This genus is readily separated from others within the Selenophori group by the pronounced apical carina that extends from the lateral angle to the suture of the elytron. Noonan (1985a: 42, 43) states: “... by having the posterior portion of the seventh and eight elytral intervals joined into a raised longitudinal ridge extended from interval 8 to the suture and formed by the dorsum of the disc sloped over a prominent concave inflexion of the distal portion of the elytron...”.

Both species of Neodiachipteryx are recorded from the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola: N. cariniger (Putzeys) and N. davidsoni, new species.

The Dominican Republic, the Spanish part of the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola.

This species is readily separated from N. davidsoni by a combination of: labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave, not notched, and elytral intervals 3–5 flat at the apex of the elytra.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 9A. Clypeus and labrum with anterior margin of each shallowly concave. Antennae, mouthparts and legs rufo-testaceous to rufo-brunneous; legs bicolored, with femora darker than remainder of leg. Dorsal and ventral surfaces rufo-brunneous to dark brunneous; dorsal surface with greenish blue metallic luster. Head, pronotum and elytra shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Labrum with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 1.5–2× wide as long. Pronotum with posteriolateral angles rounded; posteriolateral impression impunctate. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Elytral interval 2 slightly convex at elytral apex; intervals 3–5 flat at elytral apex (Fig. 10A). The membranous hind wings are folded, not reduced in length. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 11A–C. Apical portion of phallic median lobe markedly reduced, tip obliquely truncate in ventro/dorsal aspects; endophallus with one small darkened microtrichial field, right lateral ventral aspect; without lamina.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 12. Gonocoxite 2 (gc2) falcate with moderately wide base. Bursa copulatrix (bc) quite long; small kidney-shaped spermatheca 1 (sp1) originating at base of common oviduct (co); subapical duct from spermatheca 1 connects to ducts of spermatheca 2 and spermathecal gland. Spermatheca 2 (sp2) with long duct, apical portion inflated. Both spermatheca 1 and spermatheca 2 the same in transparency of issue. Spermathecal gland (spg) with quite long duct, gland sausage-like.

Fig. 13. This species is known only from the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola.

Both this species and its putative adelphotaxon, N. davidsoni, new species, are recorded from Hispaniola, but their known ranges do not overlap.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 8 specimens (6 males, 2 females). See Appendix for details.

Figure 9. 

Habitus digital images, dorsal aspect, of Neodiachipteryx species. A N. cariniger (Putzeys) B N. davidsoni sp. n. Scale bars: A 10 mm; B 5 mm.

Figure 10. 

Digital images of elytra excluding base of Neodiachipteryx species, dorsal aspect. A N. cariniger (Putzeys) B N. davidsoni sp. n.. Scale bars 3 mm.

Figure 11. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Neodiachipteryx cariniger (Putzey). A right lateral aspect B dorsal aspect C left lateral aspect. Scale bar 1 mm.

Figure 12. 

Line drawing of female reproductive tract of Neodiachipteryx cariniger (Putzeys). Legend: bc bursa copulatrix co common oviduct gc1 gonocoxite 1 gc2 gonocoxite 2 sp spermatheca spg spermathecal gland spgd spermathecal gland ductaaaa v valvifer. Scale bar 1 mm.

Figure 13. 

Map of West Indies showing known localities for species of Neodiachipteryx Noonan.

A Latinized eponym, genitive case, based on the surname of Robert L. Davidson, Section of Invertebrate Zoology, Carnegie Museum who recognized the single specimen to represent a new species and provided the specimen to the authors so that it could be included in this paper.

Holotype male, labelled: “DOMINICAN/ REPUBLIC/ Sabaneta Prov./ Santiago Rodrigues/ Zamba/ August 2, 1980” (CMNH).

Zamba, municipality of Sabaneta, province of Santiago Rodrigues, Dominican Republic.

This species is readily separated from N. cariniger, the only other species of Neodiachipteryx, by a combination of: labrum with anterior margin deeply notched medially and elytral intervals 3–5 moderately convex at the apex of the elytra.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 9B. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave; labrum with anterior margin deeply notched medially. Antennae and mouthparts rufo-testaceous; legs bicolored, femora rufo-brunneous, remainder of leg rufo-testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces rufo-brunneous to dark brunneous; dorsal surface with greenish blue metallic luster. Head, pronotum and elytra shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Labrum with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 1.5–2× wide as long. Pronotum with posteriolateral angles rounded; posteriolateral impression impunctate. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Elytral interval 2 markedly convex at elytral apex; intervals 3–5 moderately convex at elytral apex (Fig. 10B). The membranous hind wings are folded, not reduced in length.

Male genitalia. Unknown, the abdomen is missing from the holotype.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Female unknown.

Fig. 13. This species is known only from the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola.

Both this species and N. cariniger are recorded from Hispaniola, but their known ranges do not overlap.

Only the male holotype; for details, see above.

This genus is markedly divergent in its external features, includes a large number of species, and therefore, it is not possible to give an easy means of recognition. Identification of its members is best accomplished by use of the keys provided here, above.

The 30 taxa of Selenophorus (sensu lato) recorded in the West Indies plus one doubtful species are arranged in two subgenera, and 10 species groups, with number of species in each group in parentheses: subgenus Celiamorphus-- discopunctatus species group (2), latior species group (3) and seriatoporus species group (1); subgenus Selenophorus (sensu stricto)-- hylacis species group (5), mundus species group (3), nonseriatus species group (3), opalinus species group (7), palliatus species group (4), parumpunctatus species group (2) and striatopunctatus species group (1).

See synonymy for genus Selenophorus.

Members of this subgenus have the hind tarsus nearly as long as the hind tibia. Additionally, males of all species in this subgenus have a lamina present near the base of the endophallus of the phallic median lobe. Identification of members is best done by using keys.

Basal lamina present on the endophallus at the apical opening of the phallic median lobe.

Six species of subgenus Celiamorphus, arranged in three species groups, inhabit the West Indies.

Combination of the following characters: intermediate size (SBL 5.92–7.28 mm); elytra with mesh pattern isodiametric to slight transverse; and pronotum with posteriomedial area of disc moderately to densely punctate.

SBL. Males, 5.92–6.88 mm; females, 6.16–7.28 mm.

Color. Antennae and legs testaceous to slightly darker; palpi infuscated, tip testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces brunneous to dark brunneous, not quite piceous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc.

Luster. Shiny without metallic reflection.

Dorsal microsculpture. Mesh pattern isodiametric to slightly transverse, microsculpture visible or not at 100× in males; microlines more impressed in females, visible at 100×.

Male genitalia. Apical portion of phallic median lobe with long taper, apex with prominent dorsal hook, or without hook. Preapical orifice anopic, moderately long; endophallus without macro spines, lamina present.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Gonocoxite 2 moderately thick, nearly straight. Bursa copulatrix short, bowl-like apically; long spermatheca originating near base of common oviduct, without distinct narrowing basally; spermathecal gland duct originating near base of spermatheca; spermathecal gland small, somewhat bulbous.

The discopunctatus species group includes two species in the West Indies: S. discopunctatus Dejean and S. yucatanus Putzeys.

In the West Indies, the range of this species group is virtually co-extensive with the islands themselves.

Saint Barthélemy, Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles.

This species is readily separated from the other member of the discopunctatus species group by the posteriolateral impressions of pronotum, which are moderately to densely punctate, but smooth, not rugose. Additionally, apical portion of male genitalia with a prominent dorsal hook (Fig. 15A, C; cf. Fig. 15D, F) .

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 14A. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave; clypeus with anterior margin moderately concave. Antennae and legs testaceous to slightly darker; palpi infuscated, tip testaceous, base slightly to much darker, maxillary palpomere 3 same color as base of maxillary palpomere 4. Dorsal and ventral surfaces brunneous to dark brunneous, not quite piceous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc. Frons and disc of pronotum shiny, with isodiametric microsculpture visible at 100×, microlines more impressed in females; posteriolateral impressions of pronotum with mesh pattern isodiametric; elytra granular, with mesh pattern isodiametric. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Punctures of striae 2, 5 and 7 foveate. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 15A–C. Apical portion of phallic median lobe with long taper, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, with prominent dorsal hook; endophallus with four long spines, approximately medial in position; lamina present, more or less banana shaped, pointed at apex.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Very similar to that of S. yucatanus, Fig. 16. For details, see this topic for S. yucatanus, below.

Fig. 17. This wide-ranging species is found on most of the island groups in the West Indies, with the exception of the Greater Antillean Caymans.

The West Indian range of this widely distributed species overlaps the range of S. yucatanus in the Lesser Antillean Grenadines. Its relationships are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 1,435 specimens (714 males, 720 females, 1 unknown). See Appendix for details.

Figure 14. 

Habitus digital images of Selenophorus discopunctatus species group, dorsal aspect. A S. discopunctatus Dejean B S. yucatanus Putzeys. Scale bars 5 mm.

Figure 15. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Selenophorus discopunctatus species group. A, D right lateral aspect B, E dorsal aspect C, F left lateral aspect. A–C S. discopunctatus Dejean D–F S. yucatanus Putzeys. Scale bars 1 mm.

According to the original description (Putzeys 1878a: 24), this species description is based on a single specimen, sex not specified (see details above). In spite of the statement in the original description, in the Chaudoir-Oberthür Collection are two males and a female, in front of the following box label: “Yucat”. Each of the specimens is labelled “Type”. Under the circumstances, it seems best to treat one of the specimens as a lectotype, rather than as a holotype.

Yucatan Peninsula, México.

This species is readily separated from the other West Indian member of the discopunctatus species group by the posteriolateral impressions of pronotum, which are densely punctate and rugose. Additionally, the apical portion of the phallic median lobe lacks a hook.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 14B. Clypeus with anterior margin moderately concave. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave. Antennae and legs testaceous to slightly darker; palpi infuscated, tip testaceous, base slightly to much darker, maxillary palpomere 3 same color as base of maxillary palpomere 4. Dorsal and ventral surfaces brunneous to dark brunneous, not quite piceous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc. Frons shiny in males and females, with mesh pattern isodiametric; disc of pronotum shiny in males and females, males without microlines visible at 100×, females with microlines visible at 100×, sculpticells about 2× wide as long; posteriolateral surface of pronotum in males and females with mesh pattern isodiametric. Elytra with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 1.5–2× wide as long. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Punctures of striae 2, 5 and 7 foveate. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 15D–F. Apical portion of phallic median lobe with long taper, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, with two small dorsal projections; endophallus without spines or dark microtrichial fields; lamina present, long, more or less ovoid, with tip curved to left, pointed at apex. Ventral surface of shaft with two rows of finely saw-toothed ridges.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 16. Gonocoxite 2 (gc2) moderately thick, nearly straight. Bursa copulatrix (bc) short, bowl-like apically; long spermatheca (sp) originating near base of common oviduct (co), without distinct narrowing basally; spermathecal gland duct originating near base of spermatheca; spermathecal gland (spg) small, somewhat bulbous.

Fig. 17. This species is only recorded from the Lesser Antillean islands of Grenada, Mustique and Union in the West Indies. On the mainland it is known from the Middle American Yucatan Peninsula.

The known West Indian range of this species is overlapped by that of the closely related S. discopunctatus. Its relationships are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 53 specimens (30 males, 23 females). See Appendix for details.

Figure 16. 

Line drawing of female reproductive tract of Selenophorus discopunctatus species group, in part, S. yucatanus Putzeys, ventral aspect. Legend: bc bursa copulatrix; co common oviduct gc1 gonocoxite 1 gc2 gonocoxite 2 sp spermatheca spg spermathecal gland v valvifer. Scale bar 1 mm.

Figure 17. 

Map of West Indies showing known localities for species of Selenophorus discopunctatus species group.

Combination of the following characters: smaller size (SBL 4.88–5.84 mm); elytra with mesh pattern slight transverse to very transverse or absent; and pronotum with posteriomedial area of disc impunctate, or with reduced punctation.

SBL. Males, 4.93–5.84 mm; females, 4.88–5.68 mm.

Color. Antennae variously colored: unicolorous testaceous; or with basal one or two antennomeres testaceous to brunneous and remaining antennomeres darker. Mouthparts: testaceous to infuscated, rufous to rufo-brunneous, with tips testaceous. Legs: testaceous to rufo-brunneous or femora bicolored, rufous to brunneous, base paler, tibae paler than femora, testaceous to rufo-testaceous. Dorsal surface: rufo-brunneous to brunneo-piceous, elytral disc with or without a darker central cloud in intervals 1–6. Ventral surface rufous to brunneo-piceous. Elytral epipleuron paler than disc.

Luster. Shiny, elytra with faint blue-green metallic reflection or subiridescent.

Dorsal microsculpture. Dorsal surface with no microlines or just a few visible at 100×, or head with mesh pattern isodiametric, pronotum and elytra with mesh pattern transverse, sculpticells 1.5–4× wide as long.

Male genitalia. Apical portion of phallic median lobe with long to very long taper, apex with small dorsal hook, blunted, or curved dorsally. Preapical orifice anopic, moderately long to very long; endophallus with or without macro spines, lamina present.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Only S. latior was examined. Gonocoxite 2 moderately thick, somewhat falcate. Bursa copulatrix moderately long; spermatheca moderately long, sausage-like, originating near base of common oviduct; markedly long spermathecal gland duct originating near base of spermatheca; spermathecal gland small, sausage-like, with bulbous swelling of duct, larger than gland, basad gland.

The latior species group includes three species: S. barbadensis Ball and Shpeley, S. latior Darlington, and S. solitarius Darlington.

The range of this species group extends in the Greater Antilles from Cuba to Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and through the Lesser Antilles to Grenada.

Complete label data for type material (holotype (FSCA), allotype, and 9 paratypes) are provided in the original description.

Cavehill, Parish of St. Michael, Barbados, Lesser Antilles.

This species is readily separated from the other species in the latior species group by a combination of: dorsal surface without visible microlines and pronotum with posteriolateral impressions finely punctate.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 18A. Clypeus and labrum with anterior margin of each shallowly concave. Antennae, mouthparts and legs testaceous. Dorsal surface rufo-brunneous to brunneous; elytral disc with darker central cloud in intervals 1–6. Ventral surface rufous to rufo-brunneous; elytral epipleuron paler. Elytra and ventral surface with faint bluish iridescence. Head, pronotum and elytra shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions finely punctate; posteriolateral angles rounded. Interruptions in the elytral striae give the appearance of punctures; standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Elytral intervals finely punctate. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 19A–C. Apical portion of phallic median lobe long, narrowly tapered, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, tip finely capped, bulb-like, dorsal flange turned up, hook-like; endophallus with one dark microtrichial field near basal bulb; lamina present, widened distally, rounded at apex. Ventral surface of shaft with two short rows of basad directed finely saw-toothed ridges.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Not studied.

Fig. 21. This species is known only from the Lesser Antillean islands of Barbados and St. Vincent.

This species is the only member of the latior species group recorded from Barbados. Its relationships are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 12 specimens (5 males, 7 females). See Appendix for details.

Figure 18. 

Habitus digital images of Selenophorus latior species group, dorsal aspect. A S. barbadensis Ball & Shpeley B S. latior Darlington C S. solitarius Darlington. Scale bars 5 mm.

Figure 19. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Selenophorus latior species group. A, D, G right lateral aspect B, E, H dorsal aspect C, F, I left lateral aspect A–C S. barbadensis Ball & Shpeley D–F S. latior Darlington G–I S. solitarius Darlington. Scale bars 1 mm.

Figure 20. 

Line drawing of female reproductive tract of Selenophorus latior species group, in part, S. latior Darlingtoni, ventral aspect. Legend: bc bursa copulatrix co common oviduct gc1 gonocoxite 1 gc2 gonocoxite 2 sp spermatheca spg spermathecal gland spgd spermathecal gland duct v valvifer. Scale bar 1 mm.

Haina, Santo Domingo Province, Dominican Republic, Hispaniola.

This species is readily separated from the other species in the latior species group by a combination of: elytra with slightly transverse microsculpture, sculpticells about 2–4× wide as long and pronotum with posteriolateral impressions impunctate.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 18B. Clypeus and labrum with anterior margin of each shallowly concave. Antennae with one or two basal antennomeres testaceous, remaining antennomeres darker; palpi infuscated, rufous to rufo-brunneous, tips testaceous; femora bicolored, rufous to brunneous, base paler; tibae paler than femora, testaceous to rufo-testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces brunneous to brunneo-piceous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc. Head with mesh pattern isodiametric; pronotum with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 1.5× wide as long; elytra subiridescent, with mesh pattern transverse, sculpticells about 2–4× wide as long. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions impunctate; posteriolateral angles rounded. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Males with a brush of about 24 long setae and females with only about 7 long setae on anterioventral margin of fore-femur. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 19D–F. Apical portion of phallic median lobe markedly long, narrowly tapered, tip capped, bulb-like, with sharp edges in right and left lateral aspects; endophallus with two rows of long spines, the left row longer than the right row; lamina with tip rounded, hook on left side. Ventral surface of shaft with two rows of basally directed saw-toothed ridges.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 20. Gonocoxite 2 (gc2) moderately thick, somewhat falcate. Bursa copulatrix (bc) moderately long; spermatheca (sp) moderately long, sausage-like, originating near base of common oviduct (co); markedly long spermathecal gland duct (spgd) originating near base of spermatheca. Spermathecal gland (spg) small, sausage-like, with bulbous swelling of duct, larger than gland, basad gland.

Fig. 21. The known range of this species extends in the Greater Antilles from eastern Hispaniola, east to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, and then southward through the Lesser Antilles to Grenada.

The range of this species overlaps only that of S. barbadensis on the Lesser Antillean island of St. Vincent. Its relationships are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 131 specimens (58 males, 73 females). See Appendix for details.

Zaza del Medio, Sancti Spiritus Province, Cuba.

This species is readily separated from the other species in the latior species group by a combination of: elytra with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 1.5–2× wide as long, pronotum with posteriolateral angles rounded and pronotum with posteriolateral impressions coarsely punctate.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 18C. Clypeus and labrum with anterior margin of each shallowly concave. Antennae with antennomere 1 rufo-testaceous to brunneous, antennomeres 2–11 darker; palpi infuscated, rufous to rufo-brunneous, tips testaceous; legs rufous to rufo-brunneous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces brunneous to brunneo-piceous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc. Male with faint bluish-green metallic luster; female with faint cupreous metallic luster. Male: head and pronotum shiny, few microlines visible at 100×. Female: head shiny, with mesh pattern isodiametric; pronotum shiny, few microlines visible at 100×. Elytra with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 1.5–2× wide as long in both sexes. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions coarsely punctate; posteriolateral angles broadly rounded. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Both male and female with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Figs 19G–I. Apical portion of phallic median lobe long, narrowly tapered, tip curved up dorsally, hook-like; endophallus without spines or dark microtrichial fields; lamina widened distally, tip pointed. Ventral surface of shaft smooth.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Not studied.

Fig. 21. This species is known only from the Greater Antillean island of Cuba.

The range of this species is allopatric in relation to the other members of the latior species group. Its relationships are not specified beyond group membership.

In addition to the holotype, we have seen one female paratype. See Appendix for details.

Combination of the following characters: larger size (SBL 7.88 mm); elytra with mesh pattern isodiametric; and pronotum with posteriomedial area of disc impunctate.

SBL. Male, 7.88 mm.

Color. Antennae and legs rufo-testaceous to slightly darker; palpi infuscated, tip testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces dark brunneous, not quite piceous; elytral epipleuron diffusely paler than disc.

Luster. Dull with faint metallic green reflection.

Head, pronotum and elytra with mesh pattern coarse isodiametric.

Apical portion of phallic median lobe with long taper, apex without hook. Preapical orifice anopic, moderately long; endophallus with macro spines, lamina present.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Not studied.

The seriatoporus species group includes only one species in the West Indies: S. spinosus sp. n..

In the West Indies, this species group is known only from the Lesser Antillean island of Grenada. On the mainland, the species is known from Brazil.

From Latin, “spina”, in reference to the numerous large spines on the endophallus of the male genitalia.

Seven specimens, 5 males, 2 females. HOLOTYPE male, labelled: “BRAZIL: Amazonas/ Benjamin Constant/ Rio Javary/ II-15-III-15-1942”; “August Robaus/ Collector” (AMNH). Six PARATYPES, sex and label data as follows. Three males, one female, labelled same as holotype (AMNH). Male, labelled “Rio Caiary-Uaupes,/ State of Amazonas,/ Brazil, IX 1906./ H. Schmidt.” (AMNH). Female, labelled “Rio Caiary-Uaupes,/ State of Amazonas,/ Brazil, 1906./ H. Schmidt.” (AMNH).

Benjamin Constant, state of Amazonas, Brazil.

This species, the only member of the seriatoporus species group in the West Indies, is readily recognized by a combination of large size, faint metallic green luster, broad pronotum with rounded posteriolateral angles and posteriolateral impressions smooth, or with only a few punctures. Additionally, endophallus with 13 long spines.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 22. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave; clypeus with anterior margin moderately concave. Antennae and legs rufo-testaceous to slightly darker; palpi infuscated, tip testaceous, base darker, maxillary palpomere 3 same color as base of maxillary palpomere 4. Dorsal and ventral surface dark brunneous, with faint metallic green luster; elytral epipleuron diffusely paler than disc. Head, pronotum and elytra dull, with mesh pattern coarse isodiametric. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Punctures of striae 2, 5 and 7 foveate. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 23A–C. Apical portion of phallic median lobe long, narrowly tapered, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect; endophallus with twisting row of 13 conspicuous long, thick spines; markedly long lamina present, banana-shaped; ostium anopic.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Not studied.

Fig. 24. This species is recorded only from the Lesser Antillean island of Grenada in the West Indies and from Brazil.

The West Indian range of this species is overlapped by the ranges of its putative close relatives, S. discopunctatus and S. yucatanus.

In addition to the type material noted above, we have seen a single male specimen. See Appendix for details.

Figure 21. 

Map of West Indies showing known localities for species of Selenophorus latior species group.

Figure 22. 

Habitus digital image of Selenophorus seriatoporus species group, dorsal aspect, S. spinosus sp. n.. Scale bar 5 mm.

Figure 23. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Selenophorus seriatoporus species group, S. spinosus sp. n. A right lateral aspect B dorsal aspect C left lateral aspect. Scale bar 1 mm.

Figure 24. 

Map of West Indies showing known localities for species of Selenophorus seriatoporus species group.

See Selenophorus (sensu lato), above.

Members of this subgenus have the hind tarsus distinctly shorter than the hind tibia. Additionally, males of all species in this subgenus do not have a lamina present near the base of the endophallus of the phallic median lobe. Identification of members is best done by using keys based on external structural features.

Twenty-two species of subgenus Selenophorus, arranged in seven species groups, inhabit the West Indies.

Dorsal surface of tarsi with short setae; ventral surface of basitarsus of hind tarsus with inner row of spines touching each other, outer rows of spines more widely spaced. Species formerly placed in the genus Gynandropus, here treated as a species group of subgenus Selenophorus.

SBL. Males, 3.76–7.07 mm; females, 3.76–6.94 mm.

Color. Antennae variously colored: unicolorous testaceous; or with basal one to three antennomeres testaceous, remaining antennomeres darker. Mouthparts testaceous. Legs testaceous to rufo-testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces rufo-brunneous to brunneo-piceous; elytra unicolorous or bicolored, with dark discal cloud.

Luster. Shiny, with or without faint iridescence.

Dorsal microsculpture. Microlines not visible at 100× on head and pronotum. Elytra with mesh pattern transverse, sculpticells about 3–4× wide as long.

Male genitalia. Apical portion of phallic median lobe moderately long and wide. Preapical orifice anopic, moderately long; endophallus variously armored with spines and/or darkened microtrichial fields, or without spines or darkened microtrichial fields, without lamina.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Only S. dessalinesi and S. parvus were examined. Bursa copulatrix moderately short; spermatheca moderately long to long, with apical portion coiled, originating near base of common oviduct; moderately long to markedly long spermathecal gland duct originating well above base of spermatheca. Spermathecal gland small, bulbous, without swelling of duct basad gland.

The West Indian members of the hylacis species group includes five species: S. clypealis Ball and Shpeley, S. dubius Putzeys, S. dessalinesi Ball and Shpeley, S. parvus Darlington and S. subquadratus (Putzeys).

The range of this species group extends in the Greater Antilles from Cuba to the Virgin Islands and through the Lesser Antilles to Grenada.

Complete label data for type material (holotype (MCZC) and allotype (WIBF)) are provided in the original description.

Source of the Matelas (River), near Ennery, Artibonite Department, Haiti, Hispaniola.

This species is readily separated from the other four members of the hylacis species group on a combination of: clypeus with anterior margin markedly concave, small size and pronotum with hind angles rounded.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 25A. Labrum with anterior margin deeply notched; clypeus with anterior margin markedly concave. Antennae, mouthparts and legs testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces rufo-brunneous to brunneo-piceous; lateral bead of pronotum paler. Head and pronotum shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Elytra shiny, with mesh pattern transverse, transverse microlines just visible at 100×; iridescent, brighter than observed in S. parvus. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions impunctate; posteriolateral angles rounded. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Males with adhesive vestiture on tarsomeres 1–4 of fore- and mid-tarsi; females without adhesive vestiture on tarsomeres 1–4 of fore- and mid-tarsi. Tarsomere 1 of fore- and mid-tarsus in females not expanded. Both males and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 27A–C. Apical portion of phallic median lobe moderately long, trapezoidal, symmetrically broadly rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, with narrow dorsal flange; endophallus medially with three patches of short, thin spines, one darkened microtrichial field near basal bulb in left lateral aspect; without lamina; ostium anopic. Ventral surface of shaft smooth.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Very similar to S. dessalinesi, Fig. 29A. For details, see this topic for S. dessalinesi, below.

Fig. 30. This species is known only from the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola and the island of Little St. James in the Virgin Islands.

Within the West Indian hylacis species group, the range of S. clypealis is overlapped by the ranges of S. subquadratus and S. dessalinesi. Relationships of S. clypealis are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 6 specimens (1 male, 5 females). See Appendix for details.

Figure 25. 

Habitus digital images of Selenophorus hylacis species group, in part, dorsal aspect. A S. clypealis Ball & Shpeley B S. dessalinesi Ball & Shpeley C S. dubius Putzeys Dparvus Darlington. Scale bars 5 mm.

Figure 26. 

Habitus digital image of Selenophorus hylacis species group, in part, dorsal aspect, S. subquadratus (Putzeys). Scale bar 5 mm.

Figure 27. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Selenophorus hylacis species group, in part. A, D right lateral aspect B, E dorsal aspect C, F left lateral aspect A–C S. clypealis Ball & Shpeley D–F S. dessalinesi Ball & Shpeley. Scale bars 1 mm.

Figure 28. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Selenophorus hylacis species group, in part. A, D right lateral aspect B, E dorsal aspect C, F left lateral aspect A–C S. parvus Darlington D–F S. subquadratus (Putzeys). Scale bars 1 mm.

Figure 29. 

Line drawings of female reproductive tract of Selenophorus hylacis species group, in part, ventral aspect. A S. dessalinesi Ball & Shpeley B S. parvus Darlington. Legend: bc bursa copulatrix co common oviduct gc1 gonocoxite 1 gc2 gonocoxite 2 sp spermatheca sp1 spermatheca 1 sp2 spermatheca 2 spg spermathecal gland spgd spermathecal gland duct; v valvifer. Scale bars 1 mm.

Figure 30. 

Map of West Indies showing known localities for species of Selenophorus hylacis species group.

Complete label data for type material (holotype (MCZC), allotype and 5 paratypes) are provided in the original description.

Just north of Dessalines, Artibonite Department, Haiti, Hispaniola.

This species is readily separated from the other three West Indian members of the hylacis species group on a combination of: larger size and subcordate pronotum with nearly rectangular posteriolateral angles.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 25B. Clypeus with anterior margin moderately concave. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave. Antennae and mouthparts testaceous; legs testaceous to rufo-testaceous. Dorsal surface dark brunneous to brunneo-piceous, lateral bead of pronotum paler. Ventral surface rufo-brunneous to dark brunneous. Elytra with very faint iridescence. Head and pronotum shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Elytra with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 3–4× wide as long. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions punctate; posteriolateral angles rectangular. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Both males and females with adhesive vestiture on tarsomeres 1–4 of fore- and mid-tarsi. Tarsomere 1 of fore-tarsus of females expanded, about 2× the width of tarsomere 2, adhesive vestiture dense, not biseriate. Tarsomere 1 of mid-tarsus of females less expanded, about 1.5× the width of tarsomere 2, adhesive vestiture dense, not biseriate. Both males and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 27D–F. Apical portion of phallic median lobe moderately long, narrowly tapered, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, with dorsal flange; endophallus, apicad of medial, with two rows of short, stout spines, three spines on the left and four spines on the right, without darkened microtrichial fields; without lamina; ostium anopic. Ventral surface of shaft with two rows of basad directed fine saw-toothed ridges.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 29A. Gonocoxite 2 (gc2) moderately thick, falcate. Bursa copulatrix (bc) moderately short; spermatheca (sp) long, with apical portion coiled, spring-like, originating near base of common oviduct (co); markedly long spermathecal gland duct (spgd) originating well above base of spermatheca. Spermathecal gland (spg) small, bulbous, without swelling of duct basad gland.

Fig. 30. This species is known only from the type locality in Haiti and Monte Cristi in the northwest corner of the Dominican Republic.

Within the hylacis species group, the range of S. dessalinesi is overlapped only by the range of S. clypealis. Relationships of S. dessalinesi are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 9 specimens (8 males, 1 female). See Appendix for details.

Putzeys (1878a) in his original description stated that the specimen was from “Espagne meridionale” (southernmost Spain). In his next sentence, Putzeys stated that he believed that this specimen was “Antillean” (West Indies). Csiki (1932) listed this species from “? Antillean”, Darlington (1934) followed with “doubtfully Antillean” and both Blackwelder (1944) and Erwin and Sims (1984) simply listed it as “West Indies”. Until another specimen is found, neither a type locality nor a type area can be designated.

We have seen two undetermined Selenophorus (hylacis species group) specimens, both different species, collected in Brazil, one from São Paulo and the other from the Federal District, that are quite similar in habitus and coloration to the holotype of S. dubius. Even though the holotype of S. dubius is missing the hind tarsi, we believe that this species is a member of the hylacis species group.

SBL 5.78 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 25C. Clypeus and labrum each with anterior margin slightly concave. Antennae, mouthparts and legs testaceous to slightly darker. Head and pronotum rufo-testaceous; ventral surface rufo-testaceous, markedly infuscated medially. Elytra bicolored, rufo-testaceous, with darker median cloud in intervals 2–5, and in basal half of interval 1. Head and disc of pronotum shiny, no microlines visible at 100×; elytral with mesh pattern moderately transverse, sculpticells about 3–4× wide as long. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Female with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Not known.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Not studied.

The locality of this species is unknown, and this species may not even be in the West Indies (see note about type locality above).

We are unable to comment on these topics due to the unknown locality of this species.

Holotype only.

Coamo Springs, Coamo Municipality, Puerto Rico.

This species is readily separated from the other members of the hylacis species group by a combination of: small size and pronotum with obtuse hind angles.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 25D. Clypeus with anterior margin moderately concave. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave. Antennae with antennomeres 1–3 testaceous, antennomeres 4–11 darker; mouthparts and legs testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces rufo-brunneous to brunneo-piceous; lateral bead of pronotum paler. Head shiny, microlines not visible at 100× in males, just visible at 100× as isodiametric mesh pattern in females; pronotum shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Elytra shiny, with mesh pattern transverse, sculpticells about 3–4× wide as long; slightly iridescent, less than observed in S. clypealis. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions impunctate; posteriolateral angles obtuse. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Males with adhesive vestiture on tarsomeres 1–4 of fore- and mid-tarsi; females without adhesive vestiture on tarsomeres 1–4 of fore- and mid-tarsi. Tarsomere 1 of fore- and mid-tarsus in females not expanded. Both males and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 28A–C. Apical portion of phallic median lobe moderately long, symmetrically broadly rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect; endophallus with one field of short, thin spines medially, a few scattered shorter spines near apex; without lamina; ostium anopic. Ventral surface of shaft smooth.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 29B. Gonocoxite 2 falcate, with wide base. Bursa copulatrix moderately short; spermatheca (sp) moderately long, with apical portion coiled, originating near base of common oviduct; moderately long spermathecal gland duct originating well above base of spermatheca. Spermathecal gland (spg) small, bulbous, without swelling of duct basad gland.

Fig. 30. The range of this species includes the Greater Antillean island of Puerto Rico, and the Lesser Antillean islands of Barbuda, Martinique, St. Lucia, Barbados, Bequia, Mustique, Canouan and Grenada.

Within the species of the hylacis species group, the range of S. parvus is overlapped by the range of S. subquadratus. However, with the exception of Puerto Rico, the two species have not been recorded from the same island within their respective ranges. Relationships of S. parvus are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 5,451 specimens (2,412 males, 3,040 females). See Appendix for details.

Noted above is the name “Gynandropus obscuricornis (Chd)”. It is a junior secondary homonym of Selenophorus obscuricornis Waterhouse, and was re-named Selenophorus neobscuricornis by Noonan (1985a: 40).

“Tablasco” in the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola.

This species is readily separated from the other three West Indian members of the hylacis species group on a combination of: intermediate size, pronotum with obtuse posteriolateral angles and pronotum with posteriolateral impressions punctate.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 26. Clypeus and labrum with anterior margin of each shallowly concave. Antennae with antennomeres 1 or 1and 2 testaceous, antennomeres 2–11 or 3–11 darker. Mouthparts and legs testaceous. Dorsal surface dark brunneous to brunneo-piceous, lateral bead of pronotum paler. Ventral surface rufo-brunneous to dark brunneous. Elytra with very faint iridescence. Head and pronotum shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Elytra with mesh pattern slightly transverse, sculpticells about 3–4× wide as long. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions punctate; posteriolateral angles obtuse. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Both males and females with adhesive vestiture on tarsomeres 1–4 of fore- and mid-tarsi. Tarsomere 1 of fore-tarsus of females expanded, about 1.5× the width of tarsomere 2, adhesive vestiture dense, not biseriate. Tarsomere 1 of mid-tarsus of females less expanded, about same width as tarsomere 2, adhesive vestiture dense, not biseriate. Both males and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 28D–F. Apical portion of phallic median lobe short, broad, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect; endophallus without spines or darkened microtrichial fields; without lamina; ostium anopic. Ventral surface of shaft with two rows of basally directed saw-toothed ridges.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Very similar to S. dessalinesi, Fig. 29A. For details, see this topic for S. dessalinesi, above.

Fig. 30. The known range of this species extends eastward from Greater Antillean Cuba to Puerto Rico, and then in the Lesser Antilles southward from St. Barthélemy and Saba to Martinique.

The range of this species overlaps the ranges of the other three West Indian members of the hylacis species group. Relationships of S. subquadratus are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 65 specimens (41 males, 24 females). See Appendix for details.

Small species, shiny, with faint to moderate metallic luster, posteriolateral angles of pronotum moderately coarsely punctate or impunctate.

SBL. Males, 3.60–4.60 mm; females, 3.82–5.32 mm.

Color. Antennae testaceous to rufo-testaceous or with one, two or three basal antennomeres testaceous, remaining antennomeres darker. Mouthparts and legs testaceous. Head and pronotum rufo-brunneous to dark brunneous; elytra brunneous to brunneo-piceous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc.

Luster. Pronotum with bluish metallic luster or without metallic luster. Elytra with greenish iridescence or with very faint to moderate cupreous metallic luster.

Dorsal microsculpture. Head and pronotum shiny, microlines not visible at 100× or microlines visible at 100×, isodiametric on head, slightly transverse on pronotum, sculpticells about 1.5–2× wide as long. Elytra shiny, microlines not visible at 100×, or with mesh pattern transverse, sculpticells about 2–4× wide as long.

Male genitalia. Apical portion of phallic median lobe moderately long, broadly triangular, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, tip curved up dorsally; endophallus without spines or dark microtrichial fields; without lamina. Ventral surface of shaft smooth.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Gonocoxite 2 moderately thick, somewhat falcate. Bursa copulatrix short; spermatheca sausage-like, originating near base of common oviduct; moderately long to long spermathecal gland duct originating near or below mid-length of spermatheca. Spermathecal gland small, bulbous, with swelling of duct, larger than gland, basad gland.

The mundus species group includes three species: S. mundus Putzeys, S. paramundus Ball and Shpeley and S. pseudomundus Ball and Shpeley.

This species group is known only from the Greater Antillean islands of Hispaniola and Jamaica.

“Antilles” (Putzeys 1878a: 29), here restricted to the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola.

This species is readily separated from the other species in the mundus species group by a combination of: elytra with slightly transverse microsculpture, sculpticells about 2–4× wide as long, pronotum with posteriolateral angles obtuse and posteriolateral impressions finely punctate.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 31A. Clypeus and labrum with anterior margin of each shallowly concave. Antennae with antennomeres 1, 1–2 or 1–3 testaceous, antennomeres 2–11, 3–11 or 4–11 darker. Mouthparts and legs testaceous. Head and pronotum rufo-brunneous to dark brunneous; elytra brunneous to brunneo-piceous, with very faint cupreous metallic luster. Ventral surface rufo-brunneous to dark brunneous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc. Head and pronotum shiny, microlines visible at 100×, isodiametric on head, slightly transverse on pronotum, sculpticells about 1.5–2× wide as long; elytra with mesh pattern transverse, sculpticells about 2–4× wide as long. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions moderately coarsely punctate; posteriolateral angles rounded. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 32A–C. Apical portion of phallic median lobe moderately long, broadly triangular, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, tip curved up dorsally; endophallus without spines or dark microtrichial fields; without lamina. Ventral surface of shaft smooth.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 33A. Gonocoxite 2 (gc2) moderately thick, somewhat falcate. Bursa copulatrix (bc) short; spermatheca (sp) sausage-like, originating near base of common oviduct (co); moderately long spermathecal gland duct (spgd) originating below mid-length of spermatheca. Spermathecal gland (spg) small, bulbous, with swelling of duct, about twice the size of the gland, basad gland.

Fig. 34. This species is restricted to the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola.

The range of this species is overlapped by the range of S. pseudomundus. Relationships of S. mundus are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 57 specimens (28 males, 29 females). See Appendix for details.

Figure 31. 

Habitus digital images of Selenophorus mundus species group, dorsal aspect. A S. mundus Putzeys B S. paramundus Ball & Shpeley C S. pseudomundus Ball & Shpeley. Scale bars: A, B 5 mm C 3 mm.

Figure 32. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Selenophorus mundus species group, in part. A, D and G right lateral aspect B, E, H dorsal aspect C, F, I left lateral aspect A–C S. mundus Putzeys D–F S. pseudomundus Ball & Shpeley. Scale bars 0.5 mm.

Figure 33. 

Line drawings of female reproductive tract of Selenophorus mundus species group, in part, ventral aspect. A S. mundus Putzeys B S. pseudomundus Ball & Shpeley. Legend: bc bursa copulatrix co common oviduct gc1 gonocoxite 1 gc2 gonocoxite 2 sp spermatheca spg spermathecal gland spgd spermathecal gland duct; v valvifer. Scale bars 1 mm.

Complete label data for type material (holotype (BMNH)) are provided in the original description.

Jamaica.

This species is readily separated from other members of the mundus species group by a combination of: dorsal surface without visible microlines and pronotum with posteriolateral impressions impunctate.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 31B. Labrum with anterior margin shallowly concave; clypeus with anterior margin moderately concave. Antennae and mouthparts testaceous to rufo-testaceous; legs rufo-brunneous. Dorsal surface dark brunneous; ventral surface rufo-brunneous, elytral epipleuron paler than disc. Pronotum with bluish metallic luster; elytra with greenish iridescence. Head, pronotum and elytra shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions impunctate; posteriolateral angles rounded. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Female with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Male unknown.

Ovipositor and Female Reproductive Tract: Very similar to that of S. pseudomundus below, except the spermathecal gland duct is shorter, such that the distal tip of the spermathecal gland is just past the distal tip of the spermatheca.

Fig. 34. This species is known only from Jamaica.

The range of this species is allopatric relative to the other species in the mundus species group. The form of the female reproductive tract suggests that this species belongs in the mundus species group. If a male of the species is collected, the form of the male genitalia will either confirm or refute this placement. Relationships of S. paramundus are not postulated beyond species group membership.

Only the female holotype.

Complete label data for type material (holotype (CMNH), allotype, and 8 paratypes) are provided in the original description.

Las Mercedes, Pedernales Province, Dominican Republic.

This species is readily separated from the other species in the mundus species group by a combination of: elytra with slightly transverse microsculpture, sculpticells about 2–4× wide as long and head and pronotum shiny, without visible microlines.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 31C. Clypeus and labrum with anterior margin of each shallowly concave. Antennae and mouthparts testaceous to rufo-testaceous; legs testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces brunneous to dark brunneous; elytral epipleuron paler than disc. Elytra with cupreous metallic luster. Head and pronotum shiny, microlines not visible at 100×; elytra with mesh pattern transverse, sculpticells about 2–4× wide as long. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions moderately coarsely punctate; posteriolateral angles rounded. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 32D–F. Apical portion of phallic median lobe moderately long, broadly triangular, symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect, tip curved up dorsally; endophallus without spines or dark microtrichial fields; without lamina. Ventral surface of shaft smooth.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 33B. Gonocoxite 2 moderately thick, somewhat falcate. Bursa copulatrix short; spermatheca (sp) sausage-like, originating near base of common oviduct; long spermathecal gland duct originating about mid-length of spermatheca. Spermathecal gland (spg) small, bulbous, with swelling of duct, larger than gland, basad gland.

Fig. 34. This species is known only from the Greater Antillean Island of Hispaniola, specifically the southwestern regions of the Dominican Republic.

The range of this species is overlapped by the range of S. mundus. Relationships of S. pseudomundus are not postulated beyond species group membership.

In addition to type material, we have seen a total of 40 specimens (19 males, 21 females). See Appendix for details.

Small species without parascutellar stria, elytral punctures very small (i.e., easily overlooked) and female internal genitalia with spermathecal basal sclerite.

SBL. Males, 4.00–4.92 mm; females, 4.24–5.32 mm.

Color. Antennae and mouthparts testaceous to slightly darker rufo-testaceous. Legs testaceous to slightly darker rufo-testaceous, tarsi darker than tibia or not. Dorsal surfaces rufo-brunneous to piceous, lateral bead of pronotum paler or not. Ventral surface rufo-brunneous to brunneo-piceous, elytral epipleuron paler.

Luster. Shiny, with faint to moderate iridescence.

Dorsal microsculpture. Microlines not visible at 100× on head, prontum and elytra.

Males of S. irec are not known. Apical portion of phallic median lobe symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect; preapical orifice anopic, moderately long; endophallus with two dark, dense microtrichial fields nearly the length of the phallic median lobe, left dorsal markedly long, medial ventral slightly shorter; without lamina.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Gonocoxite 2 somewhat falcate, moderately wide base. Bursa copulatrix short to markedly long; moderately to markedly long spermatheca, originating near base of common oviduct; melanized spermathecal basal sclerite present, rather short to nearly half as long as spermatheca; moderately to markedly long spermathecal gland duct originating near mid-length of spermatheca apicad to spermathecal basal sclerite. Spermathecal gland bulbous to sausage-like.

In the West Indies, the nonseriatus species group includes three species: S. irec sp. n., S. iviei sp. n., and S. nonseriatus Darlington.

In the West Indies, the range of this species group extends from the Greater Antillean islands of Cuba, Jamaica and Hispaniola to the Lesser Antillean islands of Montserrat to Grenada.

Based on the coden “IREC” for the Institut de Recherches Entomologique de la Caribe, from which the type specimens were borrowed for this project.

HOLOTYPE female, labelled: “Guadeloupe/ Vernou/ 10.8.71 Chalumeau” [IREC]. PARATYPE female, labelled: “Guadeloupe/ Vernou/ 14.9.73 Chalumeau” [IREC].

Vernou, Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles.

This species is readily separated from the other two species in the nonseriatus species group by a combination of: broad pronotum with rectangular posteriolateral angles and elytral intervals distinctly convex.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 35A. Antennae, mouthparts and legs testaceous. Dorsal and ventral surfaces rufo-brunneous; elytral epipleuron paler. Elytra and ventral surface with faint bluish iridescence. Head, pronotum and elytra shiny, microlines not visible at 100×. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions with only a few fine punctures next to shallow longitudinal fovea; posteriolateral angles rectangular. Elytral intervals distinctly convex. Elytral striae impunctate, except the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Female with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Not known.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 37A. Gonocoxite 2 (gc2) somewhat falcate, moderately wide base. Bursa copulatrix (bc) short; moderately long spermatheca (bc) originating near base of common oviduct (co); melanized spermathecal basal sclerite (sbs) present, rather short; markedly long spermathecal gland duct (spgd) originating below mid-length of spermatheca apicad to spermathecal basal sclerite. Spermathecal gland (spg) sausage-like.

Fig. 38. This species is known only from the island of Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles.

The range of this species overlaps the ranges of the other two species in the nonseriatus species group, though neither of the two has been collected on the island of Guadeloupe. Relationships of S. irec are not postulated beyond species group membership.

Type material only; for details, see above.

Figure 34. 

Map of West Indies showing known localities for species of Selenophorus mundus species group.

Figure 35. 

Habitus digital images of Selenophorus nonseriatus species group, dorsal aspect. A S. irec sp. n. B S. iviei sp. n. C S. nonseriatus Darlington. Scale bars 5 mm.

Figure 36. 

Digital images of male genitalia of Selenophorus nonseriatus species group, in part. A, D right lateral aspect B, E dorsal aspect C, F left lateral aspect A–C S. iviei sp. n. D–F S. nonseriatus Darlington. Scale bars 1 mm.

Figure 37. 

Line drawings of female reproductive tract of Selenophorus nonseriatus species group, ventral aspect. A S. irec sp. n. Dejean B S. ivei sp. n. C S. nonseriatus Darlington. Legend: bc bursa copulatrix co common oviduct gc1 gonocoxite 1 gc2 gonocoxite 2 sbs spermathecal basal sclerite sp spermatheca; spg spermathecal gland spgd spermathecal gland duct; v valvifer. Scale bars 1 mm.

Figure 38. 

Map of West Indies showing known localities for species of Selenophorus nonseriatus species group.

A Latinized eponym, genitive case, based on the surname of Michael A. Ivie, Department of Entomology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana who collected not only the type series of this species, but many other carabid species during his extensive field work in the West Indies.

42 specimens. HOLOTYPE male, “Montserrat:Big River/ 16°45.719'N, 62°11.335'W/ 05 JULY 2005, 1230ft/ I. A. Foley colr” (WIBF, to de deposited in USNM). PARATYPES, 41: 1 female: “Montserrat: Big River/ 16°45.719'N, 62°11.335'W/ 05 JULY 2005, 1230ft/ I. A. Foley colr (WIBF, to de deposited in USNM). 1 male: “Montserrat: Centre Hills/ Jubilee Heights, 1600'/ 20JUNE2002, mesic forest/ M.A. Ivie & K.A. Guerrero/ Berlese leaf litter” (WIBF, to de deposited in USNM). 1 male: “Montserrat: Centre Hills/ Cassava Ghaut, 800'/ 16°45.944'N, 62°12.727'W/ 22 JUNE 2000,/ M.A. Ivie & K.A. Guerrero” (WIBF, to de deposited in USNM). 1 male: “Montserrat: trail to/ Katy Hill just below/ heli pad, 2300 ft/ 11-14 AUG 2005/ WIBF group/ uv light trap” (WIBF). 1 male: “Montserrat:/ Cassava Ghaut/ 29MAR-11JUN2002/ K.A.Marske colr./ baited pitfall” (WIBF). 3 males, 1 female: “Montserrat:/ Cassava Ghaut/ 29 MAY 2002/ K. A. Marske colr./ berlese leaf litter” (WIBF). 1 female: “Montserrat:/ Cassava Ghaut/ 28 MAY 2002/ K. A. Marske colr./ berlese leaf litter” (WIBF). 1 male: “Montserrat:/ Cassava Ghaut/ 18 JUNE 2002/ K. A. Marske colr./ berlese leaf litter” (WIBF). 1 male: “Montserrat: Hope Ghaut/16°45.347'N, 62°12.560'W/ 26 JUNE 2002, 315m/ M. Ivie & K. Marske/ at night” (WIBF). 1 female: “Montserrat:/ Gun Hill/ 16JUNE-07JULY2002/ K. A. Marske/ F.I.T. & pitfall” (WIBF, to de deposited in USNM). 2 females: “Montserrat:/ Jubilee Heights/ 04 JAN 2002/ K. A. Marske colr./ Heliconia leaf litter” (WIBF). 1 female: “Montserrat:/ Jubilee Heights/ 16°45.393'N, 62°12.58'W/ 1441ft, 10JULY2003/ K. A. Marske, leaf litter” (10 of date handwritten over 08) (WIBF). 1 female: “Montserrat:/ Jubilee Heights/ 04 JUNE 2002/ K. A. Marske” (WIBF). 4 males, 3 females: “MARTINIQUE: Morne/ Constant, Diamant,/ 14.50836 -61.02125,/ intercept trap,/ 10.X.2015, E. Poirier/ & J. Tourlout (SEAG)” (JMLC). 1 male, 1 female, same as previous: (UASM). 1 male: “ST.LUCIA:Barre de L’Isle/ 13.9368°N, 60.9593°W 340m/ 03-08JULY2009,uvlight/ M.L. Gimmel” (WIBF). 1 female: “ST:LUCIA:Barre de/ l’Isle trap site/ 13.9368°N, 60.9594°W 25-28JUNE2009, 340m/E.A.Ivie,uv light” (WIBF). 4 females: “ ST.LUCIA:Barre de L’Isle/ 13.93682°N, 60.95936°W/ 340m,08 JULY 2009/ M.L. Gimmel colr/ at uv light” (WIBF). 2 males: “ST.LUCIA:Barre de L’Isle/ 13.93682°N, 60.95936°W/ 29JUNE-03JULY2009,340m/uv light trap/ C.A. Maier,M.L. Gimmel” (WIBF). 1 male: “ST. LUCIA:Quielles For.Res/ LaPorte cabin, 272m/ 13.84041°N, 60.97408°W/ 05-07 MAY 2009,uv light/ I.A.Foley and R.C.Winton” (WIBF). 1 female: “ST. LUCIA:Quielles For.Res/ LaPorte cabin, 272m/ 13.84041°N, 60.97408°W/ 10 MAY 2009,uvlight/ R.C.Winton and I.A.Foley” (WIBF). 1 male: “ST. LUCIA:Ravine Chabot/ 14.0010°N, 60.9734°W,62m/ 06JULY2009,litter berlese/ K.J. Hopp & M.L.Gimmel” (WIBF). 1 female: “WEST INDIES: St. Vincent/ Hermitage Forest, E of Spring/ Village, N13°14.86' W61°12.77'/ 15-27.VIII.06, clearing malaise trap,/ 348 m, S. & J. Peck, 06-101A” (CMNC). 1 male: “WEST INDIES: St. Vincent/ Hermitage Forest, E of Spring/ Village, N13°14.86' W61°12.77'/ 16-27.VIII.06, forest edge malaise,/ 340 m, S. & J. Peck, 06-104A” (CMNC). 1 male: “WEST INDIES: GRENADA/ Par. St. Andrews/ Mirabeau, Malaise trap/ 6.V.1990/ A. Thomas” (CMNC). 1 male: “ WEST INDIES: GRENADA/ Par. St. Andrews/ Mirabeau, malaise trap/ 2-6.III.1990/ R.E. Woodruff” (CMNC).

Montserrat, Big River, 16°45.719'N, 62°11.335'W.

This species is most like S. nonseriatus, from which it can be readily separated by a combination of: elytral striae same width from base to apex and pronotum bicolored, with paler lateral margin.

Data for SBL in Table 1. Habitus as in Fig. 35B. Antennae and mouthparts rufo-testaceous to slightly darker. Legs with femora and tibiae testaceous to slightly darker, tarsus darker than femora and tibiae. Dorsal surface rufo-piceous to piceous, lateral bead of pronotum paler. Ventral surface rufo-brunneous to rufo-piceous, elytral epipleuron paler. Elytra moderately iridescent, ventral surface with less iridescence. Head, pronotum and elytra shiny, without microlines visible at 100×. Pronotum with posteriolateral impressions impunctate; without basal bead; posteriolateral angles obtuse, nearly rectangular. Elytral intervals distinctly convex, not flat. Elytral striae with interruptions, appearing punctate, in addition to the standard setigerous punctures in striae 2, 5 and 7. Males with two terminal setae and females with four terminal setae near the posterior margin on sternum VII.

Male genitalia. Fig. 36A–C. Very similar to those of S. nonseriatus, apical portion of phallic median lobe symmetrically rounded in dorsal/ventral aspect; endophallus with two dark, dense microtrichial fields nearly the length of the phallic median lobe, left dorsal markedly long, medial ventral slightly shorter; without lamina.

Ovipositor and female reproductive tract. Fig. 37B. Gonocoxite 2 somewhat falcate, moderately wide base. Bursa copulatrix markedly long, wide; markedly long spermatheca (sp) originating near base of common oviduct; melanized spermathecal basal sclerite (sbs) present, nearly half as long as spermatheca; moderately long spermathecal gland duct originating near mid-length of spermatheca apicad spermathecal basal sclerite. Spermathecal gland (spg) bulbous, with slight swelling of duct basad gland.

Fig. 38. This species is known only from the Lesser Antillean islands of Montserrat, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and Grenada.

The range of this species overlaps the ranges of the other two species in the nonseriatus species group. Relationships of S. iviei are not postulated beyond species group membership.

Type material only; for details see above.