Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of 10–11 spatulate, apically pectinate setae; B) labial palp segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; C) fore femur length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsally with a row of ca. 17 curved, spine-like setae on margin and a few curved, spine-like setae near proximal margin ; D) tibia dorsally with stout, spatulate, apically rounded setae along margin; E) claw with a row of 11–12 denticles; F) paraproct distally expanded.

Larva (Figs 2, 3, 58a). Body length 5.3 mm.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, thorax with brighter, faint pattern as in Fig. 58a. Head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture. Thorax and abdomen ventrally colourless, femur with brown, distomedial spot, dorsal margin of femur brown, legs otherwise colourless, caudal filaments colourless.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 2a, b). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of 10–11 long, spatulate, apically pectinate setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with 12 short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Figure 2. 

Labiobaetis balkei sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Labrum dorsal, submarginal seta c Right mandible d Right prostheca e Left mandible f Left prostheca gHypopharynxh Maxilla i Labium.

Right mandible (Fig. 2c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 2e, f). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 2g). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 2h). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and five long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.2× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.8× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 2i). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with seven spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with five long, spine-like setae; ventral surface scattered with fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded, ventrally with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with a row of four medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.6× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.9× width of base at segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with two long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; apex slightly pointed; length 1.1× width; ventrally covered with long and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 3a, b, c). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.1:1.0:0.4:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal marign with a row of 17–18 curved, spine-like setae and 1–4 curved, spine-like setae near proximal area, length of setae 0.15× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, apically rounded setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along the ventral marign; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with stout, lanceolate, apically rounded setae and very fine, simple setae scattered. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of fine, simple setae. Ventral marign with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 11–12 denticles; distally pointed; with four stripes; subapical setae absent.

Figure 3. 

Labiobaetis balkei sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Tibia dorsal seta c Fore claw dTergum IV e Gill IV fParaproct.

Tergum (Fig. 3d). Surface with irregular rows of slightly W-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores; scales short, apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 3e). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating fine simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 2/3 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/2 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 3f). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Michael Balke (Zoologische Staatssammlung München, ZSM), who collected most of the fantastic material treated in this study.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 1400 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465156), Papua New Guinea, Central, Kokoda Trek, 1400 m, Jan 2008, 09°01.95'S, 147°44.46'E, Posman (PNG 172). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 37 nymphs (2 on slides, GBIFCH 00465157, GBIFCH 00465158, 20 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515225, deposited in MZL; 15 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515226, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal, submarginal arc of setae composed of 15 spatulate, apically pectinate setae; B) labial palp segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; C) fore femur length ca. 4× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 16 curved, spine-like setae and a few spine-like setae near margin; D) fore claw with a row of 13–14 denticles; E) paraproct distally expanded.

Larva (Figs 4, 5, 58b). Body length 5.3 mm; antenna: approximately 2.5× as long as head length.

Figure 4. 

Labiobaetis lobatus sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Labrum dorsal, submarginal seta c Right mandible d Right prostheca e Left mandible f Left prostheca gHypopharynxh Maxilla i Labium.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, thorax with bright, faint pattern as in Fig. 58b. Head and thorax with brighter median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs and caudal filaments light brown.

Figure 5. 

Labiobaetis lobatus sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 4a, b). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of 15 long, spatulate, apically pectinate setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with eight short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 4c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 4e, f). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 4g). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua straight; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 4h). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and six long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.5× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II about as long as segment I. Surface of maxillary palp scattered with fine and simple setae. Apex of last segment rounded, with excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 4i). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with nine spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long, robust, pectinate setae, one medium and one short, robust seta; outer margin with six long spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with 4–5 medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.9× width of base at segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with two long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; apex slightly pointed; length 1.2× width; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 5a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3.5× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 16 curved, spine-like setae and a few stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.18× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and some short, stout, apically rounded setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along the ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some bipectinate, spine-like setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin almost bare. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 13–14 denticles; distally pointed; with six stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 5c). Surface scattered with U-shaped scale bases and micropores. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 5d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating fine simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 2/3 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 2/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 5e). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the large, lobed, distomedial protuberance of labial palp segment II.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 1390 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00508141), Papua New Guinea, Central, Kokoda Trek, 1390 m, Jan 2008, 09°00.34'S, 147°44.25'E, Posman (PNG 173). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 34 nymphs (2 on slides, GBIFCH 00465161, GBIFCH 00465162, 20 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515232, deposited in MZL; 12 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515233, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal, submarginal arc of setae composed of 14–16 spatulate, apically pectinate setae; B) labial palp segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; C) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 19 curved, spine-like setae and a few spine-like setae near margin; D) fore claw with 11–12 denticles; E) paraproct distally slightly expanded.

Larva (Figs 6, 7, 58c). Body length 7.5 mm; antenna: approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 6. 

Labiobaetis michaeli sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Seta of the labrum dorsal submarginal arc c Right mandible d Right prostheca e Left mandible f Left prostheca gHypopharynxh Maxilla i Labium.

Figure 7. 

Labiobaetis michaeli sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, thorax with bright, faint pattern as in Fig. 58c. Head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs light brown with brown spots distomedially on femur and proximally on tibia, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 6a, b). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of 14–16 long, spatulate, apically pectinate setae.. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with eight short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 6c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 6e, f). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 6g). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua straight; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 6h). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 5–6 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.4× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II about as long as segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 6i). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with nine spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one medium, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with six long spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with 6–8 medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with large, lobed distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.9× width of base at segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with two long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; apex slightly pointed; length 1.3× width; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 7a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.3:1.0:0.6:0.1. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 19 curved, spine-like setae and with some stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.2× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and some short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along the ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin almost bare. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 11–12 denticles; distally pointed; with 4–5 stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 7c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores, scales short, apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or pentagonal spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 7d). Present on segments II - VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating fine simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 7e). Distally slightly expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Michael Balke (Zoologische Staatssammlung München, ZSM), who collected most of the fantastic material treated in this study.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 2200 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00508129), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Akameku-Brahmin, Bismarck Range, 2200 m, 23 Nov 2006, 05°56.80'S, 145°22.24'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 106). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 9 nymphs (3 on slides, GBIFCH 00465163, GBIFCH 00465164, GBIFCH 00508130, 4 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515230, GBIFCH 00508134, deposited in MZL; 2 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515231, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus five long, simple setae; B) labial palp segment II with an elongated thumb-like distomedial protuberance, segment III subrectangular; C) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 27 curved, spine-like setae; D) gills with small denticles and both medium and long, fine simple setae on margin; E) paraproct distally not expanded, with ca. 18 marginal, stout spines.

Larva (Figs 8, 9, 58d). Body length 5.3 mm; antenna: approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 8. 

Labiobaetis claudiae sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 9. 

Labiobaetis claudiae sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, thorax with bright pattern as in Fig. 58d, abdominal segments I, V, VI, IX and X light brown, other segments dark brown. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs transparent with brown spots distomedially on femur and proximally on tibia and tarsus, caudal filaments brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad, lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 8a). Rectangular, length 0.6× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus five long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with seven short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 8b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 8d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 denticles and one minute intermediate denticle. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 8f). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua straight; lateral margin straight; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 8g). Galea-lacinia with one simple, robust apical seta under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 5–6 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.3× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment constricted, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 8h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with six spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust setae; outer margin with 4–5 long, spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward, apex rounded; ventrally with three rows of long, robust, distally pectinate setae in apical area and a row of 3–4 medium, simple setae in anteromedial area; dorsally with a row of 3–4 long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.4× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of three long, spine-like setae in anteromedial area. Segment III subrectangular; apex truncate; length 0.9× width; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 9a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.3:1.0:0.6:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 27 curved, spine-like setae; length of setae 0.16× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with two pairs of curved, spine-like setae and some short, stout setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae scattered along the ventral margin; femoral patch well developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of stout, lanceolate setae and very fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, on apex one stout, spine-like seta and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 2/3 area. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 12–13 denticles; distally pointed; with eight stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 9c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, longer than wide.

Gills (Fig. 9d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating both medium and long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 2/3 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 9e). Distally not expanded, with ca. 18 marginal, stout spines. Surface scattered with U-shaped scale bases and fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Claudia Kaltenbach, the wife of one of the authors (TK) for her constant support during the study.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in a ford at an altitude of 80 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00508144), Papua New Guinea, Madang, highway nr Madang, ford, 80 m, 26 Nov and 2–3 Dec 2006, 05°24.41'S, 145°38.21'E, Binatang Boys (PNG 117). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 4 nymphs (2 on slide, GBIFCH 00508145, GBIFCH 00465165, 2 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515229, deposited in MZL), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus six long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp about as long as length of galea-lacinia; C) labial palp segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 18 curved, spine-like setae on margin and a few stout, pointed setae near margin; E) fore claw with 10–12 denticles.

Larva (Figs 10, 11, 59a). Body length 4.5 mm; antenna: approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 10. 

Labiobaetis stagnum sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 11. 

Labiobaetis stagnum sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, head, thorax and abdomen with bright pattern as in Fig. 59a, forewing pads with brown striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs light brown with a brown spot distomedially on femur and medially on tibia, dorsal margin of femur brown, tarsus proximally brown. Caudal filaments light brown with a dark brown section at 3/4 of length of cerci, cerci with 2^nd dark brown section near the tip.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad, lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 10a). Rectangular, length 0.6× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with many medium to long, fine, simple setae in posterior area; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5–6 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, pectinate setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with six short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 10b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 10d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 (sometimes four) denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 10f). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin straight; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 10g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 5–6 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.9× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment constricted, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 10h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 8–9 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one short, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with seven spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae: dorsally with three medium, simple setae; ventrally with five long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.6× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of 4–5 long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III semicircular; apex rounded; length 0.8× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 11a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 17 curved, spine-like setae and a few stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.14× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of spine-like setae and some short, stout, pointed or apically rounded setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch well developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with row of short, curved, spine-like setae and long, fine, simple setae and a row of stout, lanceolate setae near margin; one larger, robust, pointed seta on apex. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 10–12 denticles; distally pointed; with four stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 11c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered with fine, simple setae, scales short and apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, longer than wide.

Gills (Fig. 11d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating both medium and long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 2/3 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/2 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 11e). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Latin word for pool, refers to the appearance in stream pools.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in stream pools at an altitude of 115 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465166), Indonesia, Papua, Setani-Maribu, stream pools, 115 m, 14 Oct 2011, 02°30.51'S, 140°22.83'E, Balke (PAP01). Temporary deposited in MZL before definitely housed in MZB. Paratypes. 9 nymphs (2 on slides, GBIFCH 00465167, GBIFCH 00465168, deposited in MZL, 5 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515227, deposited in MZL; 2 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515228, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of 14 long, feathered setae; B) labial palp segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance and with segment III slightly pentagonal and slightly pointed on apex; C) hind femur slender, length ca. 4× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 18 curved, spine-like setae and a few stout, pointed setae near margin; D) femur and tibia of hind leg ventrally with stout, bipectinate, pointed setae; E) hind tarsal claw with 14 denticles.

Larva (Figs 12, 13).

Figure 12. 

Labiobaetis orientis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 13. 

Labiobaetis orientis sp. n., larva morphology: a Hind leg b Femur ventral seta c Tibia ventral seta d Hind claw eTergum IV f Gill V gParaproct.

Colouration. Unknown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 12a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with many medium to long, fine, simple setae; submarginal arc of setae composed of 14 long, feathered setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with five short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 12b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 12d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with few minute setae. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 12f). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 12g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and six long, simple setae. Maxillary palp unknown.

Labium (Fig. 12h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with seven spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one medium, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with eight long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with three medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short and medium, fine, simple setae ventrally and with micropores dorsally. Segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.8× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with two long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; apex slightly pointed; length 1.1× width; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Hind leg (Fig. 13a, b, c, d). Ratio of hind leg segments 1.3:1.0:0.5:0.2. Hind femur. Length ca. 4× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 18 curved, spine-like setae and with a few stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.16× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with some curved spine-like setae and many short, stout setae. Many stout, lanceolate, bipectinate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a few curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate, bipectinate setae (pectination difficult to see). Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/3 area. Tarsus. Dorsal margin bare. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 14 denticles; tapering distally; with five stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 13e). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 13f). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles and long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV unknown, gill V as long as length of segments VI and 1/2 VII combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/2 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 13g). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the type locality, which is in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea.

New Guinea.

The specimen was collected at an altitude of 1700–1800 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465169), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Marawaka, Ande, 1700–1800 m, 09 Nov 2006, nr 07°01.70'S, 145°49.81'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 87). Deposited in ZSM.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of 14–17 feathered setae, B) labial palp segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; C) labial palp segment III slightly pentagonal, apically slightly pointed; D) fore femur very slender, length ca. 5× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 13 robust, slightly spatulate, apically blunt setae; E) tibia dorsal margin with a row of stout, lanceolate, apically rounded setae.

Larva (Figs 14, 15, 59b). Body length 5.4 mm.

Figure 14. 

Labiobaetis papuaensis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Labrum dorsal, submarginal seta c Right mandible d Right prostheca e Left mandible f Left prostheca g Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 15. 

Labiobaetis papuaensis sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Femur dorsal seta c Tibia dorsal seta d Fore claw eTergum IV f Gill IV gParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, with bright pattern as in Fig. 59b. Head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs and caudal filaments light brown, femur dorsal margin brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 14a, b). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of 14–17 long, feathered setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with eight short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 14c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 14e, f). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx. Unknown.

Maxilla (Fig. 14g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and four long, simple setae. Maxillary palp about as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.8× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segment II. Apex of last segment rounded, with an excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 14h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with nine spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with seven spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with row of six medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with micropores dorsally and ventrally with fine, simple setae along margins. Segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.6× width of base of segment III; inner margin with few fine, simple setae; outer margin with few short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with a row of three long, spine-like setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; apex slightly pointed; length 1.2× width; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 15a–d). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.1:1.0:0.4:0.1. Femur. Length ca. 5× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. nine robust, slightly spatulate, apically rounded setae and four spine-like, apically pointed setae on basal area length of setae 0.17× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of robust, slightly spatulate, apically rounded setae and some short, stout, apically rounded setae. Many stout, broad lanceolate, apically rounded setae along ventral margin; femoral patch absent. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of stout, broad lanceolate, apically rounded setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin bare with a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex (Fig. 15d). Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 12–13 denticles; distally pointed; with four stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 15e). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 15f). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles and long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII, IX and 1/2 X combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 15g). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the type locality in the Papua Province of Indonesia.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 774 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465170), Indonesia, Papua, Road Nabire-Enarotali KM 55, 774 m, 22 Oct 2011, 03°29.80'S, 135°43.89'E, Balke (PAP09). Temporary deposited in MZL before definitely housed in MZB. Paratype. 1 nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465171, deposited in MZL), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of setae composed of one plus 6–7 long, simple setae; B) both mandibles with outermost denticle blade-like; C) labial palp as Fig. 16c, segment II with short thumb-like distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur broad, length 2.6× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of >40 curved, spine-like setae; E) spines at posterior margin of tergum IV triangular, pointed, longer than wide; F) paraproct distally not expanded.

Figure 16. 

Labiobaetis petersorum, larva morphology: a Right mandible b Left mandible c Labial palp dTergum IV.

Paratypes. 4 nymphs (on slides, PERC 0 012 564, PERC 0 012 565, PERC 0 012 566, PERC 0 012 567), Papua New Guinea, Bulolo R, 2950 ft, E of Wau, 15 Oct 1964, W.L. and J.G. Peters.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of setae composed of one plus 9–11 long, simple setae; B) both mandibles with outermost denticles blade-like; C) hypopharynx with concave distal margin of superlingua; D) maxillary palp somewhat longer than length of galea-lacinia; E) fore femur broad, length 2.5× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 37 curved, spine-like setae and distally with some stout, pointed setae near margin; F) gills margin serrate with alternating smaller and bigger denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae; G) spines at posterior margin of tergum IV rounded, wider than long; H) paraproct distally not expanded.

Larva (Figs 17, 18, 59c). Body length 6.7 mm; cerci: 3.7 mm; terminal filament: 2.8 mm.

Figure 17. 

Labiobaetis gladius sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 18. 

Labiobaetis gladius sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with slightly darker striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs light brown and with brown marks as in Fig. 59c, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad, apically blunt spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 17a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with short to medium, fine simple setae and some short, robust, simple setae on posterior area; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 9–11 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, pectinate setae, centrally bifid; ventral surface with seven short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 17b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles, outermost denticle blade-like. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 17d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles plus one minute intermediate denticle, outermost denticle blade-like. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 17f). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua longer than width; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua concave; lateral margin straight; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 17g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and eight long, simple setae. Maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.3× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment slightly pointed, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 17h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with nine spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust setae; outer margin with six long spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with few short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with row of four medium, simple setae; ventrally with four long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with micropores dorsally and ventrally with fine, simple setae along margins. Segment II with a short, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.4× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of 5–6 spine-like, simple setae, decreasing in length distally. Segment III oblong; apex slightly pointed; length 1.3× width; ventrally covered with long and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 18a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.6:1.0:0.7:0.3. Femur. Length 2.5× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 37 curved, spine-like setae and distally with some stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.18× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, apically rounded setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and long, fine, simple setae, apically with two longer, curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and one stout, spine-like seta and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae and fine, simple setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 3/4. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and some long, fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae on margin. Tarsal claw with one row of eleven denticles; tapering distally; with six stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 18c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores, scales oblong. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 18d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with alternating smaller and bigger denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins, pigmentation limited to main trunk and extensions to inner margin. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 18e). Distally not expanded, with ca. 22 marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Latin word for sword, refers to the blade-like outermost denticle of the mandibles.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at altitudes of 1800–3210 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465172), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49.96'S, 145°06.129'E, (GPS), Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2350 m a.s.l. (7915 ft), S5 (oria.6), 18 Aug 1999, leg. L. Čížek . Deposited in MZL. Paratypes. 7 nymphs (3 on slides, GBIFCH 00465173, GBIFCH 00465177, GBIFCH 00465178, 4 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515241, deposited in MZL), same data as holotype; 44 nymphs (2 on slides, GBIFCH 00465174, GBIFCH 00465175, 27 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515242, GBIFCH 00508132, deposited in MZL; 15 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515243, deposited in ZSM), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°48.050'S, 145°04.150'E, (GPS), Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 3210 m a.s.l., (10895 ft), S2 (oria.3), 17 Aug 1999, L. Čížek leg; 52 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465176, 32 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515239, GBIFCH 00508124, GBIFCH 00508133, deposited in MZL; 20 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515240, deposited in ZSM), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49.033'S, 145°5.271'E, (GPS), Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2600 m a.s.l. (near fish farm), (9181 ft GPS), S4 (oria.5), 18 Aug 1999, L. Čížek leg.

5 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465179, 4 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515275, GBIFCH 00508135, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands, Simbai, 1800–2000 m, 26 Feb 2007, 05°15.87'S, 144°32.72'E, Kinibel (PNG 134); 2 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465180, 1 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515261, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Akameku-Brahmin, Bismarck Range, 2200 m, 23 Nov 2006, 05°56.80'S, 145°22.24'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 106).

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of setae with one plus 6–7 long, simple setae; B) both mandibles with outermost denticle blade-like; C) hypopharynx with slightly concave distal margin of superlingua; D) maxillary palp somewhat longer than length of galea-lacinia; E) fore femur rather broad, length 2.6× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 34 curved, spine-like setae and with some stout, pointed setae near margin; F) gills long, gill IV as long as length of segments V to VII combined, gill VII somewhat longer than length of segments VIII to X combined.

Larva (Figs 19, 20, 59d). Body length 8–9 mm.

Figure 19. 

Labiobaetis janae sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 20. 

Labiobaetis janae sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally grey-brown, abdominal segments VI, IX and X brighter, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light grey-brown, legs colourless with brown medial spot and dorsal margin on femur, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 19a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 6–7 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, pectinate setae, centrally bifid; ventral surface with eight short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 19b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 denticles plus one minute intermediate denticle, outermost denticle blade-like. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically and distolaterally denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 19d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles, outermost denticle blade-like. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with few minute setae, and with minute denticles toward subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 19f). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua slightly concave; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 19g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and seven long, simple setae. Maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 2.2× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment slightly pointed, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 19h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 7–8 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with five long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with few short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with three medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with micropores dorsally. Segment II with a short, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.4× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of five long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III oblong; apex slightly pointed; length 1.1× width; ventrally covered with long and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 20a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.5:1.0:0.6:0.3. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 34 curved, spine-like setae and some stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.15× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with two pairs of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch absent. Tibia. Dorsal margin with few short, curved, spine-like setae and a pair of longer, curved, spine-like setae on apex. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, stout, pointed setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 2/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with some short, spine-like setae and fine simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 12 denticles; distally pointed; with three stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 20c). Surface with many micropores and scattered W-shaped scale bases, scales oblong. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 20d). Present on segments II - VII. Margin with small denticles and long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner margin and partly to outer margin. Gill IV as long as length of segments V, VI and VII combined. Gill VII somewhat longer than length of segments VIII and X combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 20e). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with W-shaped scale bases and many micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Janice (“Jan”) Peters (Florida A & M University), who pioneered the collection of mayflies in New Guinea.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 3200 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465181), Indonesia, Papua, Lake Habemma, stream, 3200 m, 19 Oct 2011, 04°07.77'S, 138°40.77'E, Balke (PAP07). Temporary deposited in MZL before definitely housed in MZB. Paratypes. 30 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465182, 19 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515252, GBIFCH 00508126, deposited in MZL; 11 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515253, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of setae composed of one plus 4–5 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp longer than galwa-lacinia, with well-developed excavation at inner distolateral margin of segment II; C) fore femur rather broad, length 2.8× maximum width, foreleg setation as Fig. 21c; D) fore claw with a row of 9–10 denticles; E) spines at posterior margin of tergum IV mostly triangular and pointed, about as long as wide; F) paraproct with ca. 38 marginal spines.

Figure 21. 

Labiobaetis tuberpalpus, larva morphology: a Maxilla b Labial palp cForeleg (femur, tibia) dTergum IV.

Paratypes. 1 nymph (on slides, PERC 0 010 571), Papua New Guinea, Bulolo R, E of Wau, 2950 ft, 18 Oct 1964, W.L. and J.G. Peters; 1 nymph (on slide, PERC 0 010 573), Papua New Guinea, Morobe Prov., Clearwater Cr, nr Luau, 15 Sept 1983, J.T. and D.A. Polhemus.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus eight or nine long, simple setae; B) labial palp segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; C) fore femur broad, length ca. 2× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 26 curved, spine-like setae and many stout, pointed setae near margin; D) gills margin serrate with small spines intercalating long, fine, simple setae, and with robust, lanceolate setae on margin; E) paraproct surface with scales or scale bases and fine, slightly lanceolate setae as well as fine, simple setae.

Larva (Figs 22, 23, 60a). Body length 7.5 mm; cerci: 7.5 mm; terminal filament: 3.2 mm; antenna: approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 22. 

Labiobaetis branchiaesetis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 23. 

Labiobaetis branchiaesetis sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV e Seta on gill margin fParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally dark brown, abdominal segment X light brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally brown, femur dorsal and ventral margins brown, legs otherwise colourless, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 22a). Rectangular, length 0.6× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with many short to medium, fine, simple setae; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 8–9 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with seven short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 22b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 22d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles toward subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins slightly convex. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 22f). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 22g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and seven long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.2× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.5× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with a slight excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 22h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with nine spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one medium, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with eight long, spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with few short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with one medium, simple seta; ventrally with five long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.6× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with a row of five long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex rounded; length 0.9× width; ventrally covered with short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 23a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.3:1.0:0.7:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 2× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 26 curved, spine-like setae and with many stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.14× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one curved, spine-like seta and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and many stout, lanceolate setae along margin. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, on apex one bipectinate, spine-like seta and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 9–10 denticles; distally pointed; with seven stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 23c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores; scales short, apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 23d, e). Present on segments II - VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae, and with robust, lanceolate setae on margin. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner margin and partly to outer margin. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 23f). Distally slightly expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, slightly lanceolate setae as well as fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Latin words for gills and seta, refers to the robust, lanceolate setae on the margin of the gills.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in altitudes of 1000 m a.s.l. and 1700 m–1800 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465183), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Marawaka, Ande, 1700–1800 m, 09 Nov 2006, nr 07°01.70'S, 145°49.81'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 87). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 24 nymphs (2 on slides, GBIFCH 00465184, GBIFCH 00465185, 14 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515219, GBIFCH 00508123, deposited in MZL; 8 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515220, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype; 3 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465186, 2 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515286, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Gulf, Marawaka, nr Ande, 1000 m, 10 Nov 2006, 07°03.60'S, 145°44.38'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 89).

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus six or seven long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp about as long as galea-lacinia, excavation on inner distal margin of segment II poorly developed; C) labial palp segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 34 curved, spine-like setae and many stout, pointed setae near margin; E) fore claw with one row of 11–12 denticles; F) tracheae of gills restricted to main trunk, without pigmentation; G) paraproct surface with slightly lanceolate setae and fine, simple setae.

Larva (Figs 24, 25, 60b). Body length 6.8 mm; antenna approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 24. 

Labiobaetis magnovaldus sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 25. 

Labiobaetis magnovaldus sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproctf Seta on paraproct surface.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally brown, legs light brown, dorsal magin of femur and tibia brown, caudal filaments brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 24a). Rectangular, length 0.6× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae and a few slightly lanceolate setae; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 6–8 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, pectinate setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with seven short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 24b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 24d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles toward subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 24f). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 24g). Galea-lacinia with three simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and eight long, simple setae. Maxillary palp about as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.9× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with slight excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 24h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 11–12 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae and one short, robust seta; outer margin with seven spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with 2–3 medium, simple setae; ventrally with five long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.5× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of five long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex rounded; length 1.0× width; ventrally covered with short, spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 25a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.3:1.0:0.7:0.3. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with row of ca. 34 curved, spine-like setae and with many stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.15× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one curved, spine-like seta and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and long, fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, apically longer and dense and with a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 11–14 denticles; tapering distally; with 5–7 stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 25c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae, scales egg-shaped. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 25d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae restricted to main trunk. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segment VIII.

Paraproct (Fig. 25e). Distally slightly expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, slightly lanceolate setae as well as fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Terminal filament 0.6× length of cerci.

Latin for “very high”, refers to the high altitude (2900 m a.s.l.) of the type locality.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in altitudes of 2200 m a.s.l. and 2900 m a.s.l. (in forest).

Holotype. 1 Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465187), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49'S, 145°04.5'E, Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2900 m a.s.l. (in forest), S3 (oria.4), 18 Aug 1999, leg. L. Čížek. Deposited in MZL. Paratypes. 8 nymphs (2 on slides, GBIFCH 00465188, GBIFCH 00465189, 6 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515266, GBIFCH 00508122, deposited in MZL), same data as holotype; 7 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465190, 3 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515267, deposited in MZL; 3 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515268, deposited in ZSM), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Akameku-Brahmin, Bismarck Range, 2200 m, 23 Nov 2006, 05°56.80'S, 145°22.24'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 106).

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5–7 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp much longer than length of galea-lacinia, apically rounded, with very poorly developed excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 19 curved, spine-like setae and some stout, pointed setae near margin; E) fore claw with 7 – 8 denticles; F) paraproct distally expanded, surface with few slightly spatulate setae.

Larva (Figs 26, 27, 60c). Body length 3.3 mm; antenna: approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 26. 

Labiobaetis planus sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 27. 

Labiobaetis planus sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown. Legs colourless, femur with large, distomedial, brown spot and brown dorsal margin, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum without spines on apex of segments.

Labrum (Fig. 26a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with many medium to long, fine, simple setae; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5–7 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with two short, spine-like setae near lateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 26b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 26d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 26f). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 26g). Galea lacinia with four simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and five long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.6× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.2× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with very slight excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 26h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 7–8 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one medium, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with five long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with short, fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with 2–3 medium, simple setae; ventrally with 3–4 long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.4× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with a row of 3–4 long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex truncate; length 0.9× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 27a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 19 curved, spine-like setae and with some stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.2× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of spine-like setae and some short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and a row of long, fine, simple setae and a row of stout, lanceolate setae near margin. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, on apex one bipectinate, spine-like seta and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 7–8 denticles; distally pointed; with four stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 27c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores, scales short, apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 27d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 27e). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, slightly lanceolate setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small, marginal spines.

Refers to the low altitude (95 m a.s.l.) of the type locality.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 95 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465191), Indonesia, Papua, Sorong, inland, 95 m, 19 Feb 2006, 00°49.35'S, 131°24.20'E, Balke & Tindige (BH 20). Temporary deposited in MZL before definitly housed in MZB. Paratypes. 16 nymphs (2 on slides, GBIFCH 00465192, GBIFCH 00465193, 9 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515269, GBIFCH 00508149, GBIFCH 00508150, deposited in MZL; 5 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515270, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus six long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp 1.2× length of galea-lacinia; C) labial palp segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 16 curved, spine-like setae and a row of spine-like setae near margin; E) paraproct with three robust, lanceolate setae near distolateral margin.

Larva (Figs 28, 29, 60d). Body length 4.7 mm.

Figure 28. 

Labiobaetis podolakae sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 29. 

Labiobaetis podolakae sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproctf Seta near paraproct margin.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, femur dorsal margin brown, legs otherwise colourless, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad spines on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 28a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with many medium to long, fine, simple setae; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus six long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with six short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 28b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 28d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 28f). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 28g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and five long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.2× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.4× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with slight excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 28h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with six spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one short, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with five long, spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with few short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with 2–3 medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.6× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with micropores dorsally and ventrally with fine, simple setae along margins. Segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.3× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with a row of four long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex rounded; length 1.1× width; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 29a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with row of ca. 16 curved, spine-like setae and a row of stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.2× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one curved, spine-like seta and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and a row of long, fine, simple setae, and a row of stout, lanceolate setae near margin. Ventral margin with a row of short, spine-like setae, on apex one stout, spine-like seta and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of nine denticles; distally pointed; with three stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 29c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae, scales egg-shaped. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 29d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with alternating smaller and bigger denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 2/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 29e, f). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases, scattered micropores and fine, simple setae and three robust, lanceolate setae near lateral margin. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Marion Podolak (Museum for Zoology Lausanne, MZL) for her valuable support during our study.

New Guinea.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465227), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Aiyura, 1710 m, 15 Jan 2003, 06°21.41'S, 145°54.34'E, grassland stream, K. Sagata leg. Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 2 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465194, 1 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515276, deposited in MZL), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus nine long, simple setae ; B) maxillary palp longer than length of galea-lacinia, apically rounded, without excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 26 curved, spine-like setae and many stout, pointed setae near margin; E) paraproct distally expanded, surface with slightly spatulate setae.

Larva (Figs 30, 31, 61a). Body length 5.2 mm.

Figure 30. 

Labiobaetis rutschmannae sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 31. 

Labiobaetis rutschmannae sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown. Femur dorsal margin light brown, legs otherwise colourless, caudal filaments basally light brown, otherwise colourless.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad, lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 30a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae and a few slightly spatulate setae; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus nine long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with nine short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 30b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 30d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles toward subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 30f). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 30g). Galea-lacinia with three simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and five long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.2× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.2× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 30h, i). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 7–8 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust setae; outer margin with five long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with short, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with seven simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.9× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with micropores dorsally and ventrally with fine, simple setae along margins. Segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.2× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of three long, spine-like setae. Segment III conical; apex rounded; length 0.9× width; ventrally covered with short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 31a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 26 curved, spine-like setae and with many stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.16× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with some spine-like setae and many short, stout, pointed or apically rounded setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of stout, lanceolate setae and very fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, on apex one stout, spine-like seta and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 8–10 denticles; distally pointed; with four stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 31c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 31d). Present on segments II - VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/2 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 31e). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, slightly lanceolate setae, fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Sereina Rutschmann (University of Vigo, Spain) for her long-lasting support of our group in genetics.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in altitudes of 1800 m–2000 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465195), Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands, Simbai, 1800–2000 m, 01 Mar 2007, 05°14.28'S, 144°28.74'E, Kinibel (PNG 138). Deposited in ZSM. Paratype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465196, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands, Simbai, 2000 m, 28 Feb 2007, 05°15.17'S, 144°32.81'E, Kinibel (PNG 136).

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of setae composed of one plus five long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp 1.3× as long as length of galea-lacinia; segment II apically rounded, with an excavation at inner lateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance, segment III conical; D) fore femur rather broad, length 2.7× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 21 curved, spine-like setae and many stout, pointed setae near margin; E) fore claw with a row of 8 denticles; F) spines at posterior margin of tergum IV mostly rounded, about as long as wide; G) paraproct surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, slightly spatulate setae and micropores.

Larva (Figs 32, 33, 61b). Body length 5 mm; antenna: approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 32. 

Labiobaetis schwanderae sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 33. 

Labiobaetis schwanderae sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally colourless. Legs colourless with some brown spots, femur with brown dorsal margin, caudal filaments brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad, lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 32a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus five long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with five short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 32b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 32d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 32f). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 32g). Galea-lacinia with three simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and six long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.3× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.2× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 32h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with ten spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one short, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with six long spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with few short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with two medium, simple setae; ventrally with four long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.6× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short and medium, fine, simple setae ventrally and with micropores dorsally. Segment II with a compact, rounded distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.4× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of three long, spine-like setae. Segment III conical; apex rounded; length 0.8× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 33a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.6:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 21 curved, spine-like setae and with many stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.2× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a few curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of eight denticles; distally pointed; with five stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 33c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores, scales egg-shaped. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 33d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 33e). Distally slightly expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, slightly lanceolate setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Tanja Schwander (University of Lausanne, UNIL) for her constant support during a master project of one of the authors (TK) in her lab.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 1400 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465197), Papua New Guinea, Gulf, Marawaka, 1400 m, 11 Nov 2006, 07°05.66'S, 145°44.47'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 90). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 2 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465198, 5 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515234, deposited in MZL; 3 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515235, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of setae composed of one plus eight long, simple setae, 5 setae standing closely together; B) right mandible with 3+3 denticles; C) left mandible with 3+3 denticles; D) maxillary palp longer than galea-lacinia, without excavation at inner distolateral margin; E) labial palp segment II with short thumb-like protuberance, segment III slightly pentagonal; F) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× as long as maximum width; G) fore leg setation as Fig. 34f.

Figure 34. 

Labiobaetis vitilis, larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Left mandible d Labial palp e Maxilla fForeleg.

Paratype. 1 nymph (on slide, PERC 0 012 576), Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands Prov., Kaugel R, nr Alkena, 07 Sept 1983, J.T. and D.A. Polhemus.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5–6 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp somewhat longer as length of galea-lacinia, apically constricted, without excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labium paraglossa apically with four rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; D) labial palp segment II with a short, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; E) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 30 curved, spine-like setae and many stout, pointed setae near margin; F) fore claw with one row of 12–13 denticles.

Larva (Figs 35, 36, 61c). Body length 9.2 mm.

Figure 35. 

Labiobaetis altus sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 36. 

Labiobaetis altus sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, thorax and abdomen with bright pattern as in Fig. 61c, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally colourless, femur with distomedial brown spot, legs otherwise colourless.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 35a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5–6 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with 9–11 short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 35b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 35d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 denticles and one minute intermediate denticle. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 35f). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua straight; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 35g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 7–8 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.2× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment constricted, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 35h, i). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 10–11 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust setae; outer margin with 6–8 spine-like setae; ventral surface with short, fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with four rows of long, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with three medium, simple setae; ventrally with five long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.9× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a short, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.5× width of base of segment III; inner margin with short, fine, simple setae, more numerous at apex; outer margin with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of 3–4 long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III oblong; apex slightly pointed; length 1.2× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 36a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.6:1.0:0.8:0.3. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 30 curved, spine-like setae on margin, and with many stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.13× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and some short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and long, fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, stout, pointed setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 2/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 12–13 denticles; distally pointed; with 3–4 stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 36c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores, scales slightly triangular. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 36d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/2 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 36e). Distally not expanded, with ca. 20 marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Latin word for high, refers to the altitude of the type locality (2700 m a.s.l.).

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in altitudes of 2700 m a.s.l. and 2900 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465199), Papua New Guinea, Enga, Kumul Lodge at foot of Mt. Hagen, 2700 m, 05 Dec 2006, 05°47.55'S, 143°58.76'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 124). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 4 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465200, 3 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515273, GBIFCH 00508131, deposited in MZL), same data as holotype; 1 nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465201, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49'S, 145°04.50'E, Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2900 m a.s.l. (in forest), S3 (oria.4), 18 Aug 1999, leg. L. Čížek.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of submarginal setae composed of one plus 6–7 long simple setae; B) maxillary palp about as long as galea-lacinia, apically slightly pointed and without excavation at inner lateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 26 curved, spine-like setae; E) fore claw with 13–15 denticles.

Larva (Figs 37, 38, 61d). Body length 6.9 mm; antenna: approximately 2.5× as long as head length.

Figure 37. 

Labiobaetis gindroi sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 38. 

Labiobaetis gindroi sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation, thorax and abdomen with bright pattern as in Fig. 61d. Legs and caudal filaments light brown, femur dorsal margin brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 37a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 6–7 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with 8–9 short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 37b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 (sometimes three) denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 37d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 (sometimes four) denticles, sometimes with one minute, intermediate denticle. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 37f). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 37g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 8–9 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp about as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.4× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment slightly pointed, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 37h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 8–9 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with 6–7 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with row of three medium, simple setae; ventrally with four long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short and medium, fine, simple setae ventrally and with micropores dorsally. Segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.4× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of 2–5 long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III oblong; apex rounded; length 1.4× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 38a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 26 curved, spine-like setae; length of setae 0.16× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and some short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of stout, lanceolate setae and very fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae and fine, simple setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 13–15 denticles; distally pointed; with 5–7 stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 38c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores, scales short, apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 38d). Present on segments II - VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae partly extending from main trunk towards outer and inner margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII, IX and 1/4 X combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 38e). Distally not expanded, with ca. 21 marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to the late friend of one of the authors (JLG), the biologist Cédric Gindro.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in altitudes of 1620 m a.s.l. and 2000 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465202), Indonesia, Papua, Wamena, 20 mins towd Jiwika, limestone creek, 1620 m, 18 Oct 2011, 03°56.95'S, 138°54.38'E, Balke (PAP07). Temporary deposited in MZL before definitely housed in MZB. Paratypes. 63 nymphs (3 on slides, GBIFCH 00465203, GBIFCH 00465204, GBIFCH 00465205, 42 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515254, GBIFCH 00515256, deposited in MZL; 18 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515255, GBIFCH00515257, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

5 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465206, 4 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515291, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands, Simbai, 2000 m, 28 Feb 2007, 05°15.17'S, 144°32.81'E, Kinibel (PNG 136).

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5–6 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp longer as length of galea-lacinia, apically rounded, without excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labial glossae much shorter than paraglossae; D) labial palp segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance, segment III conical, apically slightly truncate; E) fore femur slender, length 3.6× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 12 curved, spine-like setae; F) fore claw with one row of eleven denticles.

Larva (Figs 39, 40, 62a). Body length 3.7 mm.

Figure 39. 

Labiobaetis paravitilis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 40. 

Labiobaetis paravitilis sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, femur dorsal margin light brown, legs otherwise colourless, caudal filaments colourless.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 39a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5–6 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with seven short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 39b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles, partly plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 39d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles toward subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 39f). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 39g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and five long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.4× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.4× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 39h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; much shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with five spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long, robust setae; outer margin with 3–4 long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with few short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with 2–3 medium, simple setae; ventrally with two long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.5× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of six medium, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex truncate; length 0.9× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 40a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 4× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 12 curved, spine-like setae; length of setae 0.16× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and some very short, stout setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along ventral margin; femoral patch absent. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, one seta on apex much longer; one long, bipectinate seta and a tuft of fine, long, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with row of fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of eleven denticles; tapering distally; with three stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 40c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores, scales slightly triangular. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 40d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 40e). Distally not expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the morphological similarity with L. vitilis.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 30 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465207), Papua New Guinea, Madang, Trans Gogol, 30 m, 02.2008, 05°18.09'S, 145°36.45'E, BRC leg. (PNG 179). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 17 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465208, 11 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515271, GBIFCH 00508148, deposited in MZL; 5 in alcohol, GBIFCH00515272, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 7–10 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp somewhat longer than length of galea-lacinia, segment II apically slightly pointed and without excavation at inner lateral margin; C) labial palp segment III oblong, apically slightly pointed; D) labium paraglossa apically with five rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; E) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 29 curved, spine-like setae and many stout, pointed setae near margin; F) fore claw with one row of 13–15 denticles; G) tracheae of gills restricted to main trunk.

Larva (Figs 41, 42, 62b). Body length 6 mm; antenna approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 41. 

Labiobaetis wilhelmensis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 42. 

Labiobaetis wilhelmensis sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs colourless with light brown pattern as in Fig. 62b, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 41a). Rectangular, length 0.8× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 7–10 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with nine short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 41b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 (sometimes three) denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 41d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 denticles and one minute intermediate denticle. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight. Subtriangular process long and slender, at the same level as area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 41f). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua broader than long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 41g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 7–8 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.3× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment slightly pointed, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 41h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with eleven spine-like setae; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with 7–8 long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with short, fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with five rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with row of four medium, simple setae; ventrally with five long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a short, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.4× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of three long, spine-like setae. Segment III oblong; apex rounded; length 1.4× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 42a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.5:1.0:0.6:0.3. Fore femur. Length 2.6× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 29 curved, spine-like setae and with many stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.14× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of stout, lanceolate setae and very fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, stout, pointed setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 2/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some stout, pointed setae near margin. Tarsal claw with one row of 13–15 denticles; distally pointed; with five stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 42c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae, micropores and egg-shaped scales. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 42d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae restricted to main trunk. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 42e). Distally not expanded, with ca. 26 marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the type locality at Mt. Wilhelm.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in altitudes of 2900 m a.s.l. and 3210 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465209), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°48.050'S, 145°04.15'E, (GPS)’, Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 3210 m a.s.l., (10895 ft GPS), S32 (oria.3), 17 Aug 1999, L. Čížek leg. Deposited in MZL. Paratypes. 14 nymphs (10 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515247, deposited in MZL; 4 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515248, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype; 108 nymphs (3 on slides, GBIFCH 00465210, GBIFCH 00465211, GBIFCH 00465212, 61 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515249, GBIFCH 00508127, deposited in MZL; 44 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515250, deposited in ZSM), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49’ 145°04.5’, Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2900 m a.s.l., (in forest), S3 (oria.4), 18 Aug 1999, leg. L. Čížek .

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 8–9 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp longer than galea-lacinia, with well-developed excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with hook-like distomedial protuberance, as Fig. 43b, segment III conical; D) fore claw with a row of 8–10 denticles.

Figure 43. 

Labiobaetis vultuosus, larva morphology: a Maxilla b Labial palp.

Paratype. 1 nymph (on slide, PERC 0 012 577), Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands Prov., 17 km N of Mt. Hagen, 06 Sept 1983, J.T. and D.A. Polhemus leg.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus nine long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp with segment II longer than length of segment I, segment II with excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with a hook-like distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 28 curved, spine-like setae; E) fore claw with 10 denticles; F) gills margin serrated with alternating bigger and smaller spines.

Larva (Figs 44, 45, 62c). Body length 7.8 mm; antenna approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 44. 

Labiobaetis paravultuosus sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 45. 

Labiobaetis paravultuosus sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, femur colourless with a medial brown spot and a brown dorsal margin, tibia and tarsus brown, caudal filaments brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 44a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with many medium to long, fine, simple setae; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus nine long, simple setae. Lateral margin with few long, spine-like setae and few long, fine, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with eight short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 44b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 5 + 4 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 44d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles and one minute intermediate denticle. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins slightly convex. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 44f). Lingua about as long as superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 44g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 6–7 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.2× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.2× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 44h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with 7–9 spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with six long spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with short, fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with five medium, simple setae; ventrally with five long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a hook-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.5× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of 2–3 long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; apex rounded; length 1.0× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 45a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.1:1.0:0.5:0.1. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 28 curved, spine-like setae; length of setae 0.16× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with two pairs of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and long, fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 2/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of ten denticles; tapering distally; with five stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 45c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded or triangular spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 45d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with alternating smaller and bigger denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/2 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 45e). Distally not expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the similarity and close relationship to L. vultuosus.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 1500 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465213), Papua New Guinea, Enga, Wapanamanda, 1500 m, 06 Dec 2006, 05°38.11'S, 143°55.34'E, Balke & Kinibel (PNG 128). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 30 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465214, 16 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515223, deposited in MZL; 13 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515224, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum with dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus six long, simple setae; B) labial palp segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; C) maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia, segment II apically slightly pointed and without excavation at inner lateral margin; D) right mandible outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles respectively plus one small intermediate denticle; E) left mandible outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles respectively; F) fore femur slender, length ca. 4× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 21 curved, spine-like setae and distally a row of robust, spine-like setae close to margin.

Larva (Figs 46, 47, 63a). Body length 4.8 mm.

Figure 46. 

Labiobaetis centralensis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 47. 

Labiobaetis centralensis sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Tibia dorsal seta c Tibia ventral seta d Fore claw eTergum IV f Gill IV gParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, with bright pattern as in Fig. 63a. Head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax, and abdomen ventrally colourless, femur, tibia, and tarsus with brown dorsal margin, legs otherwise colourless, caudal filaments brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad spines on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 46a). Rectangular, length 0.6× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus six long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with four short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 46b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 46d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles toward subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola not constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 46f). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 46g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and six long, simple setae. Maxillary palp slightly longer than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II about as long as segment I. Fine and simple setae scattered over surface of segment II. Apex of segment II slightly pointed, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 46h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with eight spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with two long and one short, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with seven spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with row of three medium, simple setae; ventrally with five medium, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I dorsally covered with micropores. Segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.5× width of base of segment III; inner margin with few fine, simple setae; outer margin bare; dorsally with row of four long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex rounded; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 47a–d). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 4× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 21 curved, spine-like setae, distally a row of robust, spine-like setae close to margin, and a row of fine simple setae along margin; length of setae 0.1× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with two pairs of spine-like setae, many short, stout, blunt setae and some fine, long, simple setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch well developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with stout, lanceolate, apically rounded setae and very fine, simple setae along margin. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, one seta on apex much longer; one long, bipectinate seta and a tuft of fine, long, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and fine, simple setae along margin, especially on apex. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 10–11 denticles; distally pointed; with five stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 47e). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores, scales short, apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 47f). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins, pigmentation limited to part of main trunk and one or two extensions to inner margin only. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/2 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 47g). Distally slightly expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the type locality in the Central Province of Papua New Guinea.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at an altitude of 590 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465215), Papua New Guinea, Central, Kokoda Trek, 590 m, 01.2008, 09°14.34'S, 147°36.92'E, Posman (PNG170). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 16 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465216, 8 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515217, deposited in MZL; 7 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515218, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 5 long, dendritic, apically pointed setae and 3 middle to long, simple setae; B) both mandibles with outermost denticles blade-like; C) maxillary palp somewhat shorter than length of galea-lacinia; D) distomedial protuberance of labial palp segment II short, thumb-like; E) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 20 curved, spine-like setae and basally a row of robust, spine-like setae near margin; F) tarsal claw with one row of seven denticles and without striation.

Larva (Figs 48, 49). Antenna approximately twice as long as head length.

Figure 48. 

Labiobaetis dendrisetis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Labrum dorsal, submarginal seta c Right mandible, denticles outworn d Right prostheca e Left mandible, denticles outworn f Left prostheca g Left mandible, denticles unused h Left prostheca iHypopharynxj Maxilla k Labium.

Figure 49. 

Labiobaetis dendrisetis sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Unknown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 48a, b). Rectangular, length 0.5× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal dorsal arc of setae composed of one plus five long, dendritic, apically pointed setae and three middle to long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with ten short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 48c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles unknown, outermost denticle blade-like. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute setae. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 48e–h). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 3 denticles, outermost denticle blade-like. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute setae. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 48i). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin straight; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 48j). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and 9–10 long, simple setae. Maxillary palp somewhat shorter than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.8× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segment II and along outer margin of segment I. Apex of last segment rounded, with slight excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 48k). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with five spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust setae; outer margin with 3–4 long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with few short, fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with two medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.6× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I dorsally covered with micropores and ventrally with fine, simple setae along margins. Segment II with a short, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.2× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of six spine-like, simple setae, decreasing in length distally. Segment III semicircular; apex rounded; length 0.8× width; covered with long and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 49a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.8:1.0:0.6:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 3× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 20 curved, spine-like setae, basally a row of robust, spine-like setae near margin; length of setae 0.18× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, pointed setae. Ventral margin with a row of short, spine-like setae, some stout, lanceolate, pointed setae and a few fine, simple setae scattered along ventral margin; femoral patch absent. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a few short, curved, spine-like setae and a pair of longer, curved, spine-like setae on apex. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, on apex one stout, spine-like seta and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with one or two short, spine-like setae near apex. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of seven denticles; tapering distally; striation absent.

Tergum (Fig. 49c). Surface with irregular rows of W-shaped scale bases, scales broad, apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular or pentagonal spines, about as long as wide.

Gills (Fig. 49d). Present on segments I–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae partly extending from main trunk towards outer and inner margins. Gill I as long as length of segment II. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and VI combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and 1/3 IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 49e). Distally not expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with W-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the dendritic submarginal setae on dorsal surface of labrum.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in forest at an altitude of 2900 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465217), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49.00'S, 145°04.50'E, Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2900 m a.s.l. (in forest), S3 (oria.4), 18 Aug 1999, leg. L. Čížek . Deposited in MZL. Paratype. 1 nymph (on 2 slides, GBIFCH 00465218, deposited in MZL), same data as holotype.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 11–13 long, simple setae; B) labrum dorsally with many medium, fine, simple setae, mainly arranged in one band; C) labial palp segment III with emargination at distal margin; D) maxillary palp shorter than galea-lacinia; E) fore femur broad, length ca. 2× maximum width, dorsal margin with an irregular row of more than 40 curved, spine-like setae and some curved, spine like setae near margin.

Larva (Figs 50, 51, 63b). Body length 9.6 mm.

Figure 50. 

Labiobaetis elisae sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 51. 

Labiobaetis elisae sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Tibia dorsal seta c Fore claw dTergum IV e Gill IV fParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, abdominal terga I and X lighter. Head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, femur with brown dorsal margin, legs otherwise light brown, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with broad, apically blunt spines and fine, simple setae on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 50a). Rectangular, length 0.6× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with many medium to long, fine, simple setae, mainly arranged in one band; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 11–13 long, simple setae. Lateral margin with few long, fine, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with eight short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 50b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 50d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex, with minute denticles toward subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins slightly convex. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 50f). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin and short, simple setae in distal part.

Maxilla (Fig. 50g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and six long, simple setae. Maxillary palp shorter than length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II somewhat shorter than segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Palp segment III about as long as segment II. Apex of last segment rounded, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 50h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with six spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae and one short, robust seta; outer margin with six long spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with short, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with nine medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.8× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I dorsally covered with micropores and ventrally with fine, simple setae along margins. Segment II with a short, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.2× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of five long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex with emargination; ventrally covered with short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 51a–c). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.2:1.0:0.5:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 2× maximum width. Dorsal margin with an irregular row of more than 40 curved, spine-like setae and some curved, spine-like setae and fine, simple setae near margin; length of setae 0.1× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, apically rounded setae. Many stout, lanceolate, setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of fine, simple setae and a row of stout, lanceolate setae along margin. Ventral margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate, apically rounded setae and fine, simple setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 2/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and a row of long, fine, simple setae on and near margin, especially on apex. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 11–12 denticles; tapering distally; with 4–6 stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 51d). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae, scales short and apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 51e). Present on segments II - VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V and 1/2 VI combined. Gill VII little longer than length of segment VIII.

Paraproct (Fig. 51f). Distally expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Dedicated to Elisa Gattolliat, the daughter of one of the authors.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected in altitudes of 1200 m and 1400 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465219), Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands, Kundum, 1400 m, 03 Mar 2007, 05°16.10'S, 144°27.87'E, Kinibel (PNG142). Deposited in ZSM. Paratypes. 31 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465220, 20 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515221; 10 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515222, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype; 1 nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465221, remaining parts in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515287, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Madang, Simbai area, 1200 m, 10 Mar 2007, 05°13.39'S, 144°37.29'E, Kinibel (PNG 152); 1 nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465231, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Bena, 1393 m, 20 Oct 2002, 06°11.02'S, 145°26.41'E, grassland river, K. Sagata leg.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of 21 long, lanceolate, apically pectinate setae; B) maxillary palp much longer than length of galea-lacinia, apically rounded, with excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance, segment III slightly pentagonal, apically slightly pointed; D) fore femur very slender, length ca. 5× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 12 curved, spine-like setae; E) fore claw with one row of eleven denticles.

Larva (Figs 52, 53).

Figure 52. 

Labiobaetis inopinatus sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Labrum dorsal, submarginal seta c Right mandible d Right prostheca e Left mandible f Left prostheca gHypopharynxh Maxilla i Labium.

Figure 53. 

Labiobaetis inopinatus sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw.

Colouration. Unknown.

Labrum (Fig. 52a, b). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of 21 long, lanceolate, apically pectinate setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid setae; ventral surface with seven short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 52c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles plus one small intermediate denticle. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 52e, f). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 4 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 52g). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua slightly concave; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 52h). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and six long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.7× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.2× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment rounded, with excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 52i, j). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with eight spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with five long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with short, fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with five medium, simple setae; ventrally with three long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.7× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with two long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III slightly pentagonal; apex slightly pointed; length 1.2× width; ventrally covered with short and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads unknown.

Foreleg (Fig. 53a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.1:1.0:0.5:0.1. Femur. Length ca. 5× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 12 curved, spine-like setae; length of setae 0.2× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and some short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae along ventral margin; femoral patch absent. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of stout, lanceolate setae and very fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and some longer, spine-like, bipectinate setae and a tuft of long, fine, simple setae on apex. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/3. Tarsus. Dorsal margin bare. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of eleven denticles; tapering distally; with three stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum. Unknown.

Gills. Unknown.

Paraproct. Unknown.

Latin word for unexpected, refers to the unexpected finding of this species amongst other material.

New Guinea.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465230), Papua New Guinea, Gulf Prov., Supa-Hala, 1032 m, 10 Nov 2002, forest stream, K. Sagata leg. Deposited in ZSM.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 4–5 long, simple setae; B) labial palp segment II with elongated thumb-like distomadial protuberance, segment III about semicircular; C) maxillary palp shorter than length of galea-lacinia, without excavation at inner distolateral margin of segment II; D) fore femur rather broad, length ca. 3× maximum width; E) fore claw with a row of 10–12 denticles; F) spines at posterior margin of tergum IV triangular, pointed, longer than wide; G) paraproct distally not expanded.

Paratypes. 2 nymphs (on slides, PERC 0.012.560, PERC 0.012.561), Papua New Guinea, Bulolo River, East of Wau, 2950 ft, 15 Oct 1964, W.L. and J.G. Peters leg.

Larva. Following combinations of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 10–12 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp 1.6× as long as length of galea-lacinia; C) labial palp segment III conical, slightly pointed; D) labial palp segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; E) fore femur slender, length ca. 4× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 27 curved, spine-like setae and with stout, pointed setae near margin.

Larva (Figs 54, 55, 63c). Body length 7.5 mm; antenna approximately 2.5× as long as head length.

Figure 54. 

Labiobaetis pindaundensis sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Right mandible c Right prostheca d Left mandible e Left prostheca fHypopharynxg Maxilla h Labium.

Figure 55. 

Labiobaetis pindaundensis sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Fore claw cTergum IV d Gill IV eParaproct.

Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, head and thorax with bright median, dorsal suture, forewing pads with bright striation. Head, thorax and abdomen ventrally light brown, legs colourless, caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape; flagellum with lanceolate spines on apex of each segment.

Labrum (Fig. 54a). Rectangular, length 0.7× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 10–12 long, simple setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with nine short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 54b, c). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 54d, e). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 54f). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin rounded; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 54g). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and seven long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.6× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 1.9× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment slightly pointed, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 54h). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with ten spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust setae; outer margin with ten long, spine-like setae; ventral surface with fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with ten medium, simple setae; ventrally with six long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short, fine, simple setae ventrally and micropores dorsally. Segment II with a large, lobed distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.8× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of five long, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III conical; apex slightly pointed; length 1.2× width; ventrally covered with medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 55a, b). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.4:1.0:0.8:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 4× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 27 curved, short, spine-like setae and with stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.14× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with two pairs of curved, spine-like setae and many short, stout, pointed setae. Many stout, lanceolate setae and a few fine, simple setae along ventral margin; femoral patch poorly developed. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae and long, fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, apically longer, dense and bipectinate and with a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with many stout, lanceolate setae, partly bipectinate (difficult to see). Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, curved, spine-like setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 13–14 denticles; distally pointed; with 5–6 stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 55c). Surface with irregular rows of U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae, scales short and apically rounded. Posterior margin of tergum IV with rounded spines, wider than long.

Gills (Fig. 55d). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating long, fine, simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV as long as length of segments V, VI and 1/2 VII combined. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII and IX combined.

Paraproct (Fig. 55e). Distally slightly expanded, with many marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to Pindaunde Creek in Papua New Guinea, where the species has been collected.

New Guinea.

The specimens were collected at altitudes of 1700 m, 2600 m and 2900 m a.s.l., partly in forest.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465222), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49.00'S, 145°04.50'E, (GPS), Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2900 m a.s.l. (in forest), S3 (oria.4),18 Aug 1999, leg. L. Čížek. Deposited in MZL. Paratypes. 13 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465223, 8 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515236, GBIFCH 00508125, deposited in MZL; 4 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515237, deposited in ZSM), same data as holotype; 2 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465224, 1 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515238, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Simbu Prov., 05°49.03'S, 145°05.27'E, Mt. Wilhelm, Pindaunde Creek, 2600 m a.s.l. (near fish farm), (9181 ft GPS), S4 (oria.5), 18 Aug 1999, L. Čížek leg.

10 nymphs (1 on slide, GBIFCH 00465225, 9 in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515278, deposited in MZL), Papua New Guinea, Central, Woitape, 1700 m, 01.2008, 08°31.29'S, 147°13.68'E, Posman (PNG 166).

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of 23 long, lanceolate, apically pointed setae; B) maxillary palp with segment II 2.4× longer than length of segment I, slender, apically pointed, without excavation at inner lateral margin; C) labial palp segment III sub-rectangular, apically slightly pointed; D) labial palp segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; E) fore femur slender, length ca. 4× maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of ca. 10 curved, spine-like setae and some stout, pointed setae near margin.

Larva (Figs 56, 57, 63d). Body length 5.4 mm.

Figure 56. 

Labiobaetis vallus sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Labrum dorsal, submarginal seta c Right mandible d Right prostheca e Left mandible f Left prostheca g Left mandible, area between prostheca and mola hHypopharynxi Maxilla j Labium.

Figure 57. 

Labiobaetis vallus sp. n., larva morphology: aForelegb Femur ventral seta c Tibia bipectinate seta d Fore claw eTergum IV f Gill III gParaproct.

Colouration. Thorax and abdomen dorsally brown, with bright pattern as in Fig. 63d. Thorax with bright median, dorsal line. Thorax and abdomen ventrally colourless, abdomen light brown toward the end. Legs colourless, femur with proxomedial and distomedial brown spots, tibia with proximal and distal brown spots. Caudal filaments light brown.

Antenna with scape and pedicel sub-cylindrical, without distolateral process at scape.

Labrum (Fig. 56a, b). Rectangular, length 0.6× maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and a small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal arc of setae composed of 23 long, lanceolate setae. Ventrally with marginal row of setae composed of lateral and anterolateral long, feathered setae and medial long, bifid, pectinate setae; ventral surface with five short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin.

Right mandible (Fig. 56c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate. Margin between prostheca and mola slightly convex. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Left mandible (Fig. 56e–g). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles and one minute intermediate denticle. Prostheca robust, apically with small denticles and comb-shape structure. Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Subtriangular process long and slender, above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present.

Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx (Fig. 56h). Lingua longer than superlingua. Lingua about as broad as long; medial tuft of stout setae present; distal half not expanded. Superlingua rounded; lateral margin angulate; fine, long, simple setae along distal margin.

Maxilla (Fig. 56i). Galea-lacinia with two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta tooth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender, bifid and pectinate. Medially with one bipectinate, spine-like seta and five long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.2× as long as length of galea-lacinia; two segmented. Palp segment II 2.4× length of segment I. Setae on maxillary palp fine and simple, scattered over surface of segments I and II. Apex of last segment slightly pointed, without excavation at inner distolateral margin.

Labium (Fig. 56j). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex; shorter than paraglossa; inner margin with seven spine-like setae increasing in length distally; apex with three long, robust, pectinate setae; outer margin with six long spine-like setae increasing in length distally; ventral surface with fine, simple setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved inward; apex rounded; with three rows of long, robust, apically pectinate setae; dorsally with five medium, simple setae; ventrally with four long, spine-like setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7× length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with short and medium, fine, simple setae ventrally and with micropores dorsally. Segment II with an elongated, thumb-like distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.5× width of base of segment III; inner and outer margin both with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of six medium, spine-like, simple setae. Segment III sub-rectangular; apex slightly pointed; length 1.0× width; ventrally covered with long and medium spine-like, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae.

Hind wing pads absent.

Foreleg (Fig. 57a–d). Ratio of foreleg segments 1.4:1.0:0.6:0.2. Femur. Length ca. 4× maximum width. Dorsal margin with a row of ca. 10 curved, spine-like setae and some stout, pointed setae near margin; length of setae 0.2× maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with one pair of curved, spine-like setae and some minute setae. Stout, lanceolate, bipectinate setae along ventral margin; femoral patch absent. Tibia. Dorsal margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae and long, fine, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like setae, apically longer, dense and bipectinate and with a tuft of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface scattered with stout, lanceolate setae. Tibio-patellar suture present on basal 1/2. Tarsus. Dorsal margin with a row of short, spine-like setae and long, simple setae. Ventral margin with a row of curved, spine-like, bipectinate setae. Tarsal claw with one row of 11–13 denticles; distally pointed; with two stripes; subapical setae absent.

Tergum (Fig. 57e). Surface with irregular rows of shallow U-shaped scale bases and scattered micropores. Posterior margin of tergum IV with triangular spines, longer than wide.

Gills (Fig. 57f). Present on segments II–VII. Margin with small denticles intercalating fine simple setae. Tracheae extending from main trunk to inner and outer margins. Gill IV unknown, gill III as long as segments IV and 1/2 V combined. Gill VII unknown.

Paraproct (Fig. 57g). Distally not expanded, with ca. 21 marginal, stout spines. Surface with U-shaped scale bases and scattered fine, simple setae and micropores. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines.

Refers to the remarkable, fence-like, dorsal, submarginal arc of setae of the labrum.

New Guinea.

The specimen was collected at an altitude of 400 m a.s.l.

Holotype. Nymph (on slide, GBIFCH 00465226), Papua New Guinea, Madang, Keki, Adalbert Mts, 400 m, 29 Nov 2006, 04°43.06'S, 145°24.44'E, Binatang Boys (PNG 119). Deposited in ZSM.

Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal submarginal arc of setae composed of one plus 7–9 long, simple setae; B) maxillary palp shorter than length of galea-lacinia, segment II without excavation at inner distolateral margin; C) labial palp segment II with elongated thumb-like distomedial protuberance, segment III about semicircular; D) femur rather broad, length ca. 2–3× maximum width, dorsal margin with >40 curved, spine-like setae; E) fore claw with a row of 8–10 denticles; F) Gills with strongly developed, dense, pigmented tracheation; G) spines at posterior margin of tergum IV irregular, mostly triangular, apically rounded, wider than long; H) paraproct with marginal spines poorly defined.

Paratypes. 2 nymphs (on slides, PERC 0.012.578, PERC 0.012.579), Papua New Guinea, Morobe Prov., Poverty Cr., Mt. Missim, 1600 m, 18.09. Sept 1983, J.T. and D.A. Polhemus leg.