Body length 9.5–15.0 mm, brown to black, pronotum red or black, elytra uniformly red but sometimes black at margins. Head small, hemispherical eyes prominent. Antennae flabellate in males, while serrate in females; antennomere I abruptly widened near base and nearly globular or flattened dorsally, II very short, III nearly triangular, IV–X triangular to lamellate, IX slender. Pronotum subquadrate, with all margins almost straight. Elytra flat to weakly convex, subparallel-sided, usually wider in female than male; each elytron with four primary and five secondary longitudinal and many transverse costae, elytral cells mostly squared, sometimes strongly transverse. Male genitalia robust, phallus long and present with a pair of lateral thorns apically, more or less projected distad at apical margin, internal sac usually invaginated, with only apex exposed, which is a slender or thorn-shaped tube, sometimes hardly visible.

P. alternata (Pic, 1927), P. cincinnatus Kazantsev, 2002, P. chifengleei Kazantsev, 2002, P. daucinus Kazantsev, 2002, P. dolosa (Kleine, 1924), P. fukiensis (Bocak, 1999), P. gestroi Pic, 1912, P. gracilis (Bocak, 1999), P. himalejica (Bourgeois, 1885), P. ishigakiana (Nakane, 1961), P. klapperichi (Bocak, 1999), P. laticornis Fairmaire, 1899, P. nigrohumeralis (Pic, 1938), P. oshimana (Nakane, 1961), P. quadricollis (Kiesenwetter, 1874), P. sichuanensis (Bocak, 1999), P. tryznai (Bocak, 1999), P. variabilis Li, Pang & Bocak, 2015., P. longicornis sp. nov., P. truncata sp. nov., P. dabieshanensis sp. nov., P. hainanensis sp. nov., P. quadricollimima sp. nov., P. zhejiangensis sp. nov.

(Fig. 1). China (Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xizang), Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, India.

Figure 1. 

Distribution map of Ponyalis in the world.

China: 2♂1♀ (MHBU), Guangxi, Wuming, Damingshan, 20.V.2011, 1100 m, leg. H. Y. Liu.

This species can be readily identified from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum uniformly black and elytra red (Fig. 2A, B); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, IV wide-triangular, lamellae of V–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally, lamella of VI short and 1.3× longer than joint itself (Fig. 2A); elytral primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones in whole length, cells transverse (Fig. 2A, B); phallus widened at middle part, projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in ventral and dorsal views (Fig. 3A, B).

Male (Fig. 2A). Antennae reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, 1.3× as long as wide, IV wide-triangular, approximately as long as wide, lamellae of V–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally, 1.1–2.9× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 4.2× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 2.4× as long as wide, moderately widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance much smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 3A, B); almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/4 in lateral view (Fig. 3C).

Female (Fig. 2B). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennomeres III–V all nearly triangular, lamellae of VI–X 1.1–1.8× as long as its corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 3.0× as long as wide.

(Fig. 1). China (Guangxi), Vietnam.

Bocak (1999) provided illustrations of basal antennomeres of male antenna and ventral view of aedeagus for this species. Here we present the images of habitus of both sexes and aedeagus in ventral, dorsal and lateral views to make its morphology better known.

Figure 2. 

Habitus, dorsal view: Ponyalis alternata (Pic, 1927) (A, B); P. fukiensis (Bocak, 1999) (C, D). A, C males B, D females. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figure 3. 

Aedeagi of Ponyalis alternata (Pic, 1927) (A–C); P. fukiensis (Bocak, 1999) (D–F); P. himalejica (Bourgeois, 1885) (G–I); P. gracilis (Bocak, 1999) (J–L). A, D, G, J ventral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L lateral views. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

China: 1♂ (MHBU), Zhejiang, Longquan, Fengyangshan, 1250 m, 31.III.2007, leg. J. Cao; 1♀ (MHBU), same locality as the preceding, 18.V.2007, leg. D. D. Hu & J. F. Gao; 1♀ (MHBU), same locality as the preceding, 17.V.2007, leg. B. F. Zhou & L. Wang; 1♀ (IZAS), Fujian, Jianyang, Huangkeng, Aotou, 26.V.1973, leg. P. Y. Yu; 1♀ (IZAS), same locality as the preceding, 800–950 m, 5.V.1960, leg. F. J. Pu.

This species can be differentiated from all others of Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum black, with red margins, elytra red (Fig. 2C, D); male antennomere I nearly globular, III with outer apical angle strongly protruding laterally, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, lamella of IV long and 2.0× longer than joint itself, (Fig. 2C); elytral primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones in whole length, cells transverse to squared (Fig. 2C, D); phallus moderately projected distad at apical margin, narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 3D, E).

Male (Fig. 2C). Antennae reaching apical 1/4 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, 1.4× as long as wide, with outer apical angle strongly protruding laterally, lamellae of IV–X abruptly extended laterally and nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 5.5–7.0× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI parallel-sided and 13.0× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus slender and 3.7× as long as wide, barely widened at basal part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with sharp latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely greater than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 3D, E), almost even in width and nearly straight, truncate at ventro-apical 1/5 in lateral view (Fig. 3F).

Female (Fig. 2D). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennae shorter and reaching elytral apical 1/3 length when inclined, antennomeres III–V all nearly triangular, lamellae of VI–X 1.1–1.5× as long as its corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 4.0× as long as wide.

(Fig. 1). China (Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong).

China: 1♂1♀ (IZAS), Yunnan, Menghai, Nannuoshan, 1100–1200 m, 28.IV.1957, leg. G. J. Hong; 2♂ (IZAS), same locality as the preceding, 1600 m, 25.IV.1958, leg. G. J. Hong; 1♀ (IZAS), same locality as the preceding, 1100–1500 m, 27.IV.1957, leg. F. J. Pu; 1♀ (IZAS), Yunnan, Menghai, Chachan, 1200–1450 m, 24.IV.1957, leg. S. Y. Wang; 1♂1♀ (IZAS), Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengsong, 1600 m, 26.IV.1958, leg. Y. R. Zhang; 2♂2♀ (MHBU), Yunnan, Yingjiang, Xima, 20.VII.2019, leg. P. Wang.

This species differs from all others of Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum uniformly red, or present with a dark brown to black patch in center of disc, but never extending to anterior or posterior margin, elytra red (Fig. 4A–C); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III and IV long-triangular, lamellae of V–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally (Fig. 4A); elytra 5.0× longer than pronotum, primary costae nearly as strong as secondary ones, cells transverse (Fig. 4A–C); phallus strongly widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 3G, H).

Male (Fig. 4A). Antennae reaching basal 3/5 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III and IV long-triangular, 1.3–1.5× as long as wide, with outer apical angles strongly protruding laterally, lamellae of V–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally, 1.8–3.8× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 5.3× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 2.0× as long as wide, strongly widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance much smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 3G, H), weakly bent dorsally and tapered distad in lateral view (Fig. 3I).

Female (Fig. 4B, C). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennae shorter and reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomeres III–V triangular, lamellae of VI–X 1.1–1.5× as long as its corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 3.0× as long as wide.

(Fig. 1). China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, India.

We provide different habitus macrophotographs (Fig. 4B, C) for this species to show its variability of appearance, probably due to its wide distribution (Bocak 1999).

Figure 4. 

Habitus, dorsal view: Ponyalis himalejica (Bourgeois, 1885) (A–C); P. gracilis (Bocak, 1999) (D). A, D males B, C females. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

China: 1♂ (MHBU), Fujian, Wuyishan, Guadun, 29.IV.2004, leg. D. K. Zhou.

This species can be separated from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum black, with red margins, elytra red (Fig. 4D); antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided (Fig. 4D); elytra 5.5× longer than pronotum, primary costae as strong as the secondary ones, cells transverse (Fig. 4D); phallus bisinuate at lateral margins and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 3J, K).

Male (Fig. 4D). Antennae reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, 1.5× as long as wide, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided, 1.5–3.6× longer than corresponding antennomere itself, XI parallel-sided and 8.0× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus slender and 3.3× as long as wide, barely widened at basal part and bisinuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 3J, K), moderately bent dorsally and tapered distad in lateral view (Fig. 3L).

(Fig. 1). China (Hunan, Fujian).

China: 1♂ (IZAS), Fujian, Jianyang, Huangkeng, Aotou, 850–950 m, 29.IV.1960, leg. F. J. Pu; 1♀ (IZAS), Fujian, Chongan, Xingcun, Sangang, 720 m, 16.V.1960, leg. F. J. Pu.

This species can be easily identified from the rest of the Ponyalis species by the combination of the following characters: pronotum uniformly black and elytra red (Fig. 6A, B); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, IV wide-triangular, lamellae of VI–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, lamella of VI 2× longer than joint itself (Fig. 6A); elytral primary costae as strong as the secondary ones, cells transverse (Fig. 6A, B); phallus moderately widened at middle part and nearly straight at apical margin in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 5A, B).

Male (Fig. 6A). Antennae reaching apical 1/4 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, 1.4× as long as wide, IV wide-triangular and nearly as long as wide, lamella of V extended along whole length of stem and tapered laterally, lamellae of VI–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 2.1–4.1× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI nearly parallel-sided and 6.7× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus slender and 3.7× as long as wide, moderately widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, nearly straight at apical margin in dorsal and ventral views, with sharp latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 5A, B), almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/4 in lateral view (Fig. 5C).

Female (Fig. 6B). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennae shorter and reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomeres III–V all nearly triangular, lamellae of VI–X 1.1–1.5× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 3.2× as long as wide.

(Fig. 1). China (Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian), Korea.

Figure 5. 

Aedeagi of Ponyalis klapperichi (Bocak, 1999) (A–C); P. laticornis Fairmaire, 1899 (D–F); P. nigrohumeralis (Pic, 1939) (G–I); P. variabilis Li, Bocak & Pang, 2015 (J–L). A, D, G, J ventral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L lateral views. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 6. 

Habitus, dorsal view: Ponyalis klapperichi (Bocak, 1999) (A, B); P. laticornis Fairmaire, 1899 (C, D). A, C, D males B female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

China: 1♂ (IZAS), Yunnan, Lijiang, 3100 m, 27.V.1980, leg. L. Y. Wang; 1♂ (IZAS), Yunnan, Mancheng, 1700 m, 16.IV.1980, leg. P. Gao.

This species can be differentiated from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum red, present with a large black patch, extending to anterior and posterior margins, elytra red (Fig. 6C, D); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III–IV long-triangular, lamellae of V–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally (Fig. 6C); elytra 5.5× longer than pronotum and 1.2–1.3× wider than posterior margin of pronotum, primary costae nearly as strong as the secondary ones, cells transverse (Fig. 6C, D); phallus abruptly widened near middle part, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 5D, E).

Male (Fig. 6C, D). Antennae reaching apical 1/4 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III and IV long-triangular, 1.3–1.4× as long as wide, lamellae of V–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally, 1.2–2.2× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 5.0× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 2.3× as long as wide, abruptly widened near middle part and obtusely angled at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance much smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 5D, E), almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/4 in lateral view (Fig. 5F).

(Fig. 1). China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Myanmar.

As noted by others (e.g., Bocak 1999), this species shows some variations in the coloration of pronotum, of which the black patch could be extending to anterior margin (Fig. 6D) or not (Fig. 6C).

China: 1♂1♀ (MHBU), Shaanxi, Liuba, Miaotaizi, 10–15.VI.2005, leg. Y. B. Ba; 1♀ (MHBU), Shaanxi, Liuba, 10–12.VI.2005, Y. B. Ba leg., 1♂ (IZAS), Shaanxi, Ningshan, Pingheliang, 2106–2448 m, 1.V.2007, leg. M. Y. Lin; 1♂ (IZAS), same locality as the preceding, 1.V.2007, leg. J. Z. Cui; 2♂ (IZAS), Shaanxi, Zhouzhi, Houzhenzi, 1745–2021 m, 26.V.2007, leg. J. Z. Cui; 1♀ (IZAS), same locality as the preceding, 26.V.2007, leg. H. L. Shi; 1♂ (IZAS), Henan, Huixian, Baligou, 9–12.V.2002, leg. Y. F. Hao; 1♂ (MHBU), Gansu, Qinzhou, Niangniangba, 30.V.2021, leg. R. Liu; 1♂ (MHBU), Gansu, Wenxian, Huangtuling, 2250 m, 9.VII.2003, leg. Y. B. Ba & Y. P. Niu; 1♂ (MHBU), Sichuan, Jiuzhaigou, Wujiao, 15.VII.2009, leg. Z. H. Gao & Y. P. Niu.

This species can be easily separated from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum uniformly black, elytra bicolored, at least black at humeri (Fig. 7A, B); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length (Fig. 7A); elytral primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones in whole length, cells transverse (Fig. 7A, B); phallus moderately widened at middle part and arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views(Fig. 5G, H), weakly bent dorsally in lateral view (Fig. 5I).

Male (Fig. 7A). Antennae reaching basal 3/5 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, 1.4× as long as wide, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 1.5–3.9× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI parallel-sided and 4.2× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus slender and 3.3× as long as wide, moderately widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, strongly projected distad at apical margin and arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with rectangular latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 5G, H), weakly bent dorsally and tapered distad in lateral view (Fig. 5I).

Female (Fig. 7B). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennae shorter and reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomeres III–V all nearly triangular, lamellae of VI–X 1.1–1.5× as long as its corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 2.6× as long as wide.

(Fig. 1). China (Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan).

Bocak (1999) and Kazantsev (2002) provided the illustration of the aedeagus for this species, and here we present the habitus of male and female for the first time.

Figure 7. 

Habitus, dorsal view: Ponyalis nigrohumeralis (Pic, 1939) (A, B); P. variabilis Li, Bocak & Pang, 2015 (C, D). A, C males; B, D females. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

China: 1♂ (MHBU), Hubei, Qingtianpao, 22.V.2019, leg. P. Wang; 1♀ (MHBU), same locality as the preceding, 11.VI.2018, leg. P. Wang.

This species can be readily identified from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum black, red margins, elytra red (Fig. 7C, D); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, lamellae of IV–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally (Fig. 7C); elytra 5.0× longer than pronotum, primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones in whole length, cells transverse (Fig. 7C, D); phallus widened at middle part and moderately projected distad at apical margin and < 30° angle at apex in ventral and dorsal views (Fig. 5J, K).

Male (Fig. 7C). Antennae reaching basal 3/5 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, 1.3× as long as wide, with outer apical angle barely protruding laterally, lamellae of IV–X extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally, 2.0–3.2× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 5.0× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus slender and 3.7× as long as wide, strongly widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly narrowed at apex, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance much smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 5J, K), almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/4 in lateral view (Fig. 5L).

Female (Fig. 7D). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennae shorter and reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomeres III–V all nearly triangular, lamellae of VI–IX 1.1–1.7× as long as its corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 3.0× as long as wide.

(Fig. 1). China (Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou).

Holotype : ♂ (MHBU), China, Anhui, Yaoluoping Natural Reserve, VII. 2015, leg. J. Fang. Paratype: China: 1♀ (IZAS), Anhui, Jinzhai, Baojia, Jingangtai, 5.V.2021, leg. K. D. Zhao & X. C. Zhu.

This species differs from all others of Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum black, with red margins, elytra red (Fig. 8A, B); male antennomere I nearly globular, III with outer apical angle strongly protruding laterally, lamella of IV extending from middle of the joint, extremely long and 2.0× longer than joint itself (Fig. 8); elytral primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones in whole length, cells mostly squared (Fig. 8A, B); phallus moderately projected distad at apical margin and arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 9A, B).

The new species looks like P. fukiensis in the body coloration, but differs from it in the following characters: male antennomere III with outer apical angle barely protruding laterally (Fig. 8A), while strongly protruding laterally in P. fukiensis (Fig. 2C); phallus arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 9A, B), while narrowly rounded at apex in P. fukiensis (Fig. 3D, E); phallus with distance between the latero-apical thorns barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 9A, B), while greater in P. fukiensis (Fig. 3D, E).

Male (Fig. 8A). Body stout, black to dark brown, pronotum red, with a large black patch in center of disc, elytra red.

Head dorsally flat, antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, 1.4× as long as wide, with outer apical angle barely protruding laterally, lamellae of IV–VII abruptly extended laterally and nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 4.2–7.2× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself.

Pronotum nearly trapezoidal, flat, and barely wider than long, with rounded anterior angles and acute posterior angles, anterior margin arched, lateral margins weakly sinuate and posterior margin bisinuate. Scutellum barely narrowed posteriorly and obviously emarginate at apex.

Elytra parallel-sided, all primary costae stouter than secondary ones, and primary costae II and IV stouter than other costae in whole length of elytra, most cells rectangular.

Aedeagus: phallus slender and 3.2× as long as wide, barely widened at basal part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with sharp latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 9A, B), almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/5 in lateral view (Fig. 9C).

Female (Fig. 8B). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennae reaching apical 1/3 length of elytra when inclined, antennomeres III–VII triangular, 1.0–1.3× as long as wide, lamellae of VIII–X 1.1–1.3× as long as its corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 3.0× as long as wide.

(Fig. 1). China (Anhui).

The specific name is derived from the type locality of this new species, Dabieshan, Anhui Province, China.

The left proleg, left VIII–XI and right III–XI antennomeres of the holotype are missing.

Figure 8. 

Habitus, dorsal view: Ponyalis dabieshanensis sp. nov. (A, B); P. truncata sp. nov. (C). A, C males B female. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figure 9. 

Aedeagi of Ponyalis dabieshanensis sp. nov. (A–C); P. truncata sp. nov. (D–F); P. quadricollis (Kiesenwetter, 1874) (G–I); P. quadricollimima sp. nov. (J–L). A, D, G, J ventral views B, E, H, K dorsal views C, F, I, L lateral views. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Holotype : ♂ (IZAS), China, Anhui, Huoshan, Mozitang, Huangnibao, 902 m, 14.V.2021, leg. K. D. Zhao & X. C. Zhu. Paratype: China: 1♂ (CAU), Zhejiang, Xitianmushan, V.1960, leg. J. K. Yang.

This species can be separated from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum black, with red margins, elytra red (Fig. 8C); male antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, lamellae of IV–X abruptly extended laterally and nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, lamella of IV long and 2× longer than joint itself (Fig. 8C); elytral primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones in whole length, cells most squared (Fig. 8C); phallus widened at apical part and arcuate at lateral margins, nearly straight at apical margin in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 9D, E).

The new species is similar to P. fukiensis in the body coloration and extremely long lamellae of antennomeres IV–X, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: male antennomere III with outer apical angle barely protruding laterally (Fig. 8C), while strongly protruding laterally in P. fukiensis (Fig. 2C); phallus nearly straight at apical margin (Fig. 9D, E), while moderately projected distad in P. fukiensis (Fig. 3D, E); phallus with distance between the latero-apical thorns barely greater than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 9D, E), while barely smaller in P. fukiensis (Fig. 3D, E).

Male (Fig. 8C). Body slender, black to dark brown, pronotum red, with a black patch in the middle of disc, elytra red.

Head dorsally flat, antennae reaching apical 1/5 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, 1.6× as long as wide, with outer apical angle barely protruding laterally, lamellae of IV–X abruptly extended laterally and nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 2.9–7.0× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI nearly parallel-sided and 11.0× as long as wide.

Pronotum nearly trapezoidal, flat, and barely wider than long, with rounded anterior angles and acute posterior angles, anterior margin arched, lateral margins nearly straight and posterior margin bisinuate. Scutellum barely narrowed posteriorly and obviously emarginate at apex.

Elytra barely widened posteriorly, primary costae stouter than secondary ones, and primary costae II and III stouter than others in whole length of elytra, most cells squared to rectangular.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 2.8× as long as wide, moderately widened at apical part and arcuate at lateral margins, nearly straight at apical margin in dorsal and ventral views, with sharp latero-apical thorns, between which the distance barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 9D, E), almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/5 in lateral view (Fig. 9F).

Female. Unknown.

(Fig. 1). China (Anhui, Zhejiang).

The specific name is derived from the Latin truncatus (cut off), referring to its phallus nearly straight at apical margin.

Japan: 1♂ (IZAS), Japan, Kyoto, 30.V.1932, leg. S. Yie.

This species can be differentiated from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum uniformly black, elytra red (Fig. 10A); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, IV and V wide-triangular, lamellae of VI–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, lamella of VI longer, 1.8× longer than joint itself (Fig. 10A); elytral primary costae barely stouter than the secondary ones, cells transverse (Fig. 10A); phallus widened at middle part, moderately projected distad at apical margin and arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 9G, H).

Male (Fig. 10A). Antennae reaching apical 1/5 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, 1.2× as long as wide, IV and V widely triangular, approximately as long as wide, with outer apical angels strongly protruding laterally, lamellae of VI–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 2.0–3.4× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI nearly parallel-sided and 5.1× as long as wide.

Aedeagus: phallus slender and 2.5× as long as wide, moderately widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and arched at apex, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 9G, H), weakly bent dorsally and tapered distad in lateral view (Fig. 9I).

(Fig. 1). Japan.

Bocak (1999) provided male antennae and aedeagus illustrations for this species, and we present the male habitus for the first time.

Figure 10. 

Habitus, dorsal view: Ponyalis quadricollis (Kiesenwetter, 1874) (A); P. quadricollimima sp. nov. (B); P. longicornis sp. nov. (C). A–C males. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Holotype : ♂ (MHBU), China, Chongqing, Wuxi, Shuangyang, Yingtiaoling Natural Reserve, Linkouzi, 1224 m, 22.VI.2022, leg. L. Y. Wang.

The new species can be separated from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum uniformly black, elytral red (Fig. 10B); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III and IV long-triangular, lamellae of V–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, lamella of VI longer, 1.8× longer than joint itself (Fig. 10B); primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones, cells most squared (Fig. 10B); phallus projected distad at apical margin and arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 9J, K).

It is most close to P. quadricollis in general appearance, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: primary costae strongly stouter than secondary ones (Fig. 10B), while barely stouter in P. quadricollis (Fig. 10A); phallus barely widened at basal part in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 9J, K), while moderately widened at middle part in P. quadricollis (Fig. 9G, H); phallus with distance between the latero-apical thorns barely greater than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 9J, K), while barely smaller in P. quadricollis (Fig. 9G, H).

Male (Fig. 10B). Body slender, black to dark brown, pronotum dark-brown, elytra red.

Head dorsally flat, antennae reaching apical 1/5 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III and IV long-triangular, 1.4–1.5× as long as wide, lamellae of V–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 1.5–2.8× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI fusiform and 5.5× as long as wide.

Pronotum trapezoidal, with rounded anterior angles and rectangular posterior angles, anterior margin arched, lateral margins sinuate and posterior margin nearly straight. Scutellum barely narrowed posteriorly and obviously emarginate at apex.

Elytra parallel-sided, all primary costae stouter than secondary ones, and primary costae I and IV stouter than others in whole length of elytra, most cells rectangular.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 3.0× as long as wide, hardly widened at basal part, moderately projected distad at apical margin and arched at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely greater than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 9J, K), almost even in width and nearly straight, truncate at ventro-apical 1/4 in lateral view (Fig. 9L).

Female. Unknown.

(Fig. 1). China (Chongqing).

The name of the species is derived from the Latin minus (imitator), referring to its similarity to P. quadricollis.

Holotype : ♂ (MHBU), China, Sichuan, Emeishan, Baoguoshi, 902 m, 29. V. 2010, leg. Q. Yuan & S. Xian.

The new species can be differentiated from the remaining Ponyalis species by the combination of the following characters: pronotum black, with red margins, elytra red (Fig. 10C); male antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, lamella of IX 2.5× as long as joint itself (Fig. 10C); elytral primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones, cells most squared (Fig. 10C); phallus widened at middle part, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 11A, B).

It seems similar to P. sichuanensis (Bocak, 1999) on basis of the general appearance, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the following characters: lamellae of male antennomere IX 2.0× as long as joint itself (Fig. 10C), while 1.5× in P. sichuanensis; pronotum with a black patch extending to posterior margin (Fig. 10C), while never reaching in P. sichuanensis; phallus arched at apical margin (Fig. 11A, B), while nearly straight in P. sichuanensis (Bocak 1999: fig. 73).

Male (Fig. 10C). Body slender, black to dark brown, pronotum pale brown, with a black patch in middle of disc, which extending to posterior margin, elytra red, tibiae paler at bases.

Head dorsally flat, antennae reaching apical 1/5 length of elytra when inclined, antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, 1.3× as long as wide, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 2.0–3.6× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI parallel-sided and 6.5× as long as wide.

Pronotum nearly trapezoidal, flat, and barely wider than long, with rounded anterior angles and rectangular posterior angles, anterior margin barely arched, lateral margins nearly straight and posterior margin nearly straight. Scutellum barely narrowed posteriorly and obviously emarginate at apex.

Elytra parallel-sided, primary costae stouter than secondary ones, and primary costae II and IV stouter than others in whole length of elytra, most cells irregular.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 3.1× as long as wide, moderately widened at middle part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance barely smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 11A, B), almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/5 in lateral view (Fig. 11C).

Female. Unknown.

(Fig. 1). China (Sichuan).

The specific name is derived from the Latin longus (long) and cornus (horn), referring to its long antennae.

Figure 11. 

Aedeagi of Ponyalis longicornis sp. nov. (A–C); P. zhejiangensis sp. nov. (D–F); hainanensis sp. nov. (G–I). A, D, G ventral views B, E, H dorsal views C, F, I lateral views. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Holotype : ♂ (MHBU), China, Zhejiang, Longquan, Fenyangshan, 1250 m, 17.V.2007, leg. B. F. Zhou & L. Wang. Paratype: 1♀ (MHBU), same locality as holotype, 1500 m, 15.V.2007, leg. J. H. Xu & L. Q. Liu.

This new species can be separated from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum black, with red margins, elytra red (Fig. 12A, B); male antennomere I nearly globular, III long-triangular, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length (Fig. 12A); elytra 5.5× longer than pronotum, primary costae barely stouter than the secondary ones only basally, cells transverse (Fig. 12A, B); phallus widened at basal part and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 11D, E).

It looks similar to P. gracilis in the coloration, but differs in the following characters: anterior margin of pronotum arched (Fig. 12A), while nearly straight in P. gracilis (Fig. 4D); phallus arcuate at lateral margins in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 11D, E), while bisinuate in P. gracilis (Fig. 3J, K); phallus with distance between the latero-apical thorns much smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 11D, E), while barely smaller in P. gracilis (Fig. 3J, K).

Male (Fig. 12A). Body stout, black, pronotum cinnabar red, with a black patch in middle of disc, which extending to both anterior and posterior margins, elytra red.

Head dorsally flat, antennae reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomere I flattened dorsally, III long-triangular, 1.3× as long as wide, lamellae of IV–X nearly parallel-sided along the whole length, 1.7–4.7× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, XI parallel-sided and 6.7× as long as wide.

Pronotum trapezoidal, flat, and wider than long, with rounded anterior angles and acute posterior angles, anterior margin arched, lateral margins nearly straight and posterior margin weakly bisinuate. Scutellum narrowed posteriorly and obviously emarginate at apex.

Elytra barely widened posteriorly, primary costae barely stouter than secondary ones only at the humeral part, cells squared to transverse.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 3.3× as long as wide, moderately widened at basal part and arcuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance much smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 11D, E), weakly bent dorsally and tapered distad in lateral view (Fig. 11F).

Female (Fig. 12B). Similar to male, but body stouter, antennae reaching basal 1/3 length of elytra when inclined, antennomeres III–V all nearly triangular, lamellae of VI–X 1.1–1.5× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself, pronotum with black patch never extending to anterior or posterior margin.

(Fig. 1). China (Zhejiang).

The name of the species is derived from the name of the type locality, Zhejiang Province, China.

Figure 12. 

Habitus, dorsal view: Ponyalis zhejiangensis sp. nov. (A, B); P. hainanensis sp. nov. (C, D). A, C males B, D females. Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Holotype : ♂ (IZAS), China, Hainan, Jianfeng, 21.V.1980, leg. F. J. Pu. Paratype: 1♀ (IZAS), same data as the holotype.

This new species can be readily identified from all other Ponyalis by the combination of the following characters: pronotum uniformly black, elytra red (Fig. 12C, D); male antennomere I flattened dorsally, III and IV long-triangular, lamella of VI longer, 1.8× longer than joint itself (Fig. 12C); elytral primary costae much stouter than the secondary ones, cells transverse (Fig. 12C, D); phallus widened near middle and sinuate at lateral margins, projected distad and narrowly rounded at apical margin in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 11G, H).

It looks like P. klapperichi in the general appearance, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: male pronotum broad (0.7× longer than wider) (Fig. 12C), while slender in P. klapperichi (0.9–1.0× longer than wider) (Fig. 6A); lamella of antennomere VII 2.3× longer than joint itself (Fig. 12C), while 3.0× in P. klapperichi (Fig. 6A); phallus moderately projected distad at apical margin (Fig. 11G, H), while nearly straight in P. klapperichi (Fig. 5A, B).

Male (Fig. 12C). Body stout, black, pronotum dark-brown, elytra cinnabar red.

Head dorsally flat, antennae reaching elytral mid-length when inclined, antennomere I barely flattened dorsally, III–IV long-triangular, 1.3–1.5× as long as wide, lamellae of V–VII extended along whole length of corresponding stem and tapered laterally, 1.5–2.3× longer than the corresponding antennomere itself.

Pronotum trapezoidal, flat, and barely wider than long, with rounded anterior angles and rectangular posterior angles, anterior margin arched, lateral margins weakly sinuate and posterior margin bisinuate. Scutellum barely narrowed posteriorly and obviously emarginate at apex.

Elytra barely widened posteriorly, primary costae stouter than secondary ones, primary costae II, III and IV stouter than others in whole length of elytra, most cells rectangular.

Aedeagus: phallus stout, 2.1× as long as wide, abruptly widened at middle and sinuate at lateral margins, moderately projected distad at apical margin and narrowly rounded at apex in dorsal and ventral views, with acute latero-apical angels, between which the distance much smaller than maximal width of trunk (Fig. 11G, H), almost even in width and weakly bent dorsally, truncate at ventro-apical 1/4 in lateral view (Fig. 11I); internal sac membranous and expanded, densely covered with minute tubercles and short bristles on surface, abruptly thinned into a thorn-like apex (Fig. 11 G–I).

Female (Fig. 12D). Similar to male, but body stouter.

(Fig. 1). China (Hainan).

The name of the species is derived from the name of the type locality, Hainan Island, China.

The left pro- and meso-legs, left VIII–XI and right VI–XI antennomeres of the holotype, and both antennomeres II–XI, left proleg, and the right pro- and mesotarsomeres III–V of the paratype are missing.