Research Article |
Corresponding author: Kee-Jeong Ahn ( kjahn@cnu.ac.kr ) Academic editor: Mariano Michat
© 2016 Dae-Hyun Lee, Kee-Jeong Ahn.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Lee D-H, Ahn K-J (2016) A taxonomic review of the Hydraenidae in South Korea (Coleoptera). ZooKeys 634: 57-78. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.634.10640
|
A taxonomic study of the South Korean Hydraenidae is presented. Eight species in two genera are recognized, one of which is reported for the first time in the Korean peninsula, Ochthebius marinus (Paykull). It was also found that Hydraena riparia Kugelann and O. inermis Sharp previously recorded in South Korea were incorrect identifications of H. puetzi Jäch and O. lobatus Pu, respectively. Habitus and SEM photographs, line drawings of aedeagus, distribution maps, keys, and redescriptions of the species are provided.
Coleoptera , Hydraenidae , South Korea, taxonomy
The Hydraenidae, relatively small water beetles with unique habitus, are usually found at margins of running water, slowly flowing water, and stagnant water in the vicinity of lotic biotopes (
Members of the Hydraenidae are characterized by combination of the following features: separation of the gula and submentum by confluent genae; presence of an anterior plate-like premento-hypopharyngeal extension; large labrum with a deep medial incision in some species; and palpigers connected by a transverse sclerotized bar (
In this paper, one species is reported for the first time in the Korean peninsula, O. marinus (Paykull). It was also found that H. riparia and O. inermis previously recorded in South Korea were incorrect identifications of H. puetzi and O. lobatus, respectively. Habitus and scanning electron microscopy photographs, keys, redescriptions, and diagnostic characters with illustrations of the species are provided.
To identify South Korean hydraenid species more reliably, they were compared with voucher specimens in the Natural History Museum (NHM, London, United Kingdom), Naturhistorisches Museum (
1 | Anterior margin of mentum (Fig. |
Hydraena |
– | Anterior margin of mentum (Fig. |
Ochthebius |
Hydraena Kugelann, 1794: 578. Type species Hydraena riparia Kugelann, 1794.
Labral-mandibular interlocking device present. Mentum (Fig.
1 | Body brown to dark blue; longitudinal median genal suture and longitudinal inner genal carina complete | Hydraena |
– | Body yellowish brown; longitudinal median genal suture and longitudinal inner genal carina incomplete or absent | Hydraenopsis |
Hydraena Kugelann, 1794: 578. Type species: Hydraena riparia Kugelann, 1794.
See
Lateral margin of labrum (Fig.
Hydraena
(s. str.) puetzi Jäch, 1994: 43;
SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon Prov.: 1♀, Goseong-gun, Ganseong-eub, Jinburyeong, N38°15'59" E128°23'04", 640m, 21.VII.2004, KM Yang, JS Park, leaf litter; 1♂ 2♀♀,Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Changchon-ri, Unduryeong-hill, 10.VIII.2012, SW Jeong, mountain stream; 1♂, Hongcheon-gun, Seo-myeon, Bangok-ri, Bangokgyo, 17.IX.2009, DH Lee, mountain stream (1♂, on slide); 1♂ 3♀♀, Pyeongchang-gun, Daegwanryeong-eub, Yucheon-ri, Haewon-temple, 15.IX.2009, YJ Park, under stone on stream margin (1♂, on slide); 1♀, Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Dongsan-ri, Mt. Odaesan, Sangwon-temple, 16.VIII–15.IX. 2001, SJ Park, CW Shin, FIT; 1♂, same data as former except for, 8.V.2004, DH Lee, stream; 1♂, same data as former except for, 8.V.2004, DH Lee, stream; 9♂♂ 11♀♀, same data as former except for, Mt. Odaesan, 22.V.2012, DH Lee, springfed pool; 1♂, Samcheok-si, Gagok-stream, 25.VI.1985. SH Lee; 3♀♀, Yeongwol-gun, Suju-myeon, Mt. Baehyang-san, 17.VII.2010, SW Jeong, mountain stream; Gyeongbuk Prov.: 1♀, Uljin-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Eungbongsan, 6.VI.1995, SH Lee; 1♂, Uljin-gun, Seo-myeon, Wangpi-ri, Golan-bridge, N36°54'27.1" E129°14'34.2", 385m, 26.IV.2012, DH Lee, mountain stream; Gyeonggi Prov.: 1♀, Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Jeongmok-ri, Garim-bridge, 16.IX.2010, SW Jeong, stream; 1♂, Paju-si, Jangdan-myeon, Nosang-ri, 21.IX.2012, SW Jeong, stream.
Hydraena puetzi:
Length 2.0–2.3 mm. Head black; pronotum and elytra brown to dark blue; ventral surface dark brown. Head (Fig.
Hydraena puetzi. 6 head (dorsal aspect) 7 head (ventral aspect) 8 mentum (ventral aspect) 9 maxillary palpus (ventral aspect) 10 pronotum (dorsal aspect) 11 anterior part of elytron (dorsal aspect) 12 posterior part of elytron (dorsal aspect) 13 prosternum (ventral aspect) 14 mesoventrite (ventral aspect) 15 mesotibia in male (dorsal aspect) 16 metaventrite (ventral aspect) 17 abdominal sternites (ventral aspect).
Korea, China (Liaoning, Shandong), Russia (Far East).
They are found under leaves or stones in margins of mountain streams. Some specimens were collected from submerged branch and leaves in seepage on small cliff.
Hydraenopsis Janssens, 1972: 254. Type species: Hydraenopsis vietnamensis Janssens, 1972.
Transverse anterior inner gular carina absent; mesosternal intercoxal process protruding from mesosternal disc at an angle of 150°–180°; at least one of the two parameres shifted (
Hydraena
miyatakei
Satô, 1959: 62; Hydraena (Hydraenopsis)miyatakei:
SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon Prov.: 1♀, Pyeongchang-gun, Baesujang, 29 VII 1994, SH Lee.
Hydraena (Hydraenopsis) miyatakei:
Korea, China (Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong), Japan, Russia (Far East).
Only one specimen of this species was colleced, not suitable for description or illustration.
Ochthebius Leach, 1815: 95. Type species: Helophorus marinus Paykull, 1798.
Body (Fig.
1 | Pronotum widest at anterior third to three seventh part, protruded laterally | 2 |
– | Pronotum widest at middle part, rounded laterally | 5 |
2 | Elytra (Fig. |
O. lobatus |
– | Elytra (Figs |
3 |
3 | Maxillary palpomere 3 (Fig. |
O. hasegawai |
– | Maxillary palpomere 3 (Figs |
4 |
4 | Medial part of metaventrite (Fig. |
O. marinus |
– | Medial part of metaventrite (Fig. |
O. satoi |
5 | Pronotal longitudinal groove distinct ( |
O. ahni |
– | Pronotal longitudinal groove indistinct ( |
O. parki |
Ochthebius hasegawai. 18 mentum (ventral aspect) 19 antennae (lateral aspect) 20 maxillary palpus (ventral aspect) 21 pronotum (dorsal aspect) 22 anterior part of elytron (dorsal aspect) 23 mesoventrite (ventral aspect) 24 metaventrite (ventral aspect) 25 male terminal sternite (ventral aspect).
Ochthebius marinus. 34 mentum (ventral aspect) 35 head (ventral aspect) 36 maxillary palpus (ventral aspect) 37 pronotum (dorsal aspect) 38 anterior part of elytron (dorsal aspect) 39 posterior part of elytron (dorsal aspect) 40 mesoventrite (ventral aspect) 41 metaventrite (ventral aspect).
Ochthebius satoi. 42 mentum (ventral aspect) 43 gena and gula (ventral aspect) 44 maxillary palpus (dorsal aspect) 45 pronotum (dorsal aspect) 46 anterior part of elytron (dorsal aspect) 47 mesoventrite (ventral aspect) 48 metaventrite (ventral aspect) 49 male terminal sternite (ventral aspect).
Ochthebius Leach, 1815: 95. Type species: Helophorus marinus Paykull, 1798.
See
Lateral margin of pronotum (Figs
Ochthebius
(s. str.) ahni Jäch & Delgado, 2014: 85;
Holotype: 1♂ (CNUIC), with labels as follows: “KOREA: Gyeongbuk prov.: Kugae, 6 VII 1991, K. J. Ahn, ex., rock crevice., Holotype Ochtebius ahni sp. n.
Ochthebius ahni:
See
Korea.
Ochthebius
(s. str.) hasegawai Nakane & Matsui, 1986: 81;
Ochthebius mamagri Shatrovsky, 1989: 263.
SOUTH KOREA: Chungnam Prov.: 1♀, Nonsan-si, Beolgok-myeon, Sajeong-ri, N36°11'41.77" E127°16'18.77" 118 m, 24 V 2014, IS Yoo, under stone in stream; Gyeongbuk Prov.: 6♂♂ 8♀♀, Uljin-gun, Giseong-myeon, Dacheon-ri, Giseong-stream 17 VII 1995, SH Lee, mountain stream (3♂2♀, on slides); Gyeonggi Prov.: 1♀, Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Dodae-ri, Seungcheon-temple, 5 VII 2013, SW Jeong, HJ Park, stream.
Ochthebius hasegawai:
Length 1.6–2.0 mm. Body dark blue to black. Mentum (Fig.
The specimens were collected under boulders in a fast-flowing stream.
Ochthebius
(s. str.) lobatus Pu, 1958: 256;
SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon Prov.: 4♂♂ 2♀♀, Samcheok-si, Wondeok-eub, Wolcheon-ri, Gagok-steam, 1 V 1994, SH Lee, beside stream (4♂1♀, on slides); 5♂♂ 7♀♀, same data as former except for, 1 VI 1995; 1♀, same data as former except for, 25 VI 1995; Gyeongbuk Prov.: 2♂♂ 3♀♀, Uljin-gun, Namdae-stream, 17 VII 1995, SH Lee.
Ochthebius lobatus:
Length 2.2–2.6 mm. Head dark brown; pronotum and elytra brown to dark brown; ventral surface mostly brown. Dorsum (Figs
Korea, China (Chongqing, Jilin, Liaoning, Sichuan, Yunnan).
Helophorus marinus Paykull, 1798: 245.
Ochthebius pallidus Mulsant, 1844: 61.
Ochthebius holmbergi Mannerheim, 1853: 166.
Ochthebius subabruptus Rey, 1885: 23.
Ochthebius
(s. str.) marinus Jäch, 1992: 112;
SOUTH KOREA: Gyeonggi Prov.: 2♂♂ 3♀♀, Ansan-si, Danwon-gu, Daebudo-dong, Dongju-salt farm, N37°14'05.60" E126°36'19.55" 4 m, 7 XI 2013, DH Lee, IS Yoo, SG Lee, saline pond near salt farm (1♂, on slide).
Length 1.7–2.0 mm. Head metallic dark green; pronotum mostly pale yellowish brown and medial part brown; elytra pale yellow and rows of serial punctures dark brown; ventral surface mostly dark brown. Mentum (Fig.
Asia: Korea, China (Beijing, Heilongjiang), Russia (East Siberia); Europe: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden; North America.
The specimens were collected in saline pond (salinity 32.84‰) with algae and plentiful vegetation near salt farm. They were found with Hydroglyphus coreanus Lee & Ahn (Dytiscidae), Berosus lewisius Sharp, B. spinosus (Steven), Enochrus simulans (Sharp), and Paracymus aeneus (Germar) (Hydrophilidae).
This species is recorded for first time in Korea.
Ochthebius
(s. str.) parki Jäch & Delgado, 2014: 88;
Holotype: 1♂ (CNUIC), with labels as follows: “Geoje City, Gabae-ri, 1 VII 2000, K.-J. Ahn, H.-J. Kim, M.-J. Jeon, on barnacles, Holotype Ochtebius parki sp. n.
Ochthebius parki:
See
Korea.
Ochthebius
(s. str.) satoi Nakane, 1965: 51;
SOUTH KOREA: Chungbuk Prov.: 2♂♂ 4♀♀, Okcheon-gun, Okcheon-eub, Gyodong-ri, 4 V 1990, SH Lee, beside stream; Gangwon Prov.: 3♂♂ 5♀♀, Samcheok-si, Wondeok-eub, Wolcheon-ri, Gagok-steam, 1 VI 1995, SH Lee, beside stream (3♂♂ 1♀, on slides); Gyeongbuk Prov.: 10♂♂ 7♀♀, Uljin-gun, Giseong-myeon, Dacheon-ri, Giseong-stream 17 VII 1995, SH Lee, ex. mountain stream (2♂♂ 2♀♀, on slides); 2♂♂ 1♀, Uljin-gun, Wonnam-myeon, Gilgok-ri, Maehwa-stream, beside stream (2♂♂, on slides); Gyeonggi Prov.: 1♀, Yeoncheon-gun, Jangnam-myeon, Wondal-ri, Samicheon-bridge, 5 VII 2014, SW Jeong, stream; Jeonbuk Prov.: 1♀, Buan-gun, Byeonsan-myeon, Junggye-ri, Jikso-fall, 11 VII 2014, SW Jeong, mountain stream.
Ochthebius satoi:
Length 1.6–1.8 mm. Head dark brown; pronotum and elytra yellowish brown; ventral surface mostly brown. Mentum (Fig.
Korea, Japan, China (Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Taiwan), Russia (Far East).
This study revises the number and taxonomic status of hydraenid species known to occur in South Korea. In total, eight species are recognized. Two species (O. ahni and O. parki) are apparently endemic to the South Korean fauna (
Diversity of South Korean Hydraenidae is very low compared to other adjacent countries, such as China (82 endemic species out of 100 species), Japan (29 endemic species out of 35 species), and the Far East Russia (no endemic species out of 11 species) (
We thank Dr. M. A. Jäch (