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Research Article
Nine new species of Clada from Madagascar (Coleoptera, Ptinidae)
expand article infoPetr Zahradník, Miloš Trýzna§
‡ Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
§ Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Open Access

Abstract

Nine new species of the genus Clada (s. str.) Pascoe, 1887 (Bostrichoidea: Ptinidae: Eucradinae) are described from Madagascar: Clada (Clada) barclayisp. n., C. (C.) dimbyisp. n., C. (C.) fasciatasp. n., C. (C.) lalaesp. n., C. (C.) madagascarensissp. n., C. (C.) mamyisp. n., C. (C.) njakaisp. n., C. (C.) obesasp. n., and C. (C.) rindraisp. n. No species of this genus were previously known from Madagascar. Photographs of the dorsal habiti and drawings the male and female antennae and aedeagi of most of these species are given.

Keywords

Afrotropical region, Clada , Coleoptera , Madagascar, new species, Ptinidae , taxonomy

Introduction

Madagascar is a large island (almost 600 mil. km2) with diverse natural conditions influenced by various geographical and climatic conditions, and also by an exceptionally rich tree flora. Most species of Ptinidae are xylophagous or fungivorous. No recent papers on the family Ptinidae from this region have been published, except the subfamily Ptininae (Bellés 1987, 1991; Philips 2005).

Many descriptions of species (almost all of them endemics in Madagascar, a few of them also occur on some neighbouring islands or in continental Africa, and a few are widely distributed or cosmopolitan) are known from older descriptions by M. Pic and some other authors. These descriptions tend to be very short, without pictures, only some of them are modern with illustrations, especially of the aedeagus. Madagascar’s fauna of Ptinidae is surely richer. This is our first contribution on this family from Madagascar.

The subfamily Eucradinae LeConte, 1861 contains two tribes, Eucradini LeConte, 1861, with the North American genus Eucrada LeConte, 1861 and Hedobiini Mulsant et Rey, 1868, with five genera distributed worldwide, Anhedobia Nakane, 1963, Clada Pascoe, 1887, Hedobia Dejean, 1821, Neohedobia Fisher, 1919 and Ptinomorphus Mulsant et Rey, 1868. Sexual dimorphism is typical of all species in the tribe Eucradini. Males have more pectinate antennae, and females less pectinate. Genera in the tribe Hedobiini have slightly serrate antennae. Only the genus Clada is atypical, with serrate antennae in both sexes in some species, while in others, the antennae of the male are pectinate, and those of the female serrate, and in some species antennae are pectinate in both sexes. White (1974) placed this genus in the subfamily Dryophilinae LeConte, 1861, while other authors have put it in the subfamily Eucradinae. The lateral edge of the pronotum in the subfamily Eucradinae is absent, but the subfamily Dryophilinae has the lateral edge distinct. Moreover, genera of the subfamily Dryophilinae have filiform antennae.

The genus Clada (Eucradinae: Hedobiini) contains two subgenera, Taiwanoclada Sakai, 1987 from Taiwan with only one species, and the nominal subgenus with 50 species from the Palaearctic, Oriental, and Afrotropical regions. From the sub-saharan African and southern African regions, the following species are known:

C. (C.) basilewskyi Español, 1969 Tanzania

C. (C.) costipennis Kolbe, 1897 Tanzania

C. (C.) flabellicornis Pic, 1936 Zaire

C. (C.) granulata Español, 1972 South Africa

C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926 Congo, Kenya, Tanzania

C. (C.) laticollis Pic, 1947 Ethiopia, Kenya

C. (C.) lineatipennis Pic, 1926 Ivory Coast

C. (C.) longicornis Pic, 1934 Kenya

C. (C.) multistriata Pic, 1952 Benin

C. (C.) rugosa Pic, 1915 Benin, Ivory Coast

C. (C.) waterhousei Pascoe, 1887 South Africa

In Madagascar, no species of the genus Clada were known. Overall, only 48 species and subspecies of Ptinidae are known from Madagascar, 18 from the subfamily Ptininae, one from Ernobiinae, five from Anobiinae, seven from Xyletininae, seven from Mesocoelopodinae, and ten from Dorcatominae (Español 1969a; Pic 1896, 1912a, b, 1949, 1952).

Materials and methods

We have studied all the original descriptions of species in the subgenus Clada from Central and South Africa and also some other descriptions from neighbouring countries (including India, with some similar species) (Español 1969b, 1972; Kolbe 1897; Pascoe 1887; Pic 1915, 1926, 1934, 1936, 1947, 1952). Specimens of new species have been given a red printed label with the following text: “Holotype” or “Paratype”. On the second white printed label is the following text: “name of species. sp. n., P. Zahradník et M. Trýzna det.”.

The type materials are deposited in the following collection:

NHMUK Natural History Museum, London, U.K.

MTDC Miloš Trýzna collection, Děčín, Czech Republic

FGMRI Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště, Czech Tepublic (P. Zahradník)

LBVC Lukáš Blažej collection, Varnsdorf, Czech Republic

Descriptions

Clada (Clada) barclayisp. n.

Figs 1, 10, 19a, b, 28

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Ampatika env., Mahajamba riv., 17.–19.xi.1995, I. Jeniš lgt. (FGMRI). Paratype (1): 1 female, Madagascar, Morondava prov., Maronfandilia, 4.–5.xii.1995, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

This species is similar to C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926, but differs by lighter colour of the elytra and missing lighter humeri. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 5.8 mm, maximum width 2.2 mm (Figure 1). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.7. Body light brown, also antennae, maxillary and labial palpi and legs, only pronotum and head darker. Pubescence yellowish white.

Head matt shiny, with double punctation – first coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; second is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence recumbent or semi-erect, long, inclined more or less forwards. Anterior part of head with shallow deepening. Clypeus with shallow transverse depression. Eyes large, globular with short erect sparse pubescence. Frons 1.6 times as wide as diameter of eye, from dorsal view. Antennae consisting of eleven antennomeres, 3rd to 10th pectinate (Figure 19a). First antennomere robust, twice as long as wide; second smallest, one-half as long as first, almost as wide as long. 3rd 1.4 times as wide as long. 4th to 8th 2.1 as wide as long; 9th and 10th 1.7 times as wide as long. Apical antennomere longest, oblong oval, 5 times as long as wide. All antennomeres on margin with short erect dense setae. Apical maxillary palpomere long, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt shiny, rounded, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.8); widest on one half, but only slightly. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Middle of pronotum at base with small, blunt swelling, posteriorly slightly sharpened. Surface of pronotum with double punctation: one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately one-half their diameter; other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence short, sparse, recumbent, inclined more or less forwards.

Scutellum almost triangular, narrow, 1.4 times as long as wide, dense recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shiny, with distinct humeri. Each elytron with five fine costae, almost invisible, but apex more distinct. Surface of elytra with double punctation: one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; the other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence relatively sparse, recumbent or semi-erect, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 25 small teeth.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. All tarsi robust, same length as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, same width, slightly emarginate on top, 4th slightly shorter than previous, more emarginate, almost to 2/3 of their length. 5th same length as 3rd and 4th together, rectangular, wider on the top, with two large claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 28.

Female. Habitually the same as male, only antennae serrate (Figure 19b). 1st antennomere robust with dense long erect hairs. 2nd small, as wide as 1st, half as long as previous, as long as wide. Antennomeres 3th to 10th serrate. 3rd and 4th twice longer than wide; 5th 2.3 longer than wide; 6th twice longer than wide; 7th 1.7 times longer than wide; 8th to 10th twice longer than wide. Apical antennomere longest, oblong oval, 3.3 times longer than wide. Body length 6.8 mm, maximum width 2.9 mm. Ratio length:width of elytra 1.8.

Name derivation

Patronym, dedicated to our friend and colleague Maxwell VL Barclay (Natural History Museum, London).

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the western part of Madagascar (Figure 10).

Figures 1–9. 

Habitus. 1C. (C.) barclayi sp. n. 2C. (C.) dimbyi sp. n. 3C. (C.) fasciata sp. n. 4C. (C.) lalae sp. n. 5C. (C.) madagascarensis sp. n. 6C. (C.) mamyi sp. n. 7C. (C.) njakai sp. n. 8C. (C.) obesa sp. n. 9C. (C.) rindrai sp. n.

Clada (Clada) dimbyisp. n.

Figs 2, 11, 20, 29

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Mahajamba riv., Ampatika env., 17.–19.xi.1995, I. Jeniš lgt. (FGMRI). Paratype(1): 1 male, Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Ambodimanga, Ankolia riv., 14.–15.xi.1995, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

The species is similar to C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926, but differs by the lighter colour of the elytra and absence of lighter coloured humeri. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 5.9 mm, maximum width 2.9 mm (Figure 2). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.6. Body light brown, head and pronotum brown, antennae and legs partly darker. Pubescence white.

Head matt-shiny, with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence recumbent or semi-erect, long, mostly inclined forwards, partly to centre of head, on vertex backwards. Clypeus with shallow, transverse depression. Eyes large, globular with short erect sparse pubescence. Frons twice as wide as diameters of eye, in dorsal view. Antennae consisting of eleven antennomeres; 3rd to 10th pectinate (Figure 20). 1st antennomere robust, twice as long as wide; 2nd smallest, only 1/3 as long as 1st, as long as wide, the same width as 1st. 3rd 1.3 times as wide as long; 4th and 5th 2.1 times as wide as long; 6th, 7th and 9th 1.9 times as wide as long; 8th twice wider as long; 10th 1.6 times as wide as long. Apical antennomere longest, oblong oval, 5.7 times as long as wide. All antennomeres with short recumbent pubescence, only 1st and 2nd with a few long semi-erect setae. Apical maxillary palpomere long, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt-shiny, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.8); widest in posterior 2/3. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Middle of pronotum at base with a small blunt swelling, posteriorly slightly sharpened. Surface of pronotum with coarse, dense, umbilicate punctation, distance between punctures smaller than their diameter. Pubescence long, sparse, recumbent, inclined more or less forwards.

Scutellum large, longitudinally trapezoidal, 1.2 times as long as wide, densely recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards, surface shinning with fine, dense punctures.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shiny, with distinct humeri. Each elytron with five very fine costae. Surface of elytra irregularly punctated with punctures of different diameters, coarse, dense, umbilicate. Pubescence relatively sparse, recumbent, on sides also semi-erect, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 25 very small teeth.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. Mesotibia on the apex with short forked projection. All tarsi robust, the same length as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, the same width, slightly emarginate on top, 4th slightly shorter than previous, more emarginate, almost to 2/3 of their length. 5th the same length as 3rd and 4th together, rectangular, wider on the top, with two large claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 29.

Female. Unknown.

Variability

Without visible variability.

Name derivation

Patronymic, dedicated to Dr Dimby Raharinjanahary from Madagascar National Parks, Antananarivo (Chargé des Bases de données de suivibiodiversité et recherche).

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the northwestern part of Madagascar (Figure 11).

Figures 10–18. 

Maps of distribution. 10C. (C.) barclayi sp. n. 11C. (C.) dimbyi sp. n. 12C. (C.) fasciata sp. n. 13C. (C.) lalae sp. n. 14C. (C.) madagascarensis sp. n. 15C. (C.) mamyi sp. n. 16C. (C.) njakai sp. n. 17C. (C.) obesa sp. n. 18C. (C.) rindrai sp. n.

Clada (Clada) fasciatasp. n.

Figs 3, 12, 21, 30

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Antananarivo prov., Manankazo env., 15.–17.xii.1996, I. Jeniš lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

The species is similar to C. (C.) lineatipennis Pic, 1926, which has black coloured elytra, and C. (C.) costipennis Kolbe, 1897, C. (C.) flabellicornis Pic, 1936 and C. (C.) multistriata Pic, 1952 whose males have pectinated antennae. Differs also by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 6.0 mm, maximum width 2.6 mm (Figure 3). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.7. Body, including antennae, maxillary and labial palpi and legs, brown. Only pronotum piceous brown. Pubescence white.

Head shiny, with double punctation – first coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence more or less recumbent, long, inclined backwards; on vertex inclined backwards. Clypeus with transverse depression. Eyes large, globular with short erect sparse pubescence. Frons 3 times as wide as diameters of the eye, from dorsal view. Antennae probably consisting of eleven antennomeres (they are damaged, only 7 antennomeres remain), from 4th pectinate (Figure 21). 1st antennomere robust, twice as long as wide; 2nd as wide as 1st, 0.3 as long as 1st, 0.8 times as wide as long. 3rd strongly serrate, 1.1 times as wide as long. 4th and 5th 2.5 times as wide as long. 6th 3 times as wide as long; 7th 2.7 times as wide as long. All antennomeres with very short recumbent dense pubescence, 1st also with sparse long semi-erect setae. Apical maxillary palpomere long, slim, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt-shiny, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.7); widest in middle. Middle of the pronotum with blunt small swelling. Surface of pronotum with coarse, dense, umbilicate punctuation; punctures almost touching. Pubescence long, dense, semi-erect, inclined more or less from middle of pronotum to all sides.

Scutellum large, triangular, narrow, 1.2 times as long as wide, very densely recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards, surface shining, finely punctated; punctures almost touching.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shining, humeri almost absent. Each elytron with six fine costae, covered with white recumbent dense pubescence, inclined backwards and from sides of costa to their centre. Surface of elytra with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, almost touching; other is very fine, punctures also almost touching. Pubescence between stripes relatively sparse, recumbent or semi-erect, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 20 small teeth, almost invisible.

Legs stout, with long, dense, recumbent pubescence. All tarsi robust, same length as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, same width, slightly emarginate on top, 4th slightly shorter than previous, more emarginate, almost to 2/3 of their length. 5th the same length as 3rd and 4th together, rectangular, wider on the top, with two large claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 30.

Female. Unknown.

Name derivation

Derived from the rows of dense recumbent hairs on elytra, from Latin word fascia, meaning stripe.

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the central part of Madagascar (Figure 12).

Figures 19–27. 

Antennae. 19C. (C.) barclayi sp. n. – a male, b female 20C. (C.) dimbyi sp. n. – male 21C. (C.) fasciata sp. n. – male 22C. (C.) lalae sp. n. – a male, b female 23C. (C.) madagascarensis sp. n. – a male, b female 24C. (C.) mamyi sp. n. – male 25C. (C.) njakai sp. n. – male 26C. (C.) obesa sp. n. – female 27C. (C.) rindrai sp. n. – male.

Clada (Clada) lalaesp. n.

Figs 4, 13, 22a, b, 31

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Mahajamba riv., Ampatika env., 17.–19.xi.1995, I. Jeniš lgt. (FGMRI). Paratypes (5): 2 males, 1 female, the same data as holotype; 2 males, Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Ampatika env., 17.–20.xii.1995, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

This species is similar to C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926, but differs by the lighter colour of the elytra. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 7.0 mm, maximum width 2.9 mm (Figure 4). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.7. Body dark brown; antennae, maxillary and labial palpi and legs lighter. Pubescence white.

Head matt, clypeus shiny, with coarse, dense, umbilicate punctation; distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter. Pubescence recumbent, long, dense, inclined mostly forwards. Clypeus with shallow transverse depression. Eyes large, globular with long erect sparse pubescence. Frons 2.1 times as wide as diameter of eye, from dorsal view. Antennae consisting of eleven antennomeres, 3rd to 10thpectinate (Figure 22a). 1st antennomere robust, three times as long as wide; 2nd smallest, twice shorter than 1st, as long as wide, almost same width as 1st. 3rd 0.8 times shorter than wide; 4thand 6th to 8th 0.5 times shorter than wide; 9th and 10th 0.6 times shorter than wide and the 10th 0.7 times shorter than wide. Apical antennomere longest, oblong oval, 5 times as long as wide. All antennomeres with short recumbent pubescence, only 1st and 2nd with a few long semi-erect setae. Apical maxillary palpomere long, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.7); widest in posterior 2/3. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Middle of pronotum in posterior part with blunt small swelling, posteriorly slightly sharpened. Surface of pronotum with coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures the same as their diameter. Pubescence short, sparse, recumbent, inclined more or less forwards, in posterior part of pronotum backwards.

Scutellum large, longitudinally rectangular, 1.3 times as long as wide, densely recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards, surface shinning with fine dense puncture.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shiny, with distinct humeri. Each elytron with fine costae. Surface of elytra irregularly wrinkled, with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, punctures almost touching; other is very fine, punctures also almost touching. Pubescence relatively sparse, recumbent, on sides also semi-erect and sporadically also erect, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 25 very small teeth.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. All tarsi slim, slightly shorter than tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, and same length as 5th. 2nd the same length as 3rd and 4th together. 4th emarginate approximately to ½ of their length. 5th long and robust with two large claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 31.

Female. Habitually the same as male, only antennae serrate (Figure 22b). Body length 8.1 mm, maximum width 3.2 mm.

Variability

Body length 5.4–8.1 mm, maximum width 2.2–3.2 mm.

Name derivation

Patronym, dedicated to Dr Lala Harivelo Ravaomanarivo Raveloson (University of Antananarivo, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Entomology).

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the northwestern part of Madagascar (Figure 13).

Figures 28–35. 

Aedeagus in dorsal viev. 28C. (C.) barclayi sp. n. 29C. (C.) dimbyi sp. n. 30C. (C.) fasciata sp. n. 31C. (C.) lalae sp. n. 32C. (C.) madagascarensis sp. n. 33C. (C.) mamyi sp. n. 34C. (C.) njakai sp. n. 35C. (C.) rindrai sp. n.

Clada (Clada) madagascarensissp. n.

Figs 5, 14, 23a, b, 32

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Mahajanga distr., Ampatika env., 17.–20.xi.1995, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI). Paratypes (21): 4 males and 1 female, the same data as holotype (FGMRI); 10 males, Madagascar, Morondava distr., Kirindy, 23.–25.xi.1997, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI 4 ex., LBVC 2 ex., MTDC 2 ex., NHMUK 2 ex.); 1 male: Madagascar, Mahajanga distr., Ambodimanga env., 14.–16.xi.1995, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI); 2 males: Madagascar, Morondava distr., Maronfandilia, 4.v.1995, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI); 2 male: Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Mahajamba riv., Ampatika env., 17.–19.xi.1995, I. Jeniš lgt. (FGMRI); 1 female: Madagascar, Toliara env., 23.–27.xi.1996, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

This species is similar to C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926, but differs by the lighter colour of the elytra and missing lighter humeri. Both sexes have pectinate antennae, while the female of C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926 has serrate antennae. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 6.0 mm, maximum width 2.5 mm (Figure 5). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.6. Whole body brown, only antennae, palp slightly lighter and pronotum slightly darker. Pubescence white.

Head shiny, with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter, sometimes almost touching; other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence recumbent or semi-erect, long, inclined mostly forwards. Clypeus with shallow transverse depression. Eyes large, globular with short erect sparse pubescence. Frons twice as wide as diameters of the eye, from dorsal view. Antennae consisting of eleven antennomeres, 4th to 10thpectinate (Figure 23a). 1st antennomere robust, twice as long as wide; 2nd smallest, only 1/3 long as 1st, as wide as long, same width as the 1st. 3rd serrate, as long as wide; 4th to 8th twice long as wide; 9th 1.7 times as wide as long; 10th 1.5 times as wide as long. Apical antennomere longest, oblong oval, 6.6 times as long as wide. All antennomeres with short recumbent pubescence, only 1st with a few long semi-erect setae. Apical maxillary palpomere long, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt-shiny, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.7); widest in middle. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Middle of pronotum at base with blunt small swelling, posteriorly slightly sharpened. Surface of pronotum with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence long, sparse, recumbent, inclined more or less to middle of pronotum.

Scutellum large, longitudinally trapezoidal, narrow, almost as long as wide, densely recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards, surface almost invisible.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shining, with distinct humeri. Each elytron with five very fine costae, more distinct on second half of elytron. Surface of elytra irregular punctated, puncture coarse, dense, umbilicate. Pubescence relatively sparse, recumbent, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 25 very small teeth.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. All tarsi robust, same length as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, same width, slightly emarginate on top, 4th slightly shorter than previous, more emarginate, almost to 2/3 of their length. 5th is same length as 3rd and 4th together, rectangular, wider on the top, with two large claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 32.

Female. Antennae less pectinate than in male (damaged, only six antennomeres remain – Figure 23b). Body length 5.7 mm, maximum width 2.1 mm.

Variability

Body length 5.7–7.1 mm, maximum width 2.1–2.8 mm.

Name derivation

Latin adjective, referring to the occurrence of the new species in Madagascar.

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the western part of Madagascar (Figure 14).

Clada (Clada) mamyisp. n.

Figs 6, 15, 24, 33

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Antananarivo prov., Manankazo env., 15.–17.xii.1996, I. Jeniš lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

Differs from other species of this genus from sub-saharan and southern African regions by a lack of elytral costae. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 3.9 mm, maximum width 1.6 mm (Figure 6). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.7. Body brown, head and pronotum darker, antennae lighter. Pubescence white.

Head shining, with coarse, dense, umbilicate punctated, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter. Pubescence recumbent, short, sparse, inclined mostly forwards. Clypeus with shallow transverse depression. Eyes large, globular with very short erect sparse pubescence, almost invisible. Frons 1.3 times as wide as diameter of the eye, from dorsal view. Antennae probably consisting of eleven antennomeres (they are damaged, only 6 antennomeres remain – Figure 24), 3rd to 6thpectinate. 1st antennomere robust, three times as long as wide; 2nd smallest, 3 times shorter than 1st, as long as wide, same width as 1st. 3rd 1.2 times wider as long; 4th 1.3 times wider than long; 5th and 6th 2.2 times wider than long. Other antennomeres are slightly damages or missing. All antennomeres without pubescence. Apical maxillary palpomere short, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt-shiny, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.6); widest in middle. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Pronotum without swelling. Surface of pronotum with coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures smaller than their diameter. Pubescence long, sparse, recumbent, inclined more or less forwards.

Scutellum large, longitudinally almost rectangular, 1.1 times as long as wide, densely recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards, surface shinning with fine dense puncture.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shining, humeri almost indistinct. Each elytron with only very fine quasi-costae. Surface of elytra with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, punctures almost touching; other one is very fine, punctures also almost touching. Pubescence relatively sparse, recumbent, on sides also semi-erect, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 25 very small teeth.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. All tarsi slim, 1.2 as long as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd to 4th together, and same length as 5th. 2nd is same length as 3rd and 4th together. 4th only slightly emarginate. 5th long and slim with long slim claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 33.

Female. Unknown.

Name derivation

Patronym, dedicated to Dr Mamy A Rakotoarijaona from Madagascar National Parks, Antananarivo (Directeur des Opérations).

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the central part of Madagascar (Figure 15).

Clada (Clada) njakaisp. n.

Figs 7, 16, 25, 34

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Toliara prov., Tsimanampetsotsa N. P., Mitoho camp, 24°02.898'S, 43°45.138'E, 10 m a. s. l., 12.–13.i.2014, M. Trýzna leg. Paratypes (15): 1 male: the same data as holotype; 13 males: Madagascar, Toliara prov., Tsimanampetsotsa N. P., Andranovao camp, 24°01.505'S, 43°44.306'E, 15 m a. s. l., 14.–15.i.2014, M. Trýzna leg. (FGMRI 7 ex., LBVC 2 ex., MTDC 2 ex., NHMUK 2 ex.).

Differential diagnosis

This species is similar to C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926, but differs by the lighter colour of the elytra and missing lighter humeri. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 5.3 mm, maximum width 2.1 mm (Figure 7). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.8. Whole body dark brown, only antennae, maxillary and labial palpi and humeri on elytra moderately lighter. Pubescence yellowish-white.

Head matt-shiny, with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other one very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence recumbent or semi-erect, short, inclined backwards; on sides of head semi-erect and long, inclined forwards. Clypeus with shallow transverse depression. Eyes large, globular with short erect sparse pubescence. Frons twice as wide as diameters of eye, from dorsal view. Antennae consisting of eleven antennomeres, 4th to 10th pectinate (Figure 25). 1stantennomere robust, twice as long as wide; 2nd smallest, only one-half length of 1st, as long as wide, slightly narrower than 1st. 3rd serrate, as long as wide; 4th and 5th 1.8 times wider than long; 6th and 7th 1.5 times wider than long; the 8th and 9th 1.3 times wider as long; and 10th 1.1 times as wide as long. Apical antennomere is longest, oblong oval, 4.3 times as long as wide. All antennomeres on margin with short erect dense setae. Apical maxillary palpomere long, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt-shiny, rounded, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.7); widest at 2/3 posteriorly. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Middle of pronotum at base with blunt small swlling, posteriorly slightly sharpened. Surface of pronotum with double punctation, one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence long, sparse, recumbent, inclined more or less to middle of pronotum.

Scutellum triangular, narrow, 1.3 times as long as wide, very densely recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards, surface is not visible.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shining, with distinct humeri. Each elytron with five fine costae, almost invisible, but apex more distinct. Surface of elytra with double punctation, one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence relatively sparse, recumbent or semi-erect, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 25 small teeth.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. All tarsi robust, same length as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, same width, slightly emarginate on top, 4th slightly shorter than previous, more emarginate, almost to 2/3 of their length. 5th is same length as 3rd and 4th together, rectangular, wider on the top, with two large claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 34.

Female. Unknown.

Variability

Body length 4.7–7.1 mm, maximum width 1.8–2.8 mm.

Name derivation

Patronym, dedicated to Adolphe Randrianjaka (University of Antananarivo, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Entomology), whom we called Njaka.

Biology

Unknown. All specimens were collected at light.

Distribution

This species is found in the southwestern part of Madagascar (Figure 16).

Clada (Clada) obesasp. n.

Figs 8, 17, 26

Type material

Holotype female: Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Ampatika env., Mahajamba riv., 10.–12.xii.1996, I. Jeniš lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

Differs from other African species by the shape of the body, which is very arched. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Female (holotype). Short, elongate-elliptical, extremely strongly transversally convex (any other species from genus Clada Pascoe, 1887 is not so convex). Body length 8.0 mm, maximum width 4.4 mm (Figure 8). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.6. Body dark brown, pronotum piceous-black, legs dark brown, antennae and maxillary and labial palpi lighter, brown. Pubescence yellowish white.

Head matt; dense, coarse, umbilicate punctation, with long recumbent or semi-erect dense pubescence, with sparse long erect setae, inclined more or less forwards, only on vertex partly inclined to middle or backwards. Clypeus with deep transversal furrow, frons flattened. Eyes large, globular with short erect sparse brown pubescence. Frons wide, 2.9 times as wide as diameter of eye (from dorsal view). Antennae consisting of eleven antennomeres, serrate (Figure 26). 1st antennomere robust, twice as long as wide, with dense long erect hairs; 2nd small, as wide as 1st, only one-half of their length, as long as wide. 3rd slightly serrate, 1.5 times as long as wide. Antennomeres 4th to 10th serrate; 4th 1.1 times as long as wide, 5th 1.5 times as long as wide; 6th 1.3 times as long as wide, 7th to 10th 1.6 times as long as wide, 11th oblong oval, 2.6 times as long as wide. Apical maxillary palpomere long, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt shining, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.7), widest in last third. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Middle of pronotum at base with high blunt swelling, on their sides shallow, almost invisible rounded depression. Surface of pronotum coarsely, densely, umbilicate punctate, distance between punctures smaller than their diameter, almost touching. Pubescence short, recumbent or semi-erect, inclined largely backwards, on sides inclined obliquely backward, on anterior margin inclined from sides to middle; from anterior margin to swelling in middle arranged to narrow strip.

Scutellum large, almost triangular (on top slightly rounded), 1.2 times as long as wide. Surface distinct with dense and coarse umbilicate punctation, with short, dense, recumbent pubescence inclined backwards.

Elytra short oval, transversally strongly convex, shining, with distinct humeri. Each elytron slightly irregular bent, with fifth costae, which are only slightly visible (especially from lateral view). Surface of elytra with double punctation. One very coarse, dense, umbilicate, irregular, diameter between punctures smaller than their diameter. Other one relatively fine, dense; punctures almost touching. Pubescence short, sparse, inclined backwards.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. All tarsi robust, same length as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, same width, slightly emarginate on top, 4th slightly shorter than previous, more emarginate, almost to 2/3 of their length. 5th is same length as 3rd and 4th together, rectangular, wider on the top, with two large claws, without teeth.

Male. Unknown.

Name derivation

Derived from the shape of body, from the Latin obesus for plump.

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the northwestern part of Madagascar (Figure 17).

Clada (Clada) rindraisp. n.

Figs 9, 18, 27, 35

Type material

Holotype male: Madagascar, Toliara prov., Toliara env., 23.–27.xi.1996, J. Stolarczyk lgt. (FGMRI).

Differential diagnosis

This species is similar to C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926, but differs by the lighter colour of the elytra and missing lighter humeri. Fully differs by shape of the aedeagus. For differences from other Madagascan species, see key.

Description

Male (holotype). Elongate-elliptical, transversally convex. Body length 6.6 mm, maximum width 2.5 mm (Figure 9). Ratio length:width of elytra 1.5. Body brown, pronotum darker; antennae, maxillary and labial palpi and legs lighter. Pubescence yellowish white.

Head matt-shiny, with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other one is very fine, almost invisible, punctures almost touching. Pubescence semi-erect, long, in anterior part inclined forwards, in posterior part inclined more or less backwards. Clypeus with shallow transverse depression, shiny. Eyes large, globular with long erect dense pubescence. Frons 2.7 times as wide as diameter of the eye, from dorsal view. Antennae consisting of eleven antennomeres, 4th to 10th pectinate (Figure 27). 1st antennomere robust, 2.5 times as long as wide; 2nd smallest, almost triangular, only one-half long as the 1st, as long as wide, slightly narrower as the 1st. The 3rd strongly serrate, as long as wide, 1.8 times as width of 1st. 4th to 9th 1.4 times as wide as long; 10th 0.9 times shorter as long. Apical antennomere is longest, oblong oval, 5.7 times as long as wide. All antennomeres on margin with short erect dense setae. Apical maxillary palpomere long, spindle shaped.

Pronotum convex, matt-shiny, rounded, transverse (ratio length:width of pronotum 0.8); widest at 2/3 posteriorly. Base of pronotum finely bordered. Middle of pronotum at base with blunt small swelling, posteriorly slightly sharpened. Surface of pronotum with double punctation – one coarse, dense, umbilicate; distance between punctures approximately one half of their diameter, some punctures almost touching; other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence long, dense, semi-erect, inclined more or less to middle of pronotum, only on sides inclined to margin.

Scutellum triangular with blunt top, narrow, 1.8 times as long as wide, very sparse and short recumbent pubescence, inclined backwards.

Elytra oval, transversally convex, shiny, with distinct humeri. Each elytron with five fine costae, almost invisible, but apex more distinct. Surface of elytra with double punctation, one coarse, dense, umbilicate, distance between punctures approximately the same as their diameter; other one is very fine, punctures almost touching. Pubescence relatively sparse, recumbent partly also semi-erect, inclined backwards. Posterior margin of each elytron with approximately 25 small teeth.

Legs stout, with short and dense recumbent pubescence. All tarsi robust, same length as tibia. 1st metatarsomere as long as 2nd and 3rd together, same width, slightly emarginate on top. 4th slightly shorter than previous, more emarginate, almost to 2/3 of their length. 5th is same length as 3rd and 4th together, rectangular, wider on the top, with two large claws, without teeth.

For aedeagus see Figure 35.

Female. Unknown

Name derivation

Patronym, dedicated to Mr Rindra Andriamahefasoa (Chef de Volet Conservation et Recherche, Andasibe-Mantadia National Park).

Biology

Unknown.

Distribution

This species is found in the southwestern part of Madagascar (Figure 18).

Key to Clada (s. str.) from Madagascar

1 Body extremely strongly convex, large species (8 mm), quite differ by shape of body from other species of this genus; between swelling and posterior margin of pronotum wide flattened (only female holotype known) Clada (Clada) obesa sp. n.
Body convex, smaller (maximum 7 mm), between swelling and posterior margin only very slim flattened (males) 2
2 Elytra with distinct longitudinal rows of dense recumbent hairs, aedeagus Fig. 30 Clada (Clada) fasciata sp. n.
Elytra without distinct rows of dense recumbent hairs 3
3 Elytra with very fine quasi costae or without distinct costae, eyes with very short hairs, aedeagus Fig. 33 Clada (Clada) mamyi sp. n.
Elytra with more or less distinct costae, eyes with distinct hairs 4
4 The 3rdantennomere serrate 5
The 3rdantennomere pectinate 6
5 Swelling on pronotum sharpened, aedeagus Fig. 34 Clada (Clada) njakai sp. n.
Swelling on pronotum blunt, aedeagus Fig. 35 Clada (Clada) rindrai sp. n.
6 Lateral projection of the 3rdantennomere shorter than the length of this antennomere, aedeagus Fig. 32 Clada (Clada) madagascarensis sp. n.
Lateral projection of the 3rdantennomere longer than the length of this antennomere 7
7 Elytra yellow-brown 8
Elytra dark brown, aedeagus Fig. 31 Clada (Clada) lalae sp. n.
8 The 2ndantennomere as long as wide, aedeagus Fig. 29 Clada (Clada) dimbyi sp. n.
The 2ndantennonere distinctly longer than wide, aedeagus Fig. 28 Clada (Clada) barclayi sp. n.
Table 1.

Main distinguishing characters of species of the genus Clada (s. str.) from the Southern African Region and Madagascar.

Species Antennae Costae/rows of hairs Colour of elytra Figure of aedeagus
male female
C. (C.) barclayi sp. n. P S yes/no light brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) basilewskyi Español, 1969 S yes/no dark brown Español, 1969b
C. (C.) costipennis Kolbe, 1897 P yes/yes dark brown Absent
C. (C.) dimbyi sp. n. P yes/no light brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) fasciata sp. n. S yes/yes Brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) flabellicornis Pic, 1936 P yes/yes Rusty absent
C. (C.) granulata Español, 1972 S yes/no Black Español, 1972
C. (C.) humeralis Pic, 1926 P S yes/no black (piceous) absent
C. (C.) lalae sp. n. P S yes/no dark brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) laticollis Pic, 1947 yes/no black-piceous (immature light brown) absent
C. (C.) lineatipennis Pic, 1926 yes/yes black (piceous) absent
C. (C.) longicornis Pic, 1934 F F yes/no Rusty absent
C. (C.) madagascarensis sp. n. P P yes/no Brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) mamyi sp. n. P no/no Brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) multistriata Pic, 1952 P yes/yes black (piceous) absent
C. (C.) njakai sp. n. P yes/no dark brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) obesa sp. n. S yes/no dark brown absent
C. (C.) rindrai sp. n. P yes/no Brown Zahradník & Trýzna
C. (C.) rugosa Pic, 1915 P yes/no Rusty no
C. (C.) waterhousei Pascoe, 1887 P yes/no rusty or black no

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr Lala Harivelo Ravaomanarivo Raveloson (University of Antananarivo, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Entomology), Dr Mamy A. Rakotoarijaona (Directeur des Opérations, Madagascar National Parks, Antananarivo), and Dr Dimby Raharinjanahary (Chargé des Bases de données de suivibiodiversité et recherche, Madagascar National Parks, Antananarivo) for supporting our research project: ‘Étude à long terme de la biodiversité des groupes choisis d’insectes: Coléoptères, Hétéroptères, Homoptères, Lépidoptères et quelque famille de Micro Lépidoptères nocturne dans les localités préalablement sélectionnées en considération de la recherche et la protection de la biodiversité dans les aires protégées de Madagascar. Analyse des risques potentiels d´influencer négativement la biodiversité dans les régions étudiées’. This work was supported by the Internal Grant Agency (IGA no. 20124364, IGA no. A28 16), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague and by the project of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic, Resolution RO0116 (reference number 10462/2016-MZE-17011). We are indebted to Lukáš Blažej (Varnsdorf, Czech Republic) for drawings of antennae and aedeagi and Maxwell VL Barclay for proofreading the manuscript.

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