Research Article |
Corresponding author: Rogério Bertani ( rbert@butantan.gov.br ) Academic editor: Chris Hamilton
© 2017 Irene Soliz Revollo, Pedro Ismael da Silva Júnior, Rogério Bertani.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Revollo IS, Silva Júnior PI, Bertani R (2017) Two new Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 species from Brazil and Bolivia (Araneae, Theraphosidae). ZooKeys 724: 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.724.20680
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Two new species of Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 are described from Brazil and Bolivia, D. mottai sp. n. from Distrito Federal and the state of Goiás, Brazil, and D. camargorum sp. n. from the state of Rondônia, Brazil, and the La Paz region, Bolivia. Males of the two new species resemble Dolichothele bolivianum (Vol, 2001) in having a small subapical keel on the distal embolus and females in particular by the short spermatheca. Dolichothele bolivianum is redescribed, and its geographical distribution is herein restricted to Bolivia and the state of Mato Grosso in Brazil.
Bolivia, cerrado, Ischnocolinae , tarantula, taxonomy
The genus Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 was described based on a single species, Dolichothele exilis Mello-Leitão, 1923, from the state of Paraíba, Brazil, and included in Barychelidae. Later,
Most of the species presently considered in Dolichothele were described in the genus Oligoxystre, which was revised by
Specimens of the following institutions were examined:
All measurements are in millimeters and were obtained from the right appendages, unless they were missing or regenerated. For measuring larger structures, such as carapace, abdomen and appendages, a Mitutoyo digital caliper was used with an error of 0.005 mm, rounded up to two significant decimals. Appendages were measured from the dorsal aspect. Image captures of the structures were made with a Leica M205C dissecting microscope, with a Leica LAS montage and a LAS 3D module with which small structures such as eyes were measured.
The position of spines on legs and palp followed the terminology of
ALE anterior lateral eye,
AME anterior median eye,
ap apical,
d dorsal,
ITC inferior tarsal claw,
PLE posterior lateral eye,
PLS posterior lateral spinneret,
PME posterior median eye,
PMS posterior median spinneret,
p prolateral,
r retrolateral,
STC superior tarsal claw,
v ventral.
Maps of species distributions were made with the program ArcGIS 10. Geographical coordinates were obtained from the labels when available (primary source, indicated by parentheses) or using Google Earth (secondary source, indicated by brackets).
Dolichothele
Mello-Leitão, 1923: 119 (Type species by original designation D. exilis Mello-Leitão, 1923, type in
Oligoxystre
Vellard, 1924: 151, pl. 10, f. 38 (Type species by original designation O. auratum Vellard, 1924, should be deposited at Instituto Vital Brazil, Niterói, lost); first synonymized by
Pseudoligoxystre
Vol, 2001: 4–6, f. 7 (type species Pseudoligoxystre bolivianum Vol, 2001, deposited at
Goniodontium
Mello-Leitão, 1923: 126 (type species by original designation Goniodontium muticum Mello-Leitão, 1923, type in
(from
Pseudoligoxystre bolivianus Vol, 2001: 3, f. 1–7.
Oligoxystre
bolivianum
;
Dolichothele
bolivianum
;
Holotype male, BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Samaipata [18°7'S; 63°53'W], September 2000, J. M. Verdez & H. Simoens coll. (
BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Samaipata [18°10'S; 63°50'W], 1 male, 06 October 2004, D. Weinmann & A. Stirm coll. (
Males of D. bolivianum resemble those of D. dominguense , D. camargorum sp. n., and D. mottai sp. n. by the presence of a small subapical keel on male palpal bulb embolus (Figs
Holotype (Figs
Immatures (Fig.
Bolivia, department of Santa Cruz; and Brazil, state of Mato Grosso (Fig.
The species is found in Bosque montañoso (Bolivian Montaine Dry Forests) in Bolivia and Cerrado (a type of savannah vegetation) in Brazil. One of the authors (ISR) collected females and immatures under rocks on the way to mountains on Samaipata (Figs
Oligoxystre
bolivianum
;
Dolichothele
bolivianum
;
Holotype female, BRAZIL: Distrito Federal, Brasília, Reserva Ecológica do IBGE [16°56'S; 47°53'W], 10 July 2007, R. Bertani, P. Motta, C. S. Fukushima, R. H. Nagahama, J. Crisóstomo coll. (
BRAZIL: Distrito Federal, Brasilia, 1 male, without additional data (
Males of D. mottai sp. n. resemble those of D. dominguense (
Female holotype (
(
The specific name is a patronym in honor of the arachnologist Dr. Paulo Cesar Motta, for his contributions to the taxonomy and biology of mygalomorphs inhabiting the Brazilian Cerrado region.
Brazil, Distrito Federal and state of Goiás (Fig.
The specimens used by
Dolichothele mottai sp. n. occurs on the Cerrado strictosensu from Central-Western Brazil. The female constructs silk tunnels under rocks and logs, and males were found moving between September and November when they leave their shelter to search for females, in Distrito Federal (
Oligoxystre
bolivianum
;
Dolichothele
bolivianum
;
Male holotype (
BRAZIL, Rondônia: Monte Negro [10°15'S; 63°17'W], BR421, km 30, daytime hand collecting, 1 female, 18 December 2013, P. I. Silva Jr coll. (
Males of D. camargorum sp. n. (Figs
Male holotype (
(
Immatures (Fig.
The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Erney F. Plessmann de Camargo and Dr. Luis Marcelo Aranha Camargo for their efforts to develop medical and biological research in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. They encouraged the field work on which the specimens of this new species were collected.
Remarks.
Dolichothele species. 28–29 Dolichothele bolivianum 28 female 29 immature. Both from Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Samaipata 30–31 Dolichothele mottai sp. n. 30 female 31 male. Both from Brazil, Distrito Federal, Brasília 32–35 Dolichothele camargorum sp. n. from Brazil, Rondônia, Monte Negro 32 male 33 immature 34 female (
Brazil, state of Rondônia; and Bolivia, department of La Paz (Fig.
Dolichothele camargorum sp. n. occurs in the Amazon region, probably in Cerrado remnants.
We are grateful to the curators Drs. Adalberto Santos (