Abstract Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 is one of the largest genera of the family Ichneumonidae. The genus is very species rich in Indo-Australia but poorly represented in the Neotropical region. In this paper two morphologically very distinctive species of the genus, X. amazonica sp.n. Gómez, Sääksjärvi & Veijalainen, and X. jussilai sp.n. Veijalainen, Sääksjärvi & Broad, are described and illustrated. The new species have been collected in the Peruvian and Ecuadorean Amazonia. A revised key to the Neotropical species of the genus is provided. X. aurita Krieger and X. craspedoptera Krieger are recorded for the first time from Peru.