Research Article |
Corresponding author: Andrés G. Morales-Núñez ( amoralesnunez@yahoo.es ) Academic editor: Paula Beatriz Araujo
© 2018 Andrés G. Morales-Núñez, Paulinus Chigbu.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Morales-Núñez AG, Chigbu P (2018) First record of Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis in Maryland Coastal Bays, USA (Crustacea, Peracarida, Janiridae). ZooKeys 747: 115-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.747.22754
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During monthly sampling of benthic invertebrates at 13 stations in the Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs) from March to December 2012, a total of 29 individuals of Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis were collected. This species is being reported for the first time in MCBs. A detailed illustration and description of an adult male of I. cf. serricaudis from MCBs is presented. An illustrated key of males of Ianiropsis species belonging to the palpalis-group is also presented. The size of the largest male was 3.0 mm and that of the largest female was 2.5 mm. It is possible that I. cf. serricaudis was present in the MCBs, but overlooked during previous surveys of marine benthic invertebrates in the area because of its small body size and lack of taxonomic expertise.
Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis, Isopoda , Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs), mid-Atlantic Region
Ianiropsis serricaudis Gurjanova, 1936 is a janirid isopod that was described from the Russian coast of the Sea of Japan (Fig.
Map showing the worldwide distribution of Ianiropsis serricaudis and I. cf. serricaudis. Ianiropsis serricaudis – type material (green circle), I. serricaudis – additional records (red circle), I. cf. serricaudis (yellow square). Data from:
We have tried to find the type material of I. serricaudis, but the exact location (i.e., museum collection) where it was placed was not indicated in the original description; it is unknown whether or not it has been lost. For this reason, Dr. Viktor Petryashov (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia) was contacted and asked if the type material might be located at this institute, but, regrettably, the only material available is a female collected in 1948 (V. Petryashov pers. comm. 2017).
During examination of monthly samples of benthos collected in 2012 from the Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs), a number of specimens attributable to Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis were observed (Figs
The Maryland Coastal Bays is a barrier-island system located on the eastern part of the Delmarva Peninsula in the United States of America (USA). The system consists of five principal lagoons distributed in two areas; Assawoman and Isle of Wight Bays located in the northern area of MCBs, and Sinepuxent, Newport, and Chincoteague Bays located in the southern area of MCBs (Fig.
Samples were taken at 13 sites (eight sites in the southern area and five in the northern area) (Fig.
Water quality data were collected in situ using a YSI 6600 Multi-Parameter Water Quality Sonde and included water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and pH, which were all recorded at 0.3 m from the bottom (Table
Mean ± SE monthly values of abiotic variables from March to December 2012 in MCBs. * No data were collected.
Months | Temperature (°C) | Salinity (PSU) | Dissolved Oxygen (mg L-1) | pH | Depth (m) | Secchi Depth (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
March | 11.8 ± 0.60 | 32.2 ± 1.20 | 9.1 ± 0.19 | 8.0 ± 0.05 | * | * |
April | 14.7 ± 0.77 | 34.6 ± 0.76 | 7.9 ± 0.10 | 8.0 ± 0.02 | 1.9 ± 0.13 | * |
May | 17.2 ± 0.49 | 34.1 ± 0.53 | 7.6 ± 0.19 | 8.0 ± 0.02 | 1.6 ± 0.26 | 0.7 ± 0.10 |
June | 21.7 ± 0.34 | 32.5 ± 0.46 | 6.9 ± 0.13 | 7.8 ± 0.40 | 1.9 ± 0.14 | 0.7 ± 0.06 |
July | 26.4 ± 0.23 | 32.9 ± 0.45 | 6.0 ± 0.16 | 7.8 ± 0.03 | 2.0 ± 0.13 | 0.6 ± 0.04 |
August | 24.5 ± 0.11 | 34.4 ± 0.51 | 5.7 ± 0.24 | 7.7 ± 0.04 | 1.7 ± 0.21 | * |
October | 17.6 ± 0.1 | 27.6 ± 0.6 | 8.1 ± 0.1 | 8.0 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.16 | 1.2 ± 0.06 |
November | 9.6 ± 0.2 | 26.4 ± 0.8 | 10.4 ± 0.3 | 8.0 ± 0.0 | 2.2 ± 0.26 | 1.0 ± 0.10 |
December | 8.0 ± 0.1 | 28.2 ± 0.6 | 10.3 ± 0.1 | 8.0 ± 0.0 | 2.1 ± 0.24 | 1.0 ± 0.20 |
Specimens of I. cf. serricaudis were dissected under an Olympus SXZ16 stereomicroscope. Appendages were mounted on glass slides in glycerin and observed with an Olympus BX41 compound microscope, and drawings were made with a camera lucida. Illustrations were prepared with Adobe Illustrator CS6 Extended. Photographs were taken using an Olympus DP73 digital camera mounted on a stereomicroscope Olympus SXZ16 and all specimens were measured with CellSens dimensions 1.11 software (Olympus). Specimens have been deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC (
All specimens of Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis were sexed and classified into three categories:
(1) males (Fig.
We were not able to re-examine the type material or topotypes of Ianiropsis serricaudis in order to clarify uncertainties about the morphology of this species. For this reason, identification of the specimens from this study is based on the morphological characters from previous descriptions (
Nevertheless, specimens of Ianiropsis sp. from Florida and off Virginia coast logged at the
MCBs Maryland Coastal Bays
PSU Practical Salinity Unit
TL Total body length
The mean (±SE) values of environmental parameters measured in the MCBs during this study period are summarized in Table
A total of 29 individuals of Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis was counted and sexed. Among them, 13 were females with oostegites, three were ovigerous females, and 13 were males (Table
The body sizes of individual Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis measured in the MCBs during this study are presented in Table
TL and comparison of morphological features of stages of Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis from Maryland Coastal Bays.
Stages | TL (mm) | No. of antennular articles (Left–Right) | Length–Antenna (mm) | Length antennal articles 5–6 (Left–Right) | No. of lateral spines of pleotelson (Left–Right) | Maxilliped–dorsal view |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Females with oostegites | ||||||
1 | 0.99 | 7–7 | 1.0 | 0.23–0.22 | 3–3 | |
2 | 0.95 | 7–7 | 1.0 | 0.21–0.23 | 3–3 | |
3 | 1.98 | 10–10 | Missing | Missing | 4–4 | Not visible |
4 | 2.26 | 11–11 | 1.68 | 0.60–missing | 2–2 | Not visible |
5 | 1.95 | 10–10 | 1.86 | 0.48–0.45 | 4–4 | Not visible |
6 | 2.52 | 9–10 | 2.22 | 0.73–0.57 | 4–3 | Not visible |
7 | 2.44 | 12–12 | 2.09 (broken) | 0.77–missing | 4–2? | Not visible |
8 | 2.36 | 11–11 | 2.28 | 0.67–0.71 | 4–4 | Not visible |
9 | 2.33 | 11–11 | 2.28 | 0.57–0.61 | 3–4 | Not visible |
10 | 2.21 | 10–11 | Missing | Missing | 4–2? | Not visible |
11 | 1.89 | Missing | Missing | Missing | 3–3 | Not visible |
12 | 1.86 | 10–10 | 2.23 | Missing–0.47 | 3–4 | Not visible |
13 | Broken | 12–12 | Missing | Missing | Missing | Not visible |
Mean ± SE | 1.98 ± 0.15 | |||||
Ovigerous females | ||||||
1 | 1.91 | 10–10 | Missing | Missing | 3–4 | Not visible |
2 | 2.26 | 10–10 | 2.22 | 0.57–0.56 | 3–3 | Not visible |
3 | 2.34 | 11–11 | 2.39 | Missing–0.60 | 2–2 | Not visible |
Mean ± SE | 2.17 ± 0.13 | |||||
Males | ||||||
1 | 2.14 | Damaged | 2.45 | 0.76–0.78 | 4–3 | Not visible |
2 | 2.2 | 11–12 | 2.39 | 0.64–0.65 | 3–3 | Not visible |
3 | 3.0 | 13–14 | 3.02 | 1.21–1.17 | 4–4 | Visible |
4 | 1.76 | 10–10 | Missing | Missing | 3–3 | Not visible |
5 | 1.53 | Missing–10 | 1.12 | 0.31–missing | 4–4 | Not visible |
6 | 1.38 | 9–9 | 1.4 | 0.34–0.37 | 3–3 | Not visible |
7 | 2.43 | 13–13 | 3.0 | 1.02–0.76 | 3–3 | Visible |
8 | 2.7 | 14–13 | 1.20 (broken) | 0.36–missing | 3–4 | Visible |
9 | 2.93 | 12–13 | 3.1 | 1.29–1.24 | 4–4 | Visible |
10 | 2.22 | 12–12 | Missing | Missing | 3–3 | Visible |
11 | 2.19 | 12–12 | 1.59 (broken) | 0.63–0.49 | 4–4 | Not visible |
12 | 2.17 | 12–12 | 1.49 (broken) | Missing–0.76 | 4–4 | Visible |
13 | 2.09 | 11–11 | 2.28 | 0.61–0.58 | 4–2 | Not visible |
Mean ± SE | 2.21 ± 0.13 |
13 ♂♂ (three USMN: 1480972, 1480973, and 1480974), one ovigerous ♀, two ♀♀ carrying juveniles (one
Based on adult terminal ♂ of Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis from Maryland Coastal Bays. Body (Fig.
Head (Fig.
Pereon (Fig.
Pleotelson (Fig.
Antennule (Figs
Antenna (Figs
Mouthparts. Upper lip (Fig.
Mandibles (Fig.
Lower lip (Fig.
Maxillule (Fig.
Maxilla (Fig.
Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis from MCBs, Adult ♂. A labrum B left mandible C enlargement of incisor process D enlargement of lacinia mobilisE right mandible F lower lip G maxillule H enlargement of tip of outer lobe I denticulate seta J maxilla K denticulate setae L enlargement of “comb-like” setae M enlargement of finely setulate seta. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A–B, E, F, G, J).
Maxilliped (Fig.
Pereopod I (Fig.
Pereopod II (Fig.
Pereopods III–VII (Figs
Pleopod I (Fig.
Pleopod II (Fig.
Pleopod III (Fig.
Pleopod IV (Fig.
Uropod (Figs
Smaller than males, mean TL 1.98 mm; TL ranges from 0.95 to 2.52 mm (Table
Maxilliped (Fig.
Pereopod I (Fig.
Operculum (Fig.
Slightly smaller than males; mean TL 2.17 mm, ranges from 1.91 to 2.34 mm (Table
Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis from MCBs shows some degree of variations among the individuals as: 1) overall, the number of antennular articles varied between females and males; females have less articles than males (7–12 versus 9–14, respectively) (Table
Ianiropsis sp. (
The original description of Ianiropsis serricaudis given by
Recent studies,
This is the first time that individuals attributable to I. cf. serricaudis have been reported from MCBs. This is also the first detailed illustration and description of an adult male of I. cf. serricaudis from MCBs in the western Atlantic. It is possible, however, that this new finding or possible new record is the result of a more intensive screening effort and careful examination of coastal marine invertebrates in MCBs. The small size of individuals belonging to the species and lack of taxonomic expertise might have led to them being overlooked or misidentified in samples collected previously from the bays by other investigators (
Unfortunately, all the specimens from Florida examined in this study were in such a bad condition that it was difficult to conduct a detailed taxonomic identification. All of them had a pleotelson without denticles on lateral margin, implying that the specimens are not conspecific with I. serricaudis. The only specimen from off Virginia coast that was also examined in this study was equally in bad condition; nonetheless, it has a pleotelson with three denticles on lateral margin. Since this character has been reported in other species within the genus Ianiropsis and without the presence of an adult male, we cannot definitely state that the specimen belongs to I. serricaudis. In fact, the presence of this Ianiropsis specimen collected in 1976 indicates that this genus has been present on the East coast of the United States much earlier than the most recent records of this genus from Maine to New Jersey (
An illustrated key of males of Ianiropsis species belonging to the palpalis-group (
1 | Pleotelson without denticles on each lateral margin (Fig. |
Ianiropsis palpalis Barnard, 1914 [South Africa] |
– | Pleotelson with two to four denticles on each lateral margin (Fig. |
2 |
2 | Pleotelson with two denticles on each lateral margin (Fig. |
Ianiropsis epilittoralis Menzies, 1952 [North East Pacific: California] |
– | Pleotelson with three to four denticles on each lateral margin (Fig. |
Ianiropsis serricaudis Gurjanova, 1936 sensu |
Denticles on lateral margin of pleotelson: A Ianiropsis palpalis B I. epilittoralis C I. serricaudissensu (
Marine epibenthic, in coastal shallow waters (≤ 3.1 m); Ianiropsis cf. serricaudis was collected with a small mixture of macroalgae (e.g., Gracilaria sp. and Ulva lactuca). Physicochemical parameters of the surrounding waters were: temperature, 17.94 °C; salinity, 31.63 PSU; dissolved oxygen (mg l–1), 8.35; pH, 7.97, and Secchi depth transparency, 1.7 (m).
This research was supported by NSF CREST-CISCEP (Center of Research Excellence in Science and Technology-Center for the Integrated Study of Coastal Ecosystem Processes and Dynamics in the Mid-Atlantic Region) grant No. 1036586 and NOAA LMRCSC (Living Marine Resources Cooperative Science Center) grant No. NA11SEC4810002. We would like to thank Captain Christopher Daniels for his assistance in collecting the samples, as well as Wilmelie Cruz-Marrero for help in drafting the study map. Special thanks are due to George D.F. Wilson for his help and valuable comments on the genus Ianiropsis. Thanks are also due to Marilyn Schotte and Angelika Brandt for providing us references. We are most grateful to Marina V. Malyutina and Olga A. Golovan for kindly providing information on the possible location of the type material of Ianiropsis serricaudis. We thank Victor V. Petryashov (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia) for checking and providing information on the material of Ianiropsis serricaudis deposited in his museum. AGM-N is also grateful to Rafael Lemaitre and Chad Walter, Smithsonian institution (SI), for their support and help during the stay at the National Museum of Natural History (