Research Article |
Corresponding author: Massimo Olmi ( olmi@unitus.it ) Academic editor: Michael Ohl
© 2018 Adalgisa Guglielmino, Massimo Olmi, Alessandro Marletta, Stefano Speranza.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Guglielmino A, Olmi M, Marletta A, Speranza S (2018) A new species of the genus Gonatopus Ljungh from the USA (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae). ZooKeys 747: 63-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.747.24399
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A new species of Gonatopus Ljungh, 1810 is described from the USA, Florida: G. jacki sp. n. Morphologically, the new species is similar to G. ashmeadi Kieffer, 1905 and G. agropyrus Fenton, 1921, but it is distinguished by the different shape of the mesoscutum (very slender in G. jacki; broader in G. ashmeadi and G. agropyrus). Published identification keys to the Nearctic species of Gonatopus are modified to include the new species.
Chrysidoidea , Florida, Gonatopodinae , key, Nearctic region, taxonomy
Based on all known host records, Dryinidae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea) are parasitoids of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) (
The species of Gonatopus inhabiting the Nearctic region were studied by
Gonatopus species are parasitoids of leafhoppers and planthoppers belonging to the Acanaloniidae, Cicadellidae, Delphacidae, Dictyopharidae, Flatidae, Issidae, Lophopidae, Meenoplidae, Tropiduchidae (
In 2015, additional specimens of Gonatopus from the USA were examined and the new species found is described herein.
The descriptions follow the terminology used by
The types of all Nearctic and Neotropical species of Gonatopus have been previously examined by the authors.
The material studied in this paper is deposited in the Department of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy (MOLC).
The description of the new species is based on the study of a single specimen. The authors are aware that descriptions of new taxa should normally be based on more individuals. However, Dryinidae are so rare that it is uncommon to collect more than one specimen of each species. In addition, on the basis of the experience and knowledge of the authors, the new species is sufficiently delimited by unique characters to justify its description.
Gonatopus Ljungh, 1810: 161. Type species: Gonatopus formicarius Ljungh, 1810, by monotypy.
Female: Apterous or macropterous; palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; pronotum crossed or not by transverse furrow; enlarged claw with distal apex pointed and with one large or small subapical tooth (occasionally subapical tooth absent, then enlarged claw with distal group of lamellae); in macropterous forms, protarsomere V with more than 20 lamellae; tibial spurs 1/0/1. Male: Fully winged; occipital carina absent or incomplete (in this last case, present behind and shortly on sides of posterior ocelli); occiput concave; temple present; palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; tibial spurs 1/1/2.
Female apterous (Fig.
Female. Apterous (Fig.
Male. Unknown.
Holotype: a female from the USA, Florida, Sarasota Co., Turtle Beach, 27.217°N 82.517°W ± 2 km, 5 m, 30.xii.1989, beach margin, No 2601-S, John T. Longino leg. (MOLC).
USA.
Unknown.
The species is named after the collector, John T. (Jack) Longino.
The new species is similar to G. ashmeadi Kieffer in Kieffer & Marshall, 1905 and G. agropyrus Fenton, 1921, by having head mostly brown, labial palpus bi-segmented, mesoscum with no lateral pointed apophyses, meso-metapleural suture obsolete, first abdominal tergum transversely striate, protarsomere I shorter than IV, protarsomere V with lamellae situated in distal half. The main difference among G. jackiand the other two species is in the mesoscutum shape: very slender in G. jacki (Fig.
14 | Scutum very slender (Fig. |
G. jacki sp. n. |
– | Scutum broader (Fig. |
14* |
14* | Protarsomere V with lamellae of approximately same length (Fig. |
G. ashmeadi Kieffer |
– | Protarsomere V with lamellae much longer near base (Fig. |
G. agropyrus Fenton |
A, B Gonatopus jacki sp. n., holotype: head and mesosoma in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view. Gonatopus ashmeadi holotype: head and mesosoma in dorsal (C) and lateral (D) view; Gonatopus agropyrus holotype in dorsal view (E). Scale bars: 1.38 mm (A);1.54 mm (B); 0.51 mm (C, D); 1.09 mm (E).
Many thanks to John T. (Jack) Longino, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, for sending the specimen of Gonatopus described in the present paper. We are also grateful to Sean Brady and Karolyn Darrow for sending multifocal photos of holotypes deposited in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA. Many thanks to Robert S. Copeland (ICIPE, Nairobi, Kenya) for checking the English language of this paper.