Privesa exuta Melichar 1898b, designated by Melichar 1923: 144.

General colour ochraceous or fuscous. Vertex and most part of frons usually pale brown or dark brown. Pronotum brown. Mesonotum usually fuscous. Legs pale yellow or brown. Forewing brown to fuscous. Hindwing hyaline, pale brown.

Head (Figs 9–12, see Fletcher 2008: 112, Figs 15–17) large. Vertex broad and narrow, nearly rectangular in outline; distinctly separated from the frons by a transverse carina, lateral margins ridged and nearly parallel, posterior margin archedly concave; shorter than pronotum at midline; disk planar with some faint wrinkles. Frons oblique, broader than long, with central, sublateral and lateral carinae; lateral margins carinate and strongly elevated, with a slight outward bulge at mid-length, converging below level of antennae to apex. Clypeus narrower than frons, convex medially, shallowly inserted, lateral marginal areas depressed, with central longitudinal carina. Rostrum with subapical segment just surpassing meso-trochanters, apical segment attaining post-trochanters. Eyes oval. Ocelli small, situated between eye and base of antennae. Antennae short, scape ring-liked; pedicel subglobose, about 2 times as long as scape; flagellum setaceous, basely expanded.

Pronotum (Figs 9–11) narrow, with median longitudinal carina, punctuated beside central carina; disk slightly sloping laterally, hind margin centrally distinctly arched anteriorly. Mesonotum (Figs 9–11) large, triangular and convex, with 3 carinae: central carina straight; lateral carinae inwardly and anteriorly curved, nearly parallel on anterior margin, each bifurcating outwardly near middle in a straight longitudinal carina. Forewing (Figs 9–10, 13, see Fletcher 2008: 110–112, Figs 13–15;) quadrate, with costal and sutural margins subparallel; apical margin convex, shorter than claval suture; precostal area at middle broader than costal cell, with transverse veinlets dense; three veins emanating from basal cell, R and Sc nearly parallel, the radial veins originating from a common point on the basal cell; M leaving basal cell as a single short stem but forking in more than length of basal cell; Cu1 with four or five branches just before the apical margin; subapical line complete; claval veins uniting near middle of clavus, common claval vein entering commissural margin, clavus with many transverse veinlets. Hindwing (Figs 10, 14, see Fletcher 2008: 108, Fig. 2) small, anterior margin strongly sinuate; Sc short, unforked, R with three or four branches, M with two or three branches, Cu1 with more than four branches; transverse veinlets including only R-M and M-Cu. Legs moderately long; hind tibiae with 2 lateral black-tipped spines.

Female and male genitalia. See description of Aprivesa unimaculata sp. n. below.

As with many ricaniid planthopper species, no biological data are currently available for species of Aprivesa, except that Aprivesa exuta was collected on Melaleuca quinquenervia (Fletcher 2008).

Australia, India.

Aprivesa is distinguished from other genera in Ricaniidae by the shape of frons and wing, the wing venation, and the minutiae of the male genitalia.

Species of Aprivesa are similar to those of Privesa Stål. But Aprivesa can be separated from Privesa by the lateral margins of the frons with a slight outward bulge below the antennae and the forewing with two radial veins originating from a common point on the basal cell (Fletcher 2008). In addition, the genus Privesa is distributed primarily in the Afrotropical region. Although the genus Aprivesa was an Australian endemic before, the finding of the new species in south India greatly extends the range of the genus Aprivesa. The similar distribution pattern is seen in another ricaniid genus Scolypopa. Most of Scolypopa species are found in the Australian region; but three distinct species of Scolypopa are distributed in the Indo-Malayan region (Metcalf 1955, Fletcher 1979a, b, 2008).

♂ (n=1), BL: 6.0 mm, FWL: 7.0 mm; ♀ (n=1), BL: 6.0 mm, FWL: 8.0 mm. General colour brown to fuscous. Vertex, frons and clypeus brown. Eye brown. Ocelli yellowish. Rostrum pallid. Pronotum and mesonotum fuscous. Thorax fuscous ventrally, marked with brown. Legs pale brown; tarsi and tips of tibiae fuscous. Abdomen fuscous ventrally, with pale brown transverse strips; pygofer fuscous. Forewing brown, with many pale brown areoles; stigma relatively large, white hyaline. Hindwing pale brown.

Head (including compound eyes) (Figs 9–12) slightly wider than pronotum. Vertex (Fig. 11) wider at anterior margin than long in middle line (5.8:1). Frons (Fig. 12) wider at widest part than long in middle line (1.4:1); disc tricarinate, with sublateral carinae shorter than central carina. Clypeus (Fig. 12) triangular, with central carina. Rostrum long, nearly reaching between hind coxae, with apical segment slightly shorter than basal segment.

Pronotum (Fig. 11) wider at widest part than long in middle line (7.1:1), punctuated beside central carina. Mesonotum (Fig. 11) large, longer than broad, tricarinate on disc, lateral carinae on each side diverging from the middle one, disunited on the anterior border. Wing venation as in Figs 13–14.

Female genitalia (Figs 15–18) symmetrical (Stroiński 2002; Liang 2003). Anal tube (Figs 15–16) relatively short and small, with apical margin rounded, nearly parallel-sided in dorsal view. Gonopophyses VIII (first valvulae) (Fig. 18) with two triangular lobes, the outer lobes saw-like, strongly sclerotised and having 7 blunt teeth on dorsal margin, and the inner lobes slightly sclerotised, with 3 blunt teeth on dorsal margin. Gonopophyses IX (second valvulae) small, degenerated. Gonoplacs (third valvulae) (Figs 15, 17) triangular with many teeth extending along ventral margin, directed mesad. Bursa copulatrix (Fig. 15) large, with two pouches, the first pouch connected to the second by a short and narrow duct, the opening directed into vagina. Genital opening singular (monotrysian), occurring between gonopophyses VIII.

Male genitalia with pygofer (Fig. 19) narrow and high, with dorsal posterior margin smoothly produced posteriorly in lateral view. Anal tube (Figs 19–20) moderately small, distinctly projected caudad, dorsally sulcate in distal half, trapezium in dorsal view, longer than wide at middle (1.3:1). Anal styles (Figs 19–20) relatively short and small. Genital styles (Fig. 19) relatively large and slender, with a long apical process, the base of inner margin curvedly produced, in profile longer than wide at middle (4.3:1). Aedeagus (Figs 21–23) cone-liked, nearly straight, partly sclerotised, symmetrical, having two pairs of caudad directed membranous processes at apex, with the inner pair longer and the outer pair slightly short.

Holotype ♂. Ammatti, S. Coorg, S. India, xi.1982, P S Nathan (NCSU). Paratype: 1♀, S. Coorg, S. India, Ammatti, 3100 ft., v.1951, P S Nathan (NCSU).

This species is named for its forewing with one large hyaline spot.

South India (Coorg).

This species is externally similar to Aprivesa exuta (Melichar, 1898)from Australia, butcan be distinguished from the latter by the characters given in the key.