Research Article |
Corresponding author: Christiane Weirauch ( christiane.weirauch@ucr.edu ) Academic editor: Alfred Wheeler
© 2018 Christiane Weirauch, Rochelle Hoey-Chamberlain, Alexander Knyshov.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Weirauch C, Hoey-Chamberlain R, Knyshov A (2018) Synopsis of Schizopteridae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Dipsocoromorpha) from the United States, with description of seven new species from the US and Mexico. In: Wheeler Jr AG (Ed.) A Festschrift Recognizing Thomas J. Henry for a Lifetime of Contributions to Heteropteran Systematics. ZooKeys 796: 49-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.796.24176
|
Because species diversity of the small true bug family Schizopteridae is greatest in tropical and subtropical areas, it is not surprising that only four species have been described from the United States. As part of a larger project on the taxonomy and phylogenetics of Schizopteridae, 178 specimens from the United States were examined. This material contained representatives of the previously described species Glyptocombus saltator Heidemann, 1906, Corixidea major McAtee & Malloch, 1925, Nannocoris arenarius Blatchley, 1926, and Schizoptera bispina McAtee & Malloch, 1925, but also six undescribed species. These new taxa are described as Glyptocombus halbertae sp. n., Glyptocombus suteri sp. n., Nannocoris anophorus sp. n., Nannocoris brevipilus sp. n., Schizoptera (Cantharocoris) rileyisp. n., and Schizoptera (Schizoptera) henryisp. n. Habitus images and genitalic illustrations of the previously described and the new species are provided as well as a map showing distribution ranges of these species in the United States and Mexico. To provide a comprehensive treatment of the small genus Glyptocombus Heidemann, 1906, Glyptocombus mexicanus sp. n. is also described that, to our knowledge, occurs only in Mexico, and the female of one additional undescribed Glyptocombus species is documented from Mexico.
biodiversity, minute litter bug, Nearctic region, systematics, true bug, taxonomy
The small true bug family Schizopteridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in the infraorder Dipsocoromorpha contains approximately 355 described species (
The three remaining species of Schizopteridae recorded from the US belong to the Schizopterinae and are classified in the speciose genera Corixidea Reuter, 1891, Nannocoris Reuter, 1891, and Schizoptera Fieber, 1860. Distributions of species in the three genera range from the southern parts of South America to the US. In addition to the currently described species (9 in Corixidea, 12 in Nannocoris, and ~80 in Schizoptera:
We here provide an updated synopsis of the Schizopteridae occurring in the United States. We have examined >8,000 specimens of New World Schizopteridae as part of a project on the biodiversity and systematics of this group. The majority of specimens were curated from ethanol-preserved residues of passive trap samples, but we also borrowed point and card-mounted specimens from various collections. The 178 U.S. specimens of Schizopteridae that we have located and examined are mostly point-mounted and were borrowed from seven collections. Texas A&M and the Florida State Collection of Arthropods provided the bulk of the material, with 89 and 53 specimens, respectively. We also examined specimens of Corixidea, Nannocoris, and Schizoptera (Cantharocoris) from Mexico and other countries in Central America to assure that our synopsis of previously described and new taxa treated in this paper is as thorough as possible with respect to distribution ranges that extend beyond the administrative borders of the U.S. Additional undescribed species of the three schizopterine genera from Mexico and Central America will be treated as part of separate, genus-focused publications. In contrast, the revision of Glyptocombus presented as part of this study is comprehensive based on the available material and includes a new species known only from Mexico. We here provide a synopsis of the ten species of Schizopteridae that occur in the US, describe six of them as new, provide habitus images and genitalic illustrations of previously described and new species, and document their distribution ranges.
We have examined approximately 8,000 specimens of Schizopteridae from the Nearctic and Neotropical regions as part of a US National Science Foundation project on the biodiversity and systematics of the true bug infraorder Dipsocoromorpha. Among these were 178 specimens from the United States, representing the four previously described species and several undescribed species in the genera Glyptocombus, Corixidea, Nannocoris, and Schizoptera. We surveyed point-mounted specimens belonging to these four genera from Mexico and other Central American countries as well as the Caribbean to ensure that this synopsis includes relevant material from outside the boundaries of the United States. Natural history collection acronyms are as follows:
Habitus images were taken using a Leica DFC 450 C Microsystems system (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany) with a Planapo 1.0× objective. Images of selected morphological characters were produced on the same system with a Planapo 2.0× objective. Individual images were combined using the Leica Application Suite V4.3 software or Zerene stacker V1.02 (Zerene Systems). Images were edited and assembled into image plates in Adobe Photoshop CS4 or CC2018.
To document male and female genitalia, the abdomen was separated from the body and cleared in hot 10% KOH. The male abdomen was temporarily mounted in glycerin on microscope slides, while the female abdomen was stained using Chlorazol Black E for 3 intervals of 30 seconds before slide mounting. Line drawings were prepared using a Nikon Eclipse 80i compound microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) with camera lucida.
Measurements are in mm (see Table
Unique specimen identifier (USI) matrix code labels with prefix and eight-digit number were associated with each specimen. Specimen information was databased using the American Museum of Natural History’s Arthropod Easy Capture (AEC) database (http://www.research.amnh.org/pbi/locality/index.php). Specimen information is also available through the Heteroptera Species Pages (http://research.amnh.org/pbi/heteropteraspeciespage/) and the http://www.discoverlife.org/ website. Maps were prepared using SimpleMappr (http://www.simplemappr.net/) from coordinates exported from the AEC database and edited using Photoshop CS4.
Measurements of species of Glyptocombus, Corixidea, Nannocoris, and Schizoptera in mm.
Taxon | USI | Total length | Body length (ventral) | Head width across eyes | Synthlipsis | Pronotal width | Width forewings | Pronotum length | Pronotal collar length | LC:LP | Width between eyes | Fore femora depth/ height | Fore femora length | DFF:LFF | Hind tibia length | LHT:WP | a3 length | a4 length | a3:a4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G. halberti | ♂ | UCR_ENT 00012022 | 1.23 | 0.74 | 0.67 | 0.34 | 0.59 | na | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 0.52 | 0.88 | 0.16 | 0.1 | 1.66 |
G. mexicanus | ♂♂ | UCR_ENT 00094271 | 1.74 | 1.74 | 0.72 | 0.38 | 0.58 | na | 0.24 | 0.08 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.09 | 0.37 | 0.23 | 0.63 | 1.09 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.9 |
UCR_ENT 00094275 | 1.18 | 1.18 | 0.75 | 0.41 | 0.62 | na | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.3 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 0.44 | 0.2 | 0.69 | 1.12 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.96 | ||
♀ | UCR_ENT 00094272 | 1.51 | 1.51 | 0.72 | 0.38 | 0.64 | na | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.28 | 0.3 | 0.09 | 0.36 | 0.26 | 0.64 | 1 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 1.03 | |
G. saltator | ♂♂ | UCR_ENT 00090440_ED5195 | 1.52 | 1.52 | 0.72 | 0.38 | 0.57 | na | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.09 | 0.4 | 0.23 | 0.66 | 1.16 | |||
UCR_ENT 00094270 | 1.14 | 1.04 | 0.74 | 0.39 | 0.6 | na | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.38 | 0.21 | 0.56 | 0.94 | |||||
UCR_ENT 00094273 | 1.2 | 0.93 | 0.74 | 0.39 | 0.61 | na | 0.21 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 0.31 | 0.09 | 0.47 | 0.2 | 0.64 | 1.04 | |||||
UCR_ENT 00011915 | 0.74 | 0.4 | 0.61 | na | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.35 | 0.29 | 0.1 | 0.44 | 0.22 | 0.68 | ||||||||
♀♀ | UCR_ENT 00090439_ED5194 | 1.49 | 1.49 | 0.79 | 0.41 | 0.64 | na | 0.17 | 0.04 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.06 | 0.41 | 0.14 | 0.56 | 0.88 | ||||
UCR_ENT 00090441_ED5196 | 1.46 | 1.46 | 0.75 | 0.38 | 0.62 | na | 0.2 | 0.06 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.08 | 0.35 | 0.24 | 0.67 | 1.09 | |||||
G. suteri | ♂ | UCR_ENT 00090443_ED5198 | 1.47 | 1.47 | 0.7 | 0.36 | 0.57 | na | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.09 | 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.53 | 0.94 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 1.08 |
Corixidea major | ♂♂ | UCR_ENT 00093506 | 1.58 | 1.12 | 0.56 | 0.33 | 0.66 | na | ||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00012039 | 1.36 | na | 0.51 | 0.3 | 0.58 | na | ||||||||||||||
♀ | UCR_ENT 00012040 | 1.42 | na | 0.53 | 0.32 | 0.61 | na | |||||||||||||
N. anophorus | ♂ | UCR_ENT00094264 | 1.16 | na | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.52 | na | ||||||||||||
N. arenarius | ♂♂ | UCR_ENT 00124097 | 1.04 | na | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.42 | na | ||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00120010 | 1.05 | na | 0.31 | 0.2 | 0.45 | 0.56 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00124093 | 1.09 | na | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.41 | 0.54 | ||||||||||||||
♀♀ | UCR_ENT 00124094 | 1.01 | na | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.42 | 0.55 | |||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00124095 | 1.02 | na | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.41 | 0.52 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00124096 | 1 | na | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.41 | 0.54 | ||||||||||||||
N. brevipilus | ♂ | UCR_ENT00094257 | 1.23 | na | 0.32 | 0.21 | 0.52 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||
♀♀ | UCR_ENT00094254 | 1.11 | na | 0.32 | 0.2 | 0.49 | 0.66 | |||||||||||||
UCR_ENT00094250 | 1.23 | na | 0.32 | 0.2 | 0.48 | 0.67 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT00094255 | 1.14 | na | 0.32 | 0.21 | 0.49 | 0.63 | ||||||||||||||
S. (C.) bispina | ♂ | UCR_ENT 000934303 | 1.28 | 1.13 | 0.42 | 0.25 | 0.62 | na | ||||||||||||
S. (C.) rileyi | ♂♂ | UCR_ENT 00094298 | 1.42 | 1.2 | 0.53 | 0.31 | 0.73 | 0.82 | ||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00093720 | 1.48 | 1.13 | 0.52 | 0.32 | 0.71 | 0.77 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00093725 | 1.44 | 1.1 | 0.51 | 0.3 | 0.75 | 0.82 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00094300 | 1.44 | na | 0.49 | 0.28 | 0.67 | 0.76 | ||||||||||||||
♀♀ | UCR_ENT 00093549 | 1.22 | na | 0.46 | 0.3 | 0.63 | 0.78 | |||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00093550 | 1.25 | na | 0.49 | 0.32 | 0.67 | 0.76 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00094316 | 1.29 | na | 0.51 | 0.32 | 0.71 | 0.86 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00094320 | 1.24 | na | 0.5 | 0.33 | 0.68 | 0.81 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00093551 | 1.25 | na | 0.49 | 0.31 | 0.64 | 0.78 | ||||||||||||||
S. (S.) henryi | ♂♂ | UCR_ENT 00093649 | 1.51 | 1.16 | 0.5 | 0.28 | 0.74 | 0.87 | ||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00093654 | 1.67 | 1.24 | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0.77 | 0.91 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00093555 | 1.58 | na | 0.5 | 0.26 | 0.73 | 0.94 | ||||||||||||||
UCR_ENT 00093704 | 1.63 | 1.31 | 0.54 | 0.26 | 0.79 | 0.91 |
This publication and the nomenclatural acts it contains have been registered in ZooBank, the online registration system for the ICZN. The ZooBank LSIDs can be resolved by appending them to the Web address http://zoobank.org/. The LSIDs for nomenclatural acts can be found in corresponding sections of this article.
ag anterior gonapophysis;
An1, An2 first and second anal veins of forewing;
ano anophore;
anop anophoric process;
at anal tube;
bc basal cell (cell posterior to R+M);
bcx bursa copulatrix;
ca conjunctival appendage;
Cu cubitus;
cub cubital cell (defined as cell bordered anteriorly by distal part of Cu);
dag dorsal abdominal gland
dc discal cell (defined as cell posterior to M);
dc1 discal cell 1 (defined as cell posterior to distal part of M);
g gonoplac;
lca left conjunctival appendage;
llt9 left laterotergite 9;
lp left paramere;
ovg opening of vertex gland;
pc pronotal collar;
pg posterior gonapophysis;
py pygophore;
rc radial cell removed from wing margin (defined as cell posterior to R or R2+3);
rc1-3 radial cells along costal margin (defined by cells posterior or distal to R1-R3);
rca right conjunctival appendage;
rlt9 right laterotergite 9;
rp right paramere;
Sc subcostal vein;
scc subcostal cell;
sp spiracle;
spd spermathecal duct;
spgl spermathecal gland;
spgld spermathecal gland duct;
spr spermathecal reservoir;
st2-6 sternum 2–6;
st7 sternum 7 (=subgenital plate in male); sty median styloid;
t1-9 tergum 1–9;
t8p tergum 8 process;
tc trapezoidal cell (defined as cell bordered anteriorly by Cu+M);
v vesica;
vp vesical process.
A larger comparative survey of wing venation across Schizopteridae (Weirauch lab, unpublished data) has indicated that the terminology used in Hypselosomatinae and Schizopterinae is inconsistent. We here introduce a slightly modified terminology for wing veins in Hypselosomatinae from those in
In several recent publications, we have referred to the ventral sclerite of the pregenital abdomen as “sternite,” following, e.g., the terminology used by
We follow the genitalic terminology used in recent publications (e.g.,
1 | Forewing with 4 closed submarginal cells (rc1, rc2, 3, and dc1; Fig. |
2 |
– | Forewing with fewer than 4 closed submarginal cells (i.e., rc1 and rc2 fused to rc1-rc2), eyes smaller, head not noticeably wider than prothorax, labium 3-segmented (Figs |
5 |
2 | Elytriform forewings (Figs |
3 |
– | Macropterous forewings (Figs |
4 |
3 | Wing veins wider than cells (Fig. |
Glyptocombus mexicanus sp. n. |
– | Veins narrower than cells (Fig. |
Glyptocombus saltator Heidemann |
4 | General dark coloration (Fig. |
Glyptocombus halbertae sp. n. |
– | General coloration light brown (Fig. |
Glyptocombus suteri sp. n. |
5 | Labium truncated, pronotal collar absent (Fig. |
Corixidea major McAtee and Malloch |
– | Labium tapering, pronotal collar usually present (Figs |
6 |
6 | Head elongated, labium very slender, posterolateral spine on metepisternum absent, R1 obliquely approaching costal forewing margin (Fig. |
7 (genus Nannocoris Reuter) |
– | Head short, labium stout, posterolateral spine on metepisternum well developed, R1 approaching costal forewing margin at right angle (Fig. |
9 (genus Schizoptera Fieber) |
7 | Forewing veins with long setae (Fig. |
Nannocoris anophorus sp. n. |
– | Forewing veins with short setae (Fig. |
7 |
8 | Scutellum with lateral margins of elevated area gently convex (Fig. |
Nannocoris arenarius Blatchley |
– | Scutellum with lateral margins of elevated area drawn into posteriorly directed angles (Fig. |
Nannocoris brevipilus sp. n. |
9 | Glabrous cuticle on metapleuron restricted to ventral margin of scent-gland groove ( |
Schizoptera (Schizoptera) henryi sp. n. |
– | Glabrous cuticle surrounding the scent-gland groove extending to or beyond the midline of the metapleuron ( |
9 |
10 | Subgenital plate with 2 small laterad-projecting, slender and acute processes (Fig. |
Schizoptera (Cantharocoris) bispina McAtee and Malloch |
– | Subgenital plate with large lateral process posteriorly beset with tuft of flattened and long setae and smaller acute posteriad oriented process (Fig. |
Schizoptera (Cantharocoris) rileyi sp. n. |
Glyptocombus saltator Heidemann, 1906
Recognized among genera of New World Hypselosomatinae by dense setation on all surfaces of the tibia, extending from base to apex, first labial segment not dorsally expanded, and third and fourth labial segments without processes.
Male (Figure
Female (Figure
This is the only genus of Hypselosomatinae with almost exclusive Nearctic distribution based on locality records of the single previously described and three new species, as well as one female specimen from Chiapas that represents an undescribed species. Specimens have been collected using Berlese extraction, hand collecting, yellow pan traps, pitfall traps (single and array, normal and dung), sifting leaf litter, suction traps, and UV lighting. Extracted substrates included beech humus, bottomland hardwood remnant, fallen leaves, “rubbish,” earth, and the forest floor of Palmetto-gumbo limbo upland.
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Florida: Collier Co.: Florida: Collier Co. Immokalee, 26.41853°N 81.41741°W, 04 Jul 2013 - 11 Jul 2013, Susan Halbert (UCR_ENT 00012022) (
Recognized among species of Glyptocombus by the macropterous male, contrasting dark brown and pale legs, desclerotized portion of C+Sc vein basal to junction with R1, Cu touching M at basal corner of dc1, part of Cu distal to tc s-shaped, R2 slightly sigmoid, rc and dc approx. as long as bc (Figure
Male (Figure
Female. Unknown.
Named for the collector of both known specimens of this species, Susan Halbert.
Known only from Collier County in Florida (USA).
Type material. Holotype: male: MEXICO: Quintana Roo: Res. Ecologica El Eden 25km NNE Leona Vicario, 21.21667°N 87.18333°W, 13 Oct 1998 - 28 Oct 1998, A. Blanco (UCRC_ENT 00038403) (
Distinguished among species of Glyptocombus by dark brown coloration, elytriform forewings in both sexes, forewing veins wider than cells, absence of areoles in forewing cells, and all legs with tibia and femora pale (Figure
Male (Figure
Female (Figure
Named for the country of origin.
Specimens of this species have been collected in Quintana Roo and Tamaulipas in Mexico.
Type material. Holotype: male: Maryland: Montgomery Co.: Plummers Island, 38.97049°N 77.1763°W, 4.10.05, DH Clemons (UCR_ENT 00028583) (
Recognized among species of Glyptocombus by reddish-brown coloration, elytriform forewings in both sexes, forewing veins narrower than cells, and areolate forewing cells (Figure
Male (Figure
Female (Figure
A redescription of this species is included to achieve more consistent treatments for species of Old World (
Specimens of this species have been collected in Maryland, Georgia, Oklahoma, Texas, and Mississippi (USA).
Georgia: Clarke Co.: Whitehall Forest, 33.90694°N 83.35722°W, 07 May 1977 - 12 May 1977, R. Turnbow, 1 male (AMNH_IZC 00150699) (
USA: Arkansas: Chicot Co.: 0.2 mile east of Lake Chicot State Park, 33.37194°N 91.19578°W, 22 Jan 1977, R. G. Chenowith, 1 male (
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Florida: Dade Co.: Everglades National Park, on side of road from Fla. 27, 25.28662°N 80.89865°W, 18 Jun 1965, W. R. Suter, ED_5198 (UCR_ENT 00090443) (FMNH).
Recognized among Glyptocombus species by males macropterous, general coloration light brown (Figure
Male (Figure
Female. Unknown.
Named for the collector of the single known specimen of this species.
Known from the Everglades National Park in Dade County, Florida (USA).
MEXICO: Chiapas: Ocozocoautla de Espinosa Municipality Co.: Reserva El Ocote, Campo El Ocote, 17.04278°N 93.80778°W, 274 m, 26 Jul 1997 - 29 Jul 1997, Gonzalez, Woolley, & Galdamez, 1 female (UCR_ENT 00094274) (
We have examined one undescribed female specimen of Glyptocombus from Chiapas in Mexico that has remained unassociated with male specimens (Figure
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Tennessee: Montgomery Co.: Clarksville, 36.52972°N 87.35944°W, Aug 1915, G. A. Runner (UCR_ENT 00028582) (
Recognized among species of Corixidea by the uniformly dark coloration, macropterous forewing without pale band, presence of laterally directed tergum 8 process, and very small and rounded anophoric process.
Male (Figure
Female (Figure
Distinguished from other US Schizopteridae by a combination of relatively large size, blunt 3-segmented labium, absence of pronotal collar, presence of two triangular cells on costal margin of forewing (bordered by C+Sc, R+M, and R1, and C+Sc, R1, and R2), dorso-ventrally flattened pygophore with rounded apex, very long right paramere, and vesica with long subapical process. The genus Corixidea is a part of the Corixidea genus group, informally created by
USA: Florida: Alachua Co.: Gainesville, 29.63527°N 82.37111°W, 24 m, 12 Jun 1966 - 15 Jun 1966, Ladonia O’Berry, 1 female (UCR_ENT 00011922) (
Nomenclature.
A recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of Nannocoris (
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Texas: Hays Co.: 6 mi. NW Dripping Springs, 30.22648°N 98.18493°W, 408 m, 03 Jun 2006 - 30 Jun 2006, E. G. Riley, et al. (UCR_ENT 00094264) (
Recognized among species of Nannocoris by relatively short head, ovoid body and forewing shape, yellow costal and posterior claval margins, long setae on forewing veins, vertex gland opening on depression of pronotal collar, short, smoothly rounded vesica with less than one coil, apically bifurcating right paramere, and long and sigmoid anophoric process that reaches anteriorly to terga 5 or 6.
Male (Figure
Female: Unknown.
Named for the long anophoric process that is unusually prominent among species of Nannocoris, especially in other species of the pricei species group.
The holotype was collected using a flight intercept trap.
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Florida: Pinellas Co.: Dunedin, 28.027°N 82.77126°W, Jan 4- Feb 16, W.S. Blatchley (
Recognized among species of Nannocoris by relatively short head, ovoid body and forewing shape, yellow costal and posterior claval margins, short setae on forewing veins, vertex gland opening on depression of pronotal collar, short and thin, slightly sigmoid vesica, apically bifurcating right paramere, and relatively short s-shaped anophoric process with slender base that reaches anteriorly to tergum 7. Similar to N. brevipilus, but distinguished by slender base of anophoric process.
Male (Figure
Female (Figure
Male and female genitalic features of Nannocoris spp. A–C Male abdomen: A N. anophorus (UCR_ENT 00094264) B N. arenarius (UCR_ENT 00124097) C N. brevipilus (UCR_ENT 00093425) D–F Male anophore with associated sclerites: D N. anophorus (UCR_ENT 00094264) E N. arenarius (UCR_ENT 00124097) F N. brevipilus (UCR_ENT 00094257) G N. arenarius, female abdomen (UCR_ENT 00124095).
Specimens have been collected from leaf litter associated with Quercus myrtifolia Wild, Quercus chapmanii Sarg, and Panicum grass; berleseate of dried cattle manure; and flight intercept traps.
Specimens examined by us are from Highlands, Pinellas, and Polk Counties in Florida, including specimens collected at the type locality. Specimens from Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia deposited at
USA: Florida: Highlands Co.: Lake Placid, Archbold Biological Station, 27.188°N 81.337°W, 03 Feb 1984, M. Deyrup, 2 females (UCR_ENT 00124094, UCR_ENT 00124095), 1 male (UCR_ENT 00124097) (
North Carolina: Davidson Co.: Davidson, 35.77224°N 80.1878°W, 11 Jul 1976, T. Daggy, 75 males (NCSU_ENT 00216994-NCSU_ENT 00216998) (
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Texas: Sabine Co.: Beech Bottom, 9 mi E Hemphill, 31.38226°N 93.70455°W, 05 Jun 1989 - 17 Jun 1989, R. Anderson & E. Morris (UCR_ENT 00094257) (
Recognized among species of Nannocoris by relatively short head, ovoid body and forewing shape, yellow costal and posterior claval margins, short setae on forewing veins, vertex gland opening on depression of pronotal collar, short and thin, slightly sigmoid vesica, apically bifurcating right paramere, and relatively short s-shaped anophoric process with slender base that reaches anteriorly to tergum 7. Similar to N. brevipilus, but distinguished by slender base of anophoric process.
Male (Figure
Female (Figure
Named for the short vestiture on the wings that distinguishes this species from the second species occurring in Texas, N. anophorus; a combination of the Latin brevis (short) and pilus (hair).
We treat a series of female specimens collected in Bastrop County as conspecific with N. brevipilus. We refrain from treating these specimens as paratypes, because no syntopic males are available and females of N. anophorus are unknown. We argue that these specimens are unlikely to be conspecific with N. anophorus because of the short vestiture, but we cannot exclude the possibility that they are females of a yet undiscovered species of Nannocoris.
Males were collected using pitfall and flight intercept traps, females with Berlese extraction.
Known from Angelina, Bastrop, and Sabine Counties in Texas.
USA: Texas: Bastrop Co.: Bastrop State Park, 30.11222°N 97.26056°W, 11 Mar 1995, R. Wharton, 6 females (UCR_ENT 00094250-UCR_ENT 00094255), 1 female (UCR_ENT 00094256) (
Type material. Holotype: male: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Cacao Trece Aguas, 15.4°N 89.75°W, 1906, Schwarz & Barber (UCR_ENT 00028598) (
Recognized among species of Schizoptera (Cantharocoris) by fairly uniformly light brown coloration and whitish membrane, broad and shallow posterior process on sternum 6, weakly asymmetrical subgenital plate with two small laterad-projecting slender and acute processes (Figure
Male (Figure
Female. One female specimen reported (but not illustrated) by
Guatemala, Mexico, and Florida, Louisiana, and Texas in the United States.
MEXICO: Tamaulipas: or Unknown Co.: Tampico, 22.2331°N 97.86105°W, December 15, E. A. Schwarz, 1 male (
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Louisiana: Natchitoches Par Kisatchie Natl. For. Red Dirt W.M.A., 31.35549°N 92.43442°W, 12 Jul 1985, E.G. Riley, 1 male (UCR_ENT 00094298) (
Recognized among species of Schizoptera (Cantharocoris) by uniformly light to yellowish brown coloration, medium-sized posterior process on sternum 6, and subgenital plate with large lateral process posteriorly beset with tuft of flattened and long setae and smaller acute posteriad-oriented process (Figure
Male (Figure
Female (Figure
Male genitalic features of Schizoptera spp. Top row illustrating ventral view abdominal apex and diagnostic features of sternum 6 and the subgenital plate (sternum 7); middle row showing the pygophore and associated structures in dorsal or dorsolateral view; and bottom row depicting vesica or base of vesica with conjunctival appendages and left parameres after removal of right paramere for S. (C.) rileyi and S. (S.) henryi, and removal of both parameres in S. (C.) bispina.
Named in honor of Dr. Ed Riley, who collected most of the specimens examined for this study. A noun in genitive case.
Coleopteroid females evolved several times independently in the Schizoptera genus group (
Although the collection method is unknown for the majority of specimens examined, both sexes have been collected using flight intercept traps and some males have been taken at UV light traps.
Known only from the U.S., where it has been collected in Natchitoches Parish in Louisiana and Brazos, Cameron, and Hidalgo Counties in Texas.
Type material. Holotype: male: USA: Texas: Cameron Co.: 1.5 mi. E. jct. FM, 1419 on Hwy 4, E of Brownville, 25.88758°N 97.43592°W, 19 Oct 2002, B. Raber & E. Riley, 1 male (UCR_ENT 00093649) (
Recognized among species of Schizoptera (Schizoptera) by fairly uniformly dark brown coloration with contrasting yellow posterior pronotal margin and humeral angle, whitish membrane with apical ½ suffused, and contrasting yellow and brown legs, large posterior process on sternum 6, and subgenital plate with medium-sized finger-shaped lateral process pointing laterad and with distinctive border of stout setae along right margin of subgenital plate (Figure
Male (Figure
Female: Unknown.
Named in honor of Dr. Thomas Henry on the occasion of his 70th birthday and in recognition of his outstanding contributions to heteropterology. We also thank Tom for advancing our understanding of the little-studied Schizopteridae in the United States by keeping his dedicated eye open for these tiny bugs and publishing updated distribution records. A noun in genitive case.
Known from Tamaulipas and Veracruz in Mexico and Cameron County in Texas in the U.S.
This species is unique among Schizoptera in the U.S. in having brown and yellow contrasting legs, in addition to the distinctive features of the male abdomen and genitalia.
Distribution records of Schizopteridae in the United States and records of selected species from Mexico and Guatemala. Holotype localities of previously described species are indicated in yellow, records from the literature indicate as unfilled symbols, and records reported for the first time in this publication as filled blue or red symbols.
We acknowledge curators, collection managers, and research staff in the institutions listed in the Material and Methods section for their help in facilitating specimen sorting and loans. Special thanks go to Edward Riley (