A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada

Jose Fernandez-Triana; Caroline Boudreault; Joel Buffam; Ronald Maclean

doi:10.3897/zookeys.633.10480

Checklist

A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada

Jose L Fernandez-Triana^‡, Caroline Boudreault^‡, Joel Buffam^‡, Ronald Maclean^‡

‡ Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada

Corresponding author: Jose Fernandez-Triana ( cnc.braconidae@gmail.com )

Academic editor: Kees van Achterberg

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Fernandez-Triana J, Boudreault C, Buffam J, Mclean R (2016) A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada. ZooKeys 633: 1-93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.633.10480

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DEFC1530-7241-4BA6-B778-CA63DB45B422

Abstract

Microgastrinae wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from the city of Ottawa and its surroundings (a 50-km radius circle, ~7,800 km²) were studied based on 1,928 specimens collected between 1894 and 2010, and housed in the Canadian National Collection of Insects. A total of 158 species from 21 genera were identified, which is by far the highest number of species ever recorded for a locality in North America. An annotated checklist of species is provided. Choeras parasitellae (Bouché, 1834) and Pholetesor nanus (Reinhard, 1880) are recorded for the first time in the Nearctic (previously only known from the Palearctic region), Cotesia depressa (Viereck, 1912) is recorded for the first time in Canada (previously only known from the United States), and Cotesia hemileucae (Riley, 1881) and Protapanteles phlyctaeniae (Muesebeck, 1929) are recorded for the first time in the province of Ontario. In Ottawa the most diverse genera are Cotesia, Apanteles, Microplitis, Pholetesor, Microgaster, and Dolichogenidea, altogether comprising 77% of the species found in the area. A total of 73 species (46%) were represented by only one or two specimens, suggesting that the inventory for Ottawa is still relatively incomplete. Seasonal distribution showed several peaks of activity, in spring, summer, and early fall. That general pattern varied for individual species, with some showing a single peak of abundance either in the summer or towards the end of the season, others species attaining two peaks, in late spring and late summer, or in early summer and early fall, and yet others attaining up to three different peaks, in spring, summer and fall. At least 72 of the Microgastrinae species from Ottawa have been previously associated with 554 species of Lepidoptera as hosts – but those historical literature records are not always reliable and in many cases are based on data from areas beyond Ottawa. Thus, our knowledge of the associations between the 158 species of microgastrine parasitoids and the caterpillars of the 2,064 species of Lepidoptera recorded from Ottawa is still very incomplete.

Keywords

Microgastrinae , diversity, North America, Canada, Ottawa

Introduction

Microgastrinae wasps are the second largest subfamily of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) (Yu et al. 2016), and evidence suggests they may eventually prove to be the largest subfamily (e.g., Rodriguez et al. 2013). The number of described species has increased significantly within the past 35 years: in 1980 there were about 1,500 (Papp 1976, Mason 1981), by 2012 there were more than 2,200 (Yu et al. 2012), and currently the total surpasses 2,700 (Yu et al. 2016). The actual diversity worldwide is estimated to be 20,000–46,000 species (Rodriguez et al. 2013), meaning that most likely 10% or even less of the extant species have been described.

At the regional or local level our knowledge about Microgastrinae is also very incomplete, with few biodiversity inventories available and most published information not being comprehensive enough to capture the actual diversity of species. Examples in North America include Lewis and Whitfield (1999), Whitfield and Lewis (2001), Shaw (2002), and Fernandez-Triana et al. (2009, 2011).

Besides its extraordinary diversity, microgastrine wasps are very important in biocontrol efforts against Lepidoptera pests, as they represent the single most important group of caterpillar parasitoids in the world (Whitfield 1997).

This paper analyzes the diversity of Microgastrinae of Ottawa (Canada) and the surrounding areas, discusses the significance of these results for future studies of the group in the Nearctic region, and provides an initial reference point for the Ottawa fauna (with a dynamic species checklist to be available online as well).

Methods

Since 1895, the Ottawa Field-Naturalists’ Club (http://www.ofnc.ca/) has considered a circle with a 50 km radius (approximately 7,800 km²) centered on the Peace Tower in downtown Ottawa as its study area. This human-defined region (variously named as ‘National Capital Region’, ‘Ottawa-Gatineau Region’, ‘Ottawa Region’, ‘Ottawa District’) has been widely adopted and used in many scientific papers and conservation efforts conducted in the city over the past 120 years. We follow the same concept, henceforth calling it simply ‘Ottawa’ for brevity. Figure 1 shows the localities within this 50-km radius where specimens of Microgastrinae had been collected and were available to us for study. For consistency, we do not include data from a few additional species collected in localities slightly out of this 100 km diameter circle even though, from a natural perspective, those species are very likely to be found in Ottawa as well.

Figure 1.

Localities within the city of Ottawa and surroundings where specimens of Microgastrinae were collected (1894–2010, data based on CNC holdings only).

This paper is based on the study of 1,928 specimens, housed in the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa (CNC); they were all databased and assigned to species following the most recent taxonomic information available for Canada (Fernandez-Triana 2010, 2014, 2015, Fernandez-Triana et al. 2013, 2014a, 2014b, 2015). Some specimens could only be identified to genus but in all cases they had unique morphological characteristics and/or DNA barcodes that clearly identified them as distinct species–in those cases we use an alphanumeric species identifier e.g., ‘Apanteles jft09’. In order to allow these provisional species to be recognized and studied further in the future we also provide DNA Barcodes Index Numbers (BINs) (Ratnasingham and Hebert 2013) for them in the annotated species checklist.

Pictures of 36 species are provided to illustrate the diversity of microgastrine wasps in Ottawa. Photos were taken either with a Leica M165 C or a Keyence VHX-1000 Digital Microscope, using a lens with a range of 10–130 ×. Multiple images were taken of a structure through the focal plane and then combined to produce a single in-focus image. For the images taken with the Leica camera, the Zerene Stacker program (http://zerenesystems.com/cms/stacker) was used; software associated with the Keyence System produced focused images taken with that camera. Images were corrected using Adobe Photoshop CS4 and the plates were prepared using Microsoft PowerPoint 2010.

A species checklist was generated using the CNC database (http://www.cnc-ottawa.ca/taxonomy/TaxonMain.php). The list is organized alphabetically by genus and species within a given genus. For every taxon we detail general distribution (outside Ottawa), specimens examined, and notes on species where relevant. For zoogeographic regions we used the following acronyms: NEA-Nearctic, NEO-Neotropics, OTL-Oriental, and PAL-Palearctic.

Using the Scratchpad platform and infrastructure (Smith et al. 2011), the species checklist given here as the initial reference point for the Ottawa fauna of Microgastrinae will be made available online (http://microgastrinae.myspecies.info/content/microgastrinae-ottawa-canada), where updates will be maintained as and when changes occur.

Results

A total of 158 species from 21 genera of Microgastrinae are recorded from Ottawa. Choeras parasitellae (Bouché, 1834) and Pholetesor nanus (Reinhard, 1880) are new records for the Nearctic (previously only known from the Palearctic region). Cotesia depressa (Viereck, 1912) is a new record for Canada (previously only known from the United States). Cotesia hemileucae (Riley, 1881) and Protapanteles phlyctaeniae (Muesebeck, 1929) are new records for Ontario.

The most diverse genera were Cotesia (32 species), Apanteles (31), Microplitis (23), Pholetesor (13), Microgaster (11), and Dolichogenidea (11). These six genera together comprised 77% of the species found in the area. This pattern is similar to that found in both the whole Nearctic region (Whitfield 1995, Yu et al. 2012, 2016) as well as in specific North American localities that have been the focus of biodiversity inventories (Lewis and Whitfield 1999, Whitfield and Lewis 2001, Shaw 2002, Fernandez-Triana et al. 2009, 2011). A notable exception is Glyptapanteles, one of the most diverse genera in North America and elsewhere, but currently with only three species recorded from Ottawa. However, many species of that genus still remain unidentified and further study will certainly reveal a much higher diversity for Glyptapanteles in the area. Five genera of Microgastrinae reached their northernmost known distribution in Ottawa: Alphomelon, Clarkinella, Distatrix, Protomicroplitis and Pseudapanteles (Fernandez-Triana 2010, 2014, 2015, Fernandez-Triana et al. 2014c).

At species level, the most common were Glyptapanteles militaris (Walsh, 1861) (322 specimens), Pholetesor ornigis (Weed, 1887) (157), Glyptapanteles pallipes (Reinhard, 1880) (87), Apanteles nephoptericis (Packard, 1864) (82), Cotesia atalantae (Packard, 1881) (77), Microplitis varicolor Viereck, 1917 (72), Hypomicrogaster zonaria (Say, 1836) (65), Dolichogenidea cacoeciae (Riley, 1881) (59), Hygroplitis melligaster (Provancher, 1886) (47), and Cotesia laeviceps (Ashmead, 1890) (45). Those ten species together represented 53% of all Microgastrinae specimens collected in Ottawa.

There were 50 species (31.4%) represented by only one specimen, and 23 (14.4%) represented by two specimens. The high proportion (45.9%) of singletons and doubletons shows how incomplete the Ottawa species inventory still is. The Chao-1 non-parametric estimator of species richness (Rarefaction Calculator at http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/jbrzusto/rarefact.php#Calculator) estimates 213.35 ± 16.29 species for Ottawa, thus our present knowledge represents less than 75% of the actual total of species to be found there.

Among all listed species, 73 were only identified to genus and have been assigned interim alphanumeric identifiers. Some of them certainly represent new taxa to be described in future papers. Others may represent species already described in Europe and for the present are given interim identifiers until they are compared with Palearctic material.

Regarding zoogeographical affinities, 132 species (83%) found in Ottawa are strictly Nearctic, 16 species (10%) are distributed within the Holarctic, 5 (3%) are recorded from the New World (Nearctic and Neotropics), and 10 (6%) are either truly cosmopolitan or present in at least three different regions (Nearctic/Neotropics/Palearctic or Nearctic/Oriental/Palearctic).

Some of the localities sampled contain special, sometimes unique habitats/ecosystems. Gatineau Park, with a rich biodiversity and a wide range of protected habitats and ecosystems within its 36,000 ha (http://www.ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places-to-visit/gatineau-park/conservation-gatineau-park) contains five species so far found nowhere else within the Ottawa area: Alphomelon winniewertzae Deans, 2003, Cotesia depressa (Viereck, 1912), Cotesia diacrisiae (Gahan, 1917), Distatrix carolinae Fernandez-Triana, 2010, and Microplitis impressus (Wesmael, 1837).

Mer Bleue, a 3,500 ha conservation area with a northern, boreal-like ecosystem more typical of the Subarctic than the Ottawa Valley (http://www.ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places-to-visit/greenbelt/mer-bleue) harbours three species that have not been found elsewhere in the Ottawa area: Cotesia clisiocampae (Ashmead, 1903), Dolichogenidea absona (Muesebeck, 1965), and Pholetesor rhygoplitoides Whitfield, 2006. Similarly, the approximately 1,500 ha of alvar ecosystem near Almonte (Belcher et al. 1992) is the only known Ottawa-area locality for Pholetesor viminetorum (Wesmael, 1837). Further studies on the fauna of Microgastrinae may show that some of those species are more widely distributed within Ottawa or beyond, though some are likely to remain restricted to particular habitats or ecosystems where their hosts occur.

The diversity of Microgastrinae revealed for Ottawa is extraordinary: in spite of being a relatively small area (7,800 km²) its species total would rank 17^th among countries of the world (Table 1). And, when placed within the context of what has been published for other, similarly-sized localities in North America, Ottawa has the highest number of species, double the second most diverse locality (Table 2). Even when accounting for differences in collecting efforts and taxonomic coverage (e.g., it is clear that the relatively low diversity in the Yellowstone National Park is due to insufficient study of its Microgastrinae fauna), the total recorded in Ottawa may not be surpassed by any North American locality at a comparable latitude. The high diversity found in Ottawa likely relates to being a transition from an eastern deciduous forest biome to a boreal biome, with small areas of unusual habitats like dunes, alvars, floodplains, and bogs.

Table 1.

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Microgastrinae diversity by country with over 100 species recorded. Data from Taxapad (Yu et al. 2012), Fauna Europaea (http://www.fauna-eu.org/) and the present paper (for Canada and Ottawa). For Costa Rica the total is a very conservative estimate based on numerous papers published after 2012 on the fauna of Area de Conservación Guanacaste (http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu/caterpillars/database.lasso).

Costa Rica	400+	Finland	163
Hungary	328	Ottawa	158
China	316	Mongolia	157
Russia	293	Italy	150
U.S.A.	284	Ukraine	149
Germany	249	Yugoslavia	139
United Kingdom	234	Democratic Republic of Congo	134
India	210	Bulgaria	124
Canada	196	Korea	124
Czech Republic	190	France	123
Romania	173	Sweden	117
Poland	170	Moldova	113
Switzerland	168	Slovakia	113
Turkey	167	Australia	112
Netherlands	176	Kazakhstan	112

Table 2.

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Microgastrinae diversity in selected North American localities. Data from Lewis and Whitfield (1999), Whitfield and Lewis (2001), Shaw (2002), Fernandez-Triana et al. (2009, 2011), and the present paper.

Locality/ecosystem	Latitude	Species recorded
Yellowstone National Park, Montana/forests	44°N	35
Quebec/apple orchards	45°N	36
Midwestern USA/tall grass prairies	39°N	55
Arkansas/forests	34°N	65
Churchill, Manitoba/boreal forest/tundra	59°N	79
Ottawa, Ontario/diverse habitats	45°N	158

We are not aware of published information for more southern localities, although based on specimens seen in collections (Fernandez-Triana, unpublished), it is clear that southern localities in the United States, when thoroughly sampled and studied, should have higher species totals. But Ottawa presently is the biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae in North America, a result of its habitat diversity and the relatively comprehensive taxonomic studies done on its fauna.

The Ottawa microgastrines we studied were collected from 1894–2010 (Figure 2), with most of the specimens collected either from 1945–1975 or 2007–2008. More recent material (2012–2016) is presently being prepared and will be included in future updates of the current species list.

Figure 2.

Specimens of Microgastrinae collected in Ottawa by decade (1894–2010). Data based on CNC holdings only.

Seasonal distribution of the specimens in general (Figure 3) shows several activity peaks: 1) spring (second half of May to second half of June), 2) a larger peak in summer (late July to early August), and 3) a smaller peak in early fall (September). This pattern is somewhat similar to that found in another intensively studied Canadian locality (Churchill, Manitoba, at 59°N), although there were only two peaks in that more northern area, due to its shorter season (Fernandez-Triana et al. 2011).

Figure 3.

Specimens of Microgastrinae collected in Ottawa bi-weekly (March-November), based on CNC holdings only (1894–2010).

The general pattern varies depending on the species. Among the eight most common species, five show only a single peak of abundance, three in summer (Glyptapanteles militaris, Cotesia atalantae and Hygroplitis melligaster), and two in the fall (Apanteles nephoptericis and Glyptapanteles pallipes). Two species have two peaks, Pholetesor ornigis in late spring and late summer, and Hypomicrogaster zonaria in early summer and early fall. Microplitis varicolor has three peaks in spring, summer and fall (Fig. 4). As more collected material becomes available, a better picture of species seasonality will be obtained.

Figure 4.

Bi-weekly (March-November) abundance of the eight most common species of Microgastrinae collected in Ottawa, based on CNC holdings only (1894–2010).

Species of Microgastrinae are parasitoids exclusively of Lepidoptera (Whitfield 1997). There are at least 2,064 species of Lepidoptera already recorded from Ottawa (D. Lafontaine, in lit. 2016, Lafontaine 1997; http://www.acleris.com/dls/habitat-diversity.html), with the actual number probably approaching 2,200 species (D. Lafontaine, pers. com.). A literature search shows that 72 of the Microgastrinae species found in Ottawa have been, at some point, recorded parasitizing at least 554 Lepidoptera species (based on data compiled by Yu et al. 2012).

However, it must be pointed that some of those lepidopterans do not actually occur in Ottawa, and some of the reported host/parasitoid associations are likely to be incorrect (see Shaw et al. 2009 for a discussion and examples that demonstrate the pitfalls of using compilations of host/parasitoid abstracted uncritically from the literature). Our knowledge of the association between lepidopteran caterpillars and their microgastrine parasitoids at the local and/or regional level is still very incomplete, and many more studies are needed before some patterns can be reliably established. Thus, in this paper we do not analyze further the relationships between Microgastrinae and Lepidoptera in Ottawa.

Evidence from recent studies in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG), Costa Rica, comprising 11,000+ Lepidoptera and 1,100+ Microgastrinae species (e.g., Janzen and Hallwachs 2016) shows that microgastrine wasps are more specialized (=host specific) than previously thought. Most species have been found parasitizing one/few species of Lepidoptera which are usually phylogenetically related or, alternatively, related ecologically in the niche they occupy (e.g., Fernandez-Triana et al. 2014d). At present there is no comprehensively enough information in North America to compare, but the available (more limited) data suggests that it might well be the same situation as in the tropics. Based on the currently verified and available data, the ratio between species of Lepidoptera (2,064) and Microgastrinae (158) in Ottawa stands at 13.1, very similar to the ratio found in ACG and other regions of world (Fernandez-Triana 2010, Rodriguez et al. 2013, Janzen and Hallwachs 2016). The significance of the Lepidoptera/Microgastrinae ratio has been discussed further in Rodriguez et al. (2013).

Annotated checklist of Microgastrinae from Ottawa, Canada

Alphomelon winniewertzae Deans, 2003

Fig. 5

Distribution

NEA, NEO.

Notes

The status of this species as a potential member of the Species Candidate Lists of The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC, http://www.cosewic.gc.ca/) was assessed by Fernandez Triana (2014).

Material examined

Quebec, Old Chelsea, 45.503548 -75.797963, 351m, 11.viii.1965, J. R. Vockeroth, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00025.

Material examined

Ontario, Aylmer West, 45.400000 -75.850000, 20.vii.1972, Voucher Code: MIC000060; Ottawa, city garden, 45.356 -75.707, 1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0147, CAM0159, CAM0160; 10.viii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0085; 19.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0005; 30.vii-10.viii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM1013; Woodlawn, 45.375 -76.083, 6.viii.2008, L. Masner, Voucher Code: MIC000600.

Apanteles crassicornis (Provancher, 1886)

Fig. 6

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Merivale, 45.325948 -75.719082, 17.viii.1930, J.J. de Gryse, Voucher Code: MIC000071; Ottawa, city garden, 45.356083 -75.706933, 1-19.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CNC280561; 10.viii-1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: MIC000067, MIC000069.

Figure 9.

Apanteles morrisi. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Metasoma dorsal F Head and antenna, dorsal.

Apanteles nephoptericis (Packard, 1864)

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, 45.356083 -75.706933, 15.viii.1955, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC280686; 45.3825 -75.7137, 1.ix.1955, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00172; 15.viii.1955, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00173, MIC000151; 45.406631 -75.701407, 6.ix.1954, R. Lambert, Voucher Code: MIC000154, MIC000155; 7.ix.1955, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: MIC000152, MIC000153; 1.ix.1955, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC474776-CNC474783; 15.viii.1955, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC474788, CNC474789, CNC474790; 17.viii.1955, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC474784, CNC474785, CNC474786, CNC474787; 20.ix.1955, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC474718-CNC474748, CNC474791; 6.ix.1955, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC474763, CNC474764, CNC474765, CNC474766, CNC474767, CNC474768, CNC474769, CNC474770, CNC474771, CNC474772, CNC474773, CNC474774, CNC474775; 7.ix.1955, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC474749, CNC474750, CNC474751, CNC474752, CNC474753, CNC474754, CNC474755, CNC474756, CNC474757, CNC474758, CNC474759, CNC474760, CNC474761, CNC474762.

Apanteles petrovae Walley, 1937

Fig. 10

Distribution

NEA, PAL.

Material examined

Ontario, Constance Bay, 45.486218 -76.073461, 14.v.1946, F.I.S. No.4-19, Voucher Code: CNC474792; 45.486248 -76.073504, 16.v.1934, G.S. Walley, Ottawa, city garden, 45.3561 -75.7069, 5.v-5.vi.2008, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM1000, CAM1002, CAM1006, CAM1008, CAM1009; 45.3561 -75.707, 26.vi.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0073; 30.v.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0019.

Figure 10.

Apanteles petrovae. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Cocoon E Head and mesosoma (partially), dorsal F Head and antenna, ventrally G Metasoma, dorsal.

Apanteles polychrosidis Viereck, 1912

Fig. 11

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Quebec, Aylmer, 45.4 -75.85, 10.vii.2004, S. Laplante, Voucher Code: HYM00001646.

Figure 11.

Apanteles polychrosidis. A Habitus, lateral B Head, lateral C Wings D Metasoma, dorsal E Head and mesosoma (partially), dorsal F Metasoma, lateral.

Apanteles jft01

Distribution

NEA.

Notes

This species corresponds in BOLD to BIN BOLD:AAA6373, with specimens found across Canada and US.

Material examined

Ontario, 5 km NW of Almonte, Hwy 49, Burnt Land, Alvar Prov. Park, Almonte, 45.2549 -76.14, 29.v.2008, Goulet & Fernandez, Voucher Code: CAM0353, CAM0357, CAM0361, CAM0364; Ottawa, city garden, 45.3561 -75.707, 2.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0128; 30.v.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0012, CAM0017; Woodlawn, 45.375 -76.083, 6.viii.2008, L. Masner, Voucher Code: MIC000599, MIC000601.

NEA.

Notes

Material examined

Ontario, 5 km NW of Almonte, Hwy 49, Burnt Land, Alvar Prov. Park, Almonte, 45.255 -76.14, 29.v.2008, Goulet & Fernandez, Voucher Code: CAM0340, CAM0341, CAM0342, CAM0344, CAM0345, CAM0346, CAM0347, CAM0349, CAM0350, CAM0351, CAM0352, CAM0356, CAM0360, MIC000666; Ottawa, city garden, 45.356 -75.707, 1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0146, CAM0151, CAM0163, CAM0166; 10.viii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0039, CAM0113, CAM0115; 19.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0007, CAM0008; 23.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0054; 26.vi.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0062, CAM0072, CAM0076; 30.v.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0011, CAM0013; 30.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0120; 6.vii.2009, L. Masner, Voucher Code: CNCH1025; 8.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0099, CAM0103, CAM0106; 45.356000 -75.707000, 8.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0101.

Choeras consimilis (Viereck, 1911)

Fig. 12

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, 45.3825 -75.7137, 1.ix.1952, J. F. McAlpine, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00278; Quebec, Gatineau Park, 45.600555 -76.042647, 13.vi.1966, D.P. Pielou, Voucher Code: CNC474797; 14.vii.1966, D.P. Pielou, Voucher Code: CNC474794; 15.vi.1965, W.G. Mathewman, Voucher Code: CNC474795; 23.vi.1966, D.P. Pielou, Voucher Code: CNC474793; 4.vii.1966, D.P. Pielou, Voucher Code: CNC474796; 45.60057 -76.042647, 16.vi.1967, W. G. Matthewman, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00272; 22.vi.1966, D. P. Pielou, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00277; 4.vii.1967, W. G. Matthewman, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00279.

Material examined

Ontario, mixed forest, 45.235 -75.624, 29.vi-16.vii.2007, A. Bennett, Voucher Code: CAM0566; Ottawa, city garden, 45.356 -75.707, 1-19.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0914; 1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0084; 10.viii-1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0913; 26.vi-13.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0916, CAM0918; Woodlawn, 45.375 -76.083, 6.viii.2008, L. Masner, Voucher Code: MIC000624, MIC000625.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, 45.3825 -75.7137, 25.v.1943, G. S. Walley, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00557; 45.406631 -75.701407, 25.v.1943, G.S. Walley, Voucher Code: CNC474969, CNC474970, CNC474971, CNC474972, CNC474973, CNC474974, CNC474975, CNC474976, CNC474977, CNC474978, CNC474979, CNC474980, CNC474981, CNC474982, CNC474983, CNC474984, CNC474985, CNC474986, CNC474987, CNC474988, CNC474989, CNC474990, CNC474991, CNC474992, CNC474993, CNC474994, CNC474995, CNC474996, CNC474997, CNC474998, CNC474999, CNC475000, CNC475001, CNC475002, CNC475003, CNC475004, CNC475005, CNC475006, CNC475007, CNC475008, CNC475009, CNC475010, CNC475011, CNC475012.

Cotesia melanoscela (Ratzeburg, 1844)

Fig. 16

Distribution

NEA. OTL, PAL.

Notes

This is mostly a Holarctic species, with some records from the Oriental region due to being a parasitoid of the Gypsy Moth, Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758).

Material examined

Ontario, Kilbirnie, 45.247853 -75.724400, 26.iii.1981, Voucher Code: CNC475048; 31.iii.1981, Voucher Code: CNC475046, CNC475047.

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Aylmer West, 45.4 -75.85, 16.viii.1972, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00790; Innisville, 45.055468 -76.250497, 14.viii.1963, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC475090, CNC475091; mixed forest, 45.2347 -75.624, 29.vi-16.vii.2007, A. Bennett, Voucher Code: CAM0546; Ottawa , 45.419164 -75.709650, 11.vii.1951, Guppy, J.C., Voucher Code: CNC280871; Ottawa, 45.3825 -75.7137, 11.vii.1957, J. C. Guppy, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00787; 45.406631 -75.701407, 28.vi.1947, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC475087; Stittsville, 45.258675 -75.921130, 5.vi.1963, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC475089; 45.258796 -75.92113, 14.vi.1969, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00789; Thurso, 45.596990 -75.243571, 20.viii.1958, L.A. Kelton, Voucher Code: CNC475088; Quebec, Hull, 45.428309 -75.713353, 13.vi.1965, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00788; 45.428550 -75.714554, Malaise trap, vi.1965, Voucher Code: CNC475092; Old Chelsea, 45.500055 -75.814616, 26.v.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, Voucher Code: CNC475093; Thurso, 45.59729 -75.243828, 20.viii.1985, L. A. Kelton, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00786.

Diolcogaster claritibia (Papp, 1959)

Fig. 17

Distribution

NEA, PAL.

Material examined

Ontario, CEF, DBM Field Cage Trials, 45.389959 -75.711949, 23.vi.2010, P. Mason, S. Girardoz, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01690, CNCHYM01691, CNCHYM01692, CNCHYM01693, CNCHYM01694, CNCHYM01695.

Figure 17.

Diolcogaster claritibia. A Habitus, lateral B Mesosoma (partially) and metasoma dorsal C Wings D Mesosoma (partially) and metasoma, lateral E Cocoon.

NEA.

Notes

This species corresponds in BOLD to BIN BOLD:AAB0192, with all specimens collected in Canada.

Material examined

Ontario, mixed forest, 45.2347 -75.624, 29.vi-16.vii.2007, A. Bennett, Voucher Code: CAM0547, CAM0548, CAM0549.

Glyptapanteles pallipes (Reinhard, 1880)

Fig. 25

Distribution

NEA, PAL.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, 45.406631 -75.701407, 30.ix.1925, D. D. Gray, ~, Voucher Code: CNC482135, CNC482136, CNC482137, CNC482138, CNC482139, CNC482140, CNC482141, CNC482142, CNC482143, CNC482144, CNC482145, CNC482146, CNC482147, CNC482148, CNC482149, CNC482150, CNC482161, CNC482162, CNC482163, CNC482164, CNC482165, CNC482166, CNC482167, CNC482168, CNC482169, CNC482170, CNC482171, CNC482172, CNC482173, CNC482174, CNC482175, CNC482176, CNC482177, CNC482178, CNC482179, CNC482180, CNC482181, CNC482182, CNC482183, CNC482184, CNC482185, CNC482186, CNC482187, CNC482188, CNC482189, CNC482190, CNC482191, CNC482192, CNC482193, CNC482194, CNC482195, CNC482196, CNC482197, CNC482198, CNC482199, CNC482200, CNC482201, CNC482202, CNC482203, CNC482204, CNC482205, CNC482206, CNC482207, CNC482208, CNC482209, CNC482210, CNC482211, CNC482212, CNC482213, CNC482214, CNC482215, CNC482216, CNC482217, CNC482218, CNC482219, CNC482220, CNC482151; Quebec, Cantley, Gatineau Co., 45.507888 -75.761995, 22.vii.1973, A.B. Cruins, M. B. Guins, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01322, CNC482152, CNC482153, CNC482154, CNC482155, CNC482156, CNC482157, CNC482158, CNC482159, CNC482160.

Figure 25.

Glyptapanteles pallipes. A Habitus, lateral B Head and mesosoma, dorsal C Habitus, dorsal D Head and mesosoma, dorso-laterally E Metasoma, lateral F Metasoma, dorsal.

Glyptapanteles sp.

Distribution

NEA.

Notes

This species corresponds in BOLD to BIN BOLD:AAA4784, with all specimens collected in North America.

Material examined

Ontario, mixed forest, 45.2347 -75.624, 19-29.vi.2007, A. Bennett, Voucher Code: CAM0554; 7-19.vi.2007, A. Bennett, Voucher Code: CAM0555, CAM0556, CAM0557, CAM0558; Ottawa, city garden, 45.3561 -75.707, 30.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0264, CAM0265, CAM0274; Woodlawn, 45.375 -76.083, 17.viii.2008, L. Masner, Voucher Code: MIC000613; 6.viii.2008, L. Masner, Voucher Code: MIC000607, MIC000608, MIC000609, MIC000610, MIC000611, MIC000612; 8.ix.2008, L. Masner, Voucher Code: MIC000614, MIC000615, MIC000616, MIC000617

Hygroplitis melligaster (Provancher, 1886)

Fig. 26

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, 2 km SW of Innisville, 45.054942 -76.250619, 26.vi.1991, Sharkey & Read, Voucher Code: GOU0314; Aylmer West, 45.395345 -75.844876, Malaise trap, 1-3.viii.1972, Voucher Code: CNC482223; 20-24.vii.1972, Voucher Code: CNC482221, CNC482222; 45.4 -75.85, 22.vii.1972, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01376; Bells Corners, 45.322247 -75.833249, 26.vii.1939, O. Peck, Voucher Code: CNC482224, CNC482225; Galetta, 45.433392 -76.250086, 22.vii.1942, G. S. Walley, Voucher Code: CNC482226; Innisville, 45.055468 -76.250497, 12.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482228; 16.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482229; 18.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482230, CNC482231, CNC482232; 22.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482233, CNC482234, CNC482235, CNC482236, CNC482237, CNC482238, CNC482239, CNC482240, CNC482248; 25.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482241, CNC482242, CNC482243, CNC482244; 28.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482245, CNC482246, CNC482247; Kemptville, 45.016409 -75.64602, 28.vii.1983, W. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01375; 45.016409 -75.646449, Maple Forest, Malaise trap, 19-26.vii.1983, W. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482259, CNC482260; 26-31.vii.1983, W. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482261, CNC482262; Mer Bleue, Ottawa, 45.393594 -75.512139, 9.vii.1982, L. Dumouchel, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01378; Ottawa, 45.406631 -75.701407, Voucher Code: CNC482227; Stittsville, 45.258675 -75.921130, 18.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482257; 2.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482249; 22.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482250; 25.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482251, CNC482252; 28.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482253; 9.viii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482254, CNC482255, CNC482256; 45.258796 -75.92113, 22.viii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01364; 45.259037 -75.920958, 22.viii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC280997.

Material examined

Ontario, Constance Bay, 45.486308 -76.073461, 30.v.1939, G. S. Walley, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01550.

Lathrapanteles heleios Williams, 1985

Fig. 27

Distribution

NEA.

Notes

The status of this species as a potential member of the Species Candidate Lists of COSEWIC was assessed by Fernandez Triana (2014).

Material examined

Ontario, Aylmer West, 45.400000 -75.850000, 27.viii.1972, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01571, CNCHYM01574; Mer Bleue, Ottawa, 45.393578 -75.512127, 10.vi.1975, H.J. Teskey, , 45.393585 -75.512138, 10.vi.1975, H. J. Teskey, Voucher Code: cnc482327, cnc482328, cnc482329, cnc482330, cnc482331, cnc482332, cnc482333, cnc482334, cnc482335, cnc482336, cnc482337, cnc482338, cnc482339, cnc482340, cnc482341, cnc482342, cnc482343, cnc482344, cnc482345, cnc482346; 45.393593 -75.512138, 10.vi.1975, H. J. Teskey, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01570, CNCHYM01573; Mer Bleue, 45.393578 -75.512127, 10.vi.1975, Teskay, H.J. , Voucher Code: CNC281023; Ottawa, city garden, 45.3561 -75.7069, 10.viii-1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0895, CAM0903, CAM0904, CAM0905; 45.3561 -75.707, 1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0266.

Figure 27.

Lathrapanteles heleios. A Wings B Head, frontal C Habitus, lateral D Habitus, dorsal.

Lathrapanteles papaipemae (Muesebeck, 1921)

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Aylmer West, 45.400000 -75.850000, Malaise trap, ~, 27.viii.1972, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01576, CNCHYM01575.

Microgaster canadensis Muesebeck, 1922

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Constance Bay, 45.486218 -76.073461, 21.vii.1933, G. S. Walley, Voucher Code: cnc482347; Corkery, 45.284686 -76.102742, 3.vii.1948, F.I.S., Voucher Code: CNC482348.

Microgaster gelechiae Riley, 1869

Fig. 28

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Jockvale, 45.266494 -75.74418, 8.v.1943, J. McDunmough, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01616; 45.266524 -75.744180, 8.v.1943, McDunnough, J., Voucher Code: CNC281031; Ottawa, 45.382500 -75.713700, 1.v.1975, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01615.

Figure 28.

Microgaster gelechiae. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Antenna E Mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal.

Microgaster leechi Walley, 1935

Fig. 29

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Innisville, 45.054942 -76.250619, 6.viii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01630; 45.055468 -76.250497, 28.vii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482351; Merivale, 45.325948 -75.719082, 25.vii.1930, J. J. deGryse, Voucher Code: CNC482349; Ottawa, 45.406631 -75.701407, 27.vii.1947, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482353; Stittsville, 45.258675 -75.921130, 22.viii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC482350; 45.258796 -75.92113, 3.ix.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01631; Quebec, Hull, 45.428550 -75.714554, 16.viii.1894, Voucher Code: CNC482352.

Microplitis plutellae Muesebeck, 1922

Fig. 30

Distribution

NEA, OTL, PAL.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, CNC breeding program, Ottawa, 45.3825 -75.7137, 31.iii.2008, Jose L. Fernandez Triana, Voucher Code: CPWH-0014, CPWH-0015, CPWH-0016, CPWH-0017, CPWH-0018, CPWH-0019, CPWH-0020, CPWH-0021, CPWH-0022, CPWH-0023, CPWH-0024, CPWH-0025, CPWH-0026, CPWH-0027, CPWH-0028, CPWH-0029, CPWH-0030, CPWH-0031, CPWH-0032; Ottawa, city garden, 45.356 -75.707, 10.viii-1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: WMIC0212; Voucher Code: WMIC0192; Ottawa, 45.382500 -75.713700, 1953, D. Harcourt, Voucher Code: CNCHYM01833; 45.406631 -75.701407, 1953, D. Harcourt, Voucher Code: CNC482365, CNC482366, CNC482367, CNC482368, CNC482369.

Figure 30.

Microplitis plutellae. A Habitus, lateral B Glued specimen and cocoon C Head, frontal D Wings E Ovipositor sheaths E Habitus, dorsal.

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, 45.406633 -75.701408, 27.vii.1947, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483613.

Pholetesor bedelliae (Viereck, 1911)

Fig. 31

Distribution

NEA, NEO.

Material examined

Ontario, 5 km NW of Almonte, Hwy 49, Burnt Land, Alvar Prov. Park, Almonte, 45.255 -76.14, 29.v.2008, Goulet & Fernandez, Voucher Code: CAM0437; Kinburn, 45.391853 -76.188798, 9.iii.1958, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482372; Ottawa, city garden, 45.356 -75.707, 30.v.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0278.

Figure 31.

Pholetesor bedelliae. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Metasoma, dorsal F Mesosoma and metasoma, lateral.

Pholetesor masoni Whitfield, 2006

Distribution

NEA, NEO.

Material examined

Ontario, Aylmer West, 45.395345 -75.844876, Malaise trap, 30.v.1972, Voucher Code: CNC482374, CNC482375, CNC482376, CNC482377, CNC482378, CNC482379, CNC482380, CNC482381, CNC482382, CNC482383, CNC482384, CNC482385, CNC482386, CNC482387; Ottawa, 45.356083 -75.706933, 25.v.1944, McDunnough, J. , Voucher Code: CNC309874; 45.406631 -75.701407, 25.vii.1957, J. E. H. Martin, Voucher Code: CNC482373.

Pholetesor nanus (Reinhard, 1880)

Distribution

NEA, PAL.

Notes

This is the first record of this species for the Nearctic region.

Material examined

Ontario, Bells Corners, 45.322133 -75.833301, 25.vii.1962, Miller, C.D. Voucher Code: CNC309876.

Pholetesor ornigis (Weed, 1887)

Fig. 32

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, 5 km NW of Almonte, Hwy 49, Burnt Land, Alvar Prov. Park, Almonte, 45.2549 -76.14, 29.v.2008, Goulet & Fernandez, Voucher Code: CAM0424, CAM0433; Aylmer, 45.395345 -75.844876, 18.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482388, CNC482389, CNC482390; Bells Corners, 45.322247 -75.833249, 2.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482396; 7.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482395; Constance Bay, 45.486218 -76.073461, 4-5.viii.1955, T. N. Freeman, Voucher Code: CNC483512; 5.viii.1955, T. N. Freeman, Voucher Code: CNC482423, CNC483510, CNC483511; Fitzroy Harbour, 45.471703 -76.214077, 17.viii.1960, C.D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483564, CNC483565, CNC483566, CNC483567, CNC483568, CNC483569; 6.vi.1962, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC483571, CNC483572, CNC483573, CNC483574, CNC483575, CNC483576, CNC483577, CNC483578; 8-9.vi.1962, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC483580; 9.vi.1962, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC483579; Kemptville, 45.016409 -75.646449, 12.iii.1962, Voucher Code: CNC483582; 13.iii.1962, Voucher Code: CNC483583; 19.iii.1962, Voucher Code: CNC483584; Ottawa, 45.406631 -75.701407, 18.i.1961, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482412; 2.vii.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, Voucher Code: CNC483581; 22.i.1961, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482415, CNC482422; 25.i.1961, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482410, CNC482411; 3.ii.1961, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482413; 5.ii.1961, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482414; Stittsville, 45.258675 -75.921130, 11.vii.1960, Voucher Code: CNC482406; 12.vii.1960, Voucher Code: CNC482405; 13.vii.1960, Voucher Code: CNC482403; 18.vii.1960, Voucher Code: CNC482399, CNC482400, CNC482401, CNC482402; 19.vii.1960, Voucher Code: CNC482404; 20.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482397, CNC482398; 22.vii.1960, C.D. Miller, ~, Voucher Code: CNC483570, CNC482407; 23.vii.1960, Voucher Code: CNC482408; 25.vii.1960, Voucher Code: CNC482409; Woodlawn, 45.462683 -76.075555, 14.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482419; Quebec, Aylmer, 45.395345 -75.844876, 12.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482391, CNC482392, CNC482393, CNC482394; Gatineau Park, 45.60057 -76.042647, 24.v.2007, L. Masner, Voucher Code: HYM00001323; Gatineau, 45.478218 -75.701346, 2.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482426, CNC483509; 29.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483507; 3-8.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482427; 3.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482428, CNC482430, CNC483506; 31.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482433, CNC483508; 4.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482429; 8.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482425, CNC482431, CNC482432; 9.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482424; Hull, 45.428550 -75.714554, 10.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482451; 11.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483505; 11.viii.1965, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483549; 12.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483532, CNC483533; 13.v.1963, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483521, CNC483522, CNC483523; 13.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482450, CNC483501; 14.vii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483518; 14.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483519, CNC483520; 15.v.1963, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482448; 16.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483498; 17.vii.1963, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483513, CNC483514, CNC483515, CNC483516, CNC483517; 17.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483497; 2.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483525, CNC483551, CNC483552, CNC483553, CNC483554, CNC483555, CNC483562, CNC483563; 2.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482447; 23.viii.1965, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483536; 27.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483529, CNC483530; 28.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483526; 28.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483503; 29.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483528; 3.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483556, CNC483557, CNC483558, CNC483559; 3.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482440, CNC482441, CNC482442, CNC482449, CNC483543, CNC483544; 30.vii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483502; 30.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482437, CNC482438, CNC482439, CNC483495, CNC483496, CNC483499, CNC483504; 31.vii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483561; 31.vii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483524; 31.viii.1965, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483537, CNC483550; 4.iii.1957, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482434, CNC482435; 4.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483527; 4.viii.1965, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483545; 5.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483531, CNC483560; 6.viii.1965, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483535, CNC483546, CNC483547, CNC483548; 7.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482443, CNC482444, CNC482445, CNC482446, CNC483538, CNC483539, CNC483540, CNC483541, CNC483542; 8.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483534; 8.xi.1960, T. N. Freeman, Voucher Code: CNC482436; 9-30.viii.1962, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483500; Val Tetreau, 45.419217 -75.745275, 18.i.1961, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482420; 27.i.1961, Freeman & Lewis, Voucher Code: CNC482421; 8.viii.1960, C. D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC482416, CNC482417, CNC482418.

Figure 32.

Pholetesor ornigis. A Head and mesosoma, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Glued specimen and cocoon E Habitus, lateral F Head, dorsal G Habitus, dorsal.

Pholetesor pinifoliellae Whitfield, 2006

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, 45.356083 -75.706933, 28.vii.1950, Voucher Code: CNC Type 19982 and one additional specimen without any voucher code.

Pholetesor rhygoplitoides Whitfield, 2006

Fig. 33

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Mer Bleue, 45.393578 -75.512127, 19.vii.1963, Chillcott, J.G, Voucher Code: CNC309878; 45.393593 -75.512138, 18.vii.1963, J. G. Chillcott, Voucher Code: CNCHYM03189.

Figure 33.

Pholetesor rhygoplitoides. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Metasoma, dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal.

Pholetesor salicifoliellae Mason, 1959

Fig. 34

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, 5 km NW of Almonte, Hwy 49, Burnt Land, Alvar Prov. Park, Almonte, 45.2549 -76.14, 29.v.2008, Goulet & Fernandez, Voucher Code: CAM0343, CAM0355, CAM0362, CAM0420, CAM0425.

Figure 34.

Pholetesor salicifoliellae. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Metasoma, dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal.

NEA.

Notes

This species corresponds in BOLD to BIN BOLD:AAB5026, with all specimens collected in Canada.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, city garden, 45.356100 -75.706900, 23-30.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0899.

Protapanteles paleacritae (Riley, 1881)

Fig. 35

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Carp, 45.349117 -76.041225, 23.vii.1942, Voucher Code: CNC483585; Greely, 45.259544 -75.568696, 25.vi.1946, Voucher Code: CNC483586.

Figure 35.

Protapanteles paleacritae. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Glued specimen and cocoon E Metasoma, dorsal F Head and mesosoma, dorsal.

Protapanteles phlyctaeniae (Muesebeck, 1929)

Fig. 36

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, 45.3825 -75.7137, 18.vii.1950, E. Munroe, Voucher Code: CNCHYM03246.

Figure 36.

Protapanteles phlyctaeniae. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Head and mesosoma, dorsal E Mesosoma (partially) and metasoma, dorsal F Glued specimen and cocoon.

Protapanteles cf. anchisiades

Distribution

NEA, PAL.

Notes

This species seems to be part of a complex related to Protapanteles anchisiades (Nixon, 1973), from both European and North American specimens. For the time being is left as an undescribed species, until more studies of the Holarctic fauna are carried out. This species corresponds in BOLD to BIN BOLD:AAA7147.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, city garden, 45.356100 -75.706900, 23.vii.2009, L. Masner, Voucher Code: CNCH0461.

Protapanteles jft02

Distribution

NEA, PAL.

Notes

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, city garden, 45.3561 -75.7069, 16.vi.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: HYM00000998; 45.3561 -75.707, 1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0269; 1.xi.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0271; 30.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0275.

Protomicroplitis calliptera (Say, 1836)

Fig. 37

Distribution

NEA.

Notes

The status of this species as a potential member of the Species Candidate Lists of COSEWIC was assessed by Fernandez Triana (2014).

Figure 37.

Protomicroplitis calliptera. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Head and mesosoma (partially), dorsal D Propodeum E Head, dorsal F Wings G Metasoma, dorsal H Metasoma, lateral.

Material examined

Ontario, Stittsville, 45.258675 -75.921130, 27.viii.1963, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483587; 30.vi.1963, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483588; 45.258796 -75.92113, 10.ix.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM03255; 45.259039 -75.920958, 10.ix.1963, Mason, W.R.M, Voucher Code: CNC309895.

Pseudapanteles gouleti Fernandez-Triana, 2010

Fig. 38

Distribution

NEA.

Notes

The status of this species as a potential member of the Species Candidate Lists of COSEWIC was assessed by Fernandez Triana (2014).

Material examined

Ontario, Innisville, 45.054942 -76.250619, 6.viii.1963, W. R. M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNCHYM07228; Ottawa, city garden, 45.356 -75.707, 1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0254, CAM0258; 10.viii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0255, CAM0256, CAM0257; 23-30.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0883; 23.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0251, CAM0252, CAM0253; 30.vii-10.viii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0874, CAM0875; 45.3561 -75.7069, 23-30.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0876; 45.399881 -75.697287, Malaise trap, 13-23.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CNC23941; Ottawa, 45.356083 -75.706933, malaise trap, 13-23.vii.2007, H. Goulet, , Twp. Nepean, Ont, 45.335400 -75.723784, 10.v-25.viii.1949, Tripp, H.A., Voucher Code: CNC309905; Quebec, Hull, 45.428309 -75.713353, 31.viii.1965, Voucher Code: CNCHYM07230.

Figure 38.

Pseudapanteles gouleti. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Metasoma, dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal.

Rasivalva rugosa (Muesebeck, 1922)

Fig. 39

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Quebec, Summit King Mt. Old Chelsea, 45.503586 -75.797942, 351m, 17.viii.1965, Voucher Code: CNCHYM03399.

Figure 39.

Rasivalva rugosa. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Metasoma, dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal.

Rasivalva sp.

Distribution

NEA.

Notes

This species corresponds in BOLD to BIN BOLD:AAH2147, with all specimens collected in southern Ontario.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, city garden, 45.356100 -75.706900, 10.viii-1.ix.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: WMIC0214; 30.vii-10.viii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM1011.

Sathon cinctiformis (Viereck, 1911)

Fig. 40

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Ottawa, Dow’s swamp , 45.419164 -75.709650, 9.vii.1946, G.S. Walley, Voucher Code: CNC309918; Ottawa, Dow’s swamp, 45.394302 -75.704544, 9.vii.1946, G. S. Walley, Voucher Code: CNCHYM03476, CNCHYM03477; Ottawa, 45.406631 -75.701407, 20.vii.1947, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483601; 20.viii.1947, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483612; 21.vi.1947, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483590, CNC483591, CNC483592, CNC483593, CNC483594, CNC483595; 28.vi.1940, O. Peck, Voucher Code: CNC483599; 5.vii.1947, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483596, CNC483597, CNC483598; 45.406633 -75.701408, 19.vii.1939, O. Peck, Voucher Code: CNC483600; Quebec, Hull, 45.428550 -75.714554, 11.vi.1957, C.D. Miller, Voucher Code: CNC483602, CNC483603, CNC483604, CNC483605, CNC483606, CNC483607, CNC483608, CNC483609; 18.vi.1957, J.G. Chillcott, Voucher Code: CNC483610; 2.viii.1947, W.R.M. Mason, Voucher Code: CNC483611.

Figure 40.

Sathon cinctiformis. A Habitus, lateral B Head, frontal C Wings D Metasoma, dorsal E Head and mesosoma, dorsal.

Sathon neomexicanus (Muesebeck, 1921)

Distribution

NEA.

Material examined

Ontario, Bells Corners, 45.322133 -75.833303, 7.vii.1943, G.S. Walley, Voucher Code: CNC309924.

Acknowledgements

Many collectors over the past 120 years have contributed Ottawa specimens of Microgastrinae to the CNC, without their efforts this paper would not be possible. We especially thank Henri Goulet and Lubomir Masner (CNC) for collecting most of the recent material (2007-2010). The reviews of John Huber and Donald Lafontaine (CNC) greatly improved the final version of this manuscript. Donald Lafontaine kindly provided the senior author with a list of all Lepidoptera collected in Ottawa as well as comments on its diversity in the region. Ana Fernandez Galliano helped checking the accuracy of labels for some older records. The Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, has been instrumental in the DNA barcoding of thousands of microgastrine specimens, which has been of great help in taxonomic studies of the Ottawa fauna and many other areas. Two reviewers (Juliano Nunez and James Whitfield) and the editor (Kees van Achterberg) are gratefully acknowledged for helping to improve the final version of the manuscript. This research was supported by project AAFC-STB-1558 'Arthropod systematics research in support of Canadian Agriculture'.

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