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The type status is described for specimens of 84 taxa classified within the families Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (superfamily Orthalicoidea) and kept in the Natural History Museum, London. Lectotypes are designated for Bulimus (Liparus) brazieri Angas, 1871; Bulimus broderipii Sowerby I, 1832; Bulimus fuligineus Pfeiffer, 1853; Helix guarani d’Orbigny, 1835; Bulimus (Tomigerus) ramagei E.A. Smith, 1890; Helix rhodinostoma d’Orbigny, 1835; Bulimus (Bulimulus) ridleyi E.A. Smith, 1890. The type status of the following taxa is changed to lectotype in accordance with Art. 74.6 ICZN: Placostylus (Euplacostylus) cylindricus Fulton, 1907; Bulimus pyrostomus Pfeiffer, 1860; Bulimus turneri Pfeiffer, 1860. The following taxon is synonymised: Bulimus oblitus Reeve, 1848 = Bahiensis neglectus (Pfeiffer, 1847).
Bothriembryontidae, Odontostomidae, types
This is the second paper on the types of Orthalicoidea in the Natural History Museum, London. An earlier paper (
Abbreviations used for depositories of material are: ANSP, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, U.S.A.; MHNG, Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, Switserland; MNHN, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MNHNM, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, Uruguay; NHMUK, Natural History Museum, London, U.K.; RBINS, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; RMNH, Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands; SMF, Senckenberg Natur-Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; UF, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, U.S.A.; ZMB, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany. Other abbreviations used are: / end of line in cited text; coll., collection; D, diameter; H, shell height; leg., legit, collected; W, number of whorls. See Fig. 1 for the way measurements of the shell have been taken. Label styles in the Cuming collection (M.C.) are explained in Breure and Ablett (2011: 7–8, fig. 6).
Systematics Systematic list of taxa arranged in generic orderThis systematic list follows
Remarks. The Gondwanan group within the Orthalicoidea (Placostylidae sensu
Aspastus Albers, 1850
Aspastus miltocheilus (Reeve, 1848); Aspastus sellersi (Cox, 1871).
Bothriembryon Pilsbry, 1894
Bothriembryon angasianus (Pfeiffer, 1864); Bothriembryon brazieri(Angas, 1871); Bothriembryon dux (Pfeiffer, 1861); Bothriembryon kingii (J.E. Gray, 1825); Bothriembryon leeuwinensis (E.A. Smith, 1894); Bothriembryon physoides (Reeve, 1849); Bothriembryon rhodostomus (J.E. Gray, 1834); Bothriembryon spenceri (Tate, 1894); Bothriembryon tasmanicus (Pfeiffer, 1853).
Callistocharis Pilsbry, 1900
Callistocharis crassilabrum (Garrett, 1872); Callistocharis ochrostoma (Garrett, 1872); Callistocharis subroseus Fulton, 1915.
Eumecostylus Martens in Albers, 1860
Eumecostylus backhuysi Delsaerdt, 2010; Eumecostylus calus (E.A. Smith, 1891); Eumecostylus cylindricus Fulton, 1907; Eumecostylus foxi Clench, 1941; Eumecostylus hargravesi (Cox, 1871); Eumecostylus sanchristovalensis (Cox, 1870).
Euplacostylus Crosse, 1875
Euplacostylus koroensis(Garrett, 1872).
Placocharis Pilsbry, 1900
Placocharis guppyi E.A. Smith, 1891; Placocharis kreftii (Cox, 1872); Placocharis macgillivrayi (Pfeiffer, 1855); Placocharis strangei (Pfeiffer, 1853).
Placostylus Beck, 1837
Placostylus alba (Crosse, 1874); Placostylus asopeus (Gassies, 1871); Placostylus bairdii (Reeve, 1848); Placostylus bulbulus (Gassies, 1871); Placostylus corpulentus (Gassies, 1871); Placostylus cuninculinsulae (Cox, 1872); Placostylus eddystonensis (Pfeiffer, 1855); Placostylus edwardsianus (Gassies, 1863); Placostylus falcicula (Gassies, 1871); Placostylus gatopensis (Crosse, 1870); Placostylus grammica (Crosse, 1870); Placostylus infundibulum (Gassies, 1871); Placostylus necouensis (Gassies, 1871); Placostylus ouensis (Gassies, 1870); Placostylus pinicola (Gassies, 1870); Placostylus priscus Powell, 1938; Placostylus pyrostomus (Pfeiffer, 1860); Placostylus salomonis (Pfeiffer, 1853); Placostylus savesi (Crosse, 1886); Placostylus singularis (Morelet, 1857); Placostylus sinistrorsa (Crosse, 1884); Placostylus souvillei (Morelet, 1857); Placostylus superfasciatus (Gassies, 1871).
Plectostylus Beck, 1837
Plectostylus broderipii (Sowerby I, 1832); Plectostylus coturnix (Sowerby I, 1832); Plectostylus elegans (Pfeiffer, 1842); Plectostylus elongata (d’Orbigny, 1837); Plectostylus punctulifer (Sowerby I, 1833); Plectostylus reflexus (Pfeiffer, 1842); Plectostylus variegata (Pfeiffer, 1842).
Poecilocharis Kobelt, 1891
Poecilocharis turneri (Pfeiffer, 1860).
Prestonella Connolly, 1929
Prestonella bowkeri (Sowerby III, 1890); Prestonella nuptialis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1894); Prestonella quadingensis Connolly, 1929.
Santacharis Iredale, 1927
Santacharis fuligineus (Pfeiffer, 1853).
Family Odontostomidae Pilsbry and Vanatta, 1894Remarks. We follow here the classification of
Anostoma Fischer von Waldheim, 1807
Anostoma brunneum Verdcourt, 1990; Anostoma carinatum Pfeiffer, 1853.
Bahiensis Jousseaume, 1877
Bahiensis fuscagula d’Orbigny, 1837; Bahiensis guarani (d’Orbigny, 1835); Bahiensis longulus (Pfeiffer, 1859); Bahiensis neglecta (Pfeiffer, 1847); Bahiensis oblita (Reeve, 1848); Bahiensis occultus (Reeve, 1849); Bahiensis paralellus (Pfeiffer, 1857); Bahiensis rhodinostoma (d’Orbigny, 1835).
Biotocus Salgado and Leme, 1990
Biotocus cumingii (Pfeiffer, 1849); Biotocus turbinatus (Pfeiffer, 1845).
Bonnanius Jousseaume, 1900
Bonnanius ramagei (E.A. Smith, 1890).
Clessinia Döring, 1874
Clessinia costatus (Pfeiffer, 1849).
Remarks. Molecular evidence appear to suggest that taxa hitherto placed in Spixia and Clessinia belong to the same group (
Cyclodontina Beck, 1837
Cyclodontina catharinae (Pfeiffer, 1857); Cyclodontina charpentieri (Pfeiffer, 1850); Cyclodontina corderoi Klappenbach, 1958; Cyclodontina minor (d’Orbigny, 1837).
Hyperaulax Pilsbry, 1897
Hyperaulax ridleyi (E.A. Smith, 1890).
Moricandia Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898
Moricandia tolerata (Fulton, 1903).
Odontostomus Beck, 1837
Odontostomus grayanus Pfeiffer, 1845; Odontostomus odontostomus (Sowerby I, 1824).
Remarks.
Plagiodontes Döring, 1876
Plagiodontes dentata (Wood, 1828); Plagiodontes patagonica (d’Orbigny, 1835).
Spixia Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1894
Spixia major (d’Orbigny, 1837).
Alphabetic list of taxa by species namehttp://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ouveanus_alba
Figs 8G–H“in loco Siandé dicto, Novae Caledoniae (E. Marie)”.
“Siandé”; label in Crosse’s handwriting glued to the shell.
“Long. 48, diam. maj. 23 1/2 mill.”; holotype H 48.1, D 23.8, W 6.1.
NHMUK 1929.9.14.6, holotype (Marie coll.).
The shell is accompanied by another label in Crosse’s handwriting, stating that on 30 July 1884 he received a message from E. Marie that this shell had to be considered a monstrosity.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus ouveanus (Dotzauer in Mousson, 1869).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_angasianus
Figs 2A–B, iii“Port Lincoln, South Australia”.
“Port Lincoln / South Australia”; presumably in Angas’ handwriting.
“Long. 25 1/2, diam. 14 mill.”; syntype H 20.6 D 14.6, W 4.5.
NHMUK 1870.10.26.176, one syntype (Angas coll.).
The label bears “type” in the original handwriting, but the specimen does not match the dimensions given by Pfeiffer. There are three additional syntypes in the Angas collection in the Hancock Museun [now part of the Great North Museum in Newcastle-upon-Tyne] (D. Gordon, pers. comm.)
Bothriembryontidae, Bothriembryon angasianus (Pfeiffer, 1864).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_asopeus
Figs 7E, 7v[New Caledonia] “Ile des Pins, sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie”.
No information given. The specimen is marked by Gassies with “T” on the ventral side of the last whorl.
“Long. 50 mill.; diam. maj. 34”; holotype H 49.7, D 35.1, W 6.5.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1173, holotype, R.P. Lambert leg. (ex Gassies).
The specimen is a monstrosity and was classified as Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784) in a recent revision by
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Eumecostylus_vicinus_backhuysi
“Marau area, SE Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands”.
“Marau area, SE Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands”.
“68.4 x 29.3 mm”; holotype H 68.4, D 29.3, W 4+.
NHM 20100568, holotype, R. Moylan leg. (ex Delsaerdt ex Backhuys).
The apex of the specimen is missing.
Bothriembryontidae, Eumecostylus vicinus backhuysi Delsaerdt, 2010.
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_bairdii
Figs 7A, 7i“—?”.
No locality given. “Type specimen” added in a later handwriting (E.A. Smith?)
Not given. Specimen figured herein H 78.1, D 36.2, W 7.3.
NHMUK 1975223, lectotype.
Reeve indicated that his specimen was in “Mus. Brit.”. His description leaves room for the possibility that Reeve passed additional specimens to other collectors/institutions; therefore, we concur with
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_bowkeri
Figs 6A–C, 6i[South Africa] “Somerset (East), Cape Colony. Forest about 3, 000 ft above sea level (Col. Bowker)”.
“Somerset (East), Cape / Colony. Forest about / 3, 000 ft above sea level / Col. Bowker”.
“Long. 20, maj. diam. 11 mill.”; lectotype H 19.6, D 10.3, W 4.7.
NHM 1889.11.4.9, lectotype.
Bothriembryontidae, Prestonella bowkeri (Sowerby III, 1890).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_brazieri
Figs 2C–E, 2ii[Western Australia] “Sinclair’s Range, King George’s Sound”; see Remarks.
“ Stirling Range, King George’s Sound”.
“Length 8 lines, breadth 4 lines”; lectotype H 14.3, D 8.7, W 4.9.
NHMUK 1870.11.5.8, lectotype, and one paralectotype (Angas coll.).
According to
Bothriembryontidae, Bothriembryon brazieri (Angas, 1871).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulinus_broderipii
Figs 4A–B, 4i“prope Copiapo Chilensium”.
“Chili” (in a later handwriting on board). M.C. label style I.
“long. 1 6/8, lat. 1 1/8 poll. [44.3, 28.5 mm]”; lectotype H 44.3, D 26.1, W 5.9.
NHMUK 20100655, lectotype, and three paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
This taxon may be confused with several other Plectostylus species; a revision of this group is pending (F. Cádiz, pers. commun.). One of the specimens matches the original shell height and corresponds to the figures in
Bothriembryontidae, Plectostylus broderipii (Sowerby I, 1832).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Anostoma_octodentatum_brunneum
Figs 16D–F“Brazil, Goias State, about 20 km SE. Dianapolis, near Jardim”.
“Brazil, Goiás, near Jardim, c. 20 km SE Dianapolis”.
“Alt. 16 mm, greater diam. 33–34 mm”; holotype H 16.3, D 32.6, W 4.3.
NHMUK 1990125, holotype and NHMUK 1990126, (juvenile) paratype (R.M. Hartley leg., 12.ii.1987); in ethanol.
A paratype in the MZSP collection was figured by
Odontostomidae, Anostoma octodentatum brunneum Verdcourt, 1991.
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_bulbulus
Figs 7F, 7vi[New Caledonia] “les environs de Nouméa, de Concepcion, Baie du Sud, etc., fossile à l’île des Pins”.
No type locality. Taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting.
“Diam. maj. 4 mill., alt. 5 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 4.13, D 3.56, W 2.1.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.223-229, seven syntypes (Gassies coll.).
Remarks. Three specimens are still glued on board, four others separate in capsule. These specimens are juveniles, probably of Placostylus fibratus (Martyn, 1784).
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus cf. fibratus (Martyn, 1784).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_calus
Figs 11A, 11i“Solomon Islands”.
“Solomon Is.”, in Smith’s handwriting.
“Longit. 78 millim., diam. maj. 33”; lectotype H 78, D 33.7, W 5+.
NHMUK 1891.11.3.4, lectotype; NHMUK1891.11.3.5-6, two paralectotypes (ex Brazier).
The apex of the lectotype is damaged.
Bothriembryontidae, Eumecostylus calus (E.A. Smith, 1891).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Anostoma_carinatum
Figs 16A–C, 16i“Brasilia (Mus. Dennison.)”.
“Brazils”.
“Diam. maj. 24 1/2, (..) alt. 13 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 13.3, D 24.3, W 4.9.
NHMUK 20100509, three syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. Although the taxon label is not in Pfeiffer’s handwriting, the specimens fit the original measurements and are considered probable syntypes.
Odontostomidae, Anostoma carinatum Pfeiffer, 1853.
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_catharinae
Figs 23A–B, 23i“St. Catherine’s, Brazil”.
“St Catherines Brazil”; taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting.
“23–25, 7 1/2–8 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 24.4, D 7.5, W 8.1.
NHMUK 1975261, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
Simone revalidated this taxon without providing further discussion; however, we follow here the synonymization of
Odontostomidae, Cyclodontina fusiformis (Menke, 1828).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_charpentieri
Figs 21G–I, 21ii“Cardova [sic, Córdoba] reipubl. Argentinae”.
“Brazils”. M.C. label style III.
“Long. 20, diam. 5 2/3 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 17.9, D 5.15, W 9.2.
NHMUK 20110386, syntype (Cuming coll.).
Odontostomidae, Cyclodontina charpentieri (Pfeiffer, 1850).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Cyclodontina_corderoi
Figs 21J–K, 21iii[Uruguay] “Pozo Hondo, próxima a la población Tambores en el departemento de Tacuarembó”.
“Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Depto Tacuarembó, Rep. del Uruguay”.
“Largo total 17.5, Ancho 5 (en millimetros)”; specimen figured herein H 16.1, D 5.44, W 7+.
NHMUK 1961679, three paratypes, M.A. Klappenbach & P. San Martin leg., 12.x.1957, ex MNHNM 0716.
The apex of the shell is slightly damaged.
Odontostomidae, Cyclodontina corderoi Klappenbach, 1958.
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_corpulentus
Figs 10A, 10i“Fossile à l’île des Pins et à l’îlot Koutoumo”.
“New Caledonia”.
“Long. 100 mill.; diam. maj. 55 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 94.0, D 64.0, W 6.7.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1178, syntype, R.P. Lambert leg. (ex Gassies).
The surface of the specimen is covered by various encrustations.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus corpulentus (Gassies, 1871).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_costatus
Figs 22F–G, 22ii“Brasilia” [Brazil].
“Brazil”. M.C. label style III. Another label indicates that this specimen was also figured in Reeve’s Conchologica Iconica.
“Long. 18, diam. 5 1/2 mill.”; lectotype H 17.8, D 5.6, W 8.8.
NHMUK 1975250, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
Although the first publication was in
Odontostomidae, Clessinia costata (Pfeiffer, 1848).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulinus_coturnix
Figs 4C–D, 4ii[Chile] “Huasco”.
“Huasco”. M.C. label style I.
“Long 1 1/4, lat. 7/8 poll. [H 31.7, D 22.2 mm]”; specimen figured herein H 32.4, D 21.0, W 5.0.
NHMUK 20100620, five possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Of the five specimens, only one is adult; although it does not correspond to the original measurements, it originates from the type locality. The material is considered as possible syntypes.
Bothriembryontidae, Plectostylus coturnix (Sowerby I, 1832).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_crassilabrum
Figs 13A, 13i[Fiji] “Vanna Levu Id., Viti Isles”.
“Vanua Levu”.
“Length 41 mill., diam. 21 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 44.0, D 22.1, W 5.1.
NHMUK 20030801, one syntype, ex Kennard ex Garrett coll. (“cotype ex auct.”).
Richardson (1995: 286) placed this taxon in the synonymy of Aspastus rugatus (Garrett, 1872), without further comments. Judging by the descriptions and figures of both species, there is every reason to consider these two taxa identical. Based on Garrett’s 1872 paper, Bulimus crassilabrum has page priority.
Bothriembryontidae, Callistocharis crassilabrum (Garrett, 1872).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Tomigerus_cumingii
Figs 19A–C, 19i“Para[, ] Brasiliae”.
“Para”. M.C. label style III.
“Diam. maj. 7 1/2, min. 5, alt. 6 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 6.45, D 6.72, W 4.8.
NHMUK 1975587, three syntypes, ex Newcomb (Cuming coll.).
Odontostomidae, Biotocus cumingii (‘Newcomb’ Pfeiffer, 1849).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_cuninculinsulae
Figs 12C, 12iii[Australia] “Rabbit Island, near Lord Howe’s Island, Pacific Ocean”.
“Rabbit Is. / near Lord / Howe’s Is. / Pacific ocean”.
“Length 1.65, breadth 0.75 of an inch [H 41.9, D 19.1 mm]”; lectotype H 41.6, D 20.5, W 5.6.
NHMUK 1880.12.11.47-48, lectotype and one paralectotype (ex Cox).
The specimen figured by Cox (1872) has been chosen by Breure and Schouten (1985) as the lectotype; the paralectotype matches the original measurements (H 41.9).
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus cuninculinsulae (Cox, 1872).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_cylindricus
Figs 11C, 11iii“Isabel Island, Solomons” (see remarks).
“Isabel Id. / Solomon Ids.”, in Fulton’s handwriting.
“Maj. diam. 23, alt. 71 mm.”; lectotype H 71.3, D 27.4, W 6.7.
NHMUK 1907.5.3.160, lectotype (ex Fulton).
Bothriembryontidae, Eumecostylus cylindricus (Fulton, 1907).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Pupa_dentata
Figs 25A–D, 25iNot given.
“Montevideo”.
Not given. Specimen figured herein H 14.16, D 7.17, W 7.9.
NHMUK 1840.9.12.50, two syntypes, ex Mrs. Mawe.
Wood (1828: 24) referred to material from “Br.M. [British Museum]”. This supports the claim expressed on the label that this material may be considered as probable syntypes. It is not clear, however, on what evidence the locality “Montevideo” is based, as Wood did not state it in his publication. One specimen is damaged.
Odontostomidae, Plagiodontes dentata (Wood, 1828).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_dux
Figs 3A–B, 3i“King George’s Sound, [Western] Australia”.
“King Georges Sound / W. Australia”; taxon label damaged, possibly in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
“Long. 51, diam. 26 mill.”; lectotype H 48.5, D 28, W 6.0.
Type material. NHMUK 19598, lectotype; 19599, two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
These specimens were identified by E.A. Smith as type material.
Bothriembryontidae, Bothriembryon dux (Pfeiffer, 1861).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_eddystonensis
Figs 9D, 9iv“Eddystone Island, Australian Seas” [Solomon Islands; see remarks].
“Eddystone Isld / Australian sea”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
“Long. 74, diam. 34 mill.”; lectotype H 73.3, D 36.3, W 6.2.
NHMUK 1975230, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
Remarks. The type locality was in error and was subsequently corrected to New Caledonia, Hienghène (
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus eddystonensis (Pfeiffer, 1855).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_edwardsianus
Figs 9F, 9vi[New Caledonia] “Nékété, Kanala, l’île Nu, l’île Pôt”.
“Nékété”, taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting, marked “T”.
“Long. 80 mill.—Diam. maj. 34 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 72.0, D 36.5, W 6.7.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1172, one possible syntype (ex Gassies ex Marie).
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus caledonicus (Petit de la Saussaye, 1845).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Succinea_elegans
Figs 4G–H, 4iv“Huasco, Chile (Bridges)”.
“Questa de Arenas / Huasco, Chili”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
“Long. 36, diam. 17 mill.”; lectotype H 30.0, D 16.2, W 5.1.
NHMUK 1975360, lectotype; 1975361, three paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
The lectotype corresponds to the specimen figured by Pfeiffer (1855 [1840–1865]). The original shell height may have been in error. This taxon is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Bulinus broderipii Sowerby I, 1832 (F. Cádiz, unpublished data).
Bothriembryontidae, Plectostylus broderipii (Sowerby I, 1832) (synon. n.).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_broderipi_elongata
Figs 4E–F, 4iii“Cobija, Bolivia” [Chile].
“Cobija”; in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
“Long. 30 millim.; lat. 17 millim.”; lectotype H 30.5, D 16.4, W 5.2.
NHMUK 1854.12.4.102, lectotype and six paralectotypes (d’Orbigny coll.).
No material of this taxon has been found in the MNHN. As the species was not figured by d’Orbigny, the specimen that most closely matches the given dimensions has been chosen as the lectotype. This taxon is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Bulinus broderipii Sowerby I, 1832 (F. Cádiz, unpublished data).
Bothriembryontidae, Plectostylus broderipii (Sowerby I, 1832) (synon. n.).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_falcicula
Figs 7B, 7ii[New Caledonia] “Baie du Sud (Nouvelle-Calédonie)”.
No locality label; taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting.
“Long. 80 mill.; diam. maj. 40 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 74.5, D 35.9, W 6.5.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1174, syntype, R.P. Lambert leg. (ex Gassies).
The taxon label is marked “T”, and the shell is marked with “245” on the last whorl.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_foxi
Figs 11B, 11ii“Heuru western end of San Cristobal Island, Solomon Islands”.
“Brit. Solomon Isl. / Heuru, western Cristobal Isl.”.
“Length 86.8, Gt. width 32 [mm]”; specimen figured herein H 82.3, D 31.5, W 5.9.
NHMUK 1953.2.4.1, paratype (ex Schlesch).
Bothriembryontidae, Eumecostylus foxi (Clench, 1950).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_fuligineus
Figs 15A, 15i[Vanuatu] “Novis Hebridis”.
“New Hebrides”. “Isle of Aneiteum”; taxon labels in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.
“Long. 38, diam. 16 mill.”; lectotype H 39.4, D 19.2, W 4.6.
NHMUK 1975226, lectotype and two paralectotypes; 20100650, three paralectotypes of the varietal form, all Macgillivray leg. (Cuming coll.).
Two lots, each consisting of three specimens proved to be present, one corresponding to the variety recognized by Pfeiffer (1859). All material was taken at Vanuatu, Prov. Tafea, Anatom (of which Anaiteum and Aneityum are a few of the variant names), according to the label glued inside the aperture of one of the specimens and the label of the variety lot. The specimen figured by Pfeiffer (1854: pl. 48 figs 5–6) is now seclected lectotype (design. n.).
Bothriembryontidae, Santacharis fuligineus (Pfeiffer, 1853).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_fuscagula
Figs 23E–F, 23iii[Brazil] “Rio de Janeiro”.
“In Bresil”
“Long. 30 millim.; lat. 8 millim.”; lectotype H 28.6, D 7.6, W 9.4.
NHMUK 1854.12.4.141, lectotype (d’Orbigny coll.).
This specimen was thought by d’Orbigny to represent Auricula fuscagula Lea, 1837 [= Cyclodontina punctatissima (Lesson, 1830)], which is, however, a distinct species. The type lot consisted of a second specimen (NHMUK 1854.12.4.142) which indeed belongs to this species described by Lesson. Therefore, to solve the potential confusion, specimen NHMUK 1854.12.4.141 is here designated as lectotype (design. n.) of Bulimus fuscagula d’Orbigny.
Odontostomidae, Bahiensis fuscagula (d’Orbigny, 1837).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_souvillei_gatopensis
Figs 8B–C, 8iii“Gatope et in loco ‘Ferme modèle’ dicto, Novae Caledoniae. (E. Marie)”.
No locality given. Taxon label in Crosse’s handwriting (?).
“Long. 88–95, diam. maj. 47–56 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 94.5, D 55.5, W 6.5.
NHMUK 1929.9.14.4, syntype, ex Marie coll.
A label (from Crosse?) with the note “type” is glued on the dorsal side of the last whorl.
Current systematic position. Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus guestieri (Gassies, 1869).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_fibratus_grammica
Figs 9A, 9i“Nouvelle-Calédonie”.
“New Caledonia” added in a later handwriting. “type de l’auteur” glued on shell.
“Long. 111, diam. maj. 47 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 111.3, D 52.5, W 7.4.
NHMUK 1929.9.14.5, syntype, ex Marie coll.
In the recent revision of New Caledonian Placostylus (
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus goroensis (Souverbie, 1870).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_grayanus
Figs 24E–H, 24ii“Brazils”.
“Brazil”. M.C. label style III.
“Long. 35, diam. 11 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 34.1, D 12.8, W 6.0.
NHMUK 20110387, syntype (Cuming coll.).
Odontostomidae, Odontostomus grayanus (Pfeiffer, 1845).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Helix_guarani
Figs 18A–B, 18iii“provincia Corrientesensi (republica Argentina)”.
“corrientes. rep. Argentina”, label in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
“Longit. 23 millim., latit. 8 1/2”; lectotype H 20.5, D 7.4, H 8.1.
NHMUK 1854.12.4.140, lectotype and one paralectotype (d’Orbigny coll.).
The specimen corresponding to
Odontostomidae, Bahiensis guarani (d’Orbigny, 1835).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_guppyi
Figs 14C, 14iii“Solomon Islands”; restricted to West Guadalcanal by
“Solomon Is.”, taxon label in Smith’s handwriting.
“Longit. 80 millim., diam. maj. 37”; lectotype H 80.1, D 40.1, W 5.5.
NHMUK 1891.11.6.110, lectotype; 1891.11.6.111, paralectotype, Brazier leg.
Bothriembryontidae, Placocharis guppyi (E.A. Smith, 1891).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_hargravesi
Figs 12A, 12i“Treasury Island, Solomon Islands”, corrected to Malaita, Solomon Islands (
“Solomon Isls”.
“Diam. 1.05, long. 2.60 unc. [H 64.3, D 25.9 mm]”; lectotype H 65.0, D 30.9, W 5.3.
NHMUK 1880.12.11.43, lectotype (ex Cox).
The holotype designation (
Bothriembryontidae, Eumecostylus hargravesi (Cox, 1871).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_infundibulum
Figs 8A, 8i[New Caledonia] “Ilôt Koutoumo, sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie”.
No locality label. Taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting and marked “T”.
“Long. 75 mill.; diam. maj. 40”; holotype H 75.6, D 46, W 6.5.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1163, holotype, ex Gassies.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus guestieri (Gassies, 1869)
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_kingii
Figs 2F–G, 2i[Australia] “New Holland, Capt. King”.
“Australia”.
“Long. 1, diam. 1/2 unc.”; lectotype H 24.5, D 10.6, W 5.5.
NHMUK 195910, lectotype; 195911, one paralectotype, ex P.P. King R.N.
According to Pilsbry (1900) and
Bothriembryontidae, Bothriembryon kingii (J.E. Gray, 1825).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_koroensis
Figs 13E, 13iv“Koro Isl., Viti Isles”.
“Koro, Viti”.
“Length 53 mill.; diam. 18 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 51.2, D 18.0, W 5.1.
NHMUK 20030802, two probable syntypes, ex Taylor, ex Garrett.
Bothriembryontidae, Euplacostylus koroensis (Garrett, 1872).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_kreftii
Figs 14A, 14i–ii“Solomon Islands”, restricted to Florida Islands by
“Solomon Isles”, in Cox’ handwriting (see remarks).
“Length 2.10, breadth 0.92 of an inch [H 53.3, D 23.3]”; specimen figured herein H 54.9, D 24.3, W 5.2.
NHMUK 20070068, lectotype and three paralectotypes, ex Kennard ex Cox; 1880.12.11.46, paralectotype, ex Cox.
Both series are accompanied by a label in Cox’ handwriting. The specimen registered 1880.12.11.46 was presented by J.C. Cox, has a taxon label “Bulimus kreftii” and corresponds to pl.4 fig. 4 of Cox (1872). The other lot (ex A.S. Kennard collection) has a taxon label “Placostylus krefftii” [sic, misspelled] and is “(Ex Auct.)”; the locality on Kennard’s label “New Caledonia” is clearly in error. It is therefore more likely that the specimen presented by Cox was truly part of the type series; those from the Kennard collection may have been collected at a later stage, for which the genus name Placostylus on the taxon label written by Cox (Fig. 14ii) is an indication.
Bothriembryontidae, Placocharis kreftii (Cox, 1872).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_leeuwinensis
Figs 3C–E, 3ii“Cape Leeuwin, S.W. Australia”.
“Cape Leeuwin, S.W. Australia”.
“Longit. 27 mm.; diam. 12.5 mm.”; lectotype H 27, D 13.7, W 5.4.
NHMUK 1891.11.21.128, lectotype; 1891.11.21.129–132, four paralectotypes, J.J. Walker leg.
Bothriembryontidae, Bothriembryon leeuwinensis (E.A. Smith, 1894).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_longulus
Figs 17A–B, 17i[Brazil] “Chicatas Brasiliae”.
“Brazils”. M.C. label style III.
“Long. 30, diam. 7 1/2 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 29.8, D 7.23, W 11.2.
NHMUK 20110388, syntype (Cuming coll.).
Pfeiffer (1859) stated that the material was in “Mus. Cuming”. The specimens found are not accompanied by a taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting, but their type status is not disputed.
Odontostomidae, Bahiensis longulus (Pfeiffer, 1859).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_macgillivrayi
Figs 14B, 14v“Wanderer Bay, Guadalcanar, Salomon’s Islands (Macgillivray)”.
“Wanderer Bay, Guadal- / canar, Solomon’s Islds (Macgillivray)”. M.C. label style III.
“Long. 59, diam. 22 mill.”; lectotype H 58.5, D 24.2, W 5.4.
NHMUK 1975232, lectotype, and two paralectotypes, Macgillivray leg. (Cuming coll.).
Bothriembryontidae, Placocharis macgillivrayi (Pfeiffer, 1855).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Pupa_spixii_major
Figs 22A–E, 22i“...pays habité par les Guarayos, au sein des forêts humides des frontiers nord de la province de Chiquitos (république de Bolivia), et dans la province de Corrientes (république Argentine), en un bois voisin de la rivière de Santa-Lucia, au lieu dit “Pasto reito””; see Breure 1973: 122.
Two labels, “guarayos” and “corrientes, Rep. Argentina”, both in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
“Long. var. A, 35 millim., (...) Lat. var. A, 12 millim.”; lectotype H 34.8, D 11, W 10.6.
NHMUK 1854.12.4.232, lectotype, matching best the original shell height; NHMUK 1854.12.4.232, six paralectotypes (d’Orbigny coll.).
In
Odontotomidae, Spixia striata (Spix, 1827).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_miltocheilus
Figs 10C, 10iii[Solomon Islands] “San Christoval, southeastern island of Solomon’s Group, northeast coast of New Holland”. Restricted to [Makira] “Kirakira (Wainoni-Bay)” by
“San Cristoval, Solomon Is.”. M.C. label style IV.
Not given. Specimen figured herein H 68.3, D 25.0, W 6.0.
NHMUK 20070072, two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
Bothriembryontidae, Aspastus miltocheilus (Reeve, 1848).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Pupa_spixii_minor
Figs 21A–F, 21i[Bolivia] “province de Chiquitos, entre Santo-Corazon et San-Juan”; see Breure 1973: 123.
“chiquitos, Bolivia”; in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
“Long. (...) var. B, 30 millim. Lat. (...) var. B, 7 millim.”; lectotype H 29.2, D 7.46, W 11.1.
NHMUK 1854.12.4.231, lectotype and seven paralectotypes.
In
Odontostomidae, Cyclodontina minor (d’Orbigny, 1837).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_necouensis
Figs 8I, 8iv[New Caledonia] “Nécoué, Baie Lebris (Nouvelle-Calédonie)”.
No locality information on the label, which gives the taxon name as “Bulimus Nekouensis”. A second label states “New Caledonia” but this is likely to have been added after the receipt of the material.
“Long. 77 mill.; diam. maj. 33 mill.”; holotype H 73.9, D 33.6, W 6.5.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1175, holotype, E. Marie leg. (ex Gassies).
The specimen is marked “T” above the aperture on the last whorl.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus alexander (Crosse, 1855).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_neglectus
Figs 18H–I, 18i[Brazil] “Brasilia”.
“Brazils”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style I.
“Long 19, diam. 6 mill.”; lectotype H 16.8, D 5.18, W 8.2.
NHMUK 1975263, lectotype and one paralectotype (Cuming coll.).
A note accompanies the material stating “types / var. designation not Pfeiffer’s”. However, the label on the back of the cardbox has Pfeiffer’s handwriting, and the type status of these specimens is not disputed here.
Odontostomidae, Bahiensis neglecta (Pfeiffer, 1847).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Buliminus_nuptialis
Figs 6D–F, 6iii[South Africa, Eastern Cape] “Craigie Burn, Somerset East (Mrs. Mary Layard Barber)”.
“Craigie Burn, Somerset / East, S. Africa”.
“Long. 15, lat. 8.50 mill.”; holotype H 14.6, D 9.82, W 4.4.
NHMUK 1905.1.26.29, holotype, Mrs. Mary Layard Barber (née Bowker) (ex E.L. Layard ex Ponsonby).
The data on the collector and the way this specimen has found its way to the NHMUK collection have been taken from
Bothriembryontidae, Prestonella nuptialis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1894).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_oblitus
Figs 18F–G, 18ii“Brazil”.
“Brazil”. M.C. label style III.
Not given. Lectotype H 20.9, D 6.27, W 9.2+.
NHMUK 1975254, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).
This species is tentatively classified with Bahiensis, awaiting a revision at generic level of this group. Bulimus oblitus is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Bahiensis neglecta (Pfeiffer, 1847) (synon.n.).
Odontostomidae, Bahiensis neglecta (Pfeiffer, 1847).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_occultus
Figs 17C–D, 17ii“Brazil”.
“Brazil”. M.C. label style III.
Not given. Lectotype H 23.6, D 5.8, W 9.0.
NHMUK 1975258, lectotype (Cuming coll.).
See also the discussion under Bulimus parallelus Pfeiffer, 1857.
Odontostomidae, Bahiensis occultus (Reeve, 1849).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ochrostoma
Figs 13B, 13iii[Fiji, Taviuni Island] “Tavinni [sic] Island, Viti Islands”.
“Taviuni, Viti”.
“Length 29 mill., diam. 16 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 35.8, D 18.3, W 4.7.
NHMUK 20030803, two probable syntypes (ex Taylor ex Garrett).
Garrett’s original description mentioned that types were in the author’s collection and in the ANSP. The specimens originate from Garrett and were probably part of the original series.
Bothriembryontidae, Callistocharis ochrostoma (Garrett, 1872).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_odontostoma
Figs 24A–D, 24i[Brazil] “Rio de Janeiro”.
“Brazil”, in a later hand. M.C. label style IV.
“Axis 1 4/10, diam. 4/10 unc. [H 35.6, D 10.16 mm]”; specimen figured herein H 37.1, D 12.8, W 6.2.
NHMUK 20100632, two possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).
According to Sowerby, he had seen “A few specimens...”. Since it is not unlikely that Sowerby made use of the Cuming collection to describe species (
Odontostomidae, Odontostomus gargantua (Férussac, 1821).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ouensis
Figs 7D, 7iv“Insula Ouen, Novae Caledoniae”.
Only a taxon label is present, with the name written in Gassies’ handwriting and marked “T”.
“Long. 86, diam. maj. 41 mill.”; holotype H 83.7, D 40.7, W 7.3.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1176, holotype (ex Gassies).
The specimen is marked “T” on the last whorl beside the aperture.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_parallelus
Figs 17E–F, 17iii“St. Catherine’s, Brazil”.
“St. Catherines Brazil”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.
“Long. 22, diam. 7 mill.”; lectotype H 22.5, D 7.17, W 7.3.
NHMUK 1975256, lectotype and one paralectotype (Cuming coll.).
Odontostomidae, Bahiensis occultus (Reeve, 1849).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Helix_patagonica
Figs 25E–G, 25ii[Argentina] “Patagonia”.
Label. “baie blanche [Bahia Blanca], Patagonia”, in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.
“Longit. 22 1/2 millim., latit. 11 millim.”; specimen figured herein H 22.3, D 11.2, W 7.5.
NHMUK 1854.12.4.235, five paralectotypes (d’Orbigny coll.).
The lectotype is in the MNHN collection (
Odontostomidae, Plagiodontes patagonica (d’Orbigny, 1835).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_physoides
Figs 2H–I, 2iv“—?”.
“W. Australia”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.
Not given. Specimen figured herein H 19.2, D 11.22, W 5.0.
NHMUK 1975224–1975225, three possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).
Reeve (legend to pl. 70: “Mus. Pfeiffer”) evidently based his description on material from Pfeiffer, who referred to “physodes (Menke mss.)”; this species was published as such by
Bothriembryontidae, Bothriembryon melo (Quoy and Gaimard, 1832).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_pinicola
Figs 8D, 8ii“Insula Pinorum, Novae Caledoniae”.
Only a taxon label “Bulimus pinicula” in Gassies handwriting, marked “T”.
“Long. 90, diam. maj. 44 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 92.8, D 44.3, W 6.7.
NHMUK 1883.11.10.1164, one syntype (ex Gassies).
Marked “T” on last whorl besides aperture.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus fibratus guestieri (Gassies, 1869).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_ambagiosus_priscus
Fig. 12D[New Zealand, North Island] “about three quarters of a mile east of the extreme north-western headland [Cape Maria van Diemen]”.
“Cape Maria van Diemen (mainland)”
“Height, 77 mm.; breadth, 31 mm.”; specimen figured herein H 70.3, D 28.5, W 6.5.
NHMUK 1939.3.17.18, one paratype (ex Powell).
The holotype of this subspecies, which is supposedly of Pleistocene age, is in the Auckland Museum.
Bothriembryontidae, Placostylus ambagiosus Suter, 1906.