Pumatiracia venosa gen. et sp. nov. by present designation.

The genus can be separated from all other Parahiraciini genera by the following combination of characters:

1. Head with vertex elongate, 1.2 × longer in median line than maximal width, projecting well beyond eyes in dorsal view, but not forming a real cephalic process;
2. Vertex and frons with a median carina;
3. Genae with strong carina under the antennae;
4. Body elongate, more than twice a long as maximum width, with side margins broadly rounded in dorsal view;
5. Metatibiae with three lateral and eight apical spines;
6. Anal tube of male dorsoventrally flattened, subtriangular in dorsal view furcate distally;
7. Posterior margin of pygofer broadly rounded;
8. Gonostyli with capitulum strongly projecting dorsad;
9. Aedeagus evenly curved in lateral view, with pair of elongate symmetrical, lateroventral processes projecting cephalad.

Head : (Figs 1A–C, 2A–D) Head narrower than thorax and elongate but without forming a definite cephalic process. Vertex elongate, as long in mid-line as pronotum, ~ 1.2 × as long in mid-line as broad basally, with sides subparallel, slightly converging towards rounded apex; strong median carina not reaching apex; lateral margins carinate with carinae merging anteriorly; posterior margin of vertex angularly emarginate and carinate. Frons elongate, mostly flat with median carina, wider above fronto-clypeal suture, slightly tapering towards rounded dorsal margin; lateral margins carinate; oblique lateral carinae on distal ¼, merging dorsally with anterior carina of vertex. Genae with blunt carina running from under the antenna obliquely to fronto-clypeal suture. Clypeus flat in middle portion, moderately elongate, subtriangular with fronto-clypeal suture rounded; anteclypeus with median blunt carina. Labium elongate and narrow, reaching metacoxae, with apical segment elongate, nearly as long as penultimate. Eyes reniform (not emarginate) protruding laterally; ocelli absent. Antennae rather short with scape ring-shaped and pedicel cylindrical, slightly longer than broad.

Figure 1. 

Pumatiracia venosa gen. et sp. nov., holotype ♂ A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, ventral view C habitus, lateral view D right hind wing E metatarsus, detail, ventral view F metatibia and metatarsus, ventral view.

Figure 2. 

Pumatiracia venosa gen. et sp. nov., holotype A–D detail of head and thorax A dorsal view B perpendicular view of frons C lateral view D anterolateral view E, F venation of wings E right tegmen F right hind wing.

Thorax : (Figs 1A, C, 2A–D) Pronotum slightly shorter than mesonotum in mid-line; anterior margin carinate in middle portion, strongly sinuate and strongly, roundly protruding anteriorly between eyes; posterior margin nearly truncate; median carina obsolete anteriorly with impressed point on each side; blunt tubercles along anterior margin and irregularly on disc and sides; paranotal lobes (lateral view) broad, with tubercles, sometimes turning into short, blunt, longitudinal carinae along posterior margin, with blunt carina behind level of antenna, and with posteroventral angle rounded. Mesonotum subtriangular with obsolete median carina and transverse anterior carina; disc smooth with additional, more or less undulate, longitudinal carina; weak, blunt slightly rounded longitudinal carina on each side of disc; some blunt tubercles in lateral fields of mesonotum. Tegulae moderately developed.

Tegmina: (Figs 1A–C, 2E) Tegmina subcoriaceous with longitudinal veins elevated and with a dense reticulum of veinlets, elongate with sides broadly rounded, ~ 2.7 × longer than broad, convex. Apex narrowly rounded. Postclaval margin weakly rounded on distal half and slightly notched at apex of clavus. Clavus closed, reaching ca. mid-length of tegmen.

Venation: ScP+R moderately developed, forking into subparallel ScP+RA and RP; MP forking at ~ ¾ of tegmen length; CuA forked slightly after half of clavus length; CuA₁₊₂ forked close to its base; CuA₁, CuA₂ and CuA₃ subparallel, with CuA₁ merging distally with MP₂; Pcu fused with A1 at ¾ of clavus length; Pcu+A1 fused with CuP slightly before apex of clavus.

Hind wings: (Figs 1 D, 2 F) Broader than tegmina and deeply bilobed, strongly notched at CuP; costal margin rather weakly sinuate; CuP-Pcu-A1 lobe ~ 1/3 wider than Sc-R-MP-CuA lobe, the two lobes almost the same length; both lobes rounded apically; postclaval margin broadly rounded; A2 lobe reduced and narrow, with A2 vein obsolete.

Venation: main veins present; ScP+R, MP and CuA running more or less parallel, slightly diverging towards apex, with numerous cross-veins; Pcu strongly curved around basal third of wing towards CuP but not reaching the latter; A1 curved, more or less parallel to postclaval margin; CuP-Pcu-A1 lobe with numerous cross-veins.

Legs: (Fig. 1A–C, E, F) Strongly elongate and slender. Pro- and mesofemora and protibiae slightly flattened dorsoventrally. Tibiae longer than corresponding femora. Metatibiae with one lateral tooth near base, two lateral teeth placed on distal half and eight apical teeth. Tarsi elongate; first metatarsomere elongate and slender, with a strong spine at each side and a row of six smaller spines in between ventrally along posterior margin; second metatarsomere short with one tooth at each side. Metatibiotarsal formula: (3) 8 / 8 / 2.

Terminalia ♂: (Fig. 3) Pygofer higher than long in lateral view, with anterior margin weakly concave and posterior margin broadly rounded. Gonostyli (in lateral view) elongate and broad, projecting posteriorly, with capitulum strongly developed dorsad, with lateral laminate projection and with moderately developed neck with outer margin strongly concave in posterior view; in ventral view, gonostyli abruptly narrowing after basal ¼. Anal tube dorsoventrally flattened, broadly subtriangular. Aedeagus moderately curved dorsad (in lateral view), with symmetrical pair of elongate medioventral processes directed cephalad. Connective elongate.

Figure 3. 

Pumatiracia venosa gen. et sp. nov., holotype, terminalia ♂ A–E pygofer, gonostyli and anal tube A lateral view B posterolateral view C dorsal view D ventral view E posterior view F–L aedeagus, phallobase and connective F left lateral view G left lateroventral view H dorsal view I apical portion, anterodorsal view J ventral view K posteroventral view L anteroventral view.

The new genus name is formed by the combination of Pu Mat, referring to the National Park where the new genus was found, and hiracia, which is the same ending as in Parahiracia Ouchi, 1940 (synonymized by Gnezdilov et al. (2004) under Fortunia Distant, 1909), the type genus of the tribe Parahiraciini and a reminder of the placement of the new genus in this group. The gender is feminine.

Vietnam.

Holotype ♂, Vietnam • Nghe An Province, Pu Mat National Park; 18°59'N, 104°40'E; 4–9.VII.2017; [sweeping]; GTI project; leg. J. Constant & J. Bresseel; I.G.: 33.498; RBINS.

Only species in the genus. The shape of the vertex, 1.2 ×longer than broad, and characters of the male terminalia, are probably relevant diagnostic characters to recognize the species, e.g., the gonostyli strongly projecting posteriorly in lateral view and with a dorsal process strongly elongate dorsad, the widely subtriangular anal tube (in dorsal aspect) and the shape of the ventral processes of the aedeagus.

Measurements and ratios : LT: ♂ (n = 1): 8.86 mm. Lt/BB = 2.12; LTg/BTg = 2.74; LW/BW = 1.50; LV/BV = 1.2; LF/BF = 1.86.

Head : (Fig. 2A–D) Narrower than thorax and elongate, with ~ 1/2 of vertex length surpassing eyes. Vertex yellowish, strongly concave, ~ 1.2 × as long in mid-line as broad basally, with sides slightly converging towards rounded apex, small black marking on laterodistal angles; strong median carina not reaching apex, yellowish; lateral, anterior, and posterior margins carinate; posterior margin angularly concave. Frons mostly shiny black, with rather large yellowish marking at angles of fronto-clypeal suture and series of small yellowish points along lateral margins, a larger transverse yellowish marking at level of mid-length of eye on each side of median carina; above latter markings, slightly transversely wrinkled; oblique lateral carinae on distal ¼, brown. Posterior side of head yellowish. Genae yellowish with black-brown marking between eye and anterodorsal angle and between anteroventral angle of eye and lateral margin of frons, the two markings linked by a fine black line along anterior margin of eye; blunt carina running from under the antenna obliquely to fronto-clypeal suture, with small brown marking under antenna. Clypeus shiny black, flat in middle portion, moderately elongate, subtriangular with fronto-clypeal suture rounded; anteclypeus mostly yellowish with median blunt carina. Labium yellowish, elongate, and narrow, reaching metacoxae, with apical segment elongate, nearly as long as penultimate. Eyes reniform (not emarginate) protruding laterally; ocelli absent. Antennae yellowish with anterior portion dark brown, rather short with scape ring-shaped and pedicel cylindrical, slightly longer than broad.

Thorax : (Fig. 2A–D) Pronotum variegated yellowish brown with large black-brown marking on anterolateral portion (behind eye); 0.76 × as long as mesonotum in mid-line; anterior margin carinate in middle portion, strongly sinuate and strongly, roundly protruding anteriorly between eyes, with carinae directed obliquely posteriorly, not reaching hind margin of pronotum; posterior margin nearly straight; median carina obsolete anteriorly with impressed point on each side; rather large blunt, pale yellowish tubercles along anterior margin’s carina and irregularly on disc and sides; paranotal lobes (lateral view) broad, brown with pale yellowish tubercles, sometimes turning into short, blunt, longitudinal carinae along posterior margin, with pale yellowish blunt carina behind level of antenna, and with posteroventral angle rounded. Mesonotum variegated yellowish brown with two black points on disc and one additional black point more laterally along anterior carina; subtriangular with obsolete median carina and nearly complete transverse anterior carina; disc smooth, slightly excavate, with additional, more or less undulate, longitudinal carina; weak, blunt slightly rounded longitudinal carina on each side of disc; some blunt, pale yellowish tubercles in lateral fields of mesonotum. Tegulae yellowish brown.

Tegmina: (Figs 1A, C, 2E) Variegated yellowish brown with darker area in clavus between Pcu-Pcu+A1 and margin, a black subrectangular marking at ca. mid-length of tegmina between veins RP and MP; subcoriaceous with longitudinal veins pale yellow, elevated and with a dense reticulum of pale yellow veinlets; shape elongate and convex with sides broadly rounded, ~ 2.7 × longer than broad; narrowly rounded apically. Postclaval margin weakly rounded on distal half and slightly notched at apex of clavus. Clavus closed, reaching ca. mid-length of tegmen.

Venation: (Fig. 2E) ScP+R moderately developed, forking into subparallel ScP+RA and RP; MP forking at ~ ¾ of tegmen length; CuA forked slightly after half of clavus length; CuA₁₊₂ forked close to its base; CuA₁, CuA₂ and CuA₃ subparallel, with CuA₁ merging distally with MP₂; Pcu fused with A1 at ¾ of clavus length; Pcu+A1 fused with CuP slightly before apex of clavus.

Hind wings: (Figs 1D, 2F) Yellow brown with venation slightly darker to brown (base of ScP+R+MP and most of Pcu and A1), apical margin of both lobes narrowly infuscate; wing broader than tegmen and deeply bilobed at CuP; costal margin rather weakly sinuate; CuP-Pcu-A1 lobe ~ 1/3 wider than ScP-R-MP-CuA lobe, the two lobes almost the same length; both lobes rounded apically; postclaval margin broadly rounded; A2 lobe brown, reduced and narrow, with A2 vein obsolete.

Venation: main veins present; ScP+R, MP and CuA running more or less parallel, slightly diverging towards apex, with numerous cross-veins; Pcu strongly curved around basal third of wing towards CuP but not reaching the latter: A1 curved, more or less parallel to postclaval margin; CuP-Pcu-A1 lobe with numerous cross-veins.

Legs: (Fig. 1A–C, E, F) Coxae and trochanters yellowish with dark brown marking. Pro- and mesofemora dorsally yellowish with weakly marked brown band in distal half, ventrally mostly brown, darker towards apex and with two oblique yellowish bands, one just after half-length and one narrower slightly before apex; elongate, slender and slightly flattened dorsoventrally. Pro- and mesotibiae brown with yellowish ring basally and wider yellowish ring at ca. mid-length, darker ventrally; tibiae slightly flattened dorsoventrally and narrower and longer than corresponding femora. Pro- and mesotarsi elongate and brown. Metatibiae yellowish dorsally and brown ventrally, with one lateral tooth near base, two lateral teeth placed on distal half and eight apical teeth, all teeth dark brown distally. Tarsi yellowish, brown ventrodistally, elongate; first metatarsomere elongate and slender, with a strong spine at each side and a row of six smaller spines in between ventrally along posterior margin; second metatarsomere short with one tooth at each side, all spines black-brown apically. Metatibiotarsal formula: (3) 8 / 8 / 2.

Abdomen : (Fig. 1B) Brown.

Terminalia ♂: (Figs 3, 4) Pygofer ~ 2.8 × higher than long in lateral view, with anterior margin weakly concave and posterior margin broadly rounded. Gonostyli (in lateral view) ~ 1.6 × as long as high (without dorsal capitulum), projecting posteriorly and strongly concave; capitulum strongly developed dorsad, ca. as high as pygofer in lateral view, with distal portion anteroposteriorly flattened, with apical hook and one tooth in middle of inner margin, with lateral laminate projection bearing one anterolateral and one posterolateral tooth, with moderately developed neck with outer margin strongly concave in posterior view; in ventral view gonostyli ~ 1.9 × as long as wide, abruptly narrowing after basal ¼, with margin obliquely straight on most length. Aedeagus moderately curved dorsad (in lateral view), ~ 2.5 × as long as wide in dorsal view, with apical small triangular process dorsally on each side, reflexed cephalad; symmetrical pair of elongate medioventral processes directed cephalad, reaching anterior margin of periandrium and strongly emarginate at inner margin apically; dorsal lobe of periandrium more or less parallel-sided, slightly tapering on distal portion and roundly truncate apically; ventral lobe of periandrium slightly widening in distal half then tapering towards apex and apically rounded with median notch. Connective elongate with small tectiductus (damaged in examined specimen). Anal tube broadly subtriangular, slightly wider than long, dorsoventrally flattened with short ventrally reflexed projection in middle of posterior margin, with posterolateral angles rounded; anal opening at ca. mid-length.

Figure 4. 

Pumatiracia venosa gen. et sp. nov., holotype ♂, aedeagus A left lateral view B anteroventral view C posteroventral view.

The species epithet venosus is a Latin adjective meaning ‘relating to the veins’ and refers to the raised veins of the tegmina in this species.

The species was found in subtropical forest (Fig. 5B) belonging to the Northern Indochina subtropical forests ecoregion, at medium altitude (900–1,600 m).

Figure 5. 

A distribution map of Pumatiracia venosa gen. et sp. nov. and Laohiracia acuta Constant, 2021 B habitat of Pumatiracia venosa gen. et sp. nov. in Vietnam, Pu Mat National Park, 6 July 2017.

Vietnam, Nghe An Province, Pu Mat National Park (Fig. 5A).

The color of living specimens is probably brighter green than in collection specimens, as shown for example for Laohiracia Constant, 2021 (compare Fig. 5A–C to Constant 2021: fig. 1 A, E).

The species was described from Laos, Hua Phan province, Mt Phu Pane, 900–1600 m. It is here recorded from Vietnam for the first time.

Vietnam • 2♂♂, 3♀♀; Thanh Hoa Province, Pu Luong National Park; 20°27'48"N, 105°07'38"E; 5–10 Aug. 2022; 1700 m; [sweeping]; GTI project; leg. J. Constant, J. Bresseel & L. Semeraro; I.G.: 34.518; RBINS • 2♂♂, 2♀♀; same collection data as preceding; VNMN.

The species was found in mountain forest (Fig. 6D) belonging to the northern Indochina subtropical forests ecoregion, at the summit of Mount Pu Luong (1700 m). The specimens were collected by sweeping and visual screening of the lower vegetation and bushes up to 2 m high; they were sitting on the leaves (Fig. 6A–C). The trees growing on the summit are considerably shorter (usually < 10 m in height) in size than those growing in the well-preserved forests on the slopes and down the mountain (trees > 30 m). This also provides a habitat with more light than in the rest of the forest. The species seemed to be restricted to the summit as extensive sampling along the slopes of Mount Pu Luong and at lower altitude in Pu Luong National Park, did not provide any additional specimen, although other Issidae species were collected (pers. obs.). The host plant is unknown.

Figure 6. 

Laohiracia acuta Constant, 2021 in Vietnam, Pu Luong National Park, summit of Mount Pu Luong, 1700 m, 8 August 2022 A–C live specimen D habitat.

(Fig. 5A) Laos: Hua Phan Province; Vietnam: Thanh Hoa Province (new country record).