GANTC002-17 to GANTC006-17

BOLD:ADF7790.

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157671425298360

Dominican Republic, Samaná Province, Monumento Natural Salto, El Limón 2.8 km SSW of El Limón, 19°16.56'S 69°26.47'W, 160 m a.s.l.

Figure 1. 

Cercyon spp. n. a–c Cercyon gimmeli sp. n. d–f Cercyon armatipenis sp. n. g–i Cercyon taino sp. n. a, d, g dorsal habitus b, e, h ventral habitus c, f, i lateral habitus.

Holotype (male): “DOMINICAN REP.: Samaná, MN Salto El Limón 2.8 km SSW of El Limón; 19°16.56'S 69°26.47'W; 160 m; 2.ix.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel. DR29a // secondary vegetation and tiny remnants of forest among coffee plantations and pastures: in horse excrement” (NMPC) [DNA extract: MF1256.1]. Paratypes: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Samaná: same label data as the holotype (1 males, 1 female: NMPC; 1 male: BCPC; 1 male: CNC; 1 male: CNIN; 1 male: SBNM) [DNA extract: MF1256.2 in NMPC]. La Vega: “DOMINICAN REP.: La Vega, PN A. Bermúdez, 8 km W of Manabao, 19°4.05'N, 70°51.98'W, 1140 m, 22–26.viii.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel DR16 // montane broad-leaf forest: in cow and horse excrement” (2 males: NMPC). “DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Pr. La Vega La Cienaga de Manabao, Park Hdqt, 3-5-VII-1999, 3000 ft, R.E. Woodruff, blacklight” (1 male: FSCA). Monseñor Nouel: “DOMINICAN REP.: Msñ. Nouel, PN La Humeadora; 11.6km SSW, of Piedra Blanca; 18°44.92'N, 70°21.63'W; 636 m; 8.ix.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel DR41 // in horse excrement in moist broad-leaf forest in a valley of a small stony stream” (14 males, 2 females: NMPC; 1 male: BMNH; 1 male: CMN; 2 males: MNHNSD; 1 male: NHMW; 3 males: SBNM) [DNA extracts of both females: MF1217.1, MF1217.2 in NMPC]. Barahona: “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 26-VI/7-VII-1992: Woodruff & Skelley, flight trap” (2 males: FSCA; 2 males: NMPC). “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 26-VI/7-VII-1992: Woodruff, Skelley, Skillman. dung trap” (10 males: FSCA; 4 males: NMPC). “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 20-VII/26-VI-1992: Woodruff & Skelley, human dung” (7 males: FSCA). “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 26-VI/7-VII-1992: Woodruff, Skelley & Skillman, at light” (5 males: FSCA). “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 20-VII/26-VI-1992: Woodruff & Skelley, at day” (2 males: FSCA). DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 20-VII/26-VI-1992: Woodruff & Skelley, at light” (5 males: FSCA). “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 26-VI/7-VII-1992: Woodruff & Skelley, rat carrion” (1 male: FSCA). “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 26-VI/7-VII-1992: Skelley, day catch, beating” (1 male: FSCA).

Externally identical with other members of the Cercyon gimmeli species group, it may be only distinguished from them by the morphology of the aedeagus (Fig. 5a–d): parameres longer than the phallobase; median lobe without spines, narrowly parallel-sided, with rounded apex.

Body. (Fig. 1a–c) 2.8–3.5 mm long (length of holotype: 3.25 mm); long oval, 1.8–1.9× as long as wide, widest at basal fourth of elytra; moderately convex, 3.2× as long as high, (height of holotype: 1.05 mm). Coloration. Dorsal surface of head black, clypeus with widely yellowish anterolateral margins. Antennae and ventral surface of head, including mouthparts, brown, antennal club dark-brown. Pronotum black, with a wide, rather sharply defined creamy-white area along lateral margins, broader at anterior half. Prosternum and hypomeron brown, gradually turning black in posterior half. Elytra dark brown to black, with large, pale, rather sharply defined apical spot covering posterior quarter of elytral interval 1, and gradually larger portion on subsequent intervals up to posterior three–quarters of interval 9; two lateralmost intervals completely pale; apical area slightly darker (yellowish brown) posteriorly, with bright yellowish stripe or spots at least along its anterior border; basal portion of elytra with a pair of pale elongated dots at sides of scutellar shield. Ventral surface of mesothorax blackish to pitchy black. Metepisternum brown. Metaventrite brown with dusk anteromedial part. Abdomen brown, ventrites sometimes with dusky marks on anterior margin. Legs yellow to brown ventrally, dorsally with black markings on femora.

Head. Clypeus with rather sparse and shallow punctation consisting of crescent-shaped setiferous punctures intermixed with denser, smaller and rather transverse non–setiferous punctures; interstices without microsculpture. Anterior margin of clypeus with a narrow bead. Frontoclypeal suture conspicuous as a zone without punctuation, vanished in middle. Frons with punctation similar to that on clypeus, punctures of same shape all over, slightly sparser on sides; interstices without microsculpture. Eyes rather small; interocular distance about 6× the width of one eye in dorsal view. Labrum membranous, nearly completely concealed under clypeus, only with narrowly exposed sinuate anterior margin. Mentum (Fig. 8a) subtrapezoid, widest at posterior fourth, about 2.1× wider than long, 1.3× wider at widest part than at anterior margin, concave in anterior half, with a shallow transverse impression anteromesally; surface glabrous, punctures rather small and shallow, almost vanishing anteromessally, interstices without microsculpture. Antenna with 9 antennomeres, scapus ca. 1.7× as long antennomeres 2–6 combined; antennal club moderately elongate, about twice as long as wide, about as 1.1× as long as scapus; antennomere 9 acuminate at apex.

Prothorax. Pronotum transverse, widest at base 2.1–2.2× wider than long; 1.8× wider at base than between anterior angles, 1.8× wider than head including eyes, as convex as elytra in lateral view. Punctation moderately dense and shallow, consisting of crescent-shaped setiferous punctures intermixed with denser, smaller and rather transverse non–setiferous punctures; punctures slightly feebler on sides. Prosternum (Fig. 8b) strongly tectiform medially, medial ridge thickened in anterior half, forming a large rounded knob in lateral view (Fig. 8c). Antennal grooves distinct, with lateral margin curved, slightly feebler anteriorly.

Pterothorax. Scutellar shield 1.1× as long as wide, sparsely punctured. Elytra widest at anterior fifth, 2.55–2.85× as long as pronotum, 1.25–1.35× as wide as pronotum; surface glabrous (Fig. 8d), with 10 series of punctures; series 6, 8 and 9 not reaching elytral base, serial punctures getting slightly larger laterally; intervals moderately convex; punctation of interval 1 and odd intervals composed of crescent-shaped setiferous punctures intermixed with denser, smaller and rather transverse non–setiferous punctures; even intervals with non-setiferous punctures only; all interstices without microsculpture. Humeral bulge indistinct. Mesoventral plate (Fig. 8f) narrowly elongate, ca. 5.7× as long as wide, widest at midlength, gradually and symmetrically narrowing posteriad and anteriad to pointed apices, posterior tip slightly overlapping over anterior portion of metaventrite; surface with few sparsely arranged coarse punctures. Metaventrite with narrow median raised pentagonal area (Fig. 8g), 1.1× as long as wide at widest portion, glabrous, weakly and sparsely punctuate, punctures with fine setae at least along margins of elevation, with bare area not reaching anterior margin; femoral lines absent; lateral parts of metaventrite densely covered by short pubescence.

Legs. Femora with sparse rather shallow punctures ventrally, interstices with weak microsculpture at bases, consisting of longitudinal lines; tibial grooves distinct. Tibiae with rather large lateral spines. Metatibiae moderately narrow and elongate, slightly bent outwards, 0.3–0.4× as long as elytra, 5.3× as long as wide. Metatarsus long, 0.9× as long as metatiba, with few short but rather stout setae ventrally.

Abdomen with five ventrites, first abdominal ventrite about as long as second and third ventrites combined, with distinct median longitudinal carina (Fig. 8h) narrowing posteriad, not projecting posteriorly in both sexes; fifth ventrite (Fig. 8i) with acuminate and very weakly bulged apex in both sexes.

Male genitalia. Median projection of sternite 9 (Fig. 5d) very narrow, shorter than lateral struts, without subapical setae. Aedeagus: Phallobase (Fig. 5a) distinctly shorter than parameres, asymmetrically narrowing basally, base widely rounded. Parameres narrow throughout, slightly widened apically, subsinuate on outer face near apex, apex pointed, with a couple of setae. Median lobe (Fig. 5b) narrow throughout, indistinctly narrowing apically; apex (Fig. 5c) rounded with finely truncate tip, gonopore moderately large, situated subapically; basal portion with dorsal plate narrow and simply bifid basally. Median projection of sternite 9 (Fig. 5a) very narrow, shorter than lateral struts, without subapical setae.

In some specimens the pale spots at sides of the scutellar shield are longer, almost reaching the second fourth of elytral length.

We are pleased to dedicate this species to Matthew L. Gimmel (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History), who participated in the expedition to the Dominican Republic and collected part of the type series of this species.

Dominican Republic: Barahona, La Vega, Monseñor Nouel, Samaná (Fig. 14a).

All specimens were collected in in broad-leaf tropical forests and coffee plantations and pastures, mainly on cow and horse dung, but also on human dung, rat carrion, at black-light or at day by beating.

GANTC013-17, GANTC014-17

BOLD:ADF5573

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157676345486243

Dominican Republic, Independencia Province, Parque Nacional Sierra de Neiba, 11.3 km NW of La Descubierta, 18°39.81'N, 71°46.17'W, 1650 m a.s.l.

Holotype (male): “DOMINICAN R.: Independencia, PN Sierra de Neiba, 11.3 km NW of La Descubierta; 1650 m, 18°39.81'N, 71°46.17'W; 18.viii.2014, Deler, Gimmel DR13 // disturbed montane cloud forest with many ferns and mosses: in cow excrement” (NMPC). Paratypes: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Independencia: same label data as the holotype (2 males: NMPC; 1 male: BMNH; 1 male: SBNM) [DNA extractions MF1264.5, MF1264.6 in NMPC].

Externally identical with other members of the Cercyon gimmeli species group, it may be only distinguished from them by the morphology of the aedeagus (Fig. 5i–l): parameres as long as phallobase; median lobe moderately wide basally, narrowing apicad, with spines in apical fifth, apex finely truncate.

Measurements. (Fig. 1d–f) 3.0–3.7 mm long (length of holotype: 3.45 mm); 1.8–1.9× as long as wide, 3.2× as long as high (height of holotype: 1.15 mm).

Conforming to the description of C. gimmeli, with the following differences: Pterothorax. Punctation of even intervals consisting of small non-setiferous punctures, but here and there with infrequent crescent-shaped larger setiferous punctures; only lateralmost elytral interval completely pale.

Male genitalia. Median projection of sternite 9 (Fig. 5l) moderately wide, slightly widening apically, with few subapical setae. Phallobase (Fig. 5i) as long as parameres, asymmetrically narrowing basally, base narrowly rounded. Parameres wide basally, gradually narrowing towards apex, sinuate on outer face near apex, apex rounded, with 3 apical and few subapical setae. Median lobe (Fig. 5j) wide basally, gradually narrowing towards apex; (Fig. 5k) apex finely truncate, with numerous backward-directed spines on dorsal and lateral surfaces; gonopore large, subapical; basal portion with dorsal plate simply bifid.

The species name is derived from Latin words armatus (armed) and penis (penis), in reference to the diagnostic character of this species, i.e. the apex of the median lobe armed by small spines.

Dominican Republic: Independencia (Fig. 15a).

Specimens were collected in cow dung in a cloud forest.

GANTC007-17 to GANTC009-17

BOLD:ADF5574

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157671656199632

Dominican Republic, Samaná Province, dam 2.5 km N of Samaná, 58 m a.s.l., 19°13.70'N, 69°19.85'W.

Holotype (male): “DOMINICAN REP.: Samaná, dam 2.5 km N of Samaná, 19°13.70'N, 69°19.85'W; 58 m, 5.ix.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel DR35 // in older cow excrements dampered by recent rains at the grassy bank of a reservoir” (NMPC) [DNA extract: MF1735]. Paratypes: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega: “DOMINICAN REP.: La Vega, PN Valle Nuevo, Salto Aguas Blancas; 18°50.60'N, 70°40.68'W; 1655 m; 25.viii.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel DR21 // Sifting of moist leaf litter in small remnants of montane forest in a small ravine with a spring and on slopes just above the small river” (5 males: NMPC); “DOMINICAN REP.: La Vega, PN A. Bermúdez, 10.3 km W of Manabao, 19°4.37'N, 70°53.26'W, 1270 m, 26.viii.2014, M. Fikáček lgt. (DR22) (2 males: NMPC). Independencia: “DOMINICAN R.: Independencia, PN Sierra de Neiba, 11.3 km NW of La Descubierta; 1650 m, 18°39.81'N, 71°46.17'W; 18.viii.2014, Deler, Gimmel DR13 // disturbed montane cloud forest with many ferns and mosses: in cow excrement” (1 male: NMPC; 1 male: BMNH; 1 male: SBNM) [DNA extract: MF 1264.1 in NMPC].

Externally identical with other members of the Cercyon gimmeli species group, it may be only distinguished from them by the morphology of the aedeagus (Fig. 5e–g): parameres shorter than phallobase; median lobe without spines, narrowly parallel–sided, pointed at apex.

Measurements. (Fig. 1g–i) 2.8–3.5 mm long (length of holotype: 3.35 mm); 1.8–1.9× as long as wide, 3.2× as long as high (height of holotype: 1.10 mm).

Conforming with description of C. gimmeli, with the following differences: Pterothorax. Punctation of even intervals consisting of small non-setiferous punctures, but here and there with infrequent crescent-shaped larger setiferous punctures; only lateralmost elytral interval completely pale.

Male genitalia. Median projection of sternite 9 (Fig. 5h) moderately wide, slightly widening apically, with few subapical setae. Phallobase (Fig. 5e) longer than parameres, asymmetrically narrowing basally, base widely rounded. Parameres narrow throughout, slightly narrowing towards apex, weakly sinuate on outer face near apex, apex rounded, with one apical and one subapical seta. Median lobe (Fig. 5f) narrowly parallel-sided throughout, apically narrowing into pointed apex (Fig. 5g), apex without spines, gonopore minute, subapical; basal portion with dorsal plate simply bifid.

The new species is named after the indigenous Taíno people inhabiting the Greater Antilles including Hispaniola before and at the time of the arrival of Europeans.

Dominican Republic (Samaná, La Vega, Independencia) (Fig. 15b).

Examined specimens and the associated larvae (see below) were collected from leaf litter of montane forests and from cow dung.

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157669507211493

Jamaica, Saint Thomas Parish, Corn Puss Gap, 6.44 km N of Bath. 640 m a.s.l.

Figure 2. 

Cercyon spp. a–c Cercyon sklodowskae sp. n. d–f Cercyon floridanus Horn g–i Cercyon praetextatus Say a, d, g dorsal habitus b, e, h ventral habitus c, f, i lateral habitus.

Holotype (male): “JAM., St. Thomas, Corn Puu Gap [sic!, = Corn Puss Gap], 2100’, 4mi. N, Bath, 3-8.VIII.1974, S. Peck, dung” (CNC). Paratypes: JAMAICA: St. Thomas: same data as the holotype (1 female: CNC; 1 female: NMPC); “JAM., St. Thomas, Corn Puss Gap, 2100”, 4mi. N, Bath, 3.viii.74, S. Peck, DT16-20” (1 male: CNC); “JAM., St. Thomas P. Portland Gap, 5500‘,17.XII.72-1.I.73, S&J Peck, cloud for., dung&carrion tr.” (1 male, 1 female: CNC); “JAM., St. Thomas P., Portland Gap, 17.XII.72-1.II.73, S & J Peck (1 female: CNC); “JAM., St. Thomas, below Port. Gap, 1-5.VIII.1974, 4500”, S. Peck, dung trap 12” (1 female: CNC).

Cercyon sklodowskae sp. n. can be easily differentiated from other Greater-Antilles Cercyon species by the following combination of characters: body size 3.1–3.5 mm; dorsal surface of head black with yellowish anterolateral margins of clypeus; pronotum black with sharply defined yellowish areas at lateral margins (Fig. 2c); elytra (Fig. 2a) black, with large apical spot covering posterior third; medial ridge of prosternum anteriorly forming a small rounded to weakly pointed projection (Fig. 10c); mesoventral plate (Fig. 10f) narrow, ca. 5.8× as long as wide; metaventrite (Fig. 10g) without femoral lines, with narrow raised pentagonal area, 1.2× as long as wide; first abdominal ventrite without spiniform process in both sexes (Fig. 10h); apex of fifth abdominal ventrite with a triangular projection in females (Fig. 10i); aedeagus with very short parameres (Fig. 5m), median lobe (Fig. 5o) covered with spines in apical third.

C. sklodowskae may be confused with C. praetextatus (Say) and Cercyon floridanus Horn and the members of C. gimmeli species group. It can be distinguished from C. praetextatus and C. floridanus by the head with widely yellowish clypeal margin and yellow coloration of elytra expanded basally (clypeus black and basal part of elytra only narrowly yellow in C. praetextatus and C. floridanus) and by much narrower mesoventral plate (5.8× as long as wide in C. sklodowskae, 1.9× as long as wide in C. floridanus and 3.3× in C. praetextatus). It differs from members of C. gimmeli group by the mesoventral plate reaching anterior part of metaventrite (not reaching anterior margin in C. gimmeli group), only a small rounded process of median prosternal ridge (large rounded knob in C. gimmeli group), straight metatibia (slightly curved outside in C. gimmeli group), and last abdominal ventrite in females forming a triangular projection (without projection in C. gimmeli group). It differs from all these species by the morphology of male genitalia; by the apically spinose median lobe it resembles C. armatipenis, but differs from it by parameres much shorter than phallobase.

Body. (Fig. 2a–c) 3.10–3.45 mm long (length of holotype: 3.29 mm); long oval, 1.8–1.9× as long as wide, widest at basal fourth of elytra; moderately convex, 2.8–3.0× as long as high, (height of holotype: 1.1 mm). Coloration. Dorsal surface of head blackish to pitchy black, clypeus with wide rather sharply defined yellowish area along anterolateral margins, slightly broader at sides. Ventral surface of head dark brown, almost black on sides. Antennae, mentum and mouthparts dark brown. Pronotum blackish to pitchy black, with narrowly brownish lateral margins, broader at anterolateral corners (Fig. 2c). Prosternum and hypomeron black, with darker anterolateral margins. Elytron (Fig. 2a) black, with large, pale, rather sharply defined apical spot covering posterior quarter of elytral interval 1 and gradually larger portion on subsequent intervals up to posterior three–quarters on interval 9, lateralmost interval completely yellowish to dark brown; apical spot slightly darker (yellowish-brown) posteriorly, with lighter brown spots at least along its anterior border. Ventral surface of mesothorax (Fig. 2b) blackish to pitchy black. Metepisternum dark brown. Metaventrite black with darker anteromedial part and anterior margins. Abdomen black, posteromedial margins and anterolateral corners of ventrites darker. Legs dark brown.

Head. Clypeus with moderately dense and shallow punctation consisting of crescent-shaped punctures intermixed with denser, slightly smaller and rather transverse punctures; interstices without microsculpture. Anterior margin of clypeus with a narrow bead. Frontoclypeal suture conspicuous as a zone without punctation, vanishing mesally. Frons with punctation similar to that on clypeus, punctures sparser on sides; interstices without microsculpture. Eyes rather small; interocular distance about 6× the width of one eye in dorsal view. Labrum membranous, nearly completely concealed under clypeus, only with narrowly exposed sinuate anterior margin. Mentum (Fig. 10a) subtrapezoid, widest at posterior fourth, about 2.1× wider than long, 1.4× wider at widest part than at anterior margin, concave in anterior half, strongly emarginated anteromesally; surface glabrous, punctures rather small, shallow and sparse, almost vanishing anteromesally, interstices without microsculpture. Antenna with 9 antennomeres, scapus ca. 1.9× as long antennomeres 2–6 combined; antennal club moderately elongate, about twice as long as wide, about as 1.2× as long as scapus; antennomere 9 acuminate at apex.

Prothorax. Pronotum transverse, widest at base 2.1–2.2× wider than long; 1.6–1.7× wider at base than between front angles, 1.7× wider than head including eyes, as convex as the elytra in lateral view. Punctation (Fig. 10b) moderately dense and shallow, consisting of crescent-shaped punctures intermixed with denser, slightly smaller and rather transverse punctures; punctures slightly feebler on sides. Prosternum strongly tectiform medially, medial ridge (Fig. 10c) weakly thickened anteriad, forming a small rounded to slightly pointed process. Antennal grooves distinct, with lateral margin curved, slightly feebler anteriad.

Pterothorax. Scutellar shield 1.25× as long as wide, sparsely punctured. Elytra widest at anterior fifth, 2.7–3.0× as long as pronotum, 1.2× as wide as pronotum, surface (Fig. 10d) glabrous, with 10 series of punctures; series 6, 8 and 9 not reaching elytral base, serial punctures of same size in all series; intervals moderately convex; interval punctation composed by crescent-shaped punctures intermixed with denser, slightly smaller and rather transverse punctures in all intervals. Humeral bulge indistinct. Mesoventral plate (Fig. 10f) narrowly elongate, ca. 5.8× as long as wide, widest in anterior two-fifths, more strongly narrowing towards anterior apex which is pointed, posterior tip rounded, slightly overlapping over anterior portion of metaventrite; surface with a few sparse coarse punctures. Metaventrite (Fig. 10g) with narrow raised pentagonal area, 1.2× longer than wide, glabrous, weakly and sparsely punctuate, punctures with fine setae at least along margins of the elevation; bare elevated area reaching anterior margin of metaventrite; punctures absent at two slightly elongate areas in the center; femoral lines absent; lateral parts of metaventrite densely covered by short pubescence.

Legs. Femora with sparse rather shallow punctures ventrally, interstices with weak microsculpture consisting of longitudinal lines; tibial grooves distinct. Tibiae with rather small lateral spines. Metatibiae moderately narrow and elongate, straight, 0.3–0.4× as long as elytra, 5.3× as long as wide. Metatarsus long, 0.9× as long as metatibia, with short rather stout setae ventrally.

Abdomen. With five ventrites, first abdominal ventrite (Fig. 10h) about as long as the second and third ventrites combined, with distinct median longitudinal carina narrowing posteriad, not projecting posteriorly in both sexes; fifth ventrite with acuminate apex, weakly bulged in males and with a triangularly bulged apical projection in females (Fig. 10i).

Genitalia. Sternite 9 (Fig. 5p) asymmetrical basally, median process narrow, ca. as long as lateral struts, acuminate at apex, without subapical setae. Phallobase (Fig. 5m) almost twice as long as parameres, asymmetrically narrowing at base, base narrowly rounded and hooked. Parameres continuously narrowing apically, apex pointed, with two minute setae. Median lobe (Fig. 5n) widest in apical third, slightly narrowing towards base, continuously narrowing in apical third; apex (Fig. 5o) acuminate with rounded tip, apical part with numerous spines directed backwards; gonopore moderately large, subapical; basal portion with dorsal plate narrow and simply bifid basally.

We dedicate this species to the eminent physicist and chemist Marie Skłodowska-Curie, on whose honor the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions program of the European Union, funding this research, is named.

Jamaica: Saint Thomas (Fig. 15b).

The specimens were collected on dung and using dung and carrion-baited traps in cloud forests.

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157676249653654

Florida (without specific locality).

CAYMAN ISLANDS: Grand Cayman: blacklight trap, vi.1992, leg. blacklight trap (1 male; FSCA), blacklight trap, vi.1992, lgt. P. Fitzgerald (1: FSCA); Queen Elizabeth Botanic Garden, blacklight trap, 28.v.2009, leg. Thomas, Turnbow & Ball (1: FSCA); Georgetown, blacklight, 30.iii.1973. E.J. Gerberg (1: FSCA).

GRAND CAYMAN: 3 km W Colliers, 19°21'N, 81°07'W (Thomas et al. 2013).

Body size 2.35–2.70 mm; dorsal surface of head (Fig. 2d) completely black, pronotum black sometimes with undefined piceous areas at lateral margins; elytra black (Figs 2d, f), with large rather sharply-defined yellowish to reddish-yellow lateroapical areas reaching apex lateralmost interval, medial ridge of prosternum anteriorly very weakly projected ventrally; mesoventral plate (Fig. 7d) very wide, ca. 1.9× as long as wide; metaventrite (Fig. 7d) without femoral lines, with broad raised pentagonal area (about 0.67× as long as wide) with large, deep and semicircular punctures; first abdominal ventrite without spiniform process in both sexes; apex of fifth ventrite without triangularly bulged projection at apex in both sexes; aedeagus (Fig. 7a) with parameres slightly shorter than phallobase, sinuately widened and bearing long setae at apex; median lobe widest at midlegth, narrowing to very finely truncate apex, without spines. For complete description see Smetana (1978).

Cercyon floridanus is part of the C. tristis group according to Smetana (1978) It resembles members of the C. gimmeli species group, C. sklodowskae sp. n. and C. praetextatus. Besides of the features of the aedeagus (Fig. 7a–c), it can be easily distinguished from them by the distinctly by the smallersize (2.35–2.70 mm), wider mesoventral plate (1.9× as long as wide in C. floridanus, 3.3–5.8× as long as wide in the other species). Besides that, females of C. floridanus lack the triangular projection on the apex of the fifth abdominal ventrite (present in C. sklodowskae), has a very small process of mid-prosternal ridge (large in C. gimmeli species group), and almost straight metatibia (curved in C. gimmeli species group).

Cercyon floridanus is distributed in the southeastern USA, mainly in Florida, but rare records are also known from Georgia, Louisiana and Mississippi (Smetana 1978). In the Greater Antilles it is only known from Cayman Islands, from where it was first reported by Thomas et al. (2013) under the name “C. floridanuus Smetana” (Fig. 16a).

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157669492876764

USA, “Cambridge” (based on neotype designated by Smetana 1978).

Greater Antillean specimens studied. CUBA: Santiago de Cuba: Dos Caminos, farm field, MV lights, 20.18043°N, 75.77806°W, 165 m, 23.iii.2013, leg. A. Smith & A. Deler-Hernández (1 spec.: NMPC). Cienfuegos: Cumanayagua municipality, JBC [= Jardín Botánico de Cienfuegos], Soledad, 22°7'18.44"N, 80°19'35.26"W, 3.x.2012, leg. A. Deler-Hernández (1 spec.: NMPC). CAYMAN ISLANDS: Grand Cayman: black-light trap, 17.v.1992, leg. P. Fitzgerald (1 spec.: FSCA). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega Prov.: Jarabacoa, 440 m a.s.l., riverside, UV light, 24.vii.-2.viii.1995, leg. S. & J. Peck (3 spec.: CMN). La Ciénega de Manabao, Park Headquarters, 915 m a.s.l. black-light, 3-5.vii.1999, leg. R.E. Woodruff (1 spec.: FSCA).

CUBA: Habana Province: Laguna de Ariguanabo (Spangler 1981). JAMAICA: without precise locality (Smetana 1978).

Body size 2.7–4.1 mm; dorsal surface of head (Fig. 2g) black, with a pair of small reddish-brown spots on vertex, sometimes fused to one spot; pronotum black with sharply defined yellowish to reddish areas at anterolateral corners, sometimes extending to complete lateral margins; elytra black, with large sharply-defined yellowish to reddish-yellow lateroapical area reaching about apical fourth, laterally reaching elytral base in lateralmost interval, yellow spot not extended to humeral area basally; medial ridge of prosternum anteriorly forming a small rounded to slightly pointed process; mesoventral plate (Fig. 13a) wide, ca. 3.3× as long as wide; metaventrite (Fig. 13b) without femoral lines, with narrow raised pentagonal area (ca. as long as wide); first abdominal ventrite without spiniform process in both sexes; apex of fifth ventrite without triangularly bulged projection at apex in both sexes; aedeagus (Fig. 6a–c) with parameres almost twice as long as phallobase, sinuately widened and bearing long setae at apex; median lobe widest at midlegth, narrowing to pointed apex, without spines. For complete description see Smetana (1978).

This species was assigned to the C. marinus group according to Smetana (1978). By the coloration of pronotum and elytra (Fig. 2g, i), C. praetextatus may be confused with members of the C. gimmeli species group and with C. sklodowskae sp. n. Besides of the features of the aedeagus (Fig. 6a–c), it can be easily distinguished from them by the distinctly wider mesoventral plate (3.3× as long as wide in C. praetextatus, 5.7–5.8× as long as wide in the other species) and the yellow stripe along lateral margin of elytra not expanding basally. Besides of that, females of C. praetextatus lack the triangular projection on the apex of the fifth abdominal ventrite (present in C. sklodowskae), has a very small process of mid-prosternal ridge (large in C. gimmeli species group), and almost straight metatibia (curved in C. gimmeli species group).

Cercyon praetextatus is widely distributed in North America (southern Canada, USA, Mexico; Smetana 1978; Ryndevich 2004) and reaches to Central America (Guatemala, Costa Rica; Smetana 1978) and to the Caribbean (Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Smetana 1978, Spangler 1981, this paper); it has also been introduced to Argentina (Fikáček 2009). We report it here from Dominican Republic (La Vega Province) and the Cayman Islands for the first time (Fig. 15c).

This species seems to prefer wet environments, living primarily on many kind of organic debris, like decomposing plant remnants, carrion and dung (Smetana 1978). In Cuba and the Dominican Republic this species has been attracted to light.

GANTC010-17

BOLD:ADF5572

Figures in Flickr: www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157671689463811

Dominican Republic, Monseñor Nouel Province, Parque Nacional La Humeadora; 11.6 km SSW of Piedra Blanca, 636 m a.s.l., 18°44.92'N, 70°21.63'W.

Figure 3. 

Cercyon spp. a–c Cercyon spiniventris sp. n. d–f Cercyon nigriceps Marsham g–i Cercyon quisquilius Linnaeus a, d, g dorsal habitus b, e, h ventral habitus c, f, i lateral habitus.

Holotype (male): “DOMINICAN REP.: Msñ. Nouel, PN La Humeadora; 11.6km SSW, of Piedra Blanca; 18°44.92'N, 70°21.63'W; 636 m; 8.ix.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel DR41 // in horse excrement in moist broad-leaf forest in a valley of a small stony stream” (NMPC) [DNA extract: MF1216.1]. Paratypes: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Barahona: “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 26-VI/7-VII-1992: Woodruff, Skelley, Skillman. dung trap (1 males: FSCA). “DOMINICAN REP.: Prov. Barahona. nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine: 26-VI/7-VII-1992: Woodruff & Skelley, rat carrion” (2 females: FSCA). Monseñor Nouel: same data as the holotype (7 males, 3 females, 12 spec.: NMPC; 2 males: BCPC; 2 males: BMNH; 2 males: CNC; 3 males: CNIN; 3 males: NHMW; 4 males, 1 female: SBNM; 3 males: SBP; 2 ZMUC). Duarte: “DOMINICAN REP.: Duarte. 9.1 km SW of El Factor, slope above La Factoria; 19°15.30'N, 69°56.52'W; 255 m; 4.ix.2014. Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel DR32 // area with cocoa plantations and small remnants of forests at very steep slopes: in horse excrement” (2 males: NMPC). Independencia: “DOMINICAN R.: Independencia, PN Sierra de Neiba, 11.3 km NW of La Descubierta; 1650 m, 18°39.81'N, 71°46.17'W; 18.viii.2014, Deler,Gimmel DR13 // disturbed montane cloud forest with many ferns and mosses: in cow excrement” (2 males, 4 females, 1 spec.: NMPC). La Vega: “DOMINICAN REP.: La Vega, PN A. Bermúdez, 8 km W of Manabao, 19°4.05'N, 70°51.98'W, 1140 m, 22-26.viii.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel DR16 // montane broad-leaf forest: in cow and horse excrement” (12 males, 15 females: NMPC; 1 male: BMNH; 1 male: CNIN; 2 males: FSCA; 1 male: MNHNSD; 3 males, 2 females: SBNM) [DNA extraction of one male: MF1753 in NMPC]; “DOM. REP; La Vega Prov., 10km NE Jarabacoa, Hotel Montana, forest, 18.VII-4.VIII.95, 550m, FIT, S.+J. Peck, 95-30” (2 females: CMN); “DOM. REP; La Vega Prov., PN. A. Bermudez, Cienaga, 19.VII-2.VIII.95, 1000m, trop.evgrn.for., FIT, S.+J. Peck, 95-32” (2 females: CMN); “DOM. REP; La Vega Prov., PN. A. Bermudez, Cienaga, 19.VII-2.VIII.95, 1020m, trop.evgrn.for., FIT, S.+J. Peck, 95-34” (1 male: CMN); “DOM. REP; La Vega Prov., PN. A. Bermudez, Cienaga, 21.-24.VII.95, 1000m, for. carrion trap, S.+J. Peck, 95-38” (1 female: CMN). Samaná: “DOMINICAN REP.: Samaná, MN Salto El Limón 2.8 km SSW of El Limón; 19°16.56'S 69°26.47'W; 160 m; 2.ix.2014, Deler, Fikáček, Gimmel. DR29a // secondary vegetation and tiny remnants of forest among coffee plantations and pastures: in horse excrement” (3 males, 3 females: NMPC).

Body size 3.4–4.1 mm; dorsal surface of head black with yellowish anterolateral margins of clypeus (Fig. 3a); pronotum homogeneously light brown, elytra greyish-brown; medial ridge of prosternum anteriorly with a small rounded process (Fig. 11c); mesoventral plate narrow, ca. 5.9× as long as wide; metaventrite (Fig. 11f) without femoral lines; raised pentagonal area of metaventrite moderately wide, 0.9× as long as wide; first abdominal ventrite with an spiniform process in females (Fig. 11h), without process in males; apex of fifth abdominal ventrite without apical triangular projection in both sexes (Fig. 11i); aedeagus with parameres about as long as phallobase (Fig. 6e), median lobe narrowly parallel-sided, acute at apex, without spines.

Cercyon spiniventris somewhat resembles C. nigriceps by the dorsal coloration pattern (predominantly black head and rather homogeneously brown pronotum and elytra); it can be easily distinguished from C. nigriceps by much larger body size (3.4–4.1 mm in C. spiniventris, 1.0–2.1 mm in C. nigriceps) and by the lack of femoral lines on the metaventrite (present in C. nigriceps). Cercyon spiniventris is unique among Caribbean Cercyon species by a presence of a long spiniform process in the first abdominal ventrite of females.

Body (Fig. 3a–c). 3.4–4.0 mm long (length of holotype: 3.5 mm); moderately short-oval, 1.8–1.9× as long as wide, widest at basal fourth of elytra; moderately convex, 2.9–3.0× as long as high (height of holotype: 1.15 mm). Coloration. Dorsal surface of head blackish to pitchy black, clypeus with wide rather sharply defined yellowish area along anterolateral margins, broader at sides. Antennae and ventral surface of head black, mentum with posterior half yellowish brown, mouthparts and antenna yellowish brown, antennal club dark-brown. Pronotum light brown. Prosternum yellowish-brown with posterior half black, hypomeron brown with large black marks on posterior third, and close to the yellowish-brown lateral margins. Elytra dark greyish-brown, with lateral and anterior margins, apex and epipleura slightly paler. Ventral surface of mesothorax blackish to pitch-black, with procoxal rests and mesoventral plate brown. Metepisternum black. Metaventrite black with paler raised anteromedial part. Abdomen black, posteromedial margins and anterolateral corners of ventrites brownish. Legs brown, femora dorsally black.

Head. Clypeus with dense and moderately deep punctation consisting of crescent-shaped setiferous punctures intermixed with denser, smaller and rather transverse non-setiferous punctures; interstices without microsculpture. Anterior margin of clypeus with a narrow bead. Frontoclypeal suture conspicuous as a zone without punctuation, vanished mesally. Frons with punctation similar to that on clypeus, punctures of same shape all over; interstices without microsculpture. Eyes rather small; interocular distance about 5.4× the width of one eye in dorsal view. Labrum membranous, nearly completely concealed under clypeus, only with narrowly exposed sinuate anterior margin. Mentum (Fig. 11a) subtrapezoid, widest at posterior fourth, about 2× wider than long, 1.5× wider at widest part than at anterior margin, weakly concave in anterior half; surface glabrous, punctures large and deep, becoming coarser anteromesally, interstices on anterior half with transverse depressions near each puncture. Antenna with 9 antennomeres, scapus ca. 1.8× as long as antennomeres 2–6 combined; antennal club moderately elongate, about twice as long as wide, about as 1.2× as long as scapus; antennomere 9 acuminate at apex.

Prothorax. Pronotum transverse, widest at base 2.1–2.3× wider than long; 1.7× wider at base than between anterior angles, 1.8× wider than head including eyes, as convex as elytra in lateral view. Punctation rather dense and moderately deep, consisting of crescent-shaped setiferous punctures intermixed with denser, smaller and rather transverse non-setiferous punctures; punctures slightly feebler on sides. Prosternum (Fig. 11b–c) strongly tectiform medially, medial ridge very weakly thickened anteriad, forming a small rounded process. Antennal grooves distinct, with lateral margin curved, feebler anteriad.

Pterothorax. Scutellar shield about as long as wide, moderately densely punctured. Elytra widest at anterior fifth, 2.7–2.9× as long as pronotum, 1.1–1.2× as wide as pronotum, surface (Fig. 10d) glabrous, with 10 series of punctures; series 6, 8 and 9 not reaching elytral base, serial punctures of same size in all series; intervals moderately convex; interval punctation composed of crescent-shaped setiferous punctures intermixed with denser, smaller and rather tranverse non-setiferous punctures; setiferous punctures present on all intervals; interstices without microsculpture. Humeral bulge indistinct. Mesoventral plate (Fig. 11f) narrowly elongate, ca. 5.9× as long as wide, widest at midlength, gradually and symmetrically narrowing to pointed apices, posterior tip slightly overlapping over anterior part of metaventrite; surface with coarse punctures. Metaventrite (Fig. 11g) without femoral lines, raised pentagonal area wide, 0.8× as long as wide at widest portion, glabrous, rather weakly and sparsely punctate, punctures with fine setae at least along margins of elevation, punctures absent at two slightly elongate areas in the center, bare area not reaching anterior margin of metaventrite mesally; lateral parts of metaventrite densely covered by short pubescence.

Legs. Femora with sparse rather shallow punctures ventrally, interstices with weak granulose microsculpture; tibial grooves distinct. Tibiae with moderately large lateral spines. Metatibiae moderately narrow and elongate, slightly bent outwards, 0.4× as long as elytra, 6.0× as long as wide. Metatarsus moderately long, 0.7–0.8× as long as metatibia, with short rather stout setae ventrally.

Abdomen with five ventrites, first abdominal ventrite longer than second and third ventrites combined, with long setae in medial third, median longitudinal carina present, slightly narrowing posteriad, not projecting posteriorly in males, projecting posteriad as a short spine in females (Fig. 11h); ventrite 5 with acuminate apex in both sexes.

Genitalia. Median projection of sternite 9 (Fig. 6h) rounded apically, without subapical setae, median portion narrowing posteriorly, shorter than lateral struts. Phallobase (Fig. 6e) about as long as parameres, asymmetrically narrowing basally, base acuminate and slightly hooked. Parameres weakly narrowing apically, subsinuate near apex, apex pointed apically. Median lobe (Fig. 6f) narrow, parallel-sided throughout, apex acuminate, gonopore moderately large, situated subapically; basal portion with dorsal horseshoe-shaped plate, base bifid. throughout, apex acuminate, gonopore moderately large, situated subapically; basal portion with dorsal horseshoe-shaped plate, base bifid.

The name of this species is derived from Latin words spina (spine) and venter (underside), in reference to the spine-like process on the first abdominal ventrite of females.

Dominican Republic: Duarte, Independencia, La Vega, Monseñor Nouel, Samaná (Fig. 16a).

Most of the specimens were collected in cow and horse dung in tropical forest and surrounding pastures.

GANTC015-17

BOLD:AAO0116

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157671425572500

“Britannia” [= Great Britain, without specified locality].

CAYMAN ISLANDS: Cayman Brac: black-light trap, 06.vi.2008, lgt. R.H. Turnbow & B.K. Dozier (3 spec.: FSCA); Agricultural Exp. Sta. S. Of Songbird Dr., black-light trap, 04.vii.2013, leg. M.C. Thomas (3 spec.: FSCA); CUBA: Cienfuegos: Cumanayagua municipality, 22°7'18.44"N, 80°19'35.26"W, 722 m, 21.v.2013 (1 spec.: NMPC). Guantánamo: El Yunque, 0.5-1.0 km W of Campismo Popular, 20°20.1'N, 74°33.6'W, 40–50 m. 10.vi.2012, leg. Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (MF01) (8 spec.: NMPC). Holguín: Mayarí municipality, Feltón, 20°43'7.92"N, 75°37'59.19"W, 23.iii.2013, leg. Deler-Hernández (28: NMPC). Santiago de Cuba: El Vivero, 1.6 km E of Dos Caminos, 20°10.8'N, 75°46.4'W, 150 m, 20-21.vi.2012, leg. Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (MF18) (54 spec.: NMPC) [DNA extract: MF604]; San Luis Municipality, Dos Caminos, 20°10'57.82"N, 75°46'40.84"W, leg. Deler-Hernández (16 spec.: NMPC). Artemisa: Cañon de Santa Cruz, Río de Santa Cruz, 22°45'1.29"N 83°08'56.36"W, 199 m a.s.l., 16.vii.2016, leg. A. Deler-Hernández (8 spec.: NMPC) [DNA extraction: MF1750]. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Samaná: Samaná, dam 2.5 km N of Samaná, in older cow excrements dampered by recent rains at the grassy bank of a reservoir, 19°13.70'N, 69°19.85'W, 58 m a.s.l., 5.ix.2014, leg. Deler, Fikáček & Gimmel (DR35) (3 spec.: NMPC); MN Salto El Limón 2.8 km SSW of El Limón, secondary vegetation and tiny remnants of forests among coffee plantations and pastures, cow excrements, 19°16.56'N, 69°26.47'W, 2.ix.2014, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Gimmel (DR29a) (1 spec.: NMPC). La Altagracia: Nisibon, Black-light trap, 03.v.1978, lgt. R.E. Woodruff & G.B. Fairchild (2 spec.: FSCA); La Vega: 7.0 km W of Manabao, side of a stony stream in a valley with scattered houses and plantations surrounded by montane forest, in cow excrement, 19°04.56'N, 70°51.46'W, 1185 m a.s.l., 23.viii.2014, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Gimmel (1 spec.: NMPC). Monseñor Nouel: PN La Humeadora; 11.6 km SSW, of Piedra Blanca, in horse excrement in moist broad-leaf forest in a valley of a small stony stream, 18°44.92'N, 70°21.63'W, 636 m a.s.l., 8.ix.2014, leg. Deler, Fikáček & Gimmel (DR41) (2 spec.: NMPC). Monte Cristi: 8.2 km. N Villa Elisa, 01.vi.1994, leg. R. Turnbow (1 spec.: FSCA). San Pedro de Macoris: Juan Dolio, at light, 10.-18.xii.2005, leg. Fencl (15 spec.: NMPC). HAITI: Artibonite: Montrouis, black-light trap, 05.vii.1977, leg. J.H. Frank (2 spec.: FSCA). PUERTO RICO: Naguabo: El Yunque National Forest (southern part), 3.45 km N of Río Blanco at road PR191, in horse excrements on exposed small pasture on the slope of El Yunque massive, 18°14.8'N, 65°47.9'W, 170 m a.s.l., 24.vi.2016, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Seidel (PR2a) (17 spec. NMPC) [DNA extraction of one specimen: MF1732]; El Yunque National Forest (southern part), 4.9 km N iof Río Blanco, margin of the rainforest in an area with many flowering Etlingera elatior plants, FIT, 18°15.8'N, 65°47.3'W, 495 m a.s.l., 24.vi.-2.vii.2016, leg. Fikáček & Seidel (PR11)(1 spec.: NMPC). Arecibo: small settlement in Bosque Estatal Río Abajo, small settlement in the middle of the lowland forest, horse excrement, 18°19.7'N, 66°42.1'W, 340 m a.s.l., 27.vi.2016, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Seidel (PR15) (13 spec.: NMPC). Cabo Rojo: Boquerón, black light, 18°13.11'N, 67°10.96'W, 5-6.x.2011, leg. A. Segarra (7 spec.: UPRM). Rio Grande: El Verde Biological Station, at light, 26.v.1994, leg. R. Turnbow (2 spec.: FSCA). Lesser Antilles: ANTIGUA: Christian valley, blacklight trap, 19.viii.1991, leg. FAO insect survey (1 spec.: SBP); same locality and collector, 26.vii.1991 (1 spec.: SBP); same locality and collector, 29.x.1991 (3 spec.: SBP); same locality and collector, 14.-15.ix.1991 (1 spec.: SBP). GRENADA: St. Andrew, Mirabeu Agriculture Lab, light trap, 9.iv.1990, leg. J. Telesford (1 spec.: SBP). SAINT LUCIA: Vieux Fort, horse dung sifting, 13°43.9'N 60°53.9'W, 3 m a.s.l., 12.vii.2007, S & J. Peck (07-60) (2 spec.: SBP); Mon Repos, Fox Grove lnn, UV light, 13°51.8'N, 60°54.4'W, 90 m a.s.l., 8.-18.vii.2007, leg. S. & J. Peck (07-50) (1 spec.: SBP). Soufriere, Rechette Pt. 11.VII.1980, leg. L.S. Mahunka (59 spec.: HNHM). SAINT VINCENT & THE GRENADINES: St. Vincent: Emerald Valley Hotel E of Layou, horse dung, 13°12.0'N, 61°14.8'W, 20 m a.s.l., 24.viii.2006, S. & J. Peck (06-120) (3 spec.: SBP); same locality, UV light at forest edge, 27.-29.viii.2006, leg. S. & J. Peck (06-123) (1 spec.: SBP). Union Island: Chatham Bay, Water Rock Reserve, UV traps in tall forest, 12°36.18'N, 61°26.59'W, 125 m a.s.l.,16.viii.2009, leg. S. Peck (09-64) (2 spec.: SBP); Campbell Miss Irene Reserve, high canopy thorn forest, 12°35.44'N, 61°27.34'W, 85 m a.s.l., 18.viii.2009, leg. S. Peck (09-66) (1 spec.: SBP).

CUBA: Matanzas: Cárdenas (as C. centrimaculatum, Gundlach 1891); without precise locality (as C. centrimaculatum, de la Sagra 1857). JAMAICA: without precise locality (Leng and Mutchler 1917). Trelawny: Good Hope; Duncans (Fikáček 2009). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Pedernales: 4 km W of Oviedo (Fikáček 2009). GUADELOUPE: without precise locality (Leng and Mutchler 1914); Peck et al. 2014). MONTSERRAT: without precise locality (Peck et al. 2014).

Body size 1.0–2.1 mm; dorsal surface of head black; pronotum (Fig. 3d) reddish brown, rarely with a vaguely darker central area; elytra uniformly reddish-brown, rarely with a vaguely darker central area; mesoventral plate (Fig. 13c) narrow, ca. 6× as long as wide; metaventrite (Fig. 13d) with complete femoral lines; first abdominal ventrite without spiniform process of both sexes; apex of fifth ventrite without a triangularly bulged projection in both sexes; aedeagus with parameres twice as long as phallobase (Fig. 6i), median lobe (Fig. 6j) continuously acuminate, with long narrowly acute apex, without spines.

This species was assigned to C. nigriceps group (= C. atricapillus group) by Smetana (1978). Cercyon nigriceps can be distinguished from other species in the region by its small size and the presence of complete femoral lines on the metaventrite. It may be confused with representatives of the genus Oosternum by the small body size and coloration, but differs from them by presence of femoral lines (absent in Oosternum), absence of anterolateral ridge on mesoventrite (present in all Oosternum) and by very narrow mesoventral plate (1.7–2.8× as long as wide in Oosternum, see Deler-Hernández et al. 2014).

This is an adventive species currently distributed in all zoogeographical regions. In Greater Antilles widespread in all islands: Cayman Islands, Cuba (Artemisa, Cienfuegos, Guantánamo, Holguín, Matanzas, Santiago de Cuba; Gundlach 1891), Dominican Republic (La Altagracias, La Vega, Monte Cristi, Samaná, San Pedro de Macoris; this paper), Haiti (Artibonite, this paper), Jamaica (Trelawny; Fikáček 2009) and Puerto Rico (Naguabo, Arecibo, Cabo Rojo). It is also widespread in the Lesser Antilles (Antigua, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; this paper) (Fig. 16b). Based on the record by de la Sagra (1857), the species was introduced to the Greater Antilles no later than the first half of the 19^th century.

A terrestrial species collected in cow and horse dung and in decaying plant matter (e.g., compost piles). It is also frequently collected at light.

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157671688128241

“Suecia” [= Sweden, without specified locality].

CUBA: Holguín: Mayarí Municipality, Feltón, Vuelta Larga, permanent lagoon, 23.iii.2013, leg. A. Deler-Hernández (2 spec.: NMPC) [DNA extraction: MF1599].

JAMAICA: without precise locality (Leng and Mutchler 1917).

Body size 2.4–3.2 mm; dorsal surface of head completely black; pronotum (Figs 3g, i) black with vaguely defined yellowish to brownish lateral margins, broader in anterolateral corners; scutellar shield black; elytra yellow to brownish-yellow; mesoventral plate (Fig. 13e) narrow, ca. 6.3× as long as wide; metaventrite (Fig. 13f) without femoral lines, with raised pentagonal area very wide, 0.6× as long as wide in widest part; first abdominal ventrite without spiniform process in both sexes; apex of fifth abdominal ventrite without triangularly bulged projection; aedeagus with parameres ca. 0.75× as long as phallobase, narrowing towards slightly lobate apex; median lobe fusiform, without spines.

Cercyon quisquilius was assigned to C. unipunctatus group according to Smetana (1978). This species can be only confused with C. nigriceps in Greater Antilles. It may be distingushed from it by the coloration of the pronotum (blackish with diffuse yellowish areas on lateral margins in C. quisquilius, almost homogeneously piceous to reddish brown and similar to elytral coloration in C. nigriceps), larger body size (2.4–3.2 mm in C. quisquilius, 1.0–2.1 mm in C. nigriceps), and by metaventrite without femoral lines and with wide raised median part (with femoral lines and narrower median part in C. nigriceps).

Cercyon quisquilius is a species native to the Palearctic Region, but currently introduced to the Nearctic, Neotropical and Australian Regions (Smetana 1978; Hansen 1999; Fikáček 2009). We are providing the first precise records of this species from the Caribbean based of specimens from Cuba (Holguín province) (Fig. 15c).

GANTC001-16, GANTC011-17, GANTC012-17

BOLD:ADC9388.

www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157669492393134

Cuba: Havana.

Holotype (unsexed specimen): “Havana, D. Poey // Cercyon insulare, Chev Cuba, [illegible] // TYPE [red label]” (MNHN).

Figure 4. 

Cercyon insularis Chevrolat and C. variegatus Sharp. a–i C. insularis: a–c dorsal, ventral and lateral habitus of the non-type specimen from Cuba d habitus of the holotype e labels of the holotype f–i male genitalia of non-type specimen from Dominican Republic. j–o lectotype of C. variegatus: j dorsal habitus k labels l–o male genitalia. Genital parts illustrated: f, l tegmen of aedeagus g, m median lobe of aedeagus h, n detail of apex of median lobe; i, o 9th sternite.

Figure 5. 

Cercyon spp. n. genitalia a–d Cercyon gimmeli sp. n. e–h Cercyon taino sp. n. i–l Cercyon armatipenis sp. n. m–p Cercyon sklodowskae sp. n. a, e, i, m tegmen of aedeagus b, f, j, n median lobe of aedeagus c, g, k, o 9th sternite.

Figure 6. 

Cercyon spp. n. genitalia a–d Cercyon praetextatus Say e–h Cercyon spiniventris sp. n. i–k Cercyon nigriceps Marsham l–n Cercyon quisquilius Linnaeus a, e, i, l tegmen of aedeagus b, f, j, m median lobe of aedeagus c, g 9th sternite.

Figure 7. 

Cercyon floridanus Horn a tegmen of aedeagus b median lobe of aedeagus c 9th sternite d ventral view of pterothorax.

CUBA: Camagüey: Sierra de Cubitas municipality, Limones-Tuabaquey, 21°35'52.10"N, 77°47'17.62"W, 16.v.2013, leg. R. Anderson (1 spec.: NMPC). Guantánamo: El Yunque, 3.2 km SW of campismo popular, at right tributary of Duabe river, secondary evergreen forest, cow excrement, 20°19'N, 74°34'W, 150 m a.s.l., 13.vi.2012, leg. Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (MF09) (7 spec.: NMPC); El Yunque, ca. 1.4 km W of campismo popular, cocoa plantations shaded by palms, cow excrement, 20°20.2'N, 74°33.7'W, 60-150 m a.s.l., 11.vi.2012, Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (MF03) (16 spec.: NMPC). Santiago de Cuba: El Vivero, 1.6 km E of Dos Caminos, cow excrements on pasture, 20°10.8'N, 75°46.4'W, 150 m, 20-21.vi.2012, leg. Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (MF18) (1 spec.: NMPC); San Luis Municipality, Dos Caminos, 20°10'57.82"N, 75°46'40.84"W, 3.x.2012, leg. Deler-Hernández (12 spec.: NMPC). Granma: PN Turquino, around La Platica, 20°0.7'N, 76°53.4'W, 880 m, 25–26.vi.2012, leg. Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (MF24) (12 spec.: NMPC); PN Turquino, on the trail up to 0.5 km S of La Platica, 20°0.5'N, 76°53.3'W, 920 m, 23–27.vi.2012, leg. Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (MF20) (2 spec.: NMPC); PN Turquino, La Siguapa, ca. 1.5 km SE of La Platica, sifting leaf litter in evergreen forest, 20°0.2'N, 76°52.8'W, 1290 m, 25.vi.2012, leg. F. Cala-Riquelme (MF25) (1 spec.: NMPC) [DNA extract at NMPC] (1: NMPC). Artemisa: Cañon de Santa Cruz, Río de Santa Cruz, 22°45'1.29"N 83°08'56.36"W, 199 m a.s.l., 16.vii.2016, leg. A. Deler-Hernández (1 spec.: NMPC) [DNA extraction: MF1749]. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega: 7.0 km W of Manabao, side of a stony stream in a valley with scattered houses and plantations surrounded by montane forest, in cow excrements, 19°4.56'N, 70°51.46'W, 1185 m a.s.l., 23.viii.2014, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Gimmel (DR18) (3 spec.: NMPC); at S margin of Manabao, 19°3.85'N, 70°47.61'W, 912 m a.s.l., 27.viii.2014, leg. Deler-Hernández & Fikáček (DR23) (3 spec.: NMPC). Samaná: MN Salto El Limón 2.8 km SSW of El Limón, secondary vegetation and tiny remnants of forests among coffee plantations and pastures, cow excrements, 19°16.56'N, 69°26.47'W, 2.ix.2014, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Gimmel (DR29a) (16 spec.: NMPC). Monseñor Nouel: PN La Humeadora; 11.6 km SSW, of Piedra Blanca, in horse excrement in moist broad-leaf forest in a valley of a small stony stream, 18°44.92'N, 70°21.63'W, 636 m a.s.l., 8.ix.2014, leg. Deler, Fikáček & Gimmel (DR41) (4 spec.: NMPC) [DNA extracts: MF1214.1, MF1214.2]. PUERTO RICO: Naguabo: El Yunque National Forest (southern part), 3.45 km N of Río Blanco at road PR191, in horse excrements on exposed small pasture on the slope of El Yunque massive, 18°14.8'N, 65°47.9'W, 170 m a.s.l., 24.vi.2016, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Seidel (PR2a) (19 spec.: NMPC) [DNA extraction: MF1731]; El Yunque National Forest (southern part), 4.9 km N iof Río Blanco, margin of the rainforest in an area with many flowering Etlingera elatior plants, FIT, 18°15.8'N, 65°47.3'W, 495 m a.s.l., 24.vi.–2.vii.2016, leg. Fikáček & Seidel (PR11) (3 spec.: NMPC). Arecibo: small settlement in Bosque Estatal Río Abajo, in the middle of the lowland forest, horse excrement, 18°19.7'N, 66°42.1'W, 340 m a.s.l., 27.vi.2016, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Seidel (PR15) (1 spec.: NMPC). Lesser Antilles: DOMINICA: Springfield Estate, mature secondary forest, FIT, 15°20.796'N, 61°22.142'W, 30.v.-16.vi.2004, S. & J. Peck (04-86) (3 spec.: SBP). GRENADA: Grand Etang Forest Reserve, FIT in rainforest, 12°04.846'N 61°42.333'W, 360 m a.s.l., leg. S. Peck (10-61) (2 spec.: SBP); Grand Etang Forest Reserve, FIT in rainforest, 12°04.162'N 61°42.162'W, 400 m a.s.l., leg. S. Peck (10-63) (2 spec.: SBP); St. Andrew, Mirabeu Agriculture Lab, light trap, 19.iv.1990, leg. J. Telesford (2 spec.: SBP). SAINT LUCIA: Mon Repos, 6.5 km W Fox Grove Inn, submontane forest, carrion traps, 13°52.5'N, 60°56.4'W, 300 m a.s.l., leg. S. & J. Peck (0759) (2 spec.: SBP).

(as C. variegatus). JAMAICA: without precise locality (Smetana 1978). PUERTO RICO: without precise locality (Smetana 1978). DOMINICA: without precise locality (Leng and Mutchler 1917; Peck 2006).

Body size 2.4–3.4 mm; dorsal surface of head (Fig. 4a) black with a pair of small pale spots on vertex (sometimes fused in one central spot), pronotum yellowish to dark reddish-brown with a large blackish central spot and two small round blackish spots at sides (sometimes obscured); elytra yellowish with black humeral spot, in dark specimens whole elytral base and suture darkened; medial ridge of prosternum not projected ventrally (Fig. 12c); mesoventral plate narrow, 5.8× as long as wide (Fig. 12f); metaventrite (Fig. 12g) without femoral lines, with raised pentagonal area as long as wide; first abdominal ventrite without spine-like process in both sexes (Fig. 12h); apex of fifth abdominal ventrite (Fig. 12i) without apical projection in both sexes; aedeagus narrow, parameres 0.7× as long as phallobase (Fig. 4f), rounded at apex; median lobe (Fig. 4g) subparallel throughout except for acuminate apex, without subapical spines.

Body. (Fig. 4a–d) 2.4–3.4 mm long (length of holotype: 2.8 mm); moderately elongate oval, 1.7–1.8× as long as wide, widest at basal fifth of elytra; moderately convex, 2.6–2.8× as long as high (height of holotype: 1.0 mm). Coloration. Dorsal surface of head black with a pair of small rufotestaceous spots on vertex. Antennal scape and flagellum and ventral surface of head including mouthparts light-brown, antennal club and mentum dark brown. Pronotum yellowish to dark reddish-brown, with a large blackish central spot and two small round blackish spots at its sides, sometimes connected with central spot. Prosternum yellowish to light brown, hypomeron slightly darkened. Elytra with elongate blackish spot posterior to humeri, elytral base and suture darkened, elytral epipleura uniformly pale. Ventral surface of mesothorax blackish. Metepisternum brown. Metaventrite blackish, darker at medial elevation. Abdomen yellowish to reddish-brown. Legs yellowish to light brown.

Head. Clypeus with moderately dense and shallow punctation consisting of small transverse punctures; interstices without microsculpture. Anterior margin of clypeus with narrow bead. Frontoclypeal suture conspicuous as a zone without punctuation, vanished mesally. Frons with punctation similar to that on clypeus, punctures sparser on sides; interstices without microsculpture. Eyes rather small, interocular distance about 6× the width of one eye in dorsal view. Labrum membranous, nearly completely concealed under clypeus, only with narrowly exposed sinuate anterior margin. Mentum (Fig. 12a) subtrapezoid, widest at posterior fourth, about 2× wider than long, 1.5× wider at widest part than at anterior margin, strongly concave in anterior half, anterior margin not emarginate; surface almost glabrous, punctures small, shallow and sparse, almost vanishing anteromesally, interstices without microsculpture. Antenna with 9 antennomeres, scapus ca. 1.8× as long antennomeres 2–6 combined; antennal club moderately elongate, about twice as long as wide, as long as scapus; antennomere 9 acuminate at apex.

Prothorax. Pronotum transverse, widest at base 2.1–2.2× wider than long; 1.7–1.8× wider at base than between front angles, 1.8× wider than head including eyes, as convex as pronotum in lateral view. Punctation rather dense and moderately deep, consisting of crescent-shaped punctures intermixed with denser, slightly smaller and rather transverse punctures; punctures slightly feebler on sides. Prosternum (Fig. 12b) strongly tectiform medially, median ridge (Fig. 12c) with the same width throughout, anterior apex not projecting ventrally. Antennal grooves distinct, with lateral margin curved.

Pterothorax. Scutellar shield 1.2× as long as wide, sparsely punctured. Elytra widest at anterior fifth, 1.0–1.1× longer than wide, 2.6–2.8× as long as pronotum, 1.2–1.3× as wide as pronotum, surface glabrous, with 10 series of punctures; series 6, 8 and 9 not reaching anterior margin, surface glabrous (Fig. 12d), serial punctures getting slightly smaller lateraly; intervals moderately convex; punctation on interval 1 and odd intervals composed of crescent-shaped setiferous punctures, close to striae denser and intermixed with smaller, transverse non-setiferous punctures; even intervals with non-setiferous punctures only; all interstices without microsculpture. Humeral bulge indistinct. Mesoventral plate (Fig. 12f) narrowly elongate, ca. 5.8× as long as wide, widest at midlength, symmetrically narrowing to both apices, anterior apex pointed, posterior apex rounded, posterior tip slightly overlapping over anterior portion of metaventrite; surface with few sparse punctures. Metaventrite (Fig. 12g) with raised pentagonal area ca. as wide as long, weakly, sparsely, uniformly punctated, without visible setae, bare part not reaching anterior margin of metaventrite; femoral lines absent; lateral parts of metaventrite densely covered by short pubescence.

Legs. Femora with sparse shallow punctures ventrally, interstices with weak microsculpture consisting of longitudinal lines; tibial grooves distinct. Tibiae with rather small lateral spines. Metatibiae moderately broad and long, straight, 0.33× as long as elytra, 5× as long as wide. Metatarsus long, 0.86–0.89× as long as metatibia, with just a few short rather stout setae ventrally.

Abdomen with five ventrites, first abdominal ventrite (Fig. 12h) about as long as the second and third ventrites together, with distinct median longitudinal carina narrowing posteriad, not projecting posteriorly in both sexes; fifth ventrite with acuminate apex and weakly bulged in both sexes (Fig. 12i).

Male genitalia. Median projection of sternite 9 (Fig. 4i) rounded apically, with a pair of subapical setae, base symmetrical. Phallobase (Fig. 4f) almost 1.4× longer than parameres, narrow, parallel sided, base widely rounded, manubrium indistinct. Parameres nearly of the same width in basal 3/4, divergent near apex, rounded and weakly narrowing apically. Median lobe (Fig. 4g) narrow and subparallel throughout, pointed at apex (Fig. 4h), gonopore moderately large, basal portion of median lobe with dorsal plate narrow and simply bifid basally.

The general dorsal coloration of the pronotum and elytra varies from yellow to dark reddish-brown. In dark specimens, lateral pronotal spots join the large central spot, and the whole anterior part of elytra and the elytral suture are distinctly darkened, with pale areas maintained in humeral area and at sides of scutellar shield. In pale specimens, the lateral pronotal spots are rather small and sometimes very vague and indistinct, and the elytra are completely yellow except base, sutural interval and the posthumeral dark spots.

Cercyon insularis seems to be widely distributed across Greater and Lesser Antilles, here we are recording it from Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Grenada, Saint Lucia and Dominica. It seems that all records of C. variegatus from the Caribbean (Jamaica, Puerto Rico: Smetana 1978; Dominica: Peck 2006) actually concern C. insularis, as we failed to find the true C. variegatus in the material examined. For that reason we consider C. insularis to occur in Jamaica, although we did not examine any specimens from Jamaica ourselves.

Most of the specimens were collected in cow and horse dung on pastures, in coffee plantations and in tropical forests; few were collected using flight intercept traps.

Chevrolat (1863) described C. insularis based on a single specimen from Cuba collected by D. F. Poëy and deposited in Chevrolat's collection. On our request to loan this specimen, we received a single specimen standing under the name C. insularis in the Chevrolat collection, corresponding well with the original description and marked as a type. In contrast to the data mentioned by Chevrolat (1863), the specimen also bears a label indicating Habana as the place of its origin. Since there is no reason to doubt the type identity of this specimen, we correct the type locality of C. insularis to Habana, in agreement with the label data of the holotype.

Cercyon insularis was only briefly mentioned once by Gundlach (1891) and its type was not reexamined, therefore its identity remained unclear. Our inspection of the type revealed it corresponds by coloration with what was recorded from the Caribbean as Cercyon variegatus Sharp, 1882, by Smetana (1978), Hansen (1999) and Peck (2006). In order to determine the identity of the species present in the Caribbean we studied the lectotype of C. variegatus (Fig. 4j–o, deposited in BMNH) and compared it to the type of C. insularis and additional recently collected material from Cuba. Based on this comparison, it became clear that Cuban specimens are not conspecific with C. variegatus, but belong to a different species indistinguishable from it by external morphology: all dissected Cuban specimens were conspecific, differed from C. variegatus by genital morphology, and no other species of the same external coloration was found. We hence consider the Cuban specimens conspecific with the type specimen of C. insularis, even though it cannot be dissected because of its poor condition. Both median lobe (Fig. 4g) as well as phallobase and parameres (Fig. 4f) are narrower in C. insularis than in C. variegatus. The apices of parameres are rounded in C. insularis, while they are more acuminate in C. variegatus (Fig. 4l). Moreover, the apex of the median lobe of C. variegatus has a small flank on each side (Fig. 4n) (Full set of pictures of the lectotype of C. variegatus in www.flickr.com/photos/142655814@N07/albums/72157676248390724).

Cercyon insularis and C. variegatus belong to a species complex corresponding to the C. variegatus group of Smetana (1978), distributed from the southern USA to Argentina; the species within this complex can be only distinguished by the morphology of the male genitalia (Arriaga-Varela and Fikáček, pers. observation). Only two species of this species complex have been formally described (C. variegatus and C. insularis) and the group requires a detailed revision. The species recorded from Suriname as “Cercyon rishwani” by Makhan (2004) also belongs to this species complex based on color pattern of the pronotum and the general shape of the aedeagus, but a more detailed comparison with C. insularis and C. variegatus is impossible based on the description and illustrations provided. “Cercyon rishwani Makhan, 2004” is moreover considered a nomen nudum (see Short and Hebauer, 2006 for details).

Figure 8. 

Cercyon gimmeli sp. n. a mentum b prosternum c lateral view of median ridge of prosternum d detail of elytral surface f mesoventral plate g metaventrite h median ridge of first abdominal ventrite i fifth abdominal ventrite.

Figure 9. 

Cercyon spp. n. a–d Cercyon armatipenis sp. n. f–i Cercyon taino sp. n. a, f mentum b detail of pronotal surface c, h ventral view of pterothorax d, i detail of elytral surface g lateral view of median ridge of prosternum.

Figure 10. 

Cercyon sklodowskae sp. n. a mentum b detail of pronotal surface c lateral view of median ridge of prosternum d detail of elytral surface f mesoventral plate g metaventrite h median ridge of first abdominal ventrite i female fifth abdominal ventrite.

Figure 11. 

Cercyon spiniventris sp. n. a mentum b prosternum c lateral view of median ridge of prosternum d detail of elytral surface f mesoventral plate g metaventrite h median ridge of female first abdominal ventrite i fifth abdominal ventrite.

Figure 12. 

Cercyon insularis Chevrolat a mentum b prosternum c lateral view of median ridge of prosternum d detail of elytral surface f mesoventral plate g metaventrite h median ridge of female first abdominal ventrite i fifth abdominal ventrite.

Figure 13. 

Cercyon spp. a–b Cercyon praetextatus Say c–d Cercyon nigriceps Marsham e–f Cercyon quisquilius Linnaeus a, c, e mesoventral plate b, d, f metaventrite.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Vega: PN Valle Nuevo, Salto Aguas Blancas, sifting of moist leaf litter in small remnants of montane forest in a small ravine with a spring and on slopes just above the small river, 18°50.60'N, 70°40.68'W, 1655 m a.s.l., 25.viii.2014, leg. Deler, Fikáček & Gimmel (DR21) (2 larvae associated with adults: NMPC; DNA extraction of one larva: MF1261.L).

Head capsule (Fig. 14e) longer than wide; cuticle with polygonal microsculpture; head capsule with two “lenses” (anteriorly and posterior of the eye spot) on each side, lateral part of head capsule without apparent group of setae ca. at midlength; clypeolabrum uniformly arcuate at the right side from the setiferous emargination. Metanotum (Fig. 14a) with wide and strongly sclerotized transverse tergite. Legs (Fig. 14d) reduced into two-segmented vestiges. Membranous parts of thorax and abdomen (Fig. 14a–c) covered by long blackish cuticular projections. Abdominal segments acutely lobate laterally, abdominal segments 1-7 each with three transverse rows of low tubercles. Tergite on 8th abdominal segment (Fig. 14f) ca. as long as wide, deeply sinuate on anterior margin, with three slightly acute lobes on posterior margin.

PUERTO RICO: Naguabo: El Yunque National Forest, (southern part), 3.45 km N of Río Blanco at road PR191, in horse excrements on exposed small pasture on the slope of El Yunque massive, 18°14.8'N, 65°47.9'W, 170 m a.s.l., 24.vi.2016, leg. Deler-Hernández, Fikáček & Seidel (PR2a) (2 larvae associated with adults: NMPC; DNA extraction of one larva: MF1731.L)

Head capsule (Fig. 14k) ca. as long as wide; cuticle smooth, without distinct miscrosculpture; head capsule with two “lenses” (anteriorly and posterior of the eye spot) on each side, lateral part of head capsule with apparent group of setae (PA12-14 sensuFikáček et al. 2008) ca. at midlength; clypeolabrum angulate at the right side from the setiferous emargination. Metanotum (Fig. 14g) with very narrow and weakly sclerotized transverse tergite. Legs (Fig. 14g) reduced into one-segmented setiferous tubercle. Membranous parts of thorax and abdomen covered by extremely short and dense whitish microtrichia. Abdominal segments (Fig. 14g–i) without lateral lobes, smooth (i.e. without transverse rows of tubercles) dorsally. Tergite on 8th abdominal segment (Fig. 14l) wider than long, shallowly sinuate on anterior margin, weakly sinuate on posterior margin.

Figure 14. 

Cercyon spp. larval morphology e–f Cercyon taino sp. n. g–l Cercyon insularis Chevrolat a, g dorsal habitus b, h ventral habitus c, i lateral habitus d, j front leg e, k dorsal view of head f, l tergite on 8th abdominal segment.

Figure 15. 

Cercyon spp. distribution maps. a Cercyon armatipenis sp. n. (🔴) Cercyon gimmeli sp. n. (🔵) b Cercyon sklodowskae sp. n. (🔴) Cercyon taino sp. n. (🔵) c Cercyon praetextatus Say (🔴) Cercyon quisquilius Linnaeus (🔵).

Figure 16. 

Cercyon spp. distribution map. a Cercyon spiniventris sp. n. (🔴) Cercyon floridanus Horn (🔵) b Cercyon nigriceps Marsham (🔴) c Cercyon praetextatus Say (🔴) Cercyon insularis Chevrolat (🔴).

Figure 17. 

Maximum likelihood tree 1000 bootstrap replicates resulting from the phylogenetic analysis of DNA barcode of 19 specimens of Cercyon spp. Newly sequenced Caribbean specimens have the MF codes, other sequences are adopted from BOLD database.