Research Article |
Corresponding author: Maofa Yang ( gdgdly@126.com ) Corresponding author: Michael D. Webb ( m.webb@nhm.ac.uk ) Academic editor: Ilia Gjonov
© 2024 Chang Han, Bin Yan, Xiaofei Yu, Maofa Yang, Michael D. Webb.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Han C, Yan B, Yu X, Yang M, Webb MD (2024) Three new species of the leafhopper genus Arboridia Zachvatkin (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae), with a key and checklist to known species of China. ZooKeys 1196: 255-269. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.118829
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Three new species of the leafhopper genus Arboridia
Arboridia, Hemiptera, identification key, new species, taxonomy, Typhlocybinae
The leafhopper genus Arboridia Zachvatkin, 1946 belongs to the tribe Erythroneurini of the subfamily Typhlocybinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) and includes two subgenera, Arboridia Zachvatkin, 1946 and Arborifera Sohi & Sandhu, 1971. Species feed on a variety of plants including fruit trees, hawthorn, maple, honeysuckle, dogwood and several other plants (
In this study, three new species are described from Guizhou, China. Photographs of the whole body, illustrations of male genitalia, and biological information such as host plants and distributional records are provided. In addition, an updated key to the Arboridia species from China is provided.
Specimens used in this study were collected from grape, kiwi and walnut trees in Guizhou, China using a sweep net. A Nikon SMZ 1270 microscope was used to dissect the specimens and an Olympus CX41 microscope for observing and drawing the male genitalia. A KEYENCE VHX-6000 digital microscope was used to take pictures of the male habitus. Morphological terminology used in this work follows
Arboridia Zachvatkin, 1946: 153. Type species. Typhlocyba parvula Boheman, 1845.
Khoduma
Dworakowska, 1972: 403. Synonymised by
Head slightly narrower than pronotum, crown weakly produced with fore margin rounded. Head and thorax yellow; vertex usually with pair of dark subapical spots; pronotum usually with irregular brown symmetric markings; scutellum with brown basal triangles. Forewing either without marking, with oblique vittae or with dark spots. Ventral abdominal apodemes small and extended to or beyond posterior margin of 3rd sternite. Male pygofer with widespread microtrichia and several small rigid setae on inner surface of hind margin; dorsal appendage present, free from pygofer side; ventral appendage absent; phragma lobe with spine-like setae present on each side of aedeagus, attached to dorsal apodeme of aedeagus by ligaments (Fig.
Palaearctic and Oriental regions.
1. Arboridia agrillacea (Anufriev, 1969b: 182–183, fig. 13: 1–6, Erythroneura); Anufriev, 1978a: 87, transferred to Arboridia; Song & Li, 2013: 243–244, figs J, j, jj, 63–69; Arboridia koreana Oh & Jung, 2015: 447–448, figs 1, 3, 5, 7, 9–15, synonym. Distribution: Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan.
2. Arboridia anteoculara Song & Li, 2013: 230–233, figs A, a, 1–7. Distribution: Guizhou.
3. Arboridia apicalis (Nawa, 1913a: 480–486, Pl. 24, Zygina); Cockerell, 1920a: 247, Erythroneura; Erythroneura sandagouensis Vilbaste, 1968a: 108, synonym; Anufriev, 1969b: 185–186, fig. 15: 8–13; Dworakowska, 1970g: 607–608, fig. 18, transferred to Arboridia. Distribution: Anhui, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shannxi, Shandong, Taiwan, Zhejiang.
4. Arboridia baiyunensis Song & Li, 2013: 233–234, figs B, b, 8–14. Distribution: Henan.
5. Arboridia (Arborifera) changlingensis Jiang, Luo & Song, 2021: 354–355, figs 5–8, 27–34. Distribution: Guizhou.
6. Arboridia cincta Song & Li, 2015: 585–587, figs A–C, 1–7. Distribution: Henan.
7. Arboridia cuihuashana Song & Li, 2013: 237–238, figs E, e, 29–35. Distribution: Shaanxi.
8. Arboridia echinata Song & Li, 2013: 239–240, figs G, g, gg, 42–48. Distribution: Guizhou.
9. Arboridia furcata Han, sp. nov. Distribution: Guizhou.
10. Arboridia huajiangensis Jiang, Luo & Song, 2021: 351–353, figs 1–4, 9–26. Distribution: Guizhou.
11. Arboridia jinghongensis Pu, Wang & Song, 2023: 296–297, figs 1a–f, 2a–h. Distribution: Yunnan.
12. Arboridia kakogawana (Matsumura, 1932: 113, Zygina); Ishihara, 1953b: 33, Erythroneura; Dworakowska, 1970g: 610, figs 25–29, transferred to Arboridia. Distribution: Beijing, Guizhou, Shandong, Xinjiang.
13. Arboridia lunula Song & Li, 2013: 234–236, figs D, d, 22–28. Distribution: Guizhou.
14. Arboridia luojiashangensis Zhang, Jiang & Song, 2022: 6–8, figs 21–32. Distribution: Guizhou.
15. Arboridia maculifrons (Vilbaste, 1968a: 107, Erythroneura); Dworakowska, 1970g: 611, figs 19–22, transferred to Arboridia. Distribution: Guizhou, Hebei.
16. Arboridia ochracea Song & Li, 2015: 587–588, figs D–F, 8–15. Distribution: Henan.
17. Arboridia paraprocessa Song & Li, 2013: 239, figs F, f, 36–41. Distribution: Guizhou, Henan.
18. Arboridia reniformis Song & Li, 2013: 234, figs C, c, cc, 15–21. Distribution: Yunnan.
19. Arboridia remmi (Vilbaste, 1968a: 103, Erythroneura); Anufriev, 1969b: 183–184, figs 15: 1–7; Dworakowska, 1970g: 613, transferred to Arboridia. Distribution: Guizhou.
20. Arboridia robustipenis Han, sp. nov. Distribution: Guizhou.
21. Arboridia rubrovittata Han, sp. nov. Distribution: Guizhou.
22. Arboridia sinensis Guglielmino, Xu, Buckle & Dong, 2012: 878–881, figs 1: A–F, 2: A–B. Distribution: Yunnan.
23. Arboridia suputinkaensis (Vilbaste, 1968a: 109, Erythroneura); Dworakowska, 1970g: 613, transferred to Arboridia. Distribution: Henan, Zhejiang. https://hoppers.speciesfile.org/otus/43920/overview (
24. Arboridia (Arborifera) surstyli Cai & Xu, 2006: 75–76, figs 1: 1–10. Distribution: Henan, Zhejiang.
25. Arboridia suzukii (Matsumura, 1916b: 396, Zygina); Ishihara, 1953b: 34, Erythroneura; Erythroneura arboricola Vilbaste, 1968a: 101, synonym; Dworakowska, 1970g: 613, transferred to Arboridia. Distribution: Gansu, Guizhou, shannxi, shanxi, Taiwan. https://hoppers.speciesfile.org/otus/43922/overview.
26. Arboridia tridentata Song & Li, 2013: 240–241, figs H, h, 49–55. Distribution: Yunnan.
27. Arboridia xiaotungensis Zhang, Jiang & Song, 2022: 2–5, figs 1–20. Distribution: Guizhou.
28. Arboridia zhenyuana Song & Li, 2013: 242–243, figs I, i, 56–62. Distribution: Gansu.
(modified from
1 | Preatrium of aedeagus short or absent (Arborifera) | 2 |
– | Preatrium of aedeagus well developed (Figs |
3 |
2 | Aedeagal shaft with pair of sharp inverted processes on dorsal margin | A. surstyli |
– | Aedeagal shaft with one broad triangular process on dorsal margin | A. changlingensis |
3 | Aedeagus without process, shaft with pair of lateral flanges | 4 |
– | Aedeagus with processes, shaft without pair of lateral flanges | 6 |
4 | Aedeagal shaft with lateral flanges serrate | A. zhenyuana |
– | Aedeagal shaft with lateral flanges not serrate | 5 |
5 | Aedeagal shaft with lateral flanges narrow, entire | A. agrillacea |
– | Aedeagal shaft with larger lateral flanges partly wrapped around shaft | A. jinghongensis |
6 | Aedeagus with one process | 7 |
– | Aedeagus with more than one process | 9 |
7 | Aedeagus with process arising from preatrium | A. apicalis |
– | Aedeagus with process arising from midlength of shaft | 8 |
8 | Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme extremely expanded in lateral view | A. sinensis |
– | Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme narrow in lateral view | A. tridentata |
9 | Aedeagus with one or two pairs of processes | 10 |
– | Aedeagus with three or more processes | 19 |
10 | Aedeagal shaft with two pairs of processes, one at apex and one at base | A. ochracea |
– | Aedeagal shaft with one pair of processes arising from apex or base | 11 |
11 | Aedeagus with processes arising from base of shaft | 12 |
– | Aedeagus with processes arising from apex of shaft | 15 |
12 | Aedeagus with two pairs of basal processes | A. anteoculara |
– | Aedeagus with one pair of basal processes | 13 |
13 | Aedeagus with processes slender and bent basad apically (Figs |
A. furcata sp. nov. |
– | Aedeagus with processes stout and straight | 14 |
14 | Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme narrow in lateral view | A. lunula |
– | Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme extremely expanded in lateral view | A. maculifrons |
15 | Aedeagus with apical processes directed basally | 16 |
– | Aedeagus with apical processes directed distally | 18 |
16 | Apex of aedeagal shaft acuminate in ventral view | A. cincta |
– | Apex of aedeagal shaft truncate in ventral view | 17 |
17 | Aedeagus without subapical bifurcation in ventral view | A. reniformis |
– | Aedeagus with subapical bifurcation in ventral view | A. xiaotungensis |
18 | Aedeagal shaft without spines | A. cuihuashana |
– | Aedeagal shaft with numerous short spines | A. echinata |
19 | Aedeagal shaft with two or three processes at midlength | 20 |
– | Aedeagal shaft with one pair of apical processes | 22 |
20 | Aedeagal shaft with three processes subbasally, a pair of upper bifurcate processes and a slightly more ventral process (Figs |
A. rubrovittata sp. nov. |
– | Aedeagal shaft with two processes at midlength | 21 |
21 | Aedeagal shaft with two processes fused for 2/3 of their length (Figs |
A. robustipenis sp. nov. |
– | Aedeagal shaft with two processes one above the other | A. luojiashangensis |
22 | Apical processes of aedeagal shaft directed basally | 23 |
– | Apical processes of aedeagal shaft directed distally | 24 |
23 | Aedeagal shaft with slender apical processes, without ventral protrusion | A. suputinkaensis |
– | Aedeagal shaft with short apical processes, with small ventral protrusion | A. huajiangensis |
24 | Preatrium of aedeagus longer than shaft | 25 |
– | Preatrium of aedeagus shorter than shaft | 26 |
25 | Aedeagal shaft with numerous short spines | A. suzukii |
– | Aedeagal shaft without spines | A. remmi |
26 | Aedeagal shaft with distinct extension at midlength | A. baiyunensis |
– | Aedeagal shaft without extension at midlength | 27 |
27 | Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme and shaft narrow in lateral view; preatrium with a long ventral process | A. paraprocessa |
– | Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme and shaft expanded in lateral view; preatrium with a short ventral process | A. kakogawana |
Dorsum yellowish brown; eyes grey with posterior margin beige; vertex with a pair of black spots subapically; coronal suture indistinct distally, pale brown basally (Figs
External morphology of Arboridia species 1–4 Arboridia furcata Han, sp. nov. 1 habitus, dorsal view 2 habitus, lateral view 3 head and thorax, dorsal view 4 face 5–9 Arboridia rubrovittata Han, sp. nov. 5 habitus, dorsal view 6 habitus, lateral view 7, 8 head and thorax, dorsal view 9 face 10–13 Arboridia robustipenis Han, sp. nov. 10 habitus, dorsal view 11 habitus, lateral view 12 head and thorax, dorsal view 13 face. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
Arboridia (A.) furcata Han, sp. nov. 14 male genitalia, lateral view 15 subgenital plate, dorsal view 16 subgenital plate, ventral view 17 aedeagus, connective and style, lateral view 18 abdominal apodemes 19 aedeagus, connective and style, ventral view 20 style, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Ventral abdominal apodemes small, extended to 4th sternite (Figs
Male genitalia. Pygofer dorsal appendage simple, slender and wavy, with the apex obliquely truncate (Figs
Body length males 3.0–3.2 mm, females 3.2–3.3 mm.
Holotype ♂: China, Guizhou Prov., Dejiang, 22.VII.2017, coll. Chang Han and Bin Yan, on grape (GUGC). Paratypes: 5♂♂, 5♀♀, same data as holotype.
The new species is named from the Latin word “furcatus”, referring to the forked aedeagal process.
The new species is similar to Arboridia (A.) anteoculara Song & Li, 2013, but differs in only having a pair of processes on the ventrobasal surface of aedeagal shaft (Figs
Vitis vinifera L. (grape).
Dorsum orange, yellow or beige. Eyes black, inner and posterior margins white (Figs
Ventral abdominal apodemes small, extended to posterior margin of 3rd sternite (Figs
Male genitalia. Pygofer dorsal appendage claw-like (Figs
Arboridia (Arboridia) rubrovittata Han, sp. nov. 29 male genitalia, lateral view 30 style, lateral view 31 subgenital plate 32 abdominal apodemes 33 aedeagus, connective and style, lateral view 34 aedeagus, lateral view 35 aedeagus, ventral view 36 aedeagus, connective and style, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Body length males 2.7–2.9 mm, females 2.9–3.0 mm.
Holotype ♂: China, Guizhou Prov., Jianhe, 26.V.2017, coll. Chang Han and Yaowen Zhang, on kiwi (GUGC). Paratypes: 23♂♂, 25♀♀, same data as holotype on kiwi; 3♂♂, 6♀♀, China, Guizhou Prov., Wujiang, 19.V.2017, coll. Chang Han and Bin Yan, on walnut (GUGC).
The new species name is derived from the Latin words “ruber” (red) and “vittatus” (banded), referring to the reddish-orange oblique stripes on the forewings.
The new species can be distinguished from most Arboridia species by its vertex and pronotum without dark spots (Figs
Actinidia chinensis Planch (kiwi fruit); Juglans regia L. (walnut).
Head with eyes black with posterior margin pearl white; crown yellow with a dark yellow spot at apex, an adjacent brown spot posteriorly on each side of midline and a brown patch at base of coronal suture (Figs
Abdominal apodemes small, not exceeding posterior margin of 3rd sternite (Figs
Male genitalia. Pygofer dorsal appendage tapering and curved ventrad (Figs
Arboridia (Arboridia) robustipenis Han, sp. nov. 45 male genitalia, lateral view 46 style, lateral view 47 subgenital plate 48 aedeagus, connective and style, lateral view 49 abdominal apodemes 50 aedeagus, lateral view 51 aedeagus & pygofer dorsal appendage, ventral view 52 aedeagus, connective and style, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Body length males 2.9–3.2 mm, females 3.0–3.3 mm.
Holotype : ♂, China, Guizhou Prov., Wujiang, 19.V.2017, coll. Chang Han and Bin Yan, on walnut (GUGC). Paratypes: 5♂♂, 7♀♀, same data as holotype on walnut; 50♂♂61♀♀, China, Guizhou Prov., Xiuwen, 19.VII.2017, coll. Chang Han and Bin Yan, on kiwi (GUGC)
The new species name is derived from the Latin words “robustus” and “penis”, and refers to the robust aedeagal shaft in lateral view.
The new species can be distinguished from A. (A.) luojiashangensis Zhang & Song, 2022 by the aedeagus with strongly laterally compressed shaft “C” shaped; the paired basal processes fused for 2/3 of their length like a forked tongue (Figs
Actinidia chinensis Planch (kiwi fruit); Juglans regia L. (walnut).
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
No ethical statement was reported.
The study was supported by the Program of Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32360393, 31802002), Guizhou Province Science and Technology Innovation Talent Team Project (Qian Ke He Pingtai Rencai-CXTD [2021]-004) and the Basic Research Program (the natural science projects) of Guizhou Province (ZK[2022]-125).
Conceptualization: XY, CH. Data curation: CH. Formal analysis: CH. Funding acquisition: XY, MY. Investigation: CH, BY. Methodology: CH. Project administration: CH. Writing - original draft: CH. Writing - review and editing: MW, XY, MY.
Bin Yan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5290-4576
Maofa Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-6825
Michael D. Webb https://orcid.org/0000-0000-0000-0000
All of the data that support the findings of this study are available in the main text.