Phymatodiscus Berlese, 1917.

Idiosoma oval, dorsal shield fused with marginal shield in anterior area. Central area of dorsal shield elevated from neighbouring regions and subdivided with a transversal furrow in longer apical and shorter caudal parts. Transversal furrow forms a pair of eye-like depressions in some species. Genital shield of female scutiform; genital shield of male rounded and situated between coxae IV. Prestigmatid part of peritreme hooked. Corniculi horn-like; internal malae longer than corniculi and densely pilose. Gnathosomal setae in one longitudinal row; h1 near anterior margin of gnathosoma; setae h2, h3, and h4 far from setae h1 and near each other. Setae h1 smooth and needle-like; h2 short and robust; h3 long and smooth or serrate; h4 divided into two or three short, serrate branches. Chelicerae with 1–3 teeth on both digits; internal sclerotized pore associated with levantor tendon present. Setae v1 on palp trochanter long, pilose.

All known phymatodiscid species occur in New Guinea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Singapore.

Hirschmann (1979) first introduced a family name, Phymatodiscidae, but it was simply listed and without formal description, diagnosis, or designation of a type genus. Following Halliday’s (2016) suggestion about Hirschmann’s family name, a nomen nudum, we maintain the original name but formally establish it here as a new family. Phymatodiscidae currently includes two genera.

Discopoma miranda Berlese, 1905: 159, by original designation.

Phymatodiscid species lacking a pair of eye-like dorsal depressions. Margins of idiosoma with or without many prolongations.

Phymatodiscid species with one pair of eye-like dorsal depressions.

Bardizon eotvosi sp. nov.

The name was suggested by the older son of the first author and derives from small chocolates, which are similar in shape to the idiosoma of these mites.

Male.

Holotype. Female. Indonesia, East Kalimantan Prov., Berau Ditrict, 1 km off the Tanjungredeb–Tnajungselor road, ca 45 km N of Tanjungredebm 2°29.5'N, 117°28.766'E, 190 m elev., primary forest, 29 September 2008, P. Schwendinger leg. Paratypes. One female and eight males, with the same collection data as the holotype.

Dorsal shield bearing smooth setae except two pairs of apically pilose setae near caudal margin. Surface of dorsal shield smooth, but web-like sculptural pattern situated anterior and posterior to eye-like dorsal depressions. Male sternal shield anterior to genital opening, and female genital shield covered by web-like sculptural pattern.

Female (n = 2). Length of idiosoma 1570–1610, width at level of coxae IV 1130–1145, colour reddish-brown. Shape of idiosoma pentagonal, its caudal margin curved.

Dorsal idiosoma (Figs 1, 4A, B). Marginal and dorsal shields fused anteriorly. Central area elevated from neighbouring regions on dorsal shield (Fig. 4B). One pair of eye-like depressions on elevated central part; margins of depressions covered by smooth, short (ca 42–45), needle-like setae. Majority of dorsal shield with smooth surface; web-like sculptural pattern situated only anterior and posterior to eye-like dorsal depressions on central area and some longitudinal lines present posterior to eye-like depressions. Dorsal shield bearing 35–38 pairs of smooth (ca 70–124 long) and two pairs of apically pilose (ca 75–80 long) setae. Longer (ca 110–125), smooth setae at level of oval depressions and near lateral margin of dorsal shield; apically pilose setae near posterior margin of dorsal shield. Marginal shield with some rounded platelets bearing short (ca 18–22), smooth setae on laterocaudal area and some reticulated sculptural pattern on marginal shield anterior to platelets. Other setae on marginal shield similar in shape and length to setae situated on platelets.

Figure 1. 

Dorsal view of Bardizon eotvosi sp. nov., holotype, female.

Ventral idiosoma (Figs 2, 4C, D). Four pairs of sternal setae present. All sternal setae smooth, needle-like, and ca 23–28 long. Setae st1 inserted near anterior margin of sternal shield; st2 at level of posterior margin of coxae II; st3 at level of posterior margin of coxae III; st4 at level of posterior margin of coxae IV. Sternal shield smooth, two pairs of field of poroid-like structures between coxae II and III and coxae III and IV. One pair of lyriform fissures visible near st1. About 13–16 pairs of ventral setae short (ca 25–34), smooth, and needle-like. About 10–14 pairs of smooth, ca 41–48 long and needle-like setae placed on small platelets.; these setae on two pairs of strongly sclerotized, slightly elevated ventral grooves posterior to pedofossae IV. Surface of ventral shield ornamented by oval pits posterior to coxae IV; other part of surface smooth. Anal opening oval (30–32 long and 28–30 wide); anal valves smooth, without euanal setae. Adanal (ca 27–29 long) and postanal (ca 38–41 long) setae smooth and needle-like. Two pairs of poroid-like structures and one pair of lyriform fissures situated lateral to anal opening. Anal area slightly elevated from neighbouring regions.

Figure 2. 

Ventral view of Bardizon eotvosi sp. nov., holotype, female.

Genital shield scutiform, length 430–440, basal width 300–315, situated between coxae II and IV; surface of genital shield covered by web-like structures. Stigmata situated between coxae II and III. Presitgmatid part of peritremes with two bends; postsigmatid part very short. Pedofossae deep, their surface smooth, with separate furrow for tarsi IV. Some oval pits situated outside margin of pedofossae. Tritosternum with narrow base; its laciniae subdivided into two pilose lateral branch and one smooth central branch (Fig. 3A).

Figure 3. 

Dorsal view of Bardizon eotvosi sp. nov., holotype, female A ventral view of gnathosoma B ventral view of palp (arrow shows the palp apothele) C leg I in ventral view D leg II in ventrolateral view E leg III in ventrolateral view F leg IV in ventrolateral view G intercoxal area of male paratype.

Gnathosoma (Fig. 3A, B). Corniculi smooth and horn-like; internal malae narrow and pilose, longer than corniculi. Hypostomal setae h1 and h3 smooth and needle-like (48–55 long); h2 short (ca 16–18) and robust; and h4 (36–39) antler-shaped. Deutosternal groove wide until h3, afterwards narrow; three rows of denticles posterior to setae h3. Chelicerae with internal sclerotized nodes. One central teeth situated on both cheliceral digit,, fixed digit as long as movable digit. Palp trochanter setae v1 short and robust (ca 32–34); v2 very long and pilose (ca 118–122). Other setae on palp segments smooth. Palp apothele with two branches (Fig. 3B). Epistome marginally pilose.

Legs (Fig. 3C–F). Length of legs (from base of coxae to apex of tarsi): I 665–680, II 525–540, III 485–500, IV 505–518. Leg I with ambulacral claws, but shorter than other legs. On all legs majority of setae needle-like, but some setae serrate and several setae pilose on other leg segments.

Male (n = 8). Body 1570–1610 long and 1090–1115 wide at level of coxae.

Dorsal idiosoma. As for the female.

Ventral idiosoma (Figs 3G, 4E). Intercoxal area, with sternal setae and genital shield as in Fig. 3G. Sternal setae smooth and needle-like. Setae st1 (ca 16–18) near anterior margin of sternal shield; st2 (ca 25–26) at level of posterior margin of coxae II; st3 (ca 26–28) at level of posterior margin of coxae III; st4 (ca 30–84) at level of central area of coxae IV; st5 (ca 25–27) near posterior margin of genital shield. Surface of sternal shield with web-like sculptural pattern anterior to genital opening and with oval pits posterior to genital opening. One pair of lyriform fissures and one pair of poroid-like structures near st1, two pairs of field of poroid-like structures between coxae II and III and coxae III and IV. Genital shield rounded (ca 70–73 × 67–69), its surface smooth, without eugenital setae, and situated between coxae IV.

Figure 4. 

Photos about Bardizon eotvosi sp. nov., holotype, female A dorsal view of idiosoma B dorsolateral view of idiosoma C ventral view of idiosoma D lateroventral view of idiosoma E ventral view of idiosoma of male paratype.

Other characters as in female.

Developmental stages. Unknown.

The new species is dedicated to Baron Loránd Eötvös (1848–1919), scientist, physicist, the president of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1889–1905) and Minister of the Culture (1894–1895) on the 125^th anniversary of his birth.

The new species is most similar to B. akoii (Hiramatsu, 1985), the most important differences being summarized in Table 1.