irgi Bay (Oikhon Gates) (Baikal Lake), depth 32–39 m, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue.
Valvata lewisi var. ontariensis Baker, 1931
Original source:
Type locality: Shakespeare Island Lake, Ontario, Canada.
Types: Museum of Natural History University of Illinois #Z31241; Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia #153471.
Remarks: According to
“Valvata sincera ontariensis Baker, 1931” (WMSDB).
Erroneous spelling of Valvata lewisi var. ontariensis Baker, 1931
“Valvata opaca” www.naturamediterraneo.com/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=40300 at the “Check–list Pen. Iberica con sinonimie”
Probably confused with Paludinella opaca M. von Gallenstein, 1848, currently regarded as a Bythinella (Hydrobiidae).
+ Valvata oregonensis Hanna, 1922
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Pliocene; Warner Lake Beds, Oregon, USA.
Holotype figured at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valvata_oregonensis
Remarks:
+ Valvata orientalis Fischer, 1866
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: Sarayköy (= Saraïkoï) near Denizli (vallée du Méandre), western Asian, Turkey.
+ Valvata ottiliae Penecke, 1886
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene - Pleistocene.
Type locality: Dacian-Romanian; Repušnica, southeast of Zagreb, Croatia.
Remarks:
“Valvata ouscubakus Nykk., 1895”.
Error probably caused by text recognition software pro “Valvata piscinalis Müll. 1774” attributed at http://content.lib.washington.edu/ to fig. 66 for
+ Valvata (Costovalvata) pagana Bulić & Jurišić, 2009
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene.
Type locality: Crnika, Island of Pag, Croatia.
+ Valvata palmotići Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene, Dacian-Romanian.
Type locality: Mali Poganac near Lepavina, Croatia.
“Valvata piscinalis var. paludinaeformis“ mentioned in
Horizon: Tertiary.
Locality: Mainzer Becken; Germany.
“Valvata palustris” (GNI)
Possibly an erroneous combination for Lymnaea palustris Müller, 1774, currently considered as Stagnicola palustris (Müller, 1774) (Lymnaeidae).
Valvata (Cincinna) pamirensis Starobogatov, 1972
Original source:
Type locality: Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region, Shaimak, 7 km from Kyzyl-Ravat, warm spring on right bank of the Aksu River, Tajik SSR.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Remarks: Genital details are shown by
“Valvata panagile” mentioned in
Locality: Pliocene – Pleistocene; Ptolemaida, West-Macedonia, Greece.
Remarks: This PhD–Thesis PhD–Thesis, in which 35 species are ostendibley described, does not meet the conditions of ICZN Art. 8.1.3 and 9.9. Accordingly, this name is not available.
Valvata panormitana Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: near Palermo, Sicily, Italy.
Valvata parva Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: on la trouve à Viareggio, Italy.
+ Valvata parviumbilicata Wang, 1977 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous.
Type locality: Jiangsu Province, China.
+ Valvata parvula Meek & Hayden, 1856 (non Deshayes, 1862)
Original source:
Type horizon: Tertiary.
Type locality: “3 miles below Fort Union” (a historical post-side) on the Missouri River at the North Dakota/Montana border, USA.
Remarks: Seemingly replaced by + Valvata subparvula Cossmann, 1921.
+ Valvata parvula Deshayes, 1862 (non Meek & Hayden, 1856)
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene.
Type locality: Jonchery, Gueux, Rilly, Basin de Paris, France.
Remarks: Replaced by + Valvata (Cincinna) joncheryensis Wenz, 1930: 65 (see there).
Valvata (Megalovalvata) lauta var. parvula Kozhov, 1936 (not + Valvata parvula Meek & Hayden, 1856, not + Valvata parvula Deshayes, 1862).
Original source:
Type locality: Davsha Inlet, 9 fathoms (eastern coast of northern Baikal), Russia.
Lectotype designated by
Valvata humeralis var. patzcuarensis Pilsbry, 1899
Original source:
Type locality: Lago de Patzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico.
Remarks: Probably a lake variety of Valvata humeralis Say, 1829.
“Valvata humeralis var. patzcuaroensis Pilsbry, 1899”
Misspelling of Valvata humeralis var. patzcuarensis Pilsbry, 1899 at page 195 at www.flmnh.ufl.edu/malacology/mexico-central_america_snail_checklist/part1.htm
+ Valvata paula Pierce, 1993
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Oligocene – Lower Cabbage.
Type locality: Powel County, Montana, USA.
Holotype at http://invertebratepaleontology.biodiversity.ku.edu/galleries/kumip-holotypes-pierce-1993#photo-1 (first photo)
+ Valvata (Cincinna) paviai Schlickum & Strauch, 1979
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene, brown coal area.
Type locality: Bergheim (abandoned opencast mine Fortuna-Garsdorf), Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.
Valvata pedderi Smith, 1973
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Edgar (part of Lake Pedder), Tasmania.
Holotype: Tasmanian Museum #E8543.
Type species of Striadorbis Ponder & Avern, 2000 (Euthyneura - Glacidorbidae), see
+ Valvata peneckei Brusina, 1892
Original source:
Type locality: Pliocene, Paludina–layers; Repusnica, Slavonia.
Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata bifrons Neumayr, 1875 sensu
+ Cincinna penglaizhenensis Pan, 1982
Original source: Pan 1982: ??, figs 22–23 (not seen, data from online type catalogue of Nanjing Institute).
Type horizon: Jurassic, Penglaizhen.
Type locality: Penglai town, Sichuan Basin, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=53435
“Valvata penthica” (GNI, ION)
Probably an erroneous combination for Viviparus fasciatus var. penthica Servain, 1884.
Valvata tricarinata perconfusa Walker, 1917
Original source:
Remarks: Replacement name for the preoccupied Valvata confusa Walker, 1902 , from North America, not Valvata confusa Westerlund, 1897, from Siberia.
“Valvata tricarinata perconfuxa Walker” (google)
Misspelling of Valvata tricarinata perconfusa Walker, 1917.
Valvata bicarinata perdepressa Walker, 1906
Original source:
Type locality: South shore (at Michigan City) of Lake Michigan, Indiana, USA.
Remarks: Vernacular name: purplecap valvata.
+ Liratina peronata Pan, 1980 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.
Type locality: Junggar Basin, Fukang County Dahonggou, China
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=36285
“Valvata perroquini” mentioned in
Remarks: clearly refers to Heterocyclus perroquini Crossé, 1872 (Hydrobiidae)
“Valvata persimilis“ mentioned in
Valvata petiti Crosse, 1872
Original source: Crosse 1872: 157, 353–354, pl. 16, fig. 7.
Type locality: Lac de la Grande, Vallée de Kaoris, New Caledonia.
Remarks: According to
Valvata petrettinii Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type localities: “…dans les canaux d’Alexandrie et de Rosette, …… dans les sables de Mandarah, entre Ramleh et la cap Aboukir”, all Egypt.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) petronijevici Miloshevich, 1973
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene, Kosovo Series (topmost horizon).
Type locality: Pećka Bistrica stream outlet, Drsnik region, Metohija Basin, Kosovo.
Valvata pharaonum Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type localities: “Bords du lac Moeris, au Fayoun”, Egypt.
“Valvata phialensis“ mentioned in
Probably an erroneous combination of Bithynia phialensis (Conrad, 1852) and Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774).
+ Valvata (Aegaea) philippsoni Oppenheim, 1891
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene, Chaudian (cf.
Type locality: Arkitsa near Livanates, Greece.
+ Valvata alpestris var. piattii Adami, 1881
Original source:
Type horizon: Post-Pliocene.
Type locality: Torbiera di Polada, Northern Italy.
“Valvata piacinalia” (GNI, ION)
Error caused by text recognition software pro Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774).
+ Valvata (Atropidina) pileiformis Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
Valvata (Liratina) baicalensis var. piligera Lindholm, 1909
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Baikal, around Island Olchon, Russia.
Lectotype designated by
Remarks:
Valvata humeralis var. pilsbryi Martens, 1899
Original source:
Type locality: Lago de Patzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico.
Nerita piscinalis Müller, 1774
Original source:
Type locality: “In piscina horti Fridrichsdalenjis frequens, nec unquam alibi reperi” [frequent in fish ponds of Fridrichsdal], i.e. probably near Copenhagen, Denmark.
Types possibly in Zoological Museum Copenhagen (
Remarks: (1) Anatomy studied by
(2) Ontogeny studied by
(3) SEM photos of shell and radula provided by
(4) Live photos at: http://www.allesumdieschneck.de/html/valvata_piscinalis_piscinalis.html
+ Valvata piscinaloides Michaud, 1855
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene, Zanclean.
Type locality: Hauterive, Département de Drôme, France.
“Valvata piscinnalis Müll.” mentioned in
Misspelling of Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774).
+ Valvata pisidica Oppenheim, 1918
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene – Lower Pleistocene.
Type locality: Eflatun Pınar (= Efflatum-Bunar) at Beysehir Gölü, West-Turkey.
+ Protovalvata plana Pană, 2000
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous, Barremian.
Type locality: Ostrov – the southern border of Bugeac Lake (Lake Gârlita), Northern Dobruja, Romania.
+ Valvata planconcava Pavlović, 1928
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Serbian).
Type locality: Karagača stream (Vrčin SSE Belgrade), Serbia.
“Valvata plaiti” (GNI)
Error caused by text recognition software pro + Valvata alpestris var. piattii Adami, 1881.
+ Valvata planibasis Cossmann, 1899
Original source:
Type horizon: Eocene.
Type locality: Bois-Gouët, Lower Loire, Bretagne, France.
Valvata planorbis Draparnaud, 1801
Original source:
Type locality: France.
Remarks: Generally (e.g.
Valvata planorbulina Paladilhe, 1867
Original source:
Type locality: «dans des alluvions du Lez», France.
Types not traced.
Valvata planulata Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type locality: “Bords du lac Moeris”, Egypt.
Remarks:
However, as outlined by
+ Valvata virens platyceps Pilsbry, 1935
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene.
Type locality: Kettleman Hills, California, USA.
+ Valvata saulcyi pliocaenica Schütt, 1988
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pleistocene (?).
Type locality: left border of Orontes river (Nahr al-Asi), 12 km south of Ğisr aš-Šugur, Syria.
+ Cincinna (Cincinna) piscinalis pliocaenicus [sic] Gozhik, 2007 [should be pliocaenica, since Cincinna is feminine]
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 78, pl. 68: figs 1–4.
Type horizon: Pliocene (Alluvium XI. terrace).
Type locality: river Pruth near Kuzhbovka; Moldavia.
“Cincinna (Cincinna) pliocalnicus“ mentioned in Gozhik (2007: 122).
Misspelling of + Cincinna (Cincinna) piscinalis pliocaenicus Gozhik, 2007.
“Valvata (Ochridotropina) [sic] polinskii” in
As outlined by
+ Valvata politioanei Jekelius, 1944
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Soceni (Banat), Romania.
+ Valvata simplex var. polycincta Lörenthey, 1906
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Upper Pannonian.
Type locality: Tihany, Lake Balaton, Hungary.
+ Valvata polystriata Pavlović, 1928
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Serbian).
Type locality: Karagača stream (Vrčin SSE Belgrade), Serbia.
Valvata pornae Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type localities: (1) Toscana; (2) near St. Germano, Campania, both Italy.
+ Cincinna (Atropidina) cobalcescui porrecta Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 80, pl. 72: figs 1–2.
Type horizon: Upper Miocene – Lower Maeotian.
Type locality: Lower Dnepr, Ukraine.
+ Valvata praecursor Tate, 1873
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic, Infra-Oxfordian.
Type locality: Prince Charles Cave, Portree, Skye Island, Scotland, U.K.
+ Planorbis praecursoris White, 1895
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: 20 miles north of Cokeville, Wyoming, USA.
+ Cincinna (Cincinna) praepiscinalis Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 75. Was before listed and figured as “Valvata ex gr. piscinalis” in
Type horizon: Middle or Upper Miocene – Sarmatian.
Type locality: Mykhailivka (= Michailovka), Ukraine.
+ Valvata lewisii precursor Baker, 1928
Original source: Baker 1928: 136–137.
Type horizon: Pleistocene, Lower Wisconsin.
Type locality: Fulton County, east of Havana, Illinois, USA.
“Valvata priscinalis Wood 1848” (EOL: Location Great Britain).
Misspelling of Valvata piscinalis (Müller, 1774).
+ Valvata (Cincinna) proavia Huckriede, 1967
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Jurassic, Middle Kimmeridge.
Type locality: Kahlberg in the Harz, Germany.
+ Gyraulus procerus Russell, 1952
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Eocene / Lower Oligocene, Kishenehn formation (
Type locality: valley of North Fork of the Flathead River in southeastern British Columbia, Canada.
Valvata profunda Clessin, 1887
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Garda, Trentino, Italy.
Valvata (Pseudovalvata) profundicola Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975
Original source:
Type locality: near Bolsodej Cape [Baikal Lake], depth 300 m, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Remarks: Genital details are depicted by
+ Valvata (Megalovalvata) protopiligera Martinson, 1961
Original source:
Type horizon: ??
Type locality: Tarbagatay, Zabaykalsky Krai (=Trans-Baikal Territory), Eastern Sibiria, Russia.
“?Valvata proxima (Fuchs)“ mentioned in
Confusion with ?Bithynia proxima Fuchs (1870b: 534, pl. 20: figs 34–36).
+ Cincinna (Cincinna) prutulense [sic] Gozhik, 2007 [should be prutulensis, since Cincinna is feminine]
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 77, pl. 73: figs 1–4.
Type horizon: Pliocene (Alluvium).
Type locality: river Yalpug near the village Kotlovina (Bolboaka), district of Odessa, Ukraine.
+ Valvata pseudoadeorbis Sinzov, 1880
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Simbirsk and Saratov governments, Russia.
Remarks: (1) + Valvata pseudoadeorbis Sinzov, 1880 from the Eastern Paratethys (like the type locality) has been recently considered to be a hydrobiid by
(2) “Valvata (Aphanotylus) pseudo-adeorbis Sinz. (?)” used in
“Valvata (?Aphanotylus) pseudoadeorboides Sinzow“ mentioned in
Consistent misspelling of Valvata pseudoadeorbis Sinzow, 1880, but cited to “Sinzow, 1883: pages, 78 and 93”.
+ Valvata pseudoalpestris Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene, Dacian-Romanian.
Type locality: Rešetari, Slavonia, Croatia.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis var. pseudoantiqua Settepassi, 1965 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Quaternary.
Type locality: C. Sisti (Pontecorvo), Southern Latium, Romania.
Valvata pulchella Studer, 1789 (in
Original source:
Type locality: “Umgebung des Bielersee’s in Wassergräben”, Switzerland (Studer’s specimens) and Rivière des Gobelins, Paris, France (specimens from
Remarks: Valvata pulchella Studer, 1789 was established without description, but with a reference to “Geofr. Ner. 4” (=
Valvata pupoidea Gould, 1841
Original source:
Type locality: Fresh Pond, Cambridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Remarks: Type species of Lyogyrus Gill, 1863 (Hydrobiidae or Amnicolidae), cf.
Nerita pusilla Müller, 1774
Original source:
Type locality: “in lacu Ruppinensi”, Ruppiner See, Brandenburg, Germany.
Types unknown, possibly in Zoological Museum Copenhagen (
Remarks: Considered a Valvata by
Valvata pusilla Piersanti, 1951 (non Martinson, 1961)
Original source:
Type locality: Frasassi cave system near San Vittore, Genga Ancona, Italy.
Remarks: According to
+ Valvata pusilla Martinson, 1961 (non Piersanti, 1951)
Original source:
Type horizon: ??
Type locality: Nemegt uul, Mongolia.
Valvata pygmaea C.B. Adams, 1849 (non Noulet, 1854; non Moore, 1867)
Original source:
Type locality: Island Jamaica.
Remarks: The types of the Museum of Camparative Zoology (Harvard) were studied and a lectotype was designated and figured by
+ Valvata pygmaea Noulet, 1854 (non Adams, 1849; non Moore, 1867)
Original source: Noulet 1854: 55–56.
Type horizon: Middle Eocene.
Type locality: Molasse de Castellnaudary; Département de Tarn, France.
Remarks: An objective junior homonym of Valvata pygmaea Adams, 1849.
+ Valvata pygmaea Moore, 1867 (non Adams, 1849; non Noulet, 1854)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Jurassic.
Type locality: Charterhouse Mine, South Wales, U.K.
Remarks: An objective junior homonym of Valvata pygmaea Adams, 1849.
+ Liratina qikouensis Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
“Valvata raboi Anon 1889” (GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata raboti Westerlund, 1889.
Valvata piscinalis raboti Westerlund, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Norvegia in Finmarkia orientali ad Klostervand (Flumen Pasvig.), Finland.
+ Valvata radiatula Sandberger, 1875
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Tortonian.
Type locality: Schwenditobel near Pfrungen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
+ Valvata radovanovići Pavlović, 1931
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene- Pliocene (“Pontian Congeria–layers”).
Type locality: Basin of Skopje, Macedonia.
+ Valvata (Turrivalvata) ranjinai Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Pliocene–Lower Pleistocene, Romanian.
Type locality: Kindrovo, Slavonia, Croatia.
Valvata regalis Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type localities: (1) Königsee in Bavaria, Germany, (1) Lake Tristach near Lienz, East-Tyrol, Austria.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) rehetaiensis Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
Gyraulus (Carinogyraulus) relictus Poliński, 1929
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Ohrid, Albania/Macedonia.
Remarks: German translation of
Valvata revoili Bourguignat, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Market of Moguedoushou (Mogadishu), Somalia.
Remarks: Considered to be a terrestrial species (Mandahl-Barth in
Valvata rhabdota Sturany, 1894
Original source:
Type locality: near Ohrida in Lake Ohrid, 30 m (only dead shells), Macedonia.
Remarks: Valvatid nature has been shown by anatomy (
+ Valvata ringentis
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
+ Aphanotylus ristici Pavlović, 1931
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene−Pleistocene, Metohija Series (Levantin de Topelić).
Type locality: Topličane, Metohija basin, Kosovo.
+ Valvata robusta Martinson, 1982
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous.
Type locality: exact location ??, Mongolia.
Vallonia rosalia Risso, 1826
Original source:
Type locality: Alpes maritimes.
Remarks: According to
Valvata rothi Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type localities: “Bords du lac Mariout, entre Ramleh et Alexandrie”, Egypt.
+ Valvata rothleitneri Bittner, 1884
Original source:
Type horizon: Oligocene, Chattian.
Type locality: Trifail-Sagor (=Trbovlje-Zagorje), Slovenia.
+ Valvata rugaoensis Wang, 1977 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous.
Type locality: Jiangsu Province, China.
+ Valvata sabaudiensis Maillard, 1884
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic – Purbeckian.
Type locality: Villers–le–lac, Département Doubs, France.
Remarks: According to
“Valvata var. sabnaticina Piaget, 1913” (ION, GNI)
Misspelling of Valvata piscinalis var. subnaticina Piaget, 1913.
Valvata pulchella saghalinensis Miyadi, 1935
Original source:
Type locality: “along the shore of a lakelet Tyatya–numa on the western coast of South Sakhalin”, Japan.
Holotype: According to
+ Valvata (Valvata) salebrosa Meijer, 1990
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pleistocene.
Type locality: Pit Maalbeek, Belfeld, province of Limburg, The Netherlands.
+ Valvata salina Leonard, 1972
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene.
Type locality: Saline river banks near Equality, Galatin County, Southern Illinois, USA.
+ Valvata (Turrivalvata) sarmatica Papp, 1954
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Wiesen, Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin, Burgenland, Austria.
+ Valvata satira Fritzsche, 1924
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: limestone of Yavi, North of province of Jujuy, Argentina.
Remarks: With a size of 12 mm and an oblique aperture this species is unlikely to be a valvatid.
Valvata saulcyi Bourguignat, 1853
Original source:
Type locality: near Damascus, Syria.
Remarks: It remains to be verified, whether the specimens identified as Valvata saulcyi reported from Sicily (e.g.
+ Valvata sayni Delafond & Depéret, 1893
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene.
Type locality: Marnes de Saint-Jean–de Vieux, Departément de Ain, France.
Remarks: Attributed to an unpublished manuscript by Fontannes (“Diagnos. esp. nouv. p, IV, fig. 10”), who mentioned Valvata sayni without description or figure as a nomen nudum (
“Valvata scabrida” mentioned in
Valvata scabrida Meek & Hayden, 1865 (under subgenus Tropidina)
Original source:
Type locality: Jurassic beds near the sout–west base of Black Hills, USA.
Holotype: U.S. National Museum #316 (see
Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis var. scharffi Westerlund, 1894
Original source:
Type locality: Dublin, Ireland.
+ Valvata (Valvata) schlosseri Royo Gómez, 1922 (repeatedly erroneously cited in www, e.g. WMSDB for 1992)
Original source:
Type horizon: Miocene.
Type locality: surroundings of Teruel, Spain.
Remarks: Considered synonymous to = Valvata cf. vallestris Fontannes by
Valvata schmidtii Menke, 1849
Original source:
Type locality: near Töplitz (Toplice), Unterkrain (Dolenjska), Slovenia.
Remarks:
Valvata schweinfurthi Innes, 1884
Original source:
Type locality: “Bords du lac Moeris”, Egypt.
Valvata nilotica var. scioana Pollonera, 1888
Original source:
Type locality: Cimbisi district near Debra, Erhan, Ethiopia.
+ Valvata semigradata Pavlović, 1928
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Serbian).
Type locality: Karagača stream (Vrčin SSE Belgrade), Serbia.
Valvata sequanica Locard, 1883
Original source:
Type locality: Rouen, France.
+ Valvata serbica Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene – Lower Pliocene.
Type locality: Visoka (Negotin), Serbia.
Remarks:
+ Valvata serpens Stefanescu, 1896
Original source: “Sabba”
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene, Romanian.
Type locality: Milcov (“Un seul gisement connu, dans les couches levantines de Roumanie, à Milcov, près de Slaltina, dans la vallée de l’Oltu”), Romania.
Remarks: The author quoted himself as the author of taxa “Sabba”, but the last name on the title page is Stefanescu.
Valvata servaini Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type localities: Sur lees bordds des grands lacs ou étangs: La Maine à Angers; la Seine, à Marly, dans Seine-et-Oise; Argenteuil, près de paris; le délaissés de las Seine, près de Rouen; la canal de la Marne au Rhin; les environs de Lille, dans le Nord; les alluvions du Rhône, au nord de Lyon; le lac de la Négresse, près de Bayonne.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) shakengensis Yü & Zhang, 1982
Original source:
Type horizon: Eocene.
Type locality: Zhuo Xian, Hebei, China.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) shansiensis Yü, 1965
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle – Upper Eocene.
Type locality: upper part of the Yuanchü Chun, Yuanchü, Shansi, China.
“Valvata shanxiensis Yu“ mentioned in Yü (1984: 328)
Misspelling of + Valvata shansiensis Yü, 1965.
+ Valvata sibinensis Neumayr, 1875
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene, Dacian-Romanian (Paludina–layer).
Type locality: Gromačnik, Croatia.
Valvata cristata var. sibirica Middendorff, 1851
Original source: Middendorff 1851: 299.
Type locality: Barnaul, Altai (on the basis of the lectotype), Western Siberia, Russia.
Lectotype was designated by Prozorova and Starobogatov (1986) and deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg.
Remarks:
+ Valvata sichuanensis Yü, Pan & Wang, 1974
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Triassic.
Type locality: Sichuan Emei lotus leaf bend, Sichuan Province, China.
Holotype at: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNew.jsp?bbbh=22758
Remarks: In the Chinese online–catalogues listed as V.s. Pian & Wang, 1975 or V.s. Yu, Pian & Wang, 1975.
+ Cyclostoma simile Draparnaud, 1805
Original source:
Type horizon: ??
Type locality: France.
Remarks: Cited as Valvata simile by
Valvata tricarinata var. simplex Gould, 1841 (non Valvata simplex Fuchs, 1870)
Original source:
Type locality: Vermont, North-Eastern USA.
+ Valvata simplex Fuchs, 1870 (non Valvata tricarinata var. simplex Gould, 1841)
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks:
Valvata piscinalis simusyuensis Miyadi, 1935
Original source:
Type locality (from lectotype): Kitabettobu–numa (a lake), “Shumshir Island” [Kurile Islands], Russia.
Lectotype (“neoholotype”) and paratypes selected from the syntypes by
Valvata sincera Say, 1824
Original source:
Type locality: North–west Territory, Canada.
Type specimens: lost (
Remarks: Vernacular names: “mossy valvata” or “boreal turret snail”.
“Valvata sinensis Yü et Lee“ mentioned in Yü (1979: 191, Abstract) (nomen nudum)
+ Valvata sinensis Yü & Lee, 1983 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous.
Type locality: Songliao Basin, China.
Holotype data: http://159.226.74.248:8000/searchbycontentnew.jsp?curPage=1&showdetail=1&szlm=%3Ci%3EValvata%20sinensis%20%3C/i%3EYu%20et%20Lee, %201983
+ Cincinna (Atropidina) singularis Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 79, pl. 69: figs 4–7.
Type horizon: Miocene, Upper Sarmatian.
Type locality: near the village Michailowka, district of Wolgograd, Russia.
Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) sirotskii Starobogatov & Zatravkin, 1985
Original source:
Type locality: Near Novyj Mir settlement, Komsomolskij district, Khabarovsk Territory (Far East), depth 0.2 m, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
+ Valvata (Aphanotylus) skhiadica Bukowski, 1895
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene (Paludina–layer).
Type locality: near Monastery Skhiadi, Rhodus Island, Greece.
Remarks: Lectotype designated by
Valvata (Cincinna) skorikovi Lindholm, 1912
Original source:
Type locality: 5 stations in “Newabucht bei Kronstadt”, near St. Petersburg, Russia.
Syntype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Valvata depressa var. soluta Boettger, 1883
Original source:
Type locality: near Athens, Greece.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) soceni Jekelius, 1944: 117, pl. 43: fig. 11–13.
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Soceni (Banat), Romania.
Valvata (Cincinna) sorensis Dybowski, 1886
Original source:
Type locality: Posolskyj sor (eastern coast of Baikal), Russia.
Lectotype designated by
+ Valvata procera spatiosa Pierce, 2001 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Oligocene.
Type locality: Northern Kishenehn Basin, Montana and British Columbia, Canada.
Valvata spelaea Hauffen, 1856
Original source:
Type locality: Cave of Glaven, Slovenia.
Remarks:
Nerita sphaerica Müller, 1774
Original source:
Type locality: Not directly provided, but probably Denmark, since a Danish vernacular name (kugle neriten) is given by
Remarks: According to
Valvata spirorbis Draparnaud, 1805
Original source:
Type locality: France.
Types not traced. Possibly, in Natural History Museum Vienna (fide
Remarks: Sometimes (see e.g. for “Valvata andrezowski”) regarded as synonym to Valvata cristata Müller, 1774, but considered as separate species by recent Russian authors, e.g.
“Valvata ssorensis” (GNI, ION)
Misspelled for Valvata sorensis Dybowski, 1886, probably based on Valvata (Cincinna) ssorensis [sic!] var. abbreviata:
Valvata stelleri Dybowski, 1903
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Chalaktir, Kamtschatka, Russia.
Remarks:
Valvata (Cincinna) stenotrema Poliński, 1929
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Ohrid, Macedonia.
Remarks: Anatomy (
“Valvata stenotrenta “(GNI), found also at GBIF_Portal for Lund-Museum L934/3816
Misspelling of Valvata (Cincinna) stenotrema Poliński, 1929.
+ Valvata stevanovici Ilyina (Iljina in GNI and ION), 1982 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Miocene.
Type locality: exact location ?? (data in Cyril / Serbian), eastern Serbia.
+ Valvata stiriaca [sic] Rolle, 1860
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pliocene, lignit (brown coal) layers.
Type locality: Schallthal, basin of Schönstein (now Šoštanj), “Lower Styria”, Slovenia.
Valvata stoliczkana Nevill, 1878
Original source:
Type locality: Yarkand, Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, China.
Valvata strebeli Fischer & Crosse, 1891
Original source:
Type locality: “l’Etat du Mexico” = Estado Libre y Soberano de México, México.
Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata humeralis Strebel, 1873 (non Say, 1824).
Valvata striata Philippi, 1836 (non Lewis, 1856)
Original source:
Type locality: off Sicily, Mediterranean Sea.
Remarks: A marine species and according to its anatomy (
Valvata striata Lewis, 1856 (in
Original source:
Type locality: “Little Lakes”, Otsego County, New York, USA (
Remarks: Name preoccupied and being replaced by Valvata lewisi Currier, 1868 (see there).
+ Valvata striolata Pavlović, 1928
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Serbian).
Type locality: Karagača stream (Vrčin, SSE Belgrade), Serbia.
Valvata studeri Boeters & Falkner, 1998
Original source:
Type locality: Schützing (nature reservate “Untere Alz”), South Bavaria, Germany.
Holotype: Senckenberg-Museum Frankfurt SMF 311193.
Remarks: Introduced as a replacement name for Valvata pulchella sensu
Valvata subangulata Boettger, 1909 (in Wohlberedt 1909: authorship according to ICZN Art. 50.1.1)
Original source: Wohlberedt 1909: 697 (issue of journal) resp. 113 (in reprint), pl. 54: fig. 193.
Type localities: (1) River Zem near Angesta, (2) Bokumirska jezero = Lake Bukumirska (Podogorika), both Montenegro.
+ Amplovalvata subantiqua Yakushina (ION: Jakuschina), 1991
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: North Choibalsan region, Mongolia.
+ Valvata subbiformis Gozhik, 1978 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle or Upper Miocene, Sarmatian.
Type locality: Mykhailivka (= Michailovka = Mihalpol), Ukraine.
+ Valvata subcarinata Brusina, 1878
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene, Dacian-Romanian.
Type locality (
Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata piscinalis as used by
“Valvata subdepressa“ mentioned in
Locality: Upper Miocene – Lower Pliocene, Pontian (“schwarzer Thon”, Congeria–layers); Krajova, Walachei (Tara Românească), Romania.
“Valvata subfasciata” (GNI)
Probably confused with Vivipara subfasciata Bourguignat, 1870.
Valvata contorta var. subglobosa Menke, 1845
Original source:
Type localities: “in lacubus Daniae, Galliae, Helvetiae (Hartmann), Germaniae; in Borussiae provinciae Brandenburgu lacu Ruppinensi (Feldmann, Martini), lac Müggelsee, ad Berlolinum (Ehrenberg), Vratislaviam (Scholtz), in Hannoverae lacu Seeburgensis (W. Dunker)”.
Types: Not traced. Menke’s collection was dispersed after his death (
+ Valvata subgradata Lörenthey, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Budapest – Köbánya, Hungary.
Valvata piscinalis var. submucronata Schmidt, 1856
Original source:
Type locality: Creek of Godesberg near Bonn, Germany.
+ Valvata subnaticina Lomnicki, 1886 (not Valvata piscinalis var. subnaticina Piaget, 1913)
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene, Badenian.
Type locality: Goncharivka (= Wyczólki), Ukraine.
Remarks: “...der lebenden Valvata naticina Menke ähnlich” [similar to the extant Valvata naticina Menke] and thus probably belonging to genus Borysthenia.
Valvata piscinalis var. subnaticina Piaget, 1913 (not Valvata subnaticina Lomnicki, 1886)
Original source:
Type locality: River Areuse, Canton Neuchatel, Switzerland.
Remarks: A junior homonym of + Valvata subnaticina Lomnicki, 1886.
Valvata contorta var. subovata Menke, 1845
Original source:
Type localities: The name was based on a description by Menke and on various bibliographical references, in many of which localities were given. All these are type localities.
Types: Not traced. Menke’s collection was dispersed after his death (
“Valvata subparvula“ mentioned in
Remarks:
Locality: Tertiary; 3 miles below Fort Union, Nebraska, USA.
“Valvata piscinalis var. subpiscinalis Tournouër, 1866” mentioned in
An error by Wenz, the name is not mentioned in the cited paper (Bull. Soc. Geol. France ser. 2, Vol. 23: page 790), but
“Valvata inflata var. subpiscinalis” mentioned in
+ Valvata inflata var. subpiscinalis Delafond & Depéret, 1893
Original source:
Type locality: Middle Pliocene; Saint-Amour, Département Jura, Region Franche-Comté, France.
Remarks: The name is referred to specimens of the collection of Tournouër.
Valvata subpiscinalis Kuščer, 1932
Original source:
Type locality: “Der Rak-Bach unweit der jugoslavisch–italienischen Grenze” [the rak–creek near the Jugoslavian-Italian border], Slovenia.
Paratypes (Biological Institute, Scientific Research Centre of Ljublijana, No 1862) were figured by
Remarks: Type species of Neohoratia Schütt, 1961 (Hydrobiidae), see
+ Cincinna (Atropidina) subpulchella Gozhik, 2007
Original source: Gozhik 2007: 78, pl. 69: fig. 3.
Type horizon: Pleistocene or Holocene (Alluvium V. Terrace).
Type locality: river Danube near the village Nagornoye, district of Odessa, Ukraine.
+ Liratina subtilostriata Pan, 1980 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Mesozoic?
Type locality: Zhuji same Shan, province Zhejiang, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=36281
+ Planorbis subumbilicatus Meek & Hayden, 1856
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Palaeocene, Thanétien.
Type locality: 3 miles below Fort Union, Nebraska, USA.
Cincinna sujfunensis Prozorova, 1998 (in
Original source:
Type locality: Razdolnaya River near Razdolnoye settlement, Far East Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
Valvata sulcata Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852
Original source:
Type locality: Pondichéry = Puducherry, South–east India.
Remarks: Vernacular name “Valvée sillonnée”. Considered as Bithynia sulcata (Bithyniidae) since
“Valvata sulechiana Cob. non Brus.”, cited at page 53 in Senoner (Vienna) Cenni Biograpfici. Giornale di Scienze Naturali il Naturalisti Siciliano, 1884–85, vol. 4: pp. 45–60.
Misspelling of + Valvata sulekiana Cobălcescu, 1883, non Brusina, 1874 (see there).
+ Valvata sulekiana Brusina, 1874 (non Cobălcescu, 1883)
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene-Pleistocene, Dacian-Romanian.
Type locality: Marinac (near Varoš), Slavonia, Croatia.
+ Valvata sulekiana Cobălcescu, 1883 (non Brusina, 1874)
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene–Pleistocene, Dacian–Romanian; Paludina–layers.
Type locality: Barboși (= Barboschi), Galati, Romania.
Remarks: An objective junior homonym of Valvata sulekiana Brusina, 1874 and thus replaced by Valvata cobalcescui Brusina, 1885 (see there).
+ Valvata tricarinata supracarinata Baker, 1921
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene.
Type locality: near Morris, Grundy County, Illinois, USA.
Topotype: Museum of Natural History of the Univesity of Illinois, #P928.
Valvata (Tropidina) macrostoma var. suturalis Westerlund, 1886 (non Valvata suturalis Grabau, 1923)
Original source:
Type locality: Galicia near Przemysi: Kotula, Southeast Poland.
+ Valvata suturalis Grabau, 1923 (non Valvata (Tropidina) macrostoma var. suturalis Westerlund, 1886)
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Jurassic, Meng-Yin formation.
Type locality: Ning Chia Kou, Shandong, China.
+ Planorbis symmetricus Ludwig, 1865
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Miocene, Aquitanien.
Type locality: Kleinkarben in Hessen, Germany.
Valvata syracusana Locard, 1889: 35.
Original source:
Type locality: Assapo near Syracus in Sicily, Italy.
“Valvata syriaca“ mentioned in
Localities: “… environs de Sayda en Syrie, a été constatée en Égypte sur les bords du lac Mariout; dans un marias à l’est de la Mahmoudieh; dans le lac du jardin khedivial de Ghizeh; sur les bords du lac Moeris, au Fayoun, et sur les rives de l’ancien lac Timsah.”, all Egypt.
Remarks:
However, as outlined by
Valvata tacitiana Locard, 1889: 42.
Original source:
Type locality: Marshes of Cressida, Corfu, Greece.
Valvata tasmanica Tennison Woods, 1876
Original source:
Type locality: Gould’s County, north–easternTasmania.
Remarks: Type species of Valvatasma Iredale, 1943 (p. 203, Hydrobiidae), see
“Valvata tasolana” (GNI, ION)
As already noticed by Kobelt (1893: 20) this taxon is misspelled for Valvata tolosana Saint-Simon, 1870 (the latter taxon is lacking in GNI and ION; Sept. 2013).
Valvata (Pseudomegalovalvata) tenagobia Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975
Original source:
Type locality: Kharin-Irgi Bay (Oikhon Gates) [Baikal Lake], depth 32–39 m, Russia.
“Valvata (Ohridotropidina) relicta relicta f. tetracarinata“ mentioned in
Locality: Lake Ohrid, Macedonia.
Remarks: Originally proposed at infrasubspecific rank, thus not available under ICZN Art. 45.6.4. However, the name would be available, if an author before 1985 used it and gave it subspecific or specific rank (ICZN Art. 45.6.4.1). This was not fully checked and remains to be verified.
+ Valvata tenuistriata Fuchs, 1870
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks: Classified by
“Valvata theocleti” mentioned in
Locality: Pliocene – Pleistocene; Ptolemaida, West-Macedonia, Greece.
Remarks: This PhD–Thesis PhD–Thesis, in which 35 species are ostendibley described, does not meet the conditions of ICZN Art. 8.1.3 and 9.9. Accordingly, the name is not available.
Valvata theotokii Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type localities: (1) Fountain of Kardachi, (2) Marshes of Cressida, both Korfu, Greece.
+ Valvata tihanyensis Lörenthey, 1906
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: near Tihany at Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Valvata tilhoi Germain, 1909
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Chad, Algerie.
Valvata tolosana Saint-Simon, 1870
Original source:
Type locality: Toulouse, channel of Midi, France.
+ Valvata (Valvata) toplicani Miloshevich, 1984
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene−Pleistocene, Metohija Series.
Type locality: Topličane, Metohija basin, Kosovo.
+ Valvata tournoueri Capellini, 1880
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene (Congeria–layers).
Type locality: valley of Sterza di Laiatico, province of Pisa, Italy.
+ Valvata transbaicalensis Martinson, 1961
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: exact locality??, Eastern Sibiria, Russia.
Cyclostoma tricarinata Say, 1817
Original source:
Type locality: river Delaware, USA.
Remarks: Verancular name: “three–ridge valvata”. Anatomy, histology and development of the genital system were outlined by
Helix tricarinata Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824 (not Müller, 1774)
Original source:
Type locality: beach of Rimini (shells transported by rivers), Italy.
Remarks: According to figures identical (personal judgement) to Helix nana Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1824 (see there) and thus probably a synonym of Valvata cristata Müller, 1774.
+ Valvata trigeri Deshayes, 1862
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Eocene, Bartonian.
Type locality: Nantheuil–sur-Marne, Saint Aubin, pres le Mans, Basin de Paris, France.
Valvata contorta var. trochoidea Menke, 1845
Original source:
Type localities: The name was based on a description by Menke and on various bibliographical references, in many of which localities were given. All these are type localities.
Types: Not traced. Menke’s collection was dispersed after his death (
“Valvata troglobia“ mentioned in
Remarks: According to
+ Valvata trouessarti Brusina, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene-Pleistocene, Romanian (Paludina–layers).
Type locality: Szentes, Hungary.
+ Valvata truckeensis Yen, 1950
Original source:
Type horizon: Miocene, Truckee formation.
Type locality: Desert Queen Mine, northeastern corner of the Hot Spring Mountains, Western Nevada, USA.
+ Valvata truncatella Li, 1984
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: Lingboa Basin of Henan Province, China.
Valvata umbilicata var. tubula Westerlund, 1886
Original source:
Type locality: Siberia, Russia.
+ Valvata tuostaiensis Wei, 1984
Original source:
Type horizon: ??
Type locality: Xinjiang Province, China.
+ Valvata tuozhuangensis Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the online type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) turgensis Martinson, 1961
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: not clear, since Martinson only listed several records: West Trans-Baikal region – Tarbagatay, Ulan-Ude Region, Kizhinga Region (Buryatia); Ost Trans-Baikal Region – Arbagar, Turga; Vilyuysk, Baysa; south–east Mongolia.
Valvata turgidula Locard, 1889
Original source:
Type locality: Lac de Négresse, Bayonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France.
Remarks: Probably synonymous to Valvata minuta, now Islamia globulina (see
“Valvata (Atropidina) turislavica“ mentioned in
Probably confused with + Caspia turislavica Jekelius, 1944.
+ Atropidina turpanensis Zhu, 1994
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Jurassic, Qiktim Formation.
Type locality: Xiabakan, Shanshan County, Turpan Basin, Northern Xinjiang, China.
Holotype: http://www.nimrf.net.cn/ept/eptDataDetail.action?ptzyh=2332C0001000004184
Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) tymiensis Starobogatov, 1985 (in
Original source:
Type locality: Sakhalin Island, right bank of the River Tym’ near Nogliki settlement, Russia.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 under the name.
“Valvata umbilicata” mentioned in
Locality: Gosau-See, Upper Austria.
Valvata umbilicata Servain, 1881: 94
Original source:
Type locality: “dans la vallée du Siô dans les endroits marécagenx”, Lake Balaton, Hungary.
Remarks: It is beyond the scope of this contribution to check, whether the specimens of
Valvata umbilicata Westerlund, 1886
Original source:
Type localities: various countries between Sweden and Austria.
Remarks: Westerlund expressively attributed the name to the nomen nudum of
Valvata unicarinata De Kay, 1843 (non Lörenthey, 1894)
Original source:
Type locality: Lake Champlain and Erie Channel (New York), USA.
+ Valvata unicarinata Lörenthey, 1894 (non De Key, 1843)
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene – Pliocene, Pannonian (Portaferrian).
Type locality: Séd–creek, Bálint–bridge, Szekszárd, Hungary.
Remarks: a junior homonoym of Valvata unicarinata De Kay, 1843.
+ Valvata unicarinifera Hislop, 1859
Original source:
Type horizon: Tertiary.
Type locality: Little Tisti, Karwad, Butárá, East India.
+ Valvata simplex var. unicincta Lörenthey, 1906
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Fehérpart near Tihany, Hungary.
Valvata sincera var. utahensis Call, 1884
Original source:
Type locality: Utah Lake, USA.
Holotype: U.S. National Museum # 31277.
Remarks: Vernacular names: Utah roundmouth snail, desert valvata.
+ Amplovalvata valareslebensis Huckriede, 1967
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Jurassic, Middle Kimmeridgian.
Type locality: southeast of Sülfeld, Fallersleben, Germany.
+ Valvata vallestris Fontannes, 1876
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: Moulin de Fully near Saint-Quentin-Fallavier (= La Fuly); Bas Dauphine, southeast of Lyon, France.
Remarks: “Valvata cf. vallestris Fontannes“ mentioned in
“Valvata (Valvata) valvestris Fontannes” by
Misspelling of + Valvata vallestris Fontannes, 1876.
+ Valvata (Tropidina) vanciana Tournouër, 1875
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: Fort de Vancia near Lyon, Département de Ain, France.
+ Valvata variabilis Fuchs, 1870
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Rădmănești, near Lugos in Banat, Romania.
Remarks: Considered as Muellerpalia varians (Fuchs, 1870) (Hydrobiidae) by
+ Valvata varians Lörenthey, 1902
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Budapest – Köbánya; Hungary.
+ Pachystoma varicatum Tausch, 1886
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous – “Gosaumergel”.
Type locality: Csinger valley near Ajka in Bakony, Hungary.
Remarks: Type species of Ariomphalus Bandel & Riedel, 1994 (p. 22), who also figured the shell and protoconch by SEM (23, pl. 14: figs 1–3).
+ Valvata sabaudiensis var. varicosa Koert, 1898
Original source:
Type horizon: Jurassic/Cretaceous border.
Type locality: southwest of Selter hill, Lower Sachsian, Germany.
“Valvata (Tropidina) vauciana“
Misspelling of + Valvata (Tropidina) vanciana Tournouër, 1875 in the catalogue of the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris) at http://coldb.mnhn.fr/ScientificName/Valvata/vauciana
+ Valvata (Atropidina) velitzelosi Schütt & Velitzelos, 1991
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene.
Type locality: Kerasia, Island of Euboea, Greece.
+ Cincinna vetusta Kormos, 1911
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Transdanubian).
Type locality: Mencshely, Lake Balaton, Hungary.
+ Cincinna (Cincinna) vinogradovskense [sic] Gozhik, 2002 [should be vinogradovskensis, since Cincinna is feminine]
Original source:
Type horizon: Miocene, Pontian.
Type locality: Vinograd, Ukraina.
Valvata virens Tryon, 1863
Original source:
Type locality: Clear Lake, California, USA.
Remarks: Vernacular name: “emerald valvata”. A recent species considered to be extinct by human activities (pollution), however.
“Valvata viridana Stentz”
Cited (with doubts) by
+ Valvata (Aegaea) vivipariformis Oppenheim, 1891
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Pleistocene.
Type locality: Koumaris (= Kumari) near Aegion, Greece.
Remarks: According to the size (10 mm) and aperture (not round) probably not a valvatid, but a species of Viviparidae (certainly not a “missing link” between the two families as assumed by Oppenheim, since both families are very distantly related). Type species of Aegaea Oppenheim, 1891.
“Valvata viviparum”
Cited by
Valvata (Microcincinna) vystitiensis Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987
Original source:
Type locality: Vyshtitis Lake, at the border of Kaliningrad district and Lithuania.
Holotype: Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Nr. 1 in systematic catalogue under the name.
+ Valvata vrabceana Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1890
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian (Slavonian).
Type locality: Vrapče (Zagreb), Croatia.
Valvata wagneri Kuščer, 1928
Original source:
Type locality: “Vranja peč” cave near Boštanj, Svenica, Krso, Slovenia.
Remarks: Type species of Vrania Radoman, 1978: 35 (Hydrobiidae), see Binder (1967),
Valvata perdepressa walkeri Baker, 1930
Original source:
Type locality: Southern part of Lake Michigan, USA.
+ Valvata (Atropidina) wenzi Papp, 1953
Original source:
Type horizon: Upper Miocene, Pannonian.
Type locality: Eichkogel bei Mödling, Lower Austria.
Remarks: SEM of shell and (typically valvatid) protoconch were depicted by
+ Valvata whitei Hannibal, 1910
Original source: Hannibal 1910: 107.
Type horizon: Marl–deposit, Upper Lahontan Quaternary.
Type locality: near Summer Lake, Oregon, USA.
+ Aphanotylus whitei Dall, 1924
Original source:
Type horizon: Pliocene – Pleistocene, Idaho Formation.
Type locality: Castle Creek, Owyhee County, Idaho, USA.
+ Valvata (Turrivalvata) soceni wiesenensis Papp, 1954
Original source:
Type horizon: Middle Miocene – Sarmatian.
Type locality: Wiesen, Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin; Burgenland, Austria.
+ Valvata windhauseni Parodiz, 1961
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: Nahuel Niyeu (25 miles west of Valvheta), Rio Negro province, Argentina.
Valvata winnebagoensis Baker, 1928.
Original source: Baker 1928: 475–476, pl.1: figs 11–13.
Type locality: Miller Bay, Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, USA.
Remarks: Vernacular name: “flanged valvata”.
+ Valvata woodwardi Kennard, 1911
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene, Cromerian Stage.
Type locality: West Runton, Norfolk, England.
Remarks: Considered as a synonym of Valvata goldfussiana Wüst, 1901 by
+ Valvata yaviana Fritzsche, 1924
Original source:
Type horizon: Cretaceous.
Type locality: limestone of Yavi, North of province of Jujuy, Argentina.
+ Valvata yongkangensis Yü, 1980
Original source:
Type horizon: Mesozoic?
Type locality: Zhejiang, southern Anhui, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=18572
+ Valvata piligera yukonensis Clarke & Harington, 1978
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene.
Type locality: Old Crow Basin, Yukon Territory, Canada.
+ Sinorificium yumenensis Guo, 1982 (in
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous.
Type locality: Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, North–west China.
Remarks: Currently regarded (Paleobiology Database) as a neotaenioglossan species.
+ Valvata zhongbaensis Yü, 1974
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Jurassic.
Type locality: Sichuan Jiangyou, China.
+ Valvata zhongjiangensis Pan, 1982
Original source: Pan 1982: ??, figs 18–21 (not seen, not in Zoological Record, data from online type catalogue of Nanjing Institute).
Type horizon: Upper Jurassic, Penglaizhen formation.
Type locality: Zhongjiang County Cangshan, Sichuan Basin, China.
Holotype: http://159.226.74.248:8000/viewSpeciDetailsNormal.jsp?bbbh=53434
+ Valvata zhouqingzhuangensis Youluo, 1978 (name of author according to the online type catalogues of Nanjing Institute)
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Tertiary.
Type locality: coastal region of Bohai, China.
+ Valvata (Cincinna) zhuchengensis Pan, 1983
Original source:
Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous – Xiazhuang Formation.
Type locality: Shichang-Zhonglou Basin in North China.
+ Valvata zschokkei Bollinger, 1921
Original source:
Type horizon: Pleistocene, Interglacial “Schieferkohle”.
Type locality: Dürnten, Kanton Zürich, Switzerland.
Jacqueline Bollinger (Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie) and Dr. Juliane Diller (Zoologische Staatssammlung München) both were of great help in the literature search. I am very grateful to Peter Glöer (Hetlingen) and Dr. Matthias Harzhauser (Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) for many helpful remarks and advices on an early draft of the typescript. I am deeply indebted to Dr. Alan Kabat (Harvard University) and even more to a second, anonymous reviewer, who provided truly substantial help on the typescript and added numerous comments and details, which are gratefully acknowledged.
If authors were originally written in Cyril lettering or Chinese wording I either use the Latin version found in the original paper or (sometime several) the Latin version(s) found in the later literature citing that paper. Usually the original title and an English or French translation of the title or journal are provided.
As far as possible I provide here direct www-links to the first page of the respective papers and books. Mostly they have been found in the Biodiversity Library respectively at www.archive.org , via Gallica http://gallica.bnf.fr/ respectively in the Jubilothece http://jubilotheque.upmc.fr/, and in the digital library “DigiLit” of the Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum Linz (please, provide an English introduction for international users!) at <http://www.landesmuseum.at/datenbanken/digilit/>, reflecting the extremely high value and help provided by these institutions. On the other hand the substantial content of the digital library of the Haiti Trust http://catalog.hathitrust.org is of very limited use, since it is available only for few US-colleagues. It is particularly hard to understand, why contributions prior to 1923 cannot be offered online “due to copyright restrictions”.
If not stated otherwise these e-libraries are free for download or view. This also is true for Google-books, where registration, but no fee is required. Note that the digital page numbers often do not correspond with the printed page numbers. All Roman numbers of pre-pages or plates are listed in Arabic numbers for convenience.
I add here the urgent ask for all responsible persons and societies for journals or books not yet digitized to do so as soon as possible at least for the elder volumes before 1923 (no copyright restrictions) in order to facilitate and accelerate taxonomy as science. Concerning the present work the “most wanted” journals are the Archiv für Molluskenkunde and the Mitteilungen der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft. In addition, I (and the whole malacological community as well) will be grateful for any tip concerning a new or overlooked source of electronic copy of any reference not yet covered herein.
Despite much time and effort (and the truly substantial input by all the reviewers), the present contribution is neither complete nor entirely free of errors. The main reason for these shortcomings is the non-availability of certain papers, in particular those of Russian and Chinese paleontologists. Accordingly, for a future update I ask all readers and colleagues to send me corrections, additions (e.g. sources of type material), and (preferably electronic) copies of papers not yet or insufficiently indexed.