Differs from all other genera of Zephroniinae by the combination of the following characters: 1) Body length 18–50 mm. 2) Antennae flattened laterally, usually axe-shaped, with numerous (> 4) apical cones. 3) Endotergum (tergite underside) weakly modified: posterior margin (pm) usually flat; outer area (os) without setae; marginal bristles arranged in 1–5 rows; middle area (ma) often with a single row of circular cuticular impressions. 4) Tarsi of legs 5–21 often with more than one apical spine (with very few species with only 1) and several ventral spines. 5) Anterior telopods with four podomeres distal to syncoxite; telopoditomere 2 with a large, curved process forming a clamp-like; telopoditomeres 3 and 4 simple. 6) Posterior telopods with four telopoditomeres; immovable finger (process of telopoditomere 2 slender, apically curved; telopoditomeres 3 and 4 with two membranous lobes; telopoditomere 3 also with a row of conspicuous, crenulated teeth, larger than elopoditomere 4; telopoditomere 4 with few (one or two) sclerotized spines. 7) Female vulvae conspicuous, slender; operculum usually round.

Zephronia is one of the most species-rich genera of the family with more than 50 species currently placed in the genus. Numerous species currently placed in the genus are in need of a revision, some only known from the female, and might be placed in separate genera in the future. The posterior telopod in Zephronia consists of four podomeres, unlike Castanotherium Pocock, 1895 whose species have three podomeres only. Podomere 4 of the posterior telopod in Zephronia is not strongly curved or overlapping the process of podomere 2 as in Cryxus Leach, 1814. The process of podomere 2 in Zephronia is never apically enlarged or swollen like in Sphaerobelum Verhoeff, 1924. The osterior telopod on podomere 3 in Zephronia has crenulated teeth, unlike Kophosphaera Attems, 1935 which lacks sclerotized teeth or spines entirely. The posterior telopod of Zephronia species is identical to those of species of Sphaeropoeus Brandt, 1833, Prionobelum Verhoeff, 1924, Tigridosphaera Jeekel, 2000, and Indosphaera Attems, 1935. Zephronia species differ from species of Sphaeropoeus and Prionobelum in the anterior telopods, lacking the characteristic processes on joints three (Sphaeropoeus) and four (Prionobelum). Zephronia species differ from Indosphaera in the coxae of leg 2 in females being separate, not fused. Zephronia species are currently impossible to distinguish from species of Tigridosphaera as that species-poor genus is in need of revision. Females of Zephronia differ in their shape of the operculum of the vulva from species of Indosphaera, where it is much lower than in Zephronia species, as well as from species of Sphaeropoeus and Prionobelum where the operculum is greatly enlarged and almost rectangular in shape.

Holotype • ♂ (CUMZ-MYR0013); Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Tha Mai District, Wat Khao Sukim (Khao Sukim Temple); 12°45'47"N, 102°01'56"E; ca 53 m a.s.l.; 14 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students. Paratypes. • 29 ♂, 16 ♀ (CUMZ-MYR0014), same data as holotype; • 2 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMD1184695), same data as holotype; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMW10436), same data as holotype; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZFMK-MYR13659), same data as holotype.

• 26 juveniles (CUMZ), same data as holotype.

The position of the organ of Tömösváry at the brim and not inside the antennal groove (Fig. 3B) identifies this species as a member of the Zephronia s.s. species group (see Semenyuk et al. 2018), with which it also aligns genetically (Fig. 1). This small brown species (body length ca 20 mm) with short golden hair (Fig. 2A–F) differs from all other Zephronia s.s. species, except for Z. macula sp. nov. found in direct sympatry, described below, in the presence of only a single apical spine on the tarsus of legs 4–21 (2 or 3 in the other species). Midbody endotergum with one row of marginal bristles with longest bristles reaching up to posterior margin, immovable finger (process) of telopoditomere 2 on anterior telopod relatively long and slender. Similar in these respects only to Z. macula sp. nov. but differs from the latter species by the tergite coloration lacking dark or greenish-dark colour spots, the operculum of the female being more slender, the femur of the walking legs being slightly wider than long (slightly longer than wide in Z. macula sp. nov.), and the female subanal plate having a strongly concave margin. Genetically distant from other species by 18.94–26.82% p-distance in the COI barcoding fragment.

Measurements : Male holotype. Body length 20 mm. Width, of thoracic shield 9 mm, of tergite 7 = 10 mm (= broadest). Height of tergite 7 = 7 mm (= highest). Males: body length = 19–23 mm. Width, of thoracic shield = 8–9 mm, of tergite 7 = 9–10 mm. Height of tergite 7 = 6–8 mm. Females: body length = 19–22 mm. Width, of thoracic shield = 8–9 mm, of tergite 7 = 9–11 mm. Height of tergite 7 = 6–8 mm (= highest).

Colouration (Fig. 2A–F): In life with body of brown colour. Head, collum, thoracic shield and tergites brown. Antenna, legs, and venter light brown. Anal shield dark brown (rarely brown), except anterior and posterior margins pale brown. Tergites dorsally with dark brown stripe, clearly seen when rolled up. Specimens in alcohol after one year changed to pale brown.

Head (Fig. 3A, B): Trapeziform, densely setose; anterior part with setae longer than in posterior part; each seta located inside small pit. With 57–65 ommatidia (ocelli) in males and 60–65 in females. Aberrant ommatidium located at brim of antennal groove. Organ of Tömösváry situated near the base of antenna, separated from eye field. No sclerotized crest/ridge between antennal socket and eye field.

Antennae (Figs 2B, C, 3A, C–E): Short and stout, covered by long and dense setae; last antennomere reaching back to leg pair 2 or 3. Lengths of antennomeres: 1=2=3=4<5<<6. Antennomere 6 slightly flattened apically, axe-shaped; apically with sensilla basiconica. Apical disc flat; with 30–41 (male) or 25–35 (female) apical cones.

Epipharynx (Fig. 3J): With a regular central tooth (ct); inner tooth conspicuous and flat; laterally with numerous long external teeth (et); inner area with a single row of fringed spines (rsp) on each side.

Gnathochilarium (Fig. 3F–I): Structure as typical as for Sphaerotheriida. Lamellae linguales (ll) oval, slightly concave apically, with long setae. Central pads (Cp) modified, with numerous “pillows” of sensory cones (sc) (Fig. 3H); two types of sensory cones (one with a pillow and another without a pillow). Stipites (st) large, densely setose; located laterally to lamellae linguales. Mentum (me) large, fused, with sparse and long setae. Lateral palpi inconspicuous. Inner palpi (ip) with sensory cones (sc) arranged in single field (Fig. 3G).

Mandibles (gnathal lobe) (Fig. 3K): With undivided external tooth (Et) and with conspicuous 3-combed inner tooth (3it). With 5–7 pectinate lamellae (pl). Inner area (Ia) with group of long and tiny teeth. Molar plate (mp) flat, velvet-like; lacking a membranous fringe. Condylus (co) conspicuous, apically with one distinct ridge.

Tegument (Figs 2A–F, 4): Quite dull; collum, thoracic shield, tergite and anal shield densely covered by tiny golden setae; each seta located in a pit. Anterior margins of midbody tergite and of anal shield with lower number of setae than posterior margins. Posterior rim in dorsal and ventral side of anal shield with a few small setae.

Collum (Figs 2B, 3A): Subsemicircular; tip of lateral margin obtuse, densely setose.

Thoracic shield (Fig. 4B): With shallow and large groove separated by a large and long ridge. Slope towards groove without keel. Groove and ridge smooth, without setae.

Midbody tergite (Fig. 4D–G): With a row of oval impressions and numerous tiny tubercles at anterior edge. Inner area with crenate barrier, forming a wide and shallow groove. Tips of midbody paratergites projecting caudoventrad.

Anal shield (Fig. 4H–M): Slightly sexually dimorphic, in female large and well-rounded, in male slightly slenderer. With a row of oval impressions and several tiny tubercles at anterior edge. Inner area with crenate barrier, forming a wide and shallow groove. Underside with a single, short, black locking carina; twice as long as those of tergites, as long as half of tarsus.

Endotergum of thoracic shield and midbody tergite (Fig. 14A–D): Thoracic shield similar to midbody tergite. Posterior margin (pm) flat, regular. Outer area (os) without setae. Marginal bristles arranged in one row, tip of the longest bristles very slightly protruding above posterior margin. Middle area (ma) with a single row of conspicuous, circular cuticular impressions; distance between impressions twice as long as individual diameter. Inner area (ia) without tubercles or setae.

Pleurite (laterotergite) (Fig. 5B): With short setae. First pleurite slender, boomerang-shaped; apical margin slightly attenuated; strongly projecting into a wide tip. Pleurite 2 wider than first one, projecting into obtuse tip. The remaining pleurites flat and wide, lamella-like, apical margin slightly extended.

Subanal plate of female (Fig. 5C): Large and wide, semicircular; sparsely setose; apical margin strongly concave.

Stigmatic plates (Fig. 5D, E): First stigmatic plate slender, apex well-rounded, slightly curving towards coxa (Fig. 5E). Second stigmatic plate in both sexes without any curve (Fig. 5F, J).

Legs (Fig. 5D–L): All podomeres densely setose. Coxa (cx) large; coxal process absent in first and second legs; legs 3–21 marginally with large and dentate process. Prefemur (pre) short and stout; apico-mesally with a weak projection; mesal margin with small spines. Femur (fe) stout; with long ridge in all leg-pairs; apico-mesally massively enlarged with a strong projection carrying dentate margin (conspicuous teeth on margin). Postfemur (po) and tibia (ti) short. Tarsus (ta) of midbody legs quite long and slender; as long as length of prefemur+femur combined; first two leg-pairs without an apical spine; leg-pair 1 with 1 ventral spine; leg-pair 2 with 3 ventral spines; leg-pair 3 with 5 or 6 ventral spines and 1 apical spine; leg pairs 4 with 7 or 8 ventral spines and 1 apical spine; leg pairs 5–21 with 7–9 ventral spines and 1 apical spine. In leg 9, femur slightly wider than long (1.1×), tarsus 4× longer than wide. Claw normal, with a small notch at base.

Male sexual characters (Fig. 5F): Gonopore large, covered by long setae; with divided sclerotized plates, triangular.

Anterior telopods (Fig. 6A, B, E–G): First telopoditomere rectangular. Telopoditomere 2 large, as long as telopoditomere 3. Immovable finger (process of telopoditomere 2) long and slender; almost as long as movable finger (= combination of telopoditomeres 3+4); clearly seen in posterior and anterior views; strongly curved; tip obtuse, directed anteriad; with a membranous lobe and sclerotized spots located at inner margin. Telopoditomere 3 as long as telopoditomere 4, clearly demarcated from telopoditomere 4 by conspicuous suture; apically with few crenulated teeth (cr-t). Tepoloditomere 4 apically with large and long setae.

Posterior telopods (Figs 6A–D, H–J; 7): Consisting of 4 telopoditomeres. First telopoditomere rectangular, slightly longer than wide. Telopoditomere 2 large and stout. Immovable finger (process of telopoditomere 2) long and slender, 3× longer than wide, with a characteristic swelling mesally; slightly longer than movable finger (= combination of telopoditomeres 3+4); attenuate near tip; tip obtuse; tip in situ curving anteriad; inner margin with few conspicuous sclerotized spots (scl-s) and two membranous lobes (ml). Telopoditomere 3 long, 2.5× longer than wide, with a membranous ledge and single spine at excavate inner margin. Telopoditomere 4 relatively short; 4× shorter than telopoditomere 3; 1.5× longer than wide, slightly tapering toward apex; with two long spines located on membranous ledge; posteriorly with 9–12 crenulated teeth (cr-t). Telopoditomeres 1 and 2 in anterior view mostly covered by setae, in posterior view mostly glabrous. Telopoditomeres 3 and 4 glabrous, except small area at basal part of telopoditomere 3 with setae. Inner horns with sharp-edged tips, slightly curved caudad.

Female sexual characters (Fig. 5J, K): Vulva large, slender, sparsely setose; covering almost 1/2 of coxa; located at mesal margin; extending mesally to base of prefemur. Operculum (op) round, mesal margin protruding into an oval-like lobe, tip of operculum obtuse. Bursa (bu) large, demarcated from operculum by a triangular groove.

Negligible colour variation is observed in the anal shield between different living specimens. Generally, they are dark brown in most specimens and pale brown in others. Females are typically of the same size as males.

Zephronia chantaburiensis sp. nov. is currently known only from the type locality in Chantaburi Province and is therefore here regarded as an endemic species. The new species was encountered during the day time in evergreen forest in granitic habitat (Fig. 2H). They hide themselves beneath thick leaf litter and decayed wood logs (Fig. 2G). Co-occurring and dominant millipedes are included, Z. macula sp. nov. and Desmoxytes euros Srisonchai et al., 2018.

The name is an adjective referring to the province (Chantaburi) where the type locality is located.

Holotype • ♂ (CUMZ-MYR0015); Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Kaeng Hang Maeo District, near Khao Wong Kot Cave, Thamma Sooksawang Temple; 12°53'51.7"N, 101°48'59.7"E; ca. 60 m a.s.l.; 14 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students. Paratypes. • 53 ♂, 74 ♀ (CUMZ-MYR0016), same data as holotype; • 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (NHMD1184696), same data as holotype; • 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (NHMW10437), same data as holotype; • 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (ZFMK-MYR13660), same data as holotype.

• 29 juveniles (CUMZ); Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Kaeng Hang Maeo District, near Khao Wong Kot Cave, Thamma Sooksawang Temple; 12°53'51.7"N, 101°48'59.7"E; ca. 60 m a.s.l.; 14 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students; • 26 ♂, 31 ♀ (CUMZ); Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Tha Mai District, Wat Khao Sukim (Khao Sukim Temple); 12°45'47"N, 102°01'56"E; ca. 53 m a.s.l.; 14 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students; • 18 ♂, 26 ♀ (CUMZ); Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Khlung District, Thaeo Klong Khlung Monastery; 12°28'53.3"N, 102°13'06.3"E; ca. 74 m a.s.l.; 14 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students; • 26 ♂, 65 ♀; 47 juveniles (CUMZ); Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Makham District, Wat Khao Banchob, 12°51'09.0"N, 102°12'15.0"E; ca. 110 m a.s.l.; 13 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students • 33 ♂, 43 ♀ (CUMZ); Thailand, Chonburi Province, Bo Thong District, Wat Khao Yai Aran Khiri; 13°14'54.7"N, 101°37'29.6"E; ca. 160 m a.s.l.; 15 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students; • 66 ♂, 25 ♀ (CUMZ); Thailand, Rayong Province, Makham District, Wat Pa Theprangsi (= Wat Khao Hin Tang); 12°42'03.3"N, 101°32'17.3"E; ca. 80 m a.s.l.; 14 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students; • 5 ♂, 7 juveniles (CUMZ); Thailand, Sa Kaeo Province, Khlong Hat District, Phet Pho Thong Cave; 13°24'53.5"N, 102°19'35.1"E; ca. 245 m a.s.l.; 12 June 2023; leg. R. Srisonchai and KKUMZ students; • 1 ♂, 2 ♀ (CUMZ); Thailand, Sra Kaeo Province, Mueang Sra Kaeo District, Wat Tham Khao Maka; 13°47'11.9"N, 101°56'51.8"E; ca. 70 m a.s.l.; August 2014; leg. ASRU members

The position of the organ of Tömösváry in this small Zephronia with an axe-shaped antennomere 6 identifies Z. macula sp. nov. as a member of the Zephronia s.s. species-group (Semenyuk et al. 2018). Z. macula sp. nov. differs from all other known species of the group except for the syntopic Z. chantaburiensis sp. nov., in the presence of only a single apical spine on the tarsi of legs 4–21 (at least 2 or 3 in the other Zephronia). Z. macula sp. nov. differs from Z. chantaburiensis sp. nov. by having a combination of distinct characters, viz. tergite with dark or greenish dark spots, femur of walking legs less strongly widened, slightly longer than wide (wider than long in Z. chantaburiensis sp. nov.), bristles of midbody endotergum reaching to posterior margin, operculum of female vulva not protruding and round, and immovable finger (process) of telopoditomere 2 of the anterior telopod more curved and much longer. Genetically distant from others by a p-distance of the COI barcoding fragment of 17.93–25.13%.

Measurements : Male holotype. Body length 18 mm. Width, of thoracic shield 8 mm, of tergite 7 = 9 mm (= broadest). Height of tergite 7 = 6 mm (= highest). Males: body length = 18–20 mm. Width, of thoracic shield = 8–9 mm, of tergite 7 = 8–10 mm. Height of tergite 7 = 6–7 mm. Females: body length = 18–20 mm. Width, of thoracic shield = 8–9 mm, of tergite 7 = 9–10 mm. Height of tergite 7 = 6–8 mm (= highest).

Colouration (Fig. 8A–G): Specimen in life with body of brown/greenish brown/reddish brown colour, tergite with dark or greenish dark spots. Head, antenna, and collum dark brown. Thoracic shield, tergites and anal shield brown. Colour in alcohol after one year faded to brown.

Head (Fig. 9A, B): Trapeziform, densely setose; each seta located inside small pit. With 55–65 ommatidia (ocelli) in males and 61–70 in females. At rim of antennal groove with aberrant ommatidium. Organ of Tömösváry located near base of antenna, clearly separated from eye field. No sclerotized crest/ridge between antennal socket and eye field.

Antennae (Figs 8C, D, 9A, C–E): Short and stout, covered by long and dense setae; last antennomere reaching back to leg pair 2 or 3 when stretched ventrally. Lengths of antennomeres: 1=2=3=4<5<<6. Antennomere 6 strongly flattened apically, axe-shaped; apically with sensilla basiconica. Apical disc slightly concave, with 48–57 apical cones (male) or 36–43 (female).

Epipharynx (Fig. 9J): With a large central tooth (ct); inner tooth conspicuous and swollen; laterally with group of long external teeth (et); inner area with a single row of fringed spines (rsp) on each side.

Gnathochilarium (Fig. 9F–I): As in Z. chantaburiensis sp. nov. Lamellae linguales (ll) oval, apically concave, with long setae. Central pads (Cp) modified, with numerous “pillows” of sensory cones (sc) (Fig. 9H); two different types of sensory cones (one with a pillow and another without a pillow). Stipites (st) large and stout, densely setose. Mentum (me) large and broad, fused, with long setae. Lateral palpi inconspicuous. Inner palpi (ip) with sensory cones (sc) arranged in single field (Fig. 9G).

Mandibles (gnathal lobe) (Fig. 9K): With undivided external tooth (Et) and with prominent 3-combed inner tooth (3it). With 5–6 pectinate lamellae (pl). Inner area (Ia) with group of long and tiny teeth, spine-like. Molar plate (mp) flat, velvet-like; lacking a membranous fringe. Condylus (co) conspicuous, apically with 2 distinct ridges.

Tegument (Figs 8A–G, 10): Dull; collum, thoracic shield, tergite and anal shield with tiny golden setae; each seta located in small pit. Anterior margins of midbody tergite and of anal shield with lower number of setae than posterior margins. Posterior rim on dorsal and ventral side of anal shield with a few small setae.

Collum (Figs 8C, D, 11A): Sub-semicircular; tip of lateral margin obtuse, covered with fine setae.

Thoracic shield (Fig. 10B): With a shallow, large, wide groove separated by a large and long ridge. Slope towards groove without keels. Groove smooth, without setae; on a ridge with a few setae.

Midbody tergite (Fig. 10D–G): With a row of oval impressions; anterior margin with tiny tubercles. Inner area with a crenate barrier; a wide and shallow groove. Tips of midbody paratergites projecting ventro-posteriad.

Anal shield (Fig. 10H–M): In female large and well-rounded, in male slenderer. With a row of oval impressions, edge of anterior margin with numerous tiny tubercles (sometimes arranged into rows). Inner area with a row of oval impressions, forming a crenate barrier; with a wide and shallow groove.

Endotergum of thoracic shield and midbody tergite (Fig. 14E–H): Thoracic shield similar to midbody tergites. Overall surface smooth. Posterior margin (pm) flat, not modified. Outer area (os) without setae. Bristles arranged in one row; tip of longest bristles reaching to posterior margin (Fig. 14G, H showing short bristles). Middle area (ma) with a single row of conspicuous, oval cuticular impressions; distance between impressions twice as long as individual diameter. Inner area (ia) without tubercles or setae.

Pleurite (laterotergite) (Fig. 11B): Densely setose. First pleurite boomerang-shaped; apical margin attenuated; strongly projecting into sharp tip. Pleurite 2 projecting into an obtuse tip. Remaining pleurites flat and wide, lamella-like, apical margin extended.

Subanal plate of female (Fig. 11C): Sparsely setose. Large and broad (sometimes quite narrow), semicircular; apical margin slightly concave (rarely truncate/obtuse).

Stigmatic plates (Fig. 11D, E): First stigmatic plate large, slender; apex well-rounded, slightly curved towards basal part of prefemur. Second stigmatic plates in both male (Fig. 11F) and female (Fig. 11J) only very weakly curved towards coxa.

Legs (Fig. 11D–L): All podomeres with long setae. Coxa (cx) large, as long as length of prefemur; coxal process absent in first and second legs; legs 3–21 marginally with dentate process (tooth), conspicuous, broad. Prefemur (pre) stout; apico-mesally with weak projection; mesal margin with conspicuous and small spines. Femur (fe) short and stout, as long as length of prefemur; with a long ridge in all leg-pairs; apico-mesally with strong spines, forming a dentate margin. Postfemur (po) and tibia (ti) quite short. Tarsus (ta) of midbody legs quite short; as long as length of femur+postfemur; first two leg-pairs without an apical spine; leg-pair 1 with 1 ventral spine; leg-pair 2 with 3 ventral spines; leg-pair 3 with 4–6 ventral spines and 1 apical spine; leg pairs 4 with 6–8 ventral spines and 1 apical spine; leg pairs 5–21 with 7–9 ventral spines and 1 apical spine. In leg 9, length of femur equal to width, tarsus 4× longer than wide. Claw normal, at base with a notch, conspicuous.

Male sexual characters (Fig. 11F): Gonopore large, with long setae; with divided sclerotized plates, triangular.

Anterior telopods (Fig. 12A, B, E–G): First telopoditomere stout, rectangular. Telopoditomere 2 large. Immovable finger (process of telopoditomere 2) quite long; as long as telopoditomere 3; clearly seen in posterior and anterior views; strongly curved; tip obtuse, directed anteriad and close to basal part of telopoditomere 4; with a large membranous lobe; with sclerotized spots located at inner margin. Telopoditomere 3 longer than telopoditomere 4; clearly demarcated from telopoditomere 4 by conspicuous suture; apically with crenulated teeth (cr-t). Tepoloditomere 4 apically with a few setae located in the side pits.

Posterior telopods (Figs 12A–D, H–J; 13): With 4 telopoditomeres. First telopoditomere rectangular, stout; slightly longer than wide. Telopoditomere 2 large and stout. Immovable finger (process of telopoditomere 2) long and slender, 3× longer than wide; equal in length to movable finger (= combination of telopoditomeres 3+4); attenuate near tip; tip obtuse, in-situ curving anteriad; inner margin with conspicuous sclerotized spots (scl-s) in a blackish ledge and two large membranous lobes (ml). Telopoditomere 3 long, 2.5× longer than wide, inner margin with a long membranous ledge and basally with a single spine. Telopoditomere 4 quite short; 3.5× shorter than telopoditomere 3; slightly tapering toward apex; with two spines located on membranous ledge at inner margin; with 9 or 10 large crenulated teeth (cr-t) posteriorly. Telopoditomeres 1 mostly glabrous, telopoditomere 2 in posterior view mostly glabrous, in anterior view covered by setae. Telopoditomeres 3 and 4 in posterior view glabrous; at basal part of telopoditomere 3 in anterior view sparsely setose. Inner horns with sharp-edged tips, slightly curved caudad.

Female sexual characters (Fig. 11J, K): Vulva large and stout, sparsely setose; covering almost 1/3 of coxa; located at mesal margin; mesally extended to base of prefemur. Operculum (op) broad and well-rounded; swollen dorsoventrally, mesal margin not protruding; tip of operculum truncate. Bursa (bu) large, completely demarcated from operculum by a triangular groove.

Intrapopulational variation was found in which most specimens have a brown/reddish brown (majority) colour, while the others are greenish brown (minority). In addition, the posterior margin of subanal scale is in most specimens wide, whereas some specimens possess a quite narrow margin.

This species is widely distributed across eastern Thailand (>150 km). Most specimens were collected from locations with granitic rock habitats, while a few localities were in forested limestone habitats (Fig. 8H, I). All individuals were encountered during the day under rotten logs and in leaf litters.

The name is a noun referring to the pattern of spots on the body.