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Research Article
New records and revised distribution of tiger beetles in China (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae)
expand article infoKe-Yi Wang‡, Fabian A. Boetzl§, Jürgen Wiesner|, Cheng-De Li‡
‡ Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
§ Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| Unaffiliated, Meine, Germany

Corresponding author: Cheng-De Li ( lichengde0608@sina.com )

Academic editor: Rikjan Vermeulen
© 2024 Ke-Yi Wang, Fabian A. Boetzl, Jürgen Wiesner, Cheng-De Li.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Wang K-Y, Boetzl FA, Wiesner J, Li C-D (2024) New records and revised distribution of tiger beetles in China (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). ZooKeys 1210: 29-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1210.127753
ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A708ECA5-B91F-4816-A3BD-8F5D52832D54
Open Access

Abstract

Based on the examination of specimens housed in several scientific collections, we expand the known tiger beetle fauna of China, and eight species are recorded from China for the first time. The occurrence of Cicindela (Cicindela) sachalinensis raddei Morawitz, 1863 in Shanxi Province, and Neocollyris (Neocollyris) saphyrina (Chaudoir, 1850) in China are re-established. We provide distribution maps and habitus photographs of examined specimens for the newly recorded and revised species. We also discuss potential research hotspots for future taxonomic studies of tiger beetles in China.

Key words

China, distribution, new records, taxonomy, tiger beetles

Introduction

Tiger beetles (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) are a globally distributed family that occupies almost all terrestrial ecosystems (Pearson and Vogler 2001). More than 2,850 species are currently known to science (Wiesner 2020), of which the richest diversity is found in the Oriental realm (Cassola and Pearson 2000; Pearson and Wiesner 2023). China spans both the Palearctic and Oriental realms, with significant climatic differences both between north and south as well as between west and east. In addition, altitudinal zones should be also considered. It features numerous examples of biogeographic isolation that can facilitate speciation. These biogeographic barriers include the Qinling Mountains–Huaihe River, Hengduan Mountains, Tianshan Mountains, Greater Khingan Mountains, Nanling Mountains, and so on. As a result, China has a unique and rich tiger beetle fauna, representing a mixture of Palearctic and Oriental species together with a high degree of endemism (Li et al. 2012).

There has been limited research on the overall distribution of tiger beetles in China (Shook and Wiesner 2006; Wu and Shook 2007; Wu 2011; Aston 2016, 2018). The distribution data that have been available was primarily sourced from publications, private specimen collections, and local museums. Consequently, the known distributional ranges of some species in China are patchy and the actual ranges of these species may extend far beyond the existing records.

This article summarizes data from tiger beetle specimens in several universities and research institutes across China, along with those collected by the corresponding author’s research team. Through these specimens, we update and expand the known distribution of some species of tiger beetle throughout China. Some provinces included here have lacked new records of tiger beetles for many years. The results expand our understanding of the tiger beetle fauna of China.

Materials and methods

In addition to these specimen data, other records were extracted from Wiesner (2020) and Lorenz (2021).

Photographs of the habitus of specimens were taken with a Canon EOS M6 Mark II. A Godox TT350c Flash was used as a light source. Helicon Focus v. 7 was used for image stacking and all images were further processed in Adobe Photoshop CS6.

The specimens reported below are deposited in the following collections:

EMCAU Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

IZCAS Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

KIZCAS Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China

NEFU Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China

Distribution maps were generated using ArcGIS v. 10.2. Map data were sourced online from http://xzqh.mca.gov.cn/map (Fig. 1). The English translations of Chinese provinces and regions were partially extracted from https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/ndsj/2023/indexeh.htm (Table 1). Distribution maps of species were processed using Adobe Photoshop CS6.

Table 1.
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Provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China.

1. Heilongjiang 2. Jilin
3. Inner Mongolia 4. Xinjiang
5. Liaoning 6. Beijing
7. Hebei 8. Tianjin
9. Gansu 10. Shanxi
11. Ningxia 12. Shandong
13. Qinghai 14. Shaanxi
15. Henan 16. Xizang
17. Jiangsu 18. Anhui
19. Shanghai 20. Hubei
21. Sichuan 22. Chongqing
23. Zhejiang 24. Jiangxi
25. Hunan 26. Guizhou
27. Fujian 28. Yunnan
29. Taiwan 30. Guangxi
31. Guangdong 32. Hong Kong
33. Macao 34. Hainan
Figure 1. 

Map of the 34 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China (see Table 1).

Taxonomy

Family Cicindelidae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Cicindelini Latreille, 1802

Subtribe Cicindelina Latreille, 1802

Genus Abroscelis Hope, 1838

Abroscelis anchoralis anchoralis (Chevrolat, 1845)

Figs 2A, 3A

Cicindela anchoralis: Chevrolat 1845: 7.

Abroscelis anchoralis anchoralis: Lin and Ho 2007: 180; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7; Wu 2011: 23.

Published data

Liaoning (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7; Wu 2011: 23), Beijing (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7; Wu 2011: 23), Hebei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7), Shandong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7; Wu 2011: 23), Zhejiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7; Wu 2011: 23), Hainan (Lin and Ho 2007: 180), Hong Kong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7; Wu 2011: 23), Macao (Chevrolat 1845: 7; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 7; Wu 2011: 23), Taiwan (Lin and Ho 2007: 180).

Figure 2. 

Habitus photographs A Abroscelis anchoralis anchoralis (Chevrolat, 1845) B Apterodela (Apterodela) bivirgulata bivirgulata (Fairmaire, 1889) C Callytron nivicinctum (Chevrolat, 1845) D Calomera chloris (Hope, 1831) E Calomera plumigera scoliographa (Rivalier, 1953) F Cicindela (Cicindela) campestris pontica Fischer, 1828. Scale bars: 5 mm.

New records

Guangdong, Zhanjiang, Min’an Town, 20°57'28"N, 110°15'6"E, 1 m, leg. H.B. Liang and X.L. Huang, 28.vi.2014, 1 male (IZCAS).

Figure 3. 

Distribution maps. Green indicates records with previously known distribution based on published data, blue indicates new records, red stars indicate the collection sites of the examined specimens A Abroscelis anchoralis anchoralis (Chevrolat, 1845) B Apterodela (Apterodela) bivirgulata bivirgulata (Fairmaire, 1889) C Callytron nivicinctum (Chevrolat, 1845) D Calomera chloris (Hope, 1831) E Calomera plumigera scoliographa (Rivalier, 1953) F Cicindela (Cicindela) campestris pontica Fischer, 1828.

Distribution

China (Guangdong, Liaoning, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, ?Jiangsu, Zhejiang, ?Fujian, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan).

Remarks

New provincial record for Guangdong.

Genus Apterodela Rivalier, 1950

Subgenus Apterodela Rivalier, 1950

Apterodela (Apterodela) bivirgulatabivirgulata (Fairmaire, 1889)

Figs 2B, 3B

Cicindela bivirgulata: Fairmaire 1889: 5.

Cylindera (Apterodela) lobipennis: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26.

Apterodela (Apterodela) bivirgulata: Matalin et al. 2024: 311.

Published data

Shandong (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Henan (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Hubei (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Anhui (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Jiangxi (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Jiangsu (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Shanghai (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Chongqing (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Zhejiang (Matalin et al. 2024: 311), Fujian (Matalin et al. 2024: 311).

Records

Jiangsu, leg. unknown, 18.iv.1923, 1 male (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Fujian).

Remarks

Additional specimens contribute to a better understanding of the distribution and a more robust identification of A. (A.) b. bivirgulata.

Genus Callytron Gistl, 1848

Callytron nivicinctum (Chevrolat, 1845)

Figs 2C, 3C

Cicindela nivicincta: Chevrolat 1845: 98.

Callytron nivicinctum: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68.

Published data

Liaoning (Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Jiangsu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Zhejiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Shanghai (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Guangdong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Hainan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Hong Kong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68), Macao (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 8; Wu 2011: 23; Wiesner et al. 2017: 68).

New records

Guangxi, Longzhou, Mount Daqing, leg. J.K. Yang, 15.v.1963, 1 female (EMCAU).

Distribution

China (Guangxi, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macao), South Korea, Japan, Cambodia, Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Guangxi.

Genus Calomera Motschulsky, 1862

Calomera chloris (Hope, 1831)

Figs 2D, 3D

Cicindela chloris: Hope 1831: 21.

New records

Xizang, Linzhi, Xiachayu, 28°29'59"N, 97°1'3"E, leg. J. Wu, 28.vii.2014, 1 female (IZCAS); Xizang, Bomi, Tongmai, 2250 m, leg. unknown, 31.viii.2005, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Xizang), Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, India, Laos.

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Xizang.

Calomera plumigera scoliographa (Rivalier, 1953)

Figs 2E, 3E

Calomera plumigera scoliographa: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 9; Shook and Wu 2006: 39; Wu 2011: 24.

Published data

Yunnan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 9; Shook and Wu 2006: 39; Wu 2011: 24), Hainan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 9; Wu 2011: 24).

New records

Guangxi, Jinxiu, Dazhang, leg. unknown, ?.v.1976, 1 male (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan), Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand.

Remarks

New provincial record for Guangxi.

Genus Cicindela Linnaeus, 1758

Subgenus Cicindela Linnaeus, 1758

Cicindela (Cicindela) campestrispontica Fischer, 1828

Figs 2F, 3F

Cicindela campestris pontica: Gebert et al. 2021: 473.

New records

Xinjiang, Altai, Forest Region of Ashan Forest Management Bureau, leg. unknown, v.1981, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Xinjiang), Ukraine, Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia.

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Xinjiang.

Cicindela (Cicindela) sachalinensisraddei Morawitz, 1863

Figs 4A, 5A

Cicindela raddei: Morawitz 1863: 237, 238.

Cicindela sachalinensis: Yu and Wang 2017:145; Di and Ren 2021: 146.

Cicindela sachalinensis raddei: Mandl 1981: 27.

Cicindela (Cicindela) sachalinensis raddei: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25.

Published data

Heilongjiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Gansu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Beijing (Huairou) (Yu and Wang 2017: 145), Hebei (Mount Xiaowutai) (Di and Ren 2021: 146), Qinghai (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Shanxi (Wutaishan) (Mandl 1981: 27), Hubei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Sichuan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25).

Figure 4. 

Habitus photographs A Cicindela (Cicindela) sachalinensis raddei Morawitz, 1863 B Cicindela (Cicindela) transbaicalica hamifasciata Kolbe, 1886 C Cosmodela separata (Fleutiaux, 1893) D Cylindera (Cylindera) obliquefasciata (Adams, 1817) E Cylindera (Eriodera) albopunctata (Chaudoir, 1852) F Cylindera (Eugrapha) contorta contorta (Fischer, 1828). Scale bars: 5 mm.

Records

Shanxi, Mount Wutai, Dongtai, 2400 m, leg. T.S. Li, 13.vi.1964, 1 female (IZCAS).

Figure 5. 

Distribution maps. Green indicates records with previously known distribution based on published data, blue indicates new records, red stars indicate the collection sites of the examined specimens A Cicindela (Cicindela) sachalinensis raddei Morawitz, 1863 B Cicindela (Cicindela) transbaicalica hamifasciata Kolbe, 1886 C Cosmodela separata (Fleutiaux, 1893) D Cylindera (Cylindera) obliquefasciata (Adams, 1817) E Cylindera (Eriodera) albopunctata (Chaudoir, 1852) F Cylindera (Eugrapha) contorta contorta (Fischer, 1828).

Distribution

China (Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Beijing, Hebei, Hubei, Sichuan), Russia, Mongolia.

Remarks

Mandl (1981) reported C. (C.) s. raddei from Chunshantu, Mount Wutai, Shanxi. This record was not accepted in previous checklists. We restore the provincial record of C. (C.) s. raddei for Shanxi.

Cicindela (Cicindela) transbaicalicahamifasciata Kolbe, 1886

Figs 4B, 5B

Cicindela japanensis hamifasciata: Kolbe 1886: 170.

Cicindela hybrida transbaicalica: Wang et al. 2012: 15.

Cicindela (Cicindela) transbaicalica hamifasciata: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25.

Published data

Heilongjiang (Wu 2011: 25), Jilin (Wu 2011: 25), Inner Mongolia (Wu 2011: 25), Liaoning (Wu 2011: 25; Wang et al. 2012: 15), Gansu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Xinjiang (Wu 2011: 25), Shaanxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Shanxi (Wu 2011: 25), Anhui (Wu 2011: 25), Henan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Hebei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Hubei (Wu 2011: 25), Jiangsu (Wu 2011: 25), Shandong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Sichuan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Qinghai (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 11; Wu 2011: 25), Guangdong (Wu 2011: 25), Zhejiang (Wu 2011: 25), ? Yunnan (Wu 2011: 25).

New records

Beijing, Shunyi, leg. unknown, 13.v.1964, 2 males, 3 females (EMCAU); Jilin, Songhua River, Wukeshu, 44°27'43"N, 126°49'33"E, 200 m, leg. Y. Liu, 1.vi.2009, 1 male (IZCAS); Inner Mongolia, Chifeng, day collecting, leg. Y. Wang and S.Y. Geng, 26–30.vii. 2009, 1 female (NEFU); Anhui, Yuexi, Yaoluoping, 30°59'01"N, 116°05'10"E, 1178 m, leg. unknown, 17.v.2021, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Beijing, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Gansu, Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Anhui, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan, Qinghai, ?Fujian, ?Guangdong, ?Zhejiang, ?Yunnan), North Korea, South Korea, Russia.

Remarks

New provincial record for Beijing. Wu (2011) expanded the known distribution of C. (C.) t. hamifasciata Kolbe, 1886 in China by reviewing the Chinese literature, but Wu did not provide specimen data. We provide specimen data for this species from Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Anhui for the first time. Since C. (C.) t. hamifasciata Kolbe, 1886 is a typical Eastern Palearctic species, we believe previous records from Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong, and Yunnan require further confirmation.

Genus Cosmodela Rivalier, 1961

Cosmodela separata (Fleutiaux, 1893)

Figs 4C, 5C

Cicindela separata: Fleutiaux 1893: 491.

Cosmodela separata: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53; Tu et al. 2020: 68.

Published data

Shanxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Jiangsu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Shanghai (Fleutiaux 1893: 491; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Zhejiang (Fleutiaux 1893: 491; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Henan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Anhui (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Hubei (Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Hunan (Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Jiangxi (Tu et al. 2020: 68), Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53), Yunnan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 13; Wu 2011: 26; Wiesner et al. 2017: 53).

New records

Guangxi, Jinxiu, Tongmu Town, leg. J.C. Huang, 4.vii.1981, 2 females (IZCAS); Guizhou, Shiqian, Mount Foding, 750 m, leg. X.K. Yang, 24.XI.1988, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Henan, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Yunnan), Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial records for Guangxi and Guizhou.

Genus Cylindera Westwood, 1831

Subgenus Cylindera Westwood, 1831

Cylindera (Cylindera) obliquefasciata (Adams, 1817)

Figs 4D, 5D

Cicindela obliquefasciata: Adams 1817: 280.

Cylindera (Cylindera) obliquefasciata obliquefasciata: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27.

Published data

Heilongjiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Jilin (Wu 2011: 27), Inner Mongolia (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Liaoning (Wu 2011: 27), Beijing (Wu 2011: 27), Hebei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Gansu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Qinghai (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Xinjiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Shanxi (Wu 2011: 27), Shandong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Henan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27).

Records

Beijing, Haidian, Fragrant Hills Park, leg. unknown, 16.vii.1962, 2 males, 3 females (EMCAU); Shanxi, Taiyuan, Qingxu, leg. unknown, 20.vi.1960, 1 male (EMCAU).

Distribution

China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Beijing, Hebei, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan), Russia.

Remarks

Wu (2011) reported C. (C.) obliquefasciata (Adams, 1817) from Beijing and Shanxi but did not provide specific specimen data. We provide specimen data for this species from Beijing and Sichuan for the first time.

Subgenus Eriodera Rivalier, 1961

Cylindera (Eriodera) albopunctata (Chaudoir, 1852)

Figs 4E, 5E

Cicindela albopunctata: Chaudoir 1852: 10.

Cylindera (Eriodera) albopunctata: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14.

Published data

Sichuan (Wu 2011: 27), Yunnan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Xizang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27).

Records

Sichuan, Yanyuan, Jinhe, 1200 m, leg. D.J. Liu, 29.vi.1984, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang), Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, India, Vietnam.

Remarks

Wu (2011) reported C. (E.) albopunctata (Chaudoir, 1852) from Sichuan but did not provide specific specimen data. We provide specimen data for this species from Sichuan for the first time.

Subgenus Eugrapha Rivalier, 1950

Cylindera (Eugrapha) contortacontorta (Fischer, 1828)

Figs 4F, 5F

Cylindera (Eugrapha) contorta contorta: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14.

Published data

Gansu (Li and Chen 1993; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Qinghai (Li and Chen 1993; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Xinjiang (Li and Chen 1993; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 14; Wu 2011: 27), Inner Mongolia (Wu 2011: 27).

Records

Inner Mongolia, Alxa League, Alxa Right Banner, leg. Y.C. Lv, 12.vii.1986, 1 male, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang), Ukraine, Romania, Moldova, Iran, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Afghanistan, Russia, Mongolia.

Remarks

Wu (2011) reported C. (E.) c. contorta (Fischer, 1828) from Inner Mongolia but did not provide specific specimen data. We provide specimen data for this species from Inner Mongolia for the first time.

Cylindera (Eugrapha) elisaeelisae (Motschulsky, 1859)

Figs 6A, 7A

Cicindela elisae: Motschulsky 1859: 487; Wang et al. 2012: 16.

Cylindera (Eugrapha) elisae elisae: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15; Wu 2011: 27; Bai 2016: 29.

Published data

Heilongjiang (Wu 2011: 27), Jilin (Wu 2011: 27), Inner Mongolia (Wu 2011: 27), Liaoning (Wang et al. 2012:16), Hebei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Shandong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Beijing (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Shanxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Gansu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Xinjiang (Wu 2011: 27), Anhui (Wu 2011: 27), Henan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Hubei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Hunan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Zhejiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Guangdong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Hainan (Wu 2011: 27), Guangxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15), Shanghai (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Jiangsu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Jiangxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Qinghai (Wu 2011: 27, Bai 2016: 29), Sichuan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27), Yunnan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Shook and Wu 2006: 41, Wu 2011: 27), Xizang (Wu 2011: 27), Hong Kong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15), Taiwan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, Wu 2011: 27).

Figure 6. 

Habitus photographs A Cylindera (Eugrapha) elisae elisae (Motschulsky, 1859) B Cylindera (Eugrapha) sublacerata vicaria (Semenov, 1895) C Cylindera (Ifasina) decolorata (Horn, 1907) D Cylindera (Ifasina) lesnei (Babault, 1923) E Cylindera (Ifasina) sikhimensis (Mandl, 1982) F Lophyra (Spilodia) lineifrons (Chaudoir, 1865). Scale bars: 5 mm.

New records

Heilongjiang, Harbin, Hadeng (哈灯, hand-written label), leg. unknown, 13.vii.1963, 2 males, 1 female (NEFU).

Figure 7. 

Distribution maps. Green indicates records with previously known distribution based on published data, blue indicates new records, red stars indicate the collection sites of the examined specimens A Cylindera (Eugrapha) elisae elisae (Motschulsky, 1859) B Cylindera (Eugrapha) sublacerata vicaria (Semenov, 1895) C Cylindera (Ifasina) decolorata (Horn, 1907) D Cylindera (Ifasina) kaleea kaleea (Bates, 1866) E Cylindera (Ifasina) lesnei (Babault, 1923) F Cylindera (Ifasina) sikhimensis (Mandl, 1982).

Distribution

China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Beijing, Shanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Fujian, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang, Hong Kong, Taiwan), North Korea, South Korea, Vietnam, Russia, Mongolia.

Remarks

Wu (2011) and Wang et al. (2012) reported C. (E.) elisae from Heilongjiang without specimen record and detailed locality which makes it impossible to determine which subspecies was recorded. It is possible that C. (E.) e. hulunbeierensis is distributed in Heilongjiang as well. We hence provide the first record C. (E.) elisae for Heilongjiang.

Cylindera (Eugrapha) sublaceratavicaria (Semenov, 1895)

Figs 6B, 7B

Cicindela sublacerata: Mandl 1955: 321.

Cicindela (Eugrapha) sublacerata: Acciavatti and Pearson 1989: 302.

Cylindera (Eugrapha) sublacerata vicaria: Wu 2011: 27.

Published data

Xinjiang (Acciavatti and Pearson 1989: 303; Li and Chen 1993: 107; Wu 2011: 27).

Records

Xinjiang, Changji, Fukang Desert Ecological System Observatary, 44°17'31"N, 87°56'3"E, 474 m, light trap, leg. Y. Liu, 11.vi.2007, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Xinjiang), Mongolia.

Remarks

We provide additional specimen data for this species from Xinjiang.

Subgenus Ifasina Jeannel, 1946

Cylindera (Ifasina) decolorata (Horn, 1907)

Figs 6C, 7C

Cicindela psilica decolorata: Horn 1907: 24.

Cylindera (Ifasina) decolorate: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15; Wu 2011: 27.

Published data

Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15; Wu 2011: 27), Guangdong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15; Wu 2011: 27), Sichuan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15; Wu 2011: 27), Guizhou (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15; Wu 2011: 27), Yunnan (Horn 1907: 24; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15; Wu 2011: 27).

New records

Guangxi, Huaping Nature Reserve, Mount Tianping, leg. J.K. Yang, 5.vi.1963, 1 male, 1 female (EMCAU); Guangxi, Huaping Nature Reserve, Dayan Station, 25°36'52"N, 109°52'33"E, 1061 m, leg. M.Y. Lin and Y.Y. Qin, 12.vii.2022, 5 males, 18 females (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan), Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Guangxi.

Cylindera (Ifasina) kaleeakaleea (Bates, 1866)

Fig. 7D

Cicindela kaleea: Bates 1866: 340, 341.

Cylindera (Ifasina) kaleea kaleea: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28.

Published data

Beijing (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Hebei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Shaanxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Gansu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Shandong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Jiangsu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Shanghai (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Zhejiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Jiangxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Henan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Hubei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Hunan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Guangdong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Guangxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Sichuan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Guizhou (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Yunnan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Xizang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Hong Kong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28), Taiwan (Bates 1866: 340, 341; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 15, 16; Wu 2011: 28).

New records

Anhui, Tiantangzhai, Tudiling Bridge, 31°30'23"N, 116°09'07"E, 635 m, leg. unknown, 24.ix.2021, 1 male (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Anhui, Beijing, Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xizang, Hong Kong, Taiwan), India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Anhui.

Cylindera (Ifasina) lesnei (Babault, 1923)

Figs 6D, 7E

Cicindela lesnei: Babaule 1923: 7.

Cylindera (Ifasina) lesnei: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 16; Wu 2011: 28.

Published data

Guangdong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 16; Wu 2011: 28).

New records

Hunan, Huitong, Raochong Village, 26°51'23"N, 109°50'43"E, 650 m, leg. H.B. Liang, 21.vi.2015, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Hunan, Guangdong), Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Hunan.

Cylindera (Ifasina) sikhimensis (Mandl, 1982)

Figs 6E, 7F

Cicindela (Ifasina) discrete sikhimensis: Mandl 1982: 64, 65.

Cylindera (Ifasina) sikhimensis: Jaskula 2008: 33.

New records

Xizang, Motuo, 2 km SE of Beibeng, 29°14'8"N, 95°9'31"E, 843 m, light trap, leg. H.B. Liang, 29.vii.2012, 4 males, 9 females (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Xizang), India, Myanmar.

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Xizang.

Genus Lophyra Motschulsky, 1859

Subgenus Spilodia Rivalier, 1961

Lophyra (Spilodia) lineifrons (Chaudoir, 1865)

Figs 6F, 8A

Cicindela lineifrons: Chaudoir 1865: 39, 62.

Lophyra (Spilodia) lineifrons: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28.

Published data

Yunnan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28).

Figure 8. 

Habitus photographs A Lophyra (Spilodia) striolata dorsolineolata (Chevrolat, 1845) B Heptodonta pulchella (Hope, 1831) C Pronyssiformia excoffieri (Fairmaire, 1897) D Therates biserratus Tan, Mo & Liang, 1991 E Therates guangdongensis Wiesner, 2016 F Therates hunanensis Matalin & Wiesner, 2023. Scale bars: 5 mm.

New records

Guangxi, Ningming, Longrui, 180 m, leg. F.S. Li, 18.v.1984, 1 female (EMCAU).

Distribution

China (Guangxi, Yunnan), Nepal, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia.

Remarks

New provincial record for Guangxi.

Lophyra (Spilodia) striolatadorsolineolata (Chevrolat, 1845)

Figs 8A, 9B

Cicindela dorsolineolata: Chevrolat 1845: 95, 96.

Lophyra (Spilodia) striolata dorsolineolata: Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56.

Published data

Beijing (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Hebei (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Shandong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Jiangsu (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Zhejiang (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Anhui (Wu 2011: 28, Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Jiangxi (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Henan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Hubei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Hunan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Guangdong (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Guangxi (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Hainan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Yunnan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Guizhou (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Sichuan (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56), Taiwan (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 17; Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner et al. 2017: 56).

Figure 9. 

Distribution maps. Green indicates records with previously known distribution based on published data, blue indicates new records, red stars indicate the collection sites of the examined specimens A Lophyra (Spilodia) lineifrons (Chaudoir, 1865) B Lophyra (Spilodia) striolata dorsolineolata (Chevrolat, 1845) C Heptodonta pulchella (Hope, 1831) D Pronyssiformia excoffieri (Fairmaire, 1897) E Therates biserratus Tan, Mo & Liang, 1991 F Therates guangdongensis Wiesner, 2016.

New records

Xizang, Beibeng, 2 km from Highway Gelin, 29°14'56"N, 95°11'20"E, 1013 m, leg. J.W. Jiang, 29.vii.2019, 3 males, 5 females (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Xizang, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Taiwan), Japan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines.

Remarks

New provincial record for Xizang.

Subtribe Dromicina Thomson, 1859

Genus Heptodonta Hope, 1838

Heptodonta pulchella (Hope, 1831)

Figs 8B, 9C

Cicindela pulchella: Hope 1831: 21.

Heptodonta pulchella: Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 82; Görn 2020: 48.

Published data

Fujian (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 82; Görn 2020:51), Guangdong (Görn 2020:51), Guangxi (Görn 2020:51), Yunnan (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 82; Görn 2020:51), Sichuan (Görn 2020:51), Xizang (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 82; Görn 2020:51), Macao (Wu 2011: 28; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 82).

New records

Hainan, Jianfengling, Roadside of Tianchi, 18°43'44"N, 108°53'9"E, 1000 m, leg. H.B. Liang, 4.v.2007, 1 male, 2 females (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Xizang, Macao), Nepal, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Hainan.

Genus Pronyssiformia Horn, 1929

Pronyssiformia excoffieri (Fairmaire, 1897)

Figs 8C, 9D

Cicindela excoffieri: Fairmaire 1897: 14.

Pronyssiformia excoffieri: Horn 1929: 5; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 20; Wu 2011: 31.

Published data

Fujian (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 20; Wu 2011: 31), Hubei (Shook and Wiesner 2006: 20; Wu 2011: 31), Sichuan (Horn 1929: 6; Shook and Wiesner 2006: 20; Wu 2011: 31), Yunnan (Fairmaire 1897:14; Shook and Wiesner 2006; Wu 2011: 31).

New records

Guizhou, Mount Fanjing, Huguosi, 27°54'44"N, 108°38'37"E, 1350 m, leg. Q.Z. Song, 3.viii.2001, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guizhou, Fujian, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan).

Remarks

New provincial record for Guizhou.

Subtribe Theratina Horn, 1893

Genus Therates Latreille, 1816

Therates biserratus Tan, Mo & Liang, 1991

Figs 8D, 9E

Therates biserratus: Tan et al. 1991: 243; Matalin and Wiesner 2023: 414, 415.

Published data

Guizhou (Jiangkou; Yinjiang) (Tan et al. 1991: 243; Matalin and Wiesner 2023: 414, 415).

New records

Guangxi, Jinxiu, Luoxiang, 400 m, leg. D.C. Yuan, 14.v.1999, 1 male (IZCAS); Jiangxi, Longnan, Mount Jiulian, leg. Y.W. Zhang, 14.vi.1975, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guangxi, Jiangxi, Guizhou).

Remarks

New provincial record for Guangxi and Jiangxi.

Therates guangdongensis Wiesner, 2016

Figs 8E, 9F

Therates guangdongensis: Wiesner 2016: 131, 132.

Published data

Guangdong (Yinnah Shan) (Wiesner 2016: 131,132).

New records

Hainan, Baisha County, Nanmaola, leg. X.L. Huang, 13.v.2009, 1 male (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guangdong, Hainan).

Remarks

New provincial record for Hainan.

Therates hunanensis Matalin & Wiesner, 2023

Figs 8F, 11A

Therates hunanensis: Matalin and Wiesner 2023: 415.

Published data

Hunan (Dong’an; Chengbu) (Matalin and Wiesner 2023: 415).

New records

Chongqing, Mount Simian, 28°35–37'N, 106°23–24'E, 1190 m, leg. Z.H. Yang, 5.vii.2008, 1 male (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Chongqing, Hunan).

Remarks

New provincial record for Chongqing.

Therates probsti Wiesner, 1988

Figs 10A, 11B

Therates probsti: Wiesner 1988:20.

New records

Xizang, Motuo, Yarang Hydropower Station, 29°15'54"N, 95°14'43"E, 850 m, leg. H.B. Liang, 1.viii.2019, 1 female (IZCAS).

Figure 10. 

Habitus photographs A Therates probsti Wiesner, 1988 B Therates turnai Wiesner, 2015 C Neocollyris (Isocollyris) grandivadosa (Horn, 1935) D Neocollyris (Neocollyris) saphyrina (Chaudoir, 1850) E Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) bicolor (Horn, 1902) F Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) mouhotii nagaii Naviaux & Sawada, 1992. Scale bars: 5 mm.

Distribution

China (Xizang), Laos, Vietnam.

Figure 11. 

Distribution maps. Green indicates records with previously known distribution based on published data, blue indicates new records, red stars indicate the collection sites of the examined specimens A Therates hunanensis Matalin & Wiesner, 2023 B Therates probsti Wiesner, 1988 C Therates turnai Wiesner, 2015 D Neocollyris (Isocollyris) grandivadosa (Horn, 1935) E Neocollyris (Neocollyris) saphyrina (Chaudoir, 1850) F Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) bicolor (Horn, 1902).

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Xizang.

Therates turnai Wiesner, 2015

Figs 10B, 11C

Therates turnai: Wiesner 2015: 44–47.

Published data

Guizhou (Xianheping) (Wiesner 2016: 44–47).

New records

Sichuan, Mount Emei, Xixinsuo, 29°34'30"N, 103°22'26"E, 1300 m, day collecting, leg. H.B. Liang, 10–15.viii.2012, 1 male (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guizhou, Sichuan).

Remarks

New provincial record for Sichuan.

Tribe Collyridini Brullé, 1834

Subtribe Collyridini Brullé, 1834

Genus Neocollyris Horn, 1901

Subgenus Isocollyris Naviaux, 1994

Neocollyris (Isocollyris) grandivadosa (Horn, 1935)

Figs 10C, 11D

Collyris aureofusca grandi-vadosa: Horn 1935: 50, 51.

Neocollyris (Isocollyris) grandivadosa: Naviaux 2004: 74, 75, 76.

New records

Guangxi, Napo County, 23°43'33"N, 106°49'30"E, 111 m, hand collected, leg. Y. Wang, 16.v.2021, 1 male, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guangxi), Vietnam.

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Guangxi.

Subgenus Neocollyris Horn, 1901

Neocollyris (Neocollyris) saphyrina (Chaudoir, 1850)

Figs 10D, 11E

Neocollyris (Neocollyris) saphyrina: Li and Chen 1993: 102.

Published data

?Yunnan (Li and Chen 1993: 102), ?Sichuan (Xichang) (Li and Chen 1993: 102).

New records

Xizang, Shigatse, Gyirong, 2400 m, leg. F.S. Huang, 22.vii.1975, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Xizang, ?Yunnan, ?Sichuan), India, Myanmar, Laos, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia.

Remarks

Gyirong borders Nepal, from where N. saphyrina was previously known. Shook and Wiesner (2006) indicated that records included by Li and Chen (1993) for N. (N.) saphyrina in Yunnan and Sichuan (Xichang) required confirmation. The location reported here, Gyirong, is far from Yunnan and Sichuan, and the closest confirmed distribution of N. (N.) saphyrina to Yunnan and Sichuan is in Cambodia and Laos, but with some similar species present in this area, the records for Yunnan and Sichuan still need to be re-examined. We restore the record of N. (N.) saphyrina for China with a new provincial record for Xizang.

Subgenus Pachycollyris Naviaux, 1995

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) bicolor (Horn, 1902)

Figs 10E, 11F

Collyris bicolor: Horn 1902: 70.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) bicolor: Wu 2011: 30; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 77.

Published data

Guangxi (Wu 2011: 30; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 77), Yunnan (Wu 2011: 30; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 77).

New records

Hainan, Wuzhishan, Fanyang Town, leg. G. Ros, 1.vii.1956, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan), Laos, Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Hainan.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) mouhotiinagaii Naviaux & Sawada, 1992

Figs 10F, 13A

Neocollyris mouhotii nagaii: Naviaux and Sawada 1992: 46, 47, 48.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) mouhotii nagaii: Naviaux 1995: 267.

New records

Hainan, Baisha County, Yinggeling, 18°59'28"N, 109°20'18"E, leg. M.Y. Lin, 14.vi.2010, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Hainan), Vietnam.

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Hainan.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) sawadai Naviaux, 1991

Figs 12A, 13B

Neocollyris sawadai: Naviaux 1991a: 222.

New records

Yunnan, Pu’er, Simao, day collecting, leg. H.L. Han and M.J. Qi, 15–19.vii.2009, 1 female (NEFU).

Figure 12. 

Habitus photographs A Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) sawadai Naviaux, 1991 B Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) strangulata Naviaux, 1991 C Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) tricolor Naviaux, 1991 D Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) vitalisi (Horn, 1924). Scale bars: 5 mm.

Distribution

China (Yunnan), Vietnam.

Figure 13. 

Distribution maps. Green indicates records with previously known distribution based on published data, blue indicates new records, red stars indicate the collection sites of the examined specimens A Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) mouhotii nagaii Naviaux & Sawada, 1992 B Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) sawadai Naviaux, 1991 C Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) strangulata Naviaux, 1991 D Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) tricolor Naviaux, 1991 E Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) vitalisi (Horn, 1924).

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Yunnan.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) strangulata Naviaux, 1991

Figs 12B, 13C

Neocollyris strangulata: Naviaux 1991b: 276, 277.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) strangulata: Naviaux 1995: 263, 264.

New records

Guangxi, Jingxi City, Diding Nature Reserve, 23°6'47"N, 105°58'40"E, leg. S.Y. Zhou and J.H. Huang, 9.viii.2010, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Guangxi), Laos, Vietnam.

Remarks

New state record for China and new provincial record for Guangxi.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) tricolor Naviaux, 1991

Figs 12C, 13D

Neocollyris tricolor: Naviaux 1991c: 19, 20.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) tricolor: Wu and Shook 2007: 39; Wu 2011: 31.

Published data

Yunnan (Lincang) (Wu and Shook 2007:39; Wu 2011: 31).

New records

Xizang, Beibeng, 2 km from Highway Gelin, 29°14'56"N, 95°11'20"E, 1013 m, leg. J.W. Jiang, 29.vii.2019, 1 female (IZCAS).

Distribution

China (Xizang, Yunnan), Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Xizang.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) vitalisi (Horn, 1924)

Figs 12D, 13E

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) feai vitalisi: Naviaux 1995: 256, 257.

Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) vitalisi: Cassola 2005: 15; Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 78.

Published data

Xizang (Wiesner and Geiser 2016: 78).

New records

Yunnan, Mount Huanglian, Beiluo, 22°44'8"N, 102°18'27"E, 1277 m, day collecting, leg. G.Z. Zhong and L.K. Zhang, 09–15.IX.2016, 1 female (KIZCAS).

Distribution

China (Yunnan, Xizang), Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

Remarks

New provincial record for Yunnan.

Discussion

During our investigation of Chinese collections, we encountered a single specimen of Cicindela (Cicindela) japana Motschulsky, 1858 [Anhui, China = CHINE, Prov. ANHWEI-printed label] (Fig. 14). Cicindela (C.) japana is only known from Japan, where it occurs on the four main islands and several smaller adjacent islands. One specimen deposited in a museum collection in Vladivostok was collected on Kunashir Island and supposedly blown there from Hokkaido by strong winds (A.V. Matalin pers. comm.). Previous records of C. (C.) japana from China and South Korea that could be examined by us all referred to misidentified specimens of C. (C.) sachalinensis raddei. Thus, it seems unlikely that C. (C.) japana occurs in China, especially in an inland province far from Japan. Given the age of this specimen, and the absence of labels indicating the collector and date, we suspect it may have been mislabeled.

Figure 14. 

Cicindela (Cicindela) japana Motschulsky, 1858. Habitus and specimen labels.

With the new records presented here, the tiger beetle fauna of China now includes 208 species, 71 (34%) of which are endemic. Five of the new records reported here are from the Chayu and Motuo, regions in the southeast of Xizang. This area is located at the junction of the Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayas and is surrounded by many biogeographical barriers. These five species were previously known from adjacent regions and countries, including Yunan Province, Sichuan Province, Myanmar, and India, from which they may have dispersed. More research on the tiger beetle diversity in this region, the southeast of Xizang, is needed and has great potential to broaden our understanding of the biogeography of tiger beetles within China.

Recently, Matalin et al. (2024) restored Apterodela (Apterodela) bivirgulata (Fairmaire, 1889) as a separate species. Before the reclassification, Apterodela (Apterodela) lobipennis (Bates, 1888) was regarded as one of the common tiger beetles in China, with many specimens preserved in collections. All these specimens need to be re-examined to determine their exact classification. Therefore, additional specimens and photographic records will facilitate the progress of identification.

Furthermore, we report new provincial records of Therates biserratus Tan, Mo & Liang, 1991 and Therates hunanensis Matalin & Wiesner, 2023 in China. Therates biserratus has been included in the List of Key Protected Wild Animals in China since 2003, although it has not been considered as a separate species for a long time. According to the known distribution, T. biserratus may indeed be widely distributed in Nan Ling Area (24°00'–26°30'N, 110°–116°E). This may ultimately lead to reconsideration of the taxonomic status between these two species. Due to the limited number of specimens included in this and other studies (Matalin and Wiesner 2023), more specimens are needed to adequately determine their status.

To date, taxonomic studies on tiger beetles from Guangxi and Hainan are relatively scarce (Naviaux 2010; Xiong and Wiesner 2022). Here, we report nine new records from Guangxi and four new records from Hainan. We believe that the diversity of tiger beetles in these two provinces far exceeds the currently known records and deserves more attention from taxonomists.

Many of the specimens reported here are old specimens that have not been previously identified. There are likely numerous unidentified tiger beetle specimens in other institutions and museums in China, which hold considerable yet untapped data. We encourage others to recognize and utilize this potential and are willing to help in identification.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Huilin Han (NEFU), Hongbin Liang (IZCAS), Ming Bai (IZCAS), Hongzhang Zhou (IZCAS), Xingyue Liu (EMCAU), and Kaiqin Li (KIZCAS) for providing us with the opportunity to examine specimens housed in the collections under their supervision. We thank Kuiyan Zhang (IZCAS) and Zhehao Tian (IZCAS) for providing some specimens and photographs. Furthermore, we extend our gratitude to Andrey V. Matalin (Moscow, Russia), Charles Dheurle (Langres, France), Il-Kwon Kim (KNA, South Korea), and Sebastian Görn (Stuttgart, Germany) for providing information. And we thank Jiayu Liu (NEFU) and Zongkun Tu (NEFU) for processing certain images. Lastly, we would like to thank David L. Pearson (Arizona State University, USA) for kindly revising the English text.

Additional information

Conflict of interest

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Ethical statement

No ethical statement was reported.

Funding

No funding was reported.

Author contributions

Conceptualization: KYW. Formal analysis: JW, FAB. Funding acquisition: CDL. Investigation: KYW. Resources: CDL. Supervision: CDL. Visualization: KYW. Writing - original draft: KYW. Writing - review and editing: FAB, JW.

Author ORCIDs

Ke-Yi Wang https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8915-9563

Fabian A. Boetzl https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5121-3370

Jürgen Wiesner https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7824-166X

Data availability

All of the data that support the findings of this study are available in the main text.

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