Research Article |
Corresponding author: Arnold H. Staniczek ( arnold.staniczek@smns-bw.de ) Academic editor: Lyndall Pereira-da-Conceicoa
© 2017 Roman J. Godunko, Tomáš Soldán, Arnold H. Staniczek.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Godunko RJ, Soldán T, Staniczek AH (2017) Baetis (Baetis) cypronyx sp. n., a new species of the Baetis alpinus species-group (Insecta, Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Cyprus, with annotated checklist of Baetidae in the Mediterranean islands. ZooKeys 644: 1-32. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.644.10413
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A detailed description of the larvae of Baetis (Baetis) cypronyxsp. n., a representative of the Baetis alpinus species-group within the mayfly family Baetidae, is provided, including a differential diagnosis with regard to closely related species of the group, especially Baetis melanonyx (Pictet, 1843) and B. baroukianus Thomas & Dia, 1984. The new species is mainly distinguished by mouthparts (i.e. the shape and setation of labrum, maxillary and labial palps, details of paraglossae and mandibular incisors), setation of legs and abdominal terga, and length of paracercus. All available data on the biology of this putative endemic species of Cyprus are summarized. Annotated distributional data of the 33 species of Baetidae so far recorded from the Mediterranean islands are given, including new records and also including first data from Malta.
Baetinae , Baetis alpinus species-group, checklist, distribution, endemism, Mediterranean islands
The first contribution to the Baetidae of Cyprus (
The Baetis alpinus species-group was established by
Larvae: (i) body flattened ventrally, with shortened abdomen; (ii) segments of antennal flagellum each shortened in the distal two thirds of the antenna; (iii) labrum usually with more than 6–7 (up to 22) long, submarginal setae; (iv) outer mandibular incisor group roughly triangular and often fused; (v) segment 2 of maxillary palp with one or more (sometimes numerous) stout setae on conical protuberance; (vi) pronotum with conspicuous dark pattern; (vii) sternal protuberances on meso- and metathorax more or less developed, pointed or rounded apically; (viii) outer margin of femora with medium or long bristles, acutely pointed or obtuse apically, arranged in 1–3 rows centrally and proximally; (ix) tarsal claws with a pair of fine subapical setae; (x) abdominal terga generally light, with marked dark spots centrally; (xi) posterior margins of abdominal terga with a row of triangular, more or less pointed spines; (xii) surface of abdominal terga usually without distinct corrugations, and usually covered with numerous, tongue-shaped, triangular or spatulate scales and their sockets; (xiii) paracercus more or less reduced (occasionally strongly reduced).
Imagines: (xiv) hind wings with three longitudinal veins, cross veins present or absent; (xv) abdominal terga relatively dark and translucent; (xvi) basal segment of forceps roughly cylindrical or subcylindrical, with inner, more or less expanded, conspicuous apicomedial projection, often forming a distinct rim; (xvii) forceps segment 2 subcylindrical, more or less constricted near base; (xviii) forceps segment 3 variable, egg-shaped or subcylindrical, nearly 2–3 times longer than wide.
Apart from the description of the new species, additional objectives of this contribution are to discuss its differential diagnosis and its difference to other representatives of the B. alpinus species-group, to summarise available data on the biology and distribution of the new species, and to present an annotated checklist of the Baetidae in the Mediterranean islands.
Most specimens of the new species were collected in the Kryos River at Kalidonian Waterfalls; additional material was collected in Diplos River at Chantara Waterfalls (for numbers of specimens, their proper localities, and deposition see below). Holotype and 45 paratypes of the new species are housed in the Institute of Entomology, BC CAS (České Budějovice, Czech Republic), 22 paratypes in the collection of State Museum of Natural History NASU (Lviv, Ukraine), and 22 paratypes are stored in the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde (Stuttgart, Germany). Additional paratypes are deposited in the collection of CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute (Brugherio, Italy).
The specimens were preserved in 70–80% ethanol. Eight paratypes were mounted on slides with Euparal liquid. Drawings were made using a Zeiss Axioplan microscope with a camera lucida. Photographs of larvae were taken using a Leica Z16 APO macroscope and processed with Leica Application Suite™ Version 3.1.8 to obtain combined photographs with enlarged depth of field. Photographs were subsequently enhanced with Adobe Photoshop™ CS3.
Specimens used for SEM were dissected and dehydrated through a stepwise immersion in ethanol and then dried by critical point drying (Leica EM CPD300). The mounted material was coated with a 5 nm Au/Pd layer (Leica EM ACE200) and subsequently examined and photographed with a Zeiss EVO LS 15 scanning electron microscope. SEMs were subsequently enhanced with Adobe Photoshop™ CS3.
Terminology and corresponding acronyms recently proposed for the representatives of the subgenus Rhodobaetis Jacob, 2003 by
Morphological characters in Baetis (Baetis) cypronyx sp. n. (Figs
No. | Character | Baetis cypronyx sp. n. | Baetis baroukianus Thomas & Dia, 1984* | B. melanonyx (Pictet, 1843)* |
---|---|---|---|---|
Head | ||||
1. | Setation of clypeus | solitary FT, B, and Hr setae along with their bases | solitary B and Hr setae along with their base, FT setae more abundant | solitary B and Hr setae along with their base, FT setae more abundant |
2. | Setation of frons | solitary FT, B, and Hr setae along with their bases | solitary FT and Hr setae, along with their bases | solitary FT and Hr setae along with their bases |
3. | Setation of scape and pedicel | solitary FT and Hr setae, only B setae more abundant | solitary FT and Hr setae, only B setae more abundant | solitary FT and Hr setae, only B setae more abundant |
Mouthparts | ||||
4. | Labrum: shape | distinctly oblong-shaped, nearly rectangular | distinctly oblong-shaped, nearly rectangular | rather oblong-shaped, narrowed proximally |
5. | Labrum: mean width/length ratio | 1.80–1.88 | 1.80–1.95 | 1.75−2.00 |
6. | Labrum: number of long submarginal setae | 1 + 11–18 | 1 + 19–21 (15–18) | 1 + 14–22 (14–21) |
7. | Labrum: number of long marginal setae | 6–9 | 6–8 | 8–12 |
8. | Mandibles: number of teeth of inner incisor group | 3–4 | 2 | 1–2 |
9. | Mandibles: number of teeth on prostheca | 8–10 | 8–10 | 9–10 |
10. | Maxillary palps: number of stout setae at the tip of distal segment | 1 (occasionally 2) | 1 | 1 |
11. | Paraglossae: number of regular rows of apical bristles | 2 | 4–5 | 3 |
12. | Paraglossae: number of bristles on outer margin | 5–10 | 6–12 | 8–12 |
13. | Paraglossae: number of setae on ventral surface | 3−5 | 3–6 | 4−6 |
14. | Labial palps: shape of segment 3 | nearly symmetrical and evenly rounded | distinctly asymmetrical and conical | nearly symmetrical and evenly rounded |
15. | Labial palps: mean width/length ratio of segment 3 | 1.03–1.07 | 1.07–1.09 | 1.30–1.35 |
16. | Labial palps: number of stout setae on dorsal surface of segment 3 | 18–25 | 14–16 | 22−28 |
17. | Labial palps: degree of asymmetry [quotient q] | 0.76–0.88 | 0.52–0.56 | 0.82−0.94 |
Thorax and legs | ||||
18. | Shape of sternal protuberances on meso- and metathorax | prominent, pointed | prominent, rounded | small, rounded |
19. | Foreleg tibia/femur length ratio | 1.0 | 0.9−1.0 | 0.9−1.0 |
20. | Hind leg tibia/femur ratio | 0.9−1.0 | 0.9−1.0 | 0.8−1.0 |
21. | Outer margin of femora: shape of long bristles | bluntly pointed and/or obtuse apically | acutely pointed apically | acutely pointed apically |
22. | Outer margin of femora: number of rows of long bristles proximally and centrally | 2–3 | 1 | 1 (occasionally 2) |
23. | Outer margin of femora: shape of submarginal stout setae | STSm-bp | STSm-bp | STSe-bp |
24. | Outer margin of tibia: shape of stout setae | STSm-p, STSm-bp | STSm-p, STSm-bp | STSe-bp |
25. | Tarsal claw: number of strong teeth | 10–11 | 12–14 | 8−11 |
26. | Tarsal claw: number of rows of marginal teeth | 1 | 1 | 1 |
27. | Tarsal claw: two subapical hair-like setae | present | present | present |
Abdomen | ||||
28. | Surface of terga: scales | present, not numerous | present, not numerous | present, not numerous |
29. | Surface of terga: scales sockets | present, not numerous, often absent on tergum X | present, not numerous, always present on tergum X | present, numerous, always present on tergum X |
30. | Surface of terga: shape of scales | SC-it, SC-tg | SC-it, SC-tg | SC-it, SC-tg |
31. | Posterior margin of terga II–VIII: shape of spines | triangular, not shortened, some bluntly pointed and some acutely pointed | triangular, shortened, some bluntly pointed and some acutely pointed | triangular, shortened, some bluntly pointed and some acutely pointed |
32. | Posterior margin of terga III–VIII (IX): submarginal row of smaller spines | present | absent | absent |
33. | Shape of gills I and VII | nearly symmetrical | nearly symmetrical | slightly asymmetrical |
34. | Shape of gills II−V | asymmetrical | asymmetrical | asymmetrical |
35. | Paraproct plate (inner margin): number of marginal spines | 8–12 | 0–4 | 7−11 |
36. | Paraproct plate (inner margin): number of submarginal stout setae | 2–8 | 5–8 | 8–12 |
37. | Paraproct plate (inner margin): shape of submarginal stout setae | STSs-bp, STSm-bp | STSs-ov, STSm-ov, occasional STSs-bp and STSm-bp | STSs-ov, STSm-ov, occasional STSs-bp and STSm-bp |
38. | Paraproct plate (surface centrally): type of setation | tiny setae only | tiny setae only | tiny setae only |
39. | Paracercus | reduced; 2–16 segments | well-developed (1/2−2/3 of cerci length) or shortened (more than 15 segments) | well developed; 1/2−2/3 of cerci length |
40. | Cerci and paracercus: posterior margin of segments | row of broad triangular spines, additional uneven submarginal row of smaller spines | row of broad triangular spines | row of broad triangular spines |
Holotype: mature larva, CYPRUS, Limassol [Lemesos; Λεμεσός] District, Troodos [Τρόοδος] Mts., Kryos River [Κρύος ποταμός], Kalidonia Waterfalls, app. 1250 m a.s.l., N34 53.561 E32 52.043, 22.v.2004, leg. T. Soldán.
Paratypes: 75 larvae, the same date and place as holotype; 14 larvae, CYPRUS, Limassol [Lemesos; Λεμεσός] District, Troodos [Τρόοδος] Mts., Diplos River [Διπλός ποταμός], Chantara [Xantara] Waterfalls, near Trooditissa [Μοναστήρι Τροοδίτισσας] Monastery, app. 1300 m a.s.l., N34 54.429 E32 50.303, 23.v.2004, leg. T. Soldán;
4 larvae, ibid., Paphos District [Επαρχία πάφου], Gialia River [Γιαλιά], in the forest “Pochalantra”, app. 5 km upstream from Gialia [Γιαλιά] village, app. 400–410 m a.s.l., N35 04.364 E32 33.575, 12.xi.2005, leg. A. Buffagni;
10 larvae, United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus, Nicosia District [Επαρχία Λευκωσίας], upstream of Kargotis River [Καρκώτη], vicinity of Kakopetriya [Κακοπετριά] village, Mitro place, app. 150–200 m a.s.l., N34 59.012 E32 54.000, 22.iii.2006, leg. A. Buffagni;
2 larvae, ibid., Agios Nikolaos Lefkas [Άγιος Νικόλαος Λεύκας] village (abandoned), app. 100–120 m a.s.l., N35 5.280 E32 53.500, 24.iii.2006, leg. A. Buffagni.
Baetis baroukianus Thomas & Dia, 1984: 1 male and 1 female mature larvae, LEBANON, Chouf District, type locality of B. baroukianus, branch of Salam (Râs el Mâ) spring near Harêt Jandal Municipality, app. 800 m a.s.l., 25.vii.1979, leg. Dia A. (see
28 larvae (10 males, 18 females), IRAN [new record], Elburz Mts., Gilan Province, Rudbar County, Central District, unnamed brook in Divresh village, right tributary of Siah Rud River (SE upstream of Shirkooh village), app. 285 m a.s.l., N36 53.59 E49 35.06, 13.v.2016, leg. Bojková J., Soldán T. & J. Imanpour Namin, det. Sroka P.
2 larvae (1 male, 1 female), ibid, Fuman County, Sardar-e Jangal District, unnamed brook below of Masuleh City (right tributary of Rudkhan River), app. 710 m a.s.l., N37 09.42 E49 01.17, 22.v.2016, leg. Bojková J., Soldán T. & J. Imanpour Namin, det. Sroka P.
3 larvae (1 male, 2 females), ibid, Rudbar County, Central District, unnamed brook, left tributary of Sefīd-Rūd River, below Rostamabad City, app. 155 m a.s.l., N37 09.47 E49 00.17, 22.v.2016, leg. Bojková J., Soldán T. & J. Imanpour Namin, det. Sroka P.
Baetis melanonyx (Pictet, 1843): 30 larvae (7 larvae mounted with Liquide de Faure), Czech Republic, Ústí nad Labem district, Elbe river-basin, Divoká Orlice River, Líšnice village, 432 m a.s.l., 2.vii.1972, leg. T. Soldán (for details see
Baetis cypronyx sp. n. differs from all other representatives of the Baetis alpinus species-group by the following combination of larval characters (see Table
Mature larva: female body length: 7.5−8.0 mm, length of cerci: 9.0−11.5 mm; male body length: 6.0−8.0 mm; length of cerci: 7.0−10.0 mm; paracercus vestigial or strongly reduced.
Cuticular coloration (Figs
General colour yellowish brown to brown. Head light brown with paler genae; clypeus light brown; frons with several small, isolated brown spots. Antennae light brown, flagellum paler than scape and pedicel.
Pronotum yellowish brown with two pairs of oblique brownish bands; mesonotum yellowish brown to brown, with longitudinal brown bands centrally, and several spots of the same colour centrally and laterally; metanotum brown with darker smudge centrally (Figs
Abdominal terga (Figs
Hypodermal coloration. Hypoderm without contrasting markings.
Head. Surface of clypeus and frons covered with solitary FT, B, and Hr setae. Larval turbinate eyes brown to intensively brown apically. Antennae slightly longer than 1/2 of body length. Scape and pedicel with solitary FT and Hr, and more abundant B setae only, without any particular cuticular ornamentation (e.g. corrugation/chagrin; see Bauernfeind and Soldán 2012), which is present in some representatives of the B. alpinus species-group and in the closely related B. lutheri and B. pavidus species-groups.
Mouthparts. Labrum (Figs
Outer mandibular incisor group narrow and triangular, distinctly fused; inner incisor group not prominent, with 3–4 small teeth (of which most distal tooth is the biggest), both groups separated by a shallow incision. Right and left prostheca of same size, nearly symmetrical, with 8–10 apical teeth (Fig.
Maxillary palp two-segmented; segment 1 shorter than second segment; segment 2 asymmetrical apically, with pronounced tip (conical protuberance), and one distinct, stout seta; one additional stout seta occasionally near apex of segment 2; surface of both segments with B setae [uniporous sensillum basiconicum sensu
Hypopharynx relatively slender, anterior side laterodistally covered with fine, elongated setae along outer margins of lingua and superlinguae, lingua with prominent central lobe, superlinguae with marked hump (Fig.
Labium with relatively slender glossae, slightly shorter than paraglossae (Figs
Thorax. Surface of pronotum with few FT and Hr setae only. Sternal protuberances on meso- and metathorax well visible, pointed apically, yellowish brown to brown.
Outer margin of femora with 2–3 rows of long bristles with obtuse to bluntly pointed tips proximally and centrally (Figs
Abdomen. Posterior margin of terga with broad triangular spines of different size, bluntly pointed or occasionally pointed apically; broader spines along posterior margin of terga III–VIII; spines alternating with 1-3 tiny B and a single Hr setae. Irregular row of smaller submarginal spines on terga III–VIII (IX) (Fig.
Paraproct plate as in Figs
Tracheal gills whitish yellow to light brown, not elongated, broadly rounded apically (Fig.
Cerci as long as 1.20–1.32 of body length. Paracercus reduced to 2–16 segments (Fig.
Unknown.
The specific epithet is a combination of the name of Cyprus, where the new species was found, and the specific epithet of the closely related species B. melanonyx.
Baetis cypronyx sp. n. can be undoubtedly attributed to the B. alpinus species-group as defined above based on larval body shape and presence of (i) numerous submarginal long setae on dorsal surface of labrum, (ii) triangular outer mandibular incisor group, (iii) 1–2 stout setae at tip of maxillary palp segment 2, (iv) conspicuous brownish pattern on pronotum (similar to that in B. alpinus (Pictet, 1843)) and well visible pair of dark spots on abdominal terga, (v) numerous long bristles on outer margin of femora, (vi) relatively large spines on posterior margin of terga, (vii) a pair of hair-like setae near tip of tarsal claw (see e.g.
The new species appears to be closely related to B. melanonyx known throughout Europe and to B. baroukianus Thomas & Dia, 1984 described from Lebanon. For the latter two species a separate subgenus Patites Thomas & Dia, 1999 was established based on larval and imaginal characters (
Baetis cypronyx sp. n., B. baroukianus, and B. melanonyx can be characterised by a distinctly fused, narrow and triangular outer mandibular incisor group; this character clearly distinguishes them from all other representatives of the B. alpinus species-group. Unfused teeth of outer mandibular incisors can be observed in B. punicus Thomas, Boumaiza & Soldán, 1983 and B. berberus Thomas, 1986 (
Differences between three above listed species can be observed in the arrangement of long setae on the dorsal surface of the labrum, i.e. B. cypronyx sp. n. with 1 + 11–18 long submarginal setae, in contrast to 1 + 14–21 long submarginal setae in B. melanonyx, and mainly 1 + 19–21 in B. baroukianus (Fig.
Two irregular rows of long, stout bristles can be observed on the tips of paraglossae in the new species, in contrast to 3 rows in B. melanonyx and 4–5 rows in B. baroukianus (see Table
Other differences concern the shape of labial palp segment 3, which is nearly symmetrical in B. cypronyx sp. n. and in B. melanonyx (quotient q from 0.76 to 0.94), in contrast to a markedly asymmetrical segment 3 in B. baroukianus, with q = 0.52–0.56 (Figs
In contrast, female larvae of B. cypronyx sp. n. and B. melanonyx both have their maximal width of head at the level of eyes; the head width however is only slightly smaller at genal level below the eyes in both species (Fig.
Baetis melanonyx and B. baroukianus markedly differ from the new species by their arrangement of setation at the outer margin of femora. There is only a single row of acutely pointed long bristles proximally and centrally, alternating with STSe-bp (in B. melanonyx) and STSm-bp (in B. baroukianus) submarginal setae, in contrast to Baetis cypronyx sp. n. that features 2–3 rows of bluntly pointed long bristles centrally and a group of STSm-bp submarginal setae (Figs
The new species also clearly differs from B. melanonyx and B. baroukianus in the sternal protuberances near the coxae on meso- and metathorax that are pointed apically in the former species, in contrast to rounded apically protuberances in both latter species (Table
Abdominal terga of B. melanonyx and B. baroukianus (including tergum X) are covered by numerous scale sockets, in contrast to only a few scales on terga of B. cypronyx sp. n., where scales and their sockets are missing on tergum X (see Figs
Additional differences between the new species and the previously described B. baroukianus and B. melanonyx can be recognized in the colour pattern of abdominal terga.
Inner margin of paraproct plate of B. cypronyx sp. n. and B. melanonyx with more or less similar number of marginal spines (see Table
Clearly visible differences between these species can be also recognized in the shape and length of paracercus, i.e. strongly reduced in B. cypronyx sp. n., with 2–16 segments; shortened or well-developed in B. baroukianus (from 15 segments to 1/2–2/3 of cerci length); well developed in B. melanonyx, as long as 1/2–2/3 of cerci length (Figs
Other differences between the closely related species B. cypronyx sp. n. B. baroukianus and B. melanonyx are summarized in Table
Larvae of B. cypronyx sp. n. were found solely on stony substrates (lithal) at depths of 5–40 cm (see also
Localities of Baetis (Baetis) cypronyx sp. n.: 33 Kryos River [Κρύος ποταμός], app. 1270 m a.s.l., near type locality (photo by Zsuzsa Miskolci, Budapest, Hungary) 34 ibid., app. 1285 m a.s.l. (photo by Philp J Stoate, Somerset, England) 35 Diplos River [Διπλός ποταμός], Chantara [Xantara] Waterfalls, app. 1100 m a.s.l., locality of Baetis cypronyx sp. n. (photo by Alexandros Constantinides, Cyprus)
As well as B. irenkae, a new species so far known only from several localities in Cyprus (type locality at Kryos River within Kalidonian Waterfalls, and another one locality at Diplos River within Chantara Waterfalls), and thus might be considered presently as endemic to this island (Table
Checklist of Baetidae in the Mediterranean islands (islands listed from west to east). Abbreviations and symbols: SP – Spain; IT – Italy; FR – France; MT – Malta; GR – Greece; CY – Cyprus. ● – previous records on occurrence of the species confirmed; ○ – occurrence based on our unpublished data; * − data on distribution and / or proper species identification require to be confirmed or clarified.
No. of species | Species / Mediterranean island Comments in [] see below |
Baleares (SP) | Sardinia (IT) | Corsica (FR) | Elba (IT) | Sicily (IT) | Malta (MT) | Gozo (MT) | Crete (GR) | Tasos (GR) | Lesbos (GR) | Astypalea (GR) | Kos (GR) | Karpathos (GR) | Tilos (GR) | Rhodos (GR) | Cyprus (CY) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus Baetis Leach, 1815 Subgenus Acentrella Bengtsson, 1912 |
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1 |
Baetis (Acentrella) sinaicus (Bogoescu, 1931)[ |
● | |||||||||||||||
Subgenus Baetis Leach, 1815 Baetis alpinus species-group |
|||||||||||||||||
2 | Baetis (Baetis) cypronyx sp. n. | ● | |||||||||||||||
3 |
Baetis (Baetis) cyrneus Thomas & Gazagnes, 1984[ |
●* | ● | ●* | |||||||||||||
4 |
Baetis (Baetis) melanonyx (Pictet, 1843)[ |
● | |||||||||||||||
Baetis buceratus species-group | |||||||||||||||||
5 |
Baetis (Baetis) buceratus Eaton, 1870[ |
● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||
6 |
Baetis (Baetis) zdenkae Soldán & Godunko, 2009[ |
● | |||||||||||||||
Baetis lutheri species-group | |||||||||||||||||
7 |
Baetis (Baetis) lutheri Müller-Liebenau, 1967[ |
● | ●* | ||||||||||||||
8 |
Baetis (Baetis) mirkae Soldán & Godunko, 2008[ |
● | ● | ||||||||||||||
Baetis pavidus species-group | |||||||||||||||||
9 |
Baetis (Baetis) pavidus Grandi, 1951[ |
● | |||||||||||||||
Baetis vernus species-group | |||||||||||||||||
10 |
Baetis (Baetis) vernus Curtis, 1834[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
Baetis fuscatus species-group | |||||||||||||||||
11 |
Baetis (Baetis) fuscatus (Linnaeus, 1761)[ |
● | ● | ● | ●* | ||||||||||||
Subgenus Nigrobaetis Novikova & Kluge, 1987 | |||||||||||||||||
12 |
Baetis (Nigrobaetis) albinatii Sartori & Thomas, 1989[ |
● | |||||||||||||||
13 |
Baetis (Nigrobaetis) digitatus Bengtsson, 1912[ |
●* | ●* | ||||||||||||||
14 |
Baetis (Nigrobaetis) muticus (Linnaeus, 1758)[ |
●* | ●* | ●* | |||||||||||||
15 | Baetis (Nigrobaetis) cf. muticus (Linnaeus, 1758) | ○* | |||||||||||||||
16 |
Baetis (Nigrobaetis) cf. navasi (Müller-Liebenau, 1974)[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
17 |
Baetis (Nigrobaetis) niger (Linnaeus, 1761)[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
Subgenus Rhodobaetis Jacob, 2003 | |||||||||||||||||
18 |
Baetis (Rhodobaetis) ingridae Thomas & Soldán, 1987[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
19 |
Baetis (Rhodobaetis) irenkae Soldán & Godunko, 2008[ |
● | |||||||||||||||
20 |
Baetis (Rhodobaetis) rhodani (Pictet, 1843)[ |
● | ●* | ●* | ●* | ○* | ● | ●* | ●* | ●* | |||||||
21 |
Baetis (Rhodobaetis) cf. rhodani (Pictet, 1843)[ |
●* | ●* | ●* | ○* | ||||||||||||
Genus Centroptilum Eaton, 1869 | |||||||||||||||||
22 |
Centroptilum luteolum (Müller, 1776)[ |
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||
Genus Cloeon Leach, 1815 Subgenus Cloeon Leach, 1815 |
|||||||||||||||||
23 |
Cloeon (Cloeon) cognatum Stephens, 1836[ |
●* | ●* | ●* | |||||||||||||
24 |
Cloeon (Cloeon) dipterum (Linnaeus, 1761)[ |
● | ● | ● | ● | ○* | ○* | ○* | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | |||
25 |
Cloeon (Cloeon) inscriptum Bengtsson, 1917[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
26 |
Cloeon (Cloeon) rabaudi (Verrier, 1949)[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
Subgenus Similicloeon Kluge & Novikova, 1992 | |||||||||||||||||
27 |
Cloeon (Similicloeon) praetextum Bengtsson, 1914[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
28 |
Cloeon (Similicloeon) schoenemundi Bengtsson, 1936[ |
●* | |||||||||||||||
29 |
Cloeon (Similicloeon) simile Eaton, 1870[ |
● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||
Genus Procloeon Bengtsson, 1915 Subgenus Procloeon Bengtsson, 1915 |
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30 |
Procloeon (Procloeon) bifidum (Bengtsson, 1912)[ |
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Subgenus Pseudocentroptilum Bogoescu, 1947 | |||||||||||||||||
31 |
Procloeon (Pseudocentroptilum) fascicaudale (Sowa, 1985)[ |
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32 |
Procloeon (Pseudocentroptilum) pulchrum (Eaton, 1885)[ |
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33 |
Procloeon (Pseudocentroptilum) unguiculatum (Tshernova, 1941)[ |
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The history on the mayfly fauna of the Mediterranean islands dates back to the first published observations by
The annotated checklist presented here (Table
We thank our colleagues Jindřiška Bojková (Masaryk University, Czech Republic), Stefania Erba and Andrea Buffagni (both CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute, Brugherio, Italy) for kindly providing material of B. cypronyx sp. n. The authors are grateful to Alain Thomas (University of Toulouse, France), Aref Dia (Lebanese University, Lebanon), Pavel Sroka (IE BC CAS, Czech Republic), Jean-Luc Gattolliat (Museum of Zoology, Lausanne, Switzerland) and an anonymous reviewer for critical remarks, comments, and help with comparative material. We are grateful to Milan Pallmann and Karin Wolf-Schwenninger (both SMNS) for macro photographs and SEMs. We also thank Zsuzsa Miskolci (Budapest, Hungary), Philp J. Stoate (Somerset, England), and Alexandros Constantinides (Cyprus) for photographs of localities.
This research was financially supported by the Ukrainian Ministry of Education and Science (Project No. M/29-2016) for RJG and conducted with institutional support RVO: 60077344 (IE, BC CAS) for RJG and TS.