Holotype ♂ (CB), Paratype ♂ (LCCC), Paratypes ♀♀ (CB, JMBC), all labelled Morocco SE, W of Erfoud, 31°30'53,2"N, 004°35'12"W, 26.–27.4.2012, L. Černý lgt. [printed].

Eastern Morocco, W of Erfoud, 31°30'53,2"N, 004°35'12"W, 26.–27.4.2012.

A Diaphorocera species characterized by male elongate last antennomere and simple fore tibiae, with head, pronotum and ventral parts dark shiny metallic blue.

Description.Male (Fig. 1). Body. Head, pronotum, thorax, abdomen distinctly dark blue metallic, elytra green-blue metallic; coxae, trochanters, femurs, tibiae, and tarsi orange, but metatarsi darker and mesotarsi slightly darkened. Body and leg setation clear yellowish and in some parts almost white. Length: 9.8–9.9 mm. Head with punctures sparse, wide, and deep, surface among punctures smooth and shiny. Maximum width at level of eyes and temples, temple parallel, as long as the eye. Frontal callus smooth, neither keeled nor anteriorly protruding, in lateral view only few convex. Antennae as in Fig. 3; antennomeres I–XI orange, VIII–X with a single, linear and short black stripe on the apical portion of each antennomere, middle in position on VIII-IX, more basal on X; the extreme pointed apex of IV and VI black; XI very elongate, 2.8 times long as wide; X ca. 2/3 as long as XI. Mouthparts orange except the apical third of mandibles black; maxillary palpomere as in Fig. 4, last palpomere dark, as labial palpomeres; labrum ca. 3 times as long as clypeus and with a middle furrow dorsally. Pronotum narrow and parallel on the basal half, distinctly longer than wide, anteriorly restricted and with two lateral grooves on sides. Surface with punctures similar to those on the head, sparse but deep, surface among punctures smooth, shiny, and a longitudinal non-punctured area in the middle extending from the base to the anterior third of the length. Elytra with surface densely and coarsely punctuated, punctures merging together. Foretibiae simple and not modified; metatibial outer spur widened and spoon-like. Male genitalia as in Figs 5–6; aedeagus inclined on fore third, with two short and pointed hooks, hooks of the endophallic duct bent differently; lobes of parameres diverting and obtuse apically.

Figure 1–2. 

Diphorocera neglecta sp. n., 1 holotype male and 2 paratype female.

Figures 3–6. 

Diphorocera neglecta sp. n., 3 male antenna 4 male maxillary palpomeri 5 male aedeagus in lateral view 6 gonoforceps and gonocoxal piece in ventral view.

Female (Fig. 2). Body colouration similar to male. Antennae unmodified, length of antennomere XI equal to that of previous three together, antennomeres III–X transverse, wider than long (see Fig. 2). Lack lateral grooves of pronotum. Protibiae distinctly pointed and acuminate on external fore angle. Length: 12.5 mm.

Following the recent revision of the genera (Turco and Bologna 2007) and due to the rarity of this Diaphorocera species, we named it neglecta (= neglected, ignored) according to the Latin adjective (feminine in the nominative case).

Turco and Bologna (2007) established three groups of species within the genus based on a cladistic analysis: (i) the obscuritarsis group (carinicollis, johnsoni, obscuritarsis) with the last male antennomere subquadrate and unmodified simple foretibiae; (ii) the promelaena group (promelaena) characterised by the last antennomere elongate, male foretibia modified only distally and by black body and pronotum; (iii) the hemprichi group (chrysoprasis, hemprichi, sicardi, peyerimhoffi) with the last antennomere elongate and foretibiae modified.

The new species differs from all described species due to the combination of characters mixed between those of the promelaena and hemprichi groups. D. neglecta has the last antennomere elongate as in both groups but the fore tibiae are simple, differently than in these groups; both these characters represent a plesiotypic condition. It is distinct from D. promelaena because its head, pronotum and ventral parts are dark metallic blue and not sub-opaque black. Moreover its pronotum is slender, longer than wide rather than as long as wide, and the black ornamentations on antennomeres VIII-X being lacking in D. promelaena.

Diaphorocera neglecta is more similar to the species of the hemprichi group because of the body colouration, the shape of pronotum and antennae, and probably represent a basal element without foretibial modification. It differs from all species of this heterogeneous group because of the shape of almost all antennomeres and of male genitalia; in particular the ventral shape of gonoforceps are slightly similar to that of D. hemprichi. The ornamentation on antennomeres is present only in D. sicardi, but differs greatly from that of this species which moreover is clearly distinguished by its foretibial shape.

Tentatively the new species is inserted in the group of hemprichi, as basal in position, although its relationship needs to be tested by molecular analysis and the possible relationships with the group of D. promelaena explored.

All specimens were collected in a small area with many plants in bloom at the bottom of a dry river bed (wadi) at 872 m a.s.l., together with other species of Meloidae, namely Diaphorocera promelaena, Mylabris (Ammabris) myrmidon Marseul, 1870, Hycleus saharicus (Chobaut, 1901), H. novemdecimpunctatus (A.G. Olivier, 1811), Actenodia suturifera (Pic, 1896), Croscherichia litigiosa (Chevrolat, 1840), Lyttolydulus nubeculosus Kaszab, 1952, Cabalia rufiventris (Walker, 1871) and Lydomophus sp. (chanzyi (Fairmaire, 1876) ?), all typical Saharan elements.

A second attempt to collect further specimens of this species in the same locality (on 22 April 2017) failed, probably due to much drier conditions.

The new species was collected only in the type locality (Fig. 7), but since the local desert environment is widely and homogeneously spread, its occurrence in other eremic habitats of the eastern Morocco is possible.

Figure 7. 

Habitat of the type locality of Diaphorocera neglecta sp. n.

In E Morocco and SW Algeria, in localities close to Erfoud, six species of Diaphorocera are distributed (Turco and Bologna 2007); D. promelaena is syntopic with the new species. No differences in the ecological niche among these six species have been identified in the literature, all of them being synchronic and polyphagous.