♀, Ecuador: Mor. [Morona] Santiago, Miazal, 50 km. SE Macas, 1-4/7-1-1993, 300 m., M & J. Wasbauer Coll. (BBSL).

This species belongs to the haeckeli-lineatifrons species group sensu Camargo and Moure (1994) recognized by the anterior margin of scutum rounded and the presence of maculations on frons, gena, mese- and metepisternum. It is most similar to Paratrigona haeckeli (Friese) sharing the maculations on face, thick antennal scape (1.4–1.5 times width of third flagellomere), and body predominantly ferruginous. It can be easily distinguished from that species and any other species of the genus by the distinctive shape and pubescence of the antennal scape. In Paratrigona scapisetosa the scape is distinctly convex on its outer margin, abruptly narrowed on basal one-fourth, and bears long (0.5 times width of third flagellomere), stiff, erect, simple hairs along its inner margin (Fig. 4). In Paratrigona haeckeli the scape is gently convex on its inner margin, straight or nearly so on its outer margin, and lacks long hairs (Fig. 5). Also, Paratrigona scapisetosa differs from Paratrigona haeckeli in the preoccipital margin laterally with few stiff, erect simple hairs as those on scape, and the propodeum yellow laterally (Fig. 1).

Worker: Total body length 4.3 mm; head width 1.7 mm; forewing length 3.5 mm. Head slightly wider than long; inner orbits of compound eyes converging below (Fig. 3); malar area subequal to width of third flagellomere; clypeus about twice as broad as long; interalveolar distance equal to median ocellar diameter, shorter (0.8x) than alveolar diameter; alveolocular distance 1.7 times alveolar diameter, 2.1 times interalveolar distance; interocellar distance about two times median ocellar diameter, 1.2 times longer than ocellocular distance; ocelloccipital distance about 1.3 times median ocellar diameter; scape 3.3 times longer than wide, 1.5 times broader than width of third flagellomere, distinctly convex on outer margin, abruptly narrowed on basal one-fourth; pedicel about as long as broad, slightly shorter than first flagellomere; flagellomeres slightly broader than long, except apical flagellomere much longer than broad (Fig. 4); compound eye 2.7 times longer than broad; gena 0.7 times narrower than compound eye in profile. Scutum with anterior margin rounded, 1.2 times broader than long, about twice as long as scutellum; scutellum 1.4 times broader than long, narrowly rounded on distal margin (long-paraboloid sensu Camargo and Moure 1994); hind tibia 2.6 times longer than broad; hind basitarsus about twice as long as broad, strongly projecting on posterodistal margin.

Integument in general finely and densely punctate, dull, as in other species of the genus; propodeum without impunctate midline.

Color predominantly ferruginous, except: black on upper two-thirds of frons, apex of scape, pedicel, flagellum; dark reddish brown on subantennal area, epistomal sulcus, malar area, mandible distally (darker on teeth), mesepisternum ventrally, hind tibia distally, outer surfaces of middle and hind basitarsi; yellow maculations as follows: mandible basally, labrum, scape, face (Fig. 3), gena and vertex with complete, thin band (at most as wide as median ocellar diameter), pronotum, pronotal lobe, anterior one-third of tegula, costal sclerite, mesepisternum laterally, metepisternum entirely, propodeum laterally, scutum laterally with broad band (as wide as median ocellar diameter), axilla, lateral and distal margins of scutellum with narrower band than on scutum, apices of middle and hind femora, outer surfaces of fore and middle tibiae with narrow band, hind tibia with band on posterior margin, fore and middle basitarsi basally. Wing membrane subhyaline with weak greenish and coppery reflections; veins and stigma dark brown (Figs 1, 2).

Body sparsely covered with minute, appressed, simple yellowish to whitish hairs except as follows: inferior margin of mandible, labrum, and hypostomal area with long (about as long as median ocellar diameter), erect hairs; scape with stiff, erect, simple hairs (0.5 times width of third flagellomere) along inner margin (Fig. 4); gena laterally with few stiff, erect hairs as those on scape; mesepisternum ventrally, middle and hind coxae, sterna with much longer, erect simple hairs (about twice as long as median ocellar diameter); sides of propodeum with dense, branched, semierect hairs (0.5 times median ocellar diameter) partially obscuring integument.

Male: Unknown.

Queen: Unknown.

The specific epithet is a combination of the Latin words “scāpus” and “saetae”, in reference to the distinctly long hairs along the inner margin of the antennal scape.

An additional female specimen of Paratrigona scapisetosa from Sierra de Chiribiquete in Colombia (Department of Caquetá) has been examined by one of us (VHG) but it was not available for study. The propodeum laterally with yellow maculations of Paratrigona scapisetosa is a character only shared with Paratrigona ornaticeps.

♀, Paraguay: San Pedro, Cororo-Rio Ypane, XII-5/9-1983, Malaise Trap, M. Wasbauer coll. (BBSL).

54♀, 28♂, with same data as holotype but collected on November 24–30, and December 1–4 (BBSL, DZUP, SEMC).

This species belongs to the lineata species group sensu Camargo and Moure (1994) recognized by the anterior margin of scutum rounded and the absence of maculations on frons, gena, mese- and metepisternum (Figs 6–8). It is most similar to Paratrigona lineata (Friese) sharing the narrow antennal scape (narrower than width of third flagellomere), and the presence of hairs on the disc of scutellum distally and mesepisternum dorsally (Figs 9, 10). It can be easily distinguished from that species by the absence of hairs on the disc of the scutum in both sexes and the digitiform basal projection of the penis valve in the male (Figs 18, 19). The new species also resembles Paratrigona glabella Camargo and Moure and Paratrigona incerta Camargo and Moure in the absence of erect hairs on the scutum; however, in those species the mesepisternum lacks erect hairs dorsally and the erect hairs of the scutellum are either short (at most half median ocellar diameter) or restricted to its distal margin or inferior surface. Also, the basal projection of the penis valve of the male is short and pointed in Paratrigona glabella (male of Paratrigona incerta unknown), not digitiform as in Paratrigona wasbaueri (cf., Camargo and Moure 1994; fig 143).

Worker: Total body length 4.2 mm (3.8–5.2 mm); head width 1.6 mm (1.6–1.7 mm); forewing length 3.6 mm (3.6–3.8 mm). Head slightly wider than long; inner orbits of compound eyes converging below (Fig. 8); malar area about half width of third flagellomere; clypeus 1.8 times broader than long; interalveolar distance 1.2 times median ocellar diameter, about equal to alveolar diameter; alveolocular distance 1.3 times alveolar diameter; interocellar distance 2.1 times median ocellar diameter, 1.8 times longer than ocellocular distance; ocelloccipital distance about 1.3 times median ocellar diameter; scape 6.3 times longer than wide, narrower (0.8 times) than width of third flagellomere; pedicel about as long as broad, slightly shorter than first flagellomere; flagellomeres slightly broader than long, except apical flagellomere much longer than broad; compound eye 2.8 times longer than broad; gena 0.8 times narrower than compound eye in profile. Scutum with anterior margin rounded, slightly broader than long, 2.8 times longer than scutellum; scutellum about twice as long as broad, broadly rounded on distal margin (short-semicircular sensu Camargo and Moure 1994); hind tibia 2.6 times longer than broad; hind basitarsus about twice as long as broad, strongly projecting on posterodistal margin.

Integument in general finely and densely punctate, dull, as in other species of the genus; propodeum without impunctate midline.

Color black, except: light reddish brown on mandible (darker on teeth), tegula, margins of middle and posterior basitarsi, distitarsi; yellow maculations as follows: labrum, scape, face (Fig. 8), pronotum dorsally with medially interrupted band, pronotal lobe, scutum laterally with narrow band (about half width median ocellar diameter), axilla, lateral and distal margins of scutellum with broader band than on scutum, tibiae basally. Wing membrane hyaline with weak greenish and coppery reflections; veins and stigma dark brown (Figs 6, 7).

Body sparsely covered with minute, appressed, simple whitish hairs except as follows: inferior margin of mandible, labrum, vertex, hypostomal area, mesepisternum dorsally, distal margin of scutellum dorsally and ventrally, sides of propodeum with long (about as long as median ocellar diameter) erect hairs; mesepisternum ventrally, middle and hind coxae, sterna with much longer, erect simple hairs (about twice as long as median ocellar diameter); sides of propodeum with dense, branched, semierect hairs (0.5 times median ocellar diameter) partially obscuring integument; inner surface of tarsi with yellowish to ferruginous hairs.

Male: As in female except for longer body pubescence, brownish legs, and the following: Total body length 4.4–5.3 mm; head width 1.6 –1.7 mm; forewing length 3.7–3.8 mm. Inner orbits of compound eyes strongly converging below (Fig. 12); malar area linear; clypeus 1.3 times broader than long; interalveolar distance subequal to median ocellar and alveolar diameters individually; alveolocular distance about as long as alveolar diameter; interocellar distance about twice median ocellar diameter, 2.8 times longer than ocellocular distance; ocelloccipital distance about 0.7 times median ocellar diameter; scape 3.6 times longer than wide, slightly narrower than width of third flagellomere; pedicel longer than first flagellomere; first flagellomere about twice as broad as long, 0.5 times shorter than second flagellomere; gena about half width of compound eye in profile. Hind tibia about 3 times longer than broad; hind basitarsus 3 times longer than broad. Genitalia and associated sterna as in Figs 13–19.

Queen: Unknown.

The specific epithet is a patronym honoring Marius Wasbauer, friend and colleague, who has contributed much of the material we have studied, including the species described in this paper.

In most paratypes the yellow maculations are pale, discolored, most likely due to preservation in alcohol for an extended period.

The female of this species can be separated from other species of the haeckeli-lineatifrons group by the following combination of characters: frons with broad and long inverted Y-shaped maculation; paraocular area with complete, long, broad maculation; supraclypeus yellow; and clypeus with broad, inverted T-shaped maculation (cf., Camargo and Moure 1994; fig 115). Paratrigona ornaticeps can be confused with Paratrigona uwa Gonzalez and Vélez and Paratrigona compsa Camargo and Moure by the shape of the facial maculations but in those species they are much narrower and the metasoma is ferruginous (cf., Camargo and Moure 1994; fig 118; Gonzalez and Vélez 2007; fig 1).

The male of Paratrigona ornaticeps can be separated from that of Paratrigona haeckeli, the only other male known of the haeckeli-lineatifrons group (Table 2), by the sixth sternum, which has a broader midapical projection, and the shape of the gonostylus, which is more strongly curved apically in profile (compare Figs 26 and 27 with Camargo and Moure 1994; figs 130, 132).

Male: Total body length 4.7–5.1 mm; head width 1.6 –1.7 mm; forewing length 3.7–3.8 mm. Head slightly wider than long; inner orbits of compound eyes strongly converging below (Fig. 21); malar area very short, about one-fourth width of third flagellomere; clypeus 1.5 times broader than long; interalveolar distance slightly shorter (0.9x) than median ocellar and alveolar diameters individually; alveolocular distance 1.3 times alveolar diameter, 1.2 times interalveolar distance; interocellar distance 1.5 times median ocellar diameter, 2.7 times longer than ocellocular distance; ocelloccipital distance about 0.7 times median ocellar diameter; scape 2.8 times longer than wide, slightly broader than width of third flagellomere; pedicel about as long as broad, slightly longer than first flagellomere; first flagellomere 1.5 times broader than long, 0.7 shorter than second flagellomere, remaining flagellomeres slightly broader than long, except apical flagellomere much longer than broad; compound eye 2.6 times longer than broad; gena about half width of compound eye in profile. Scutum with anterior margin rounded, 1.1 times broader than long, 2.3 times longer than scutellum; scutellum 1.5 times broader than long, broadly rounded on distal margin (long-paraboloid sensu Camargo and Moure 1994); hind tibia about 3 times longer than broad; hind basitarsus 2.6 times longer than broad. Genitalia and associated sterna as in Figs 22–27.

Integument in general finely and densely punctate, dull, as in other species of the genus; propodeum with faint midline.

Color predominantly black, except: brownish on anterior surface of flagellum, tegula, legs (legs light yellow to ferruginous with pale maculations); yellow maculations as follows: mandible, labrum, anterior surface of scape, face as in Fig. 21 (frons sometimes maculate along middle line, never with inverted broad Y-shaped maculation as in female), gena basally with thin band (less than half median ocellar diameter), vertex with small spot laterally, pronotum, pronotal lobe, tegula with small spot on anterior half, costal sclerite, mesepisternum laterally with spots, metepisternum almost entirely, scutum laterally with broad band (about half median ocellar diameter), axilla, lateral and distal margins of scutellum with narrower band than on scutum, apices of middle and hind femora, outer surfaces of fore and middle tibiae with narrow band, hind tibia with band on posterior margin, fore and middle basitarsi basally. Wing membrane subhyaline with weak greenish and coppery reflections; veins and stigma dark brown (Fig. 20).

Body sparsely covered with minute, appressed, simple yellowish to whitish hairs except as follows: vertex, hypostomal area, middle trochanter with long (about half median ocellar diameter), erect hairs; hind coxa, seventh tergum with much longer erect hairs (at least as long as median ocellar diameter); sides of propodeum with dense, branched, semierect hairs (about 0.5 times median ocellar diameter) partially obscuring integument.

(n = 33♀, 39♂) Costa Rica: 1♀, 1♂, Turrialba, VII-15-19-65, P.J. Spangler; 2♀, 5♂, S.J. [San José], San Isidro General, Feb. 1993, F. D. Parker; 1♀, 13♂, Alaj. [Alajuela], 20 km S Upala, collected on 1–10 April, 20–31 March, 22–31 May, 3–21 June 1991, and 1–10 August 1991, F. D. Parker; 25♀, 18♂, Alaj., Bijagua, 20 km S Upala, collected on 6–29 January, 12 February, 5–28 March, 10 April–6 May, 1–11 June, 1–15 July, 1–12 Aug, 1–15 Sep, 9–19 October, 1–20 November, and 25–30 December 1991, F. D. Parker; 4♀, Cart. [Cartago], Turribalba, CATIE, 26–29 June 1986, W. Hanson, G. Bohart ; 2♂, Guan [Guanacaste], 14 km S Cañas, collected on 17 March, 11–12 June 1991, F. D. Parker (BBSL, USMN).

Unlike the female, the yellow maculations in the male are usually reduced on gena, vertex, pronotum, frons, and sides of propodeum.

(n = 5♀, 2♂) Ecuador: 2♀, 2♂, Napo Province, Huahua Sumaco, km. 45 on Hollin-Loreto road, XII-16-20, 1989, Malaise trap, M. & J. Wasbauer. Collrs; 1♀, Misahualli nr. Tena, 3–8 Oct., 1999, Steven R. Keller; 1♀, Yasuni Res. Sta. 19–30 Oct. 1998, W.J. Hanson, 250 m / 6°36'W, 0°38'S; idem, 1♀, 30 Sept.-11 Oct. 2002, C. Brammer, 250 m M.T [Malaise trap]., 0°40.566'S, 076°23.851W (BBSL).

These new records expand the distribution of this species from its previously known range: Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, and Suriname (Table 2).

Ecuador: 3♀, 5♂, Napo Province, Huahua Sumaco, km. 45 on Hollin-Loreto road, XII-20, 1989, Malaise trap, M. & J. Wasbauer, H. Real (BBSL).

This new record expands the range of this species from its previously known distribution: Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, and Panama (Table 2).