Research Article |
Corresponding author: Ekaterina V. Tselikh ( tselikhk@gmail.com ) Academic editor: Zachary Lahey
© 2023 Ekaterina V. Tselikh, Jaehyeon Lee, Deok-Seo Ku.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Tselikh EV, Lee J, Ku D-S (2023) Review of the Palaearctic species of Miscogasteriella Girault, 1915 (Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae). ZooKeys 1154: 33-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1154.101189
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Palaearctic species of the genus Miscogasteriella Girault, 1915 are reviewed. Miscogasteriella olgae sp. nov. from South Korea and M. vladimiri sp. nov. from Japan are described. Type material of M. nigricans (Masi) and M. sulcata (Kamijo) is redescribed and illustrated. Miscogasteriella nigricans is recorded from the Palaearctic region for the first time. An identification key to females of all Palaearctic species of Miscogasteriella is given.
Description, key, new record, new species, parasitoid, Trigonoderinae
The pteromalid genus Miscogasteriella Girault, 1915 (type species Miscogasteriella longiventris Girault, 1915) belongs to the family Pteromalidae, subfamily Trigonoderinae (
Eight other species of Miscogasteriella, M. bijoyi Sureshan & Nihkil, 2013, M. burmanica (Hedqvist, 1968), M. flavipes (Masi, 1927), M. jayasreeae Sureshan, 1999, M. keijli Narendran, 2012, M. nigricans (Masi, 1927), M. perakensis (Hedqvist, 1968), M. yemenica Narendran & van Harten, 2007 are distributed in the Oriental region (
Two species, M. niger (Bouček, 1988) and M. longiventris Girault, 1915, are distributed in the Australian region (
Unfortunately, the biology is unknown for all species of Miscogasteriella, but mostly they were collected near dead trees in forests, suggesting similar hosts to other Trigonoderinae.
The aim of this work is to describe two new species of Miscogasteriella from South Korea and Japan, and to redescribe and illustrate the species M. nigricans and M. sulcata. An identification key to females of all Palaearctic species of Miscogasteriella is also provided.
The specimens examined in this study are deposited in the collections of the
Deutsches Entomologisches Institut (Eberswalde, Germany;
Morphological terminology, including sculpture and wing venation, follows
Specimens were examined using Olympus SZX12, Nikon SMZ745T and Zeiss SteREO Discovery V20 stereomicroscopes. Photographs were taken with a Canon EOS 70D digital camera mounted on an Olympus SZX10 microscope (
Class Hexapoda Blainville, 1816
Order Hymenoptera Linnaeus, 1758
Family Pteromalidae Dalman, 1820
Subfamily Trigonoderinae Bouček, 1964
Miscogasteriella Girault, 1915: 196–197. Type species Miscogasteriella longiventris Girault, 1915, by original designation.
Glyptosticha
Masi, 1927: 348–349. Type species Glyptosticha flavipes Masi, 1927, by original designation. Subjective synonym of Miscogasteriella Girault, 1915 in
Trigonoderoides
Kamijo, 1962: 121–122. Type species Glyptosticha nigricans Masi, 1927, by original designation and monotypy. Subjective synonym of Miscogasteriella Girault, 1915 in
Vertex of head smooth (Figs
Palaearctic, Oriental and Australian regions.
1 | Lower margin of clypeus with angular median tooth (Fig. |
M. nigricans (Masi, 1927) |
– | Lower margin of clypeus weakly emarginate (Figs |
2 |
2 | F1 with 5–6 rows of sensilla (Fig. |
M. sulcata (Kamijo, 1963) |
– | F1 with 3–4 rows of sensilla (Figs |
3 |
3 | Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.75 times breadth of head. Dorsellum with distinct upper crenulate cross-line (Fig. |
M. olgae sp. nov. |
– | Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.56–1.57 times breadth of head. Dorsellum without distinct upper crenulate cross-line (Fig. |
M. vladimiri sp. nov. |
Glyptosticha nigricans
Masi, 1927: 353. Syntype female (
Syntype
: female, “Taiwan, Hoozan Formosa H. Sauter, 1910”, “TYPUS”, “Dtsch. Entomol. Institut Berlin”, “Glyptosticha nigricans ♀ Masi”, “Coll.
Russia: 1 female, “Primorskii Reg., 40 km NE Spassk-Dalny Town, Dukhovskoe Vill, 1.VIII.1996, S. Belokobylskij” (
Female. Body length 7.70–9.60 mm; fore wing length 4.40 mm (wings of syntype are broken).
Coloration. Head black. Antenna with scape, pedicel, and flagellum dark brown. Mesosoma black, pronotum and mesoscutum dorsally with metallic diffuse green-coppery lustre, propodeum dorsally with metallic diffuse blue-coppery lustre. All coxae and all femora brown; tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown. Fore wing slightly infuscate, venation yellowish-brown. Metasoma dark brown, in dorsal view Mt2-Mt4 metallic blue-green with diffuse coppery lustre.
Sculpture. Head in frontal view reticulate, head in dorsal view and clypeus smooth and shiny; mesosoma reticulate, but frenum finely reticulate; dorsellum alutaceous, with distinct upper and lower crenulate cross-line; propodeum weakly reticulate; metasoma weakly alutaceous and shiny.
Head. Head in dorsal view 2.23–2.25 times as broad as long and 1.20–1.21 times as broad as mesoscutum; in frontal view 1.26–1.29 times as broad as high. POL 0.90–0.91 times as long as OOL. Eye height 1.40–1.50 times eye length and 2.80–3.00 times as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.55–0.60 times distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Lower margin of clypeus with angular median tooth. Antenna with scape 0.87–0.90 times as long as eye height and 1.31–1.35 times as long as eye length; pedicel 1.80–2.00 times as long as broad and 0.25–0.37 times as long as F1; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.67–1.70 times breadth of head; F1 3.80–4.00 times as long as broad and with 4–5 rows of sensilla, F3–F6 longer than broad; clava 3.07–3.40 times as long as broad, with micropilosity area on C3, and part of C2.
Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.80–1.95 times as long as broad. Scutellum 1.06–1.10 times as long as broad. Propodeum without nucha, with costula, 0.59–0.60 times as long as scutellum. Fore wing 2.65 times as long as maximum width; basal cell, cubital vein, basal vein pilose; speculum as narrow line near basal vein; PST 1.15–1.17 times as long as M, M 0.52–0.53 times as long as P and 2.67–2.80 times as long as S.
Metasoma. Metasoma 5.20–5.55 times as long as broad, 1.96–2.05 times as long as mesosoma and 1.42–1.43 times as long as mesosoma and head; Mt8 2.25–2.40 times as long as broad.
Male. Unknown.
Russian Far East, Taiwan.
Holotype
: female, South Korea: “Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do, Goseong-gun, Hail-myeon, Suyang-ri, 34°58'35"N, 128°12'08"E, 18.VI.2022, E. Tselikh” (NIBR). Paratypes: 3 males, same data as holotype (1 specimen in NIBR, 2 specimens in SMNE); 1 male, “Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do, Namhae-gun, Gohyeon-myeon, Daegok-ri, Hwabangsa temple, 34°51'07"N, 127°51'31"E, 19.VI.2022, E. Tselikh” (
Female. Body length 4.20 mm; fore wing length 3.20 mm.
Coloration. Head black, dorsally with metallic blue lustre. Antenna with scape, pedicel, and flagellum brown. Mesosoma metallic blue-green with diffuse coppery lustre. All coxae brown with metallic blue lustre; all femora brown; tibiae, and tarsi yellow. Fore wing hyaline, venation yellowish-brown. Metasoma with Mt2-Mt4 metallic blue-green with diffuse coppery lustre, Mt5–Mt8 brown with diffuse violet-coppery lustre.
Sculpture. Head in frontal view reticulate, head in dorsal view and clypeus smooth and shiny; mesosoma reticulate, but axilla and frenum alutaceous; dorsellum weakly alutaceous, with distinct upper crenulate cross-line, and without lower crenulate cross-line; propodeum weakly alutaceous; metasoma weakly alutaceous and shiny.
Head. Head in dorsal view 2.30 times as broad as long and 1.65 times as broad as mesoscutum; in frontal view 1.30 times as broad as high. POL 0.80 times as long as OOL. Eye height 1.33 times eye length and 3.10 times as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.78 times distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Lower margin of clypeus weakly emarginate. Antenna with scape 0.68 times as long as eye height and 0.90 times as long as eye length; pedicel 1.28 times as long as broad and 0.42 times as long as F1; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.75 times breadth of head; F1 3.00 times as long as broad and with 3–4 rows of sensilla, F3–F6 longer than broad; clava 3.05 times as long as broad, with micropilosity area on C3 and C2.
Mesosoma. Mesosoma 2.00 times as long as broad. Scutellum 1.05 times as long as broad. Propodeum without nucha and costula, 0.78 times as long as scutellum; medial longitudinal depression shallow, lateral depressions 0.44 times as long as propodeum. Fore wing 2.80 times as long as maximum width; basal cell, cubital vein, basal vein pilose; speculum absent; PST 0.55 times as long as M, M 0.53 times as long as P and 3.60 times as long as S.
Metasoma. Metasoma 6.20 times as long as broad, 2.03 times as long as mesosoma and 1.37 times as long as mesosoma and head; Mt8 1.67 times as long as broad.
Male. Body length 3.50–3.70 mm; fore wing length 2.80–3.00 mm. Head in frontal view 1.24–1.25 times as broad as high. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.90–0.93 times distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.48–0.52 times as long as eye height and 0.68–0.70 times as long as eye length. Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.70–1.73 times breadth of head. Antennal formula 11210. Fore wing with M 3.78–3.80 times as long as S. Metasoma 5.00–5.15 times as long as broad, 1.68–1.70 times as long as mesosoma and 1.25–1.27 times as long as mesosoma and head. Otherwise, similar to female.
The species is named in honour of the senior author’s mother, Olga Tselikh.
Korean Peninsula.
Glyptosticha sulcata
Kamijo, 1962: 118. Holotype female (
Holotype
: female, Japan: “Japan, Kyushu, 11.VIII.1955, K. Nohara”, “Holotype Glyptosticha sulcata Kamijo ♀” (
South Korea: 2 females, “Busan, Gijang-gun, Jeonggwanmyeon, Gijang-cheongsonyeon-suryeonwon, 35°18'52"N, 129°09'57"E, 22.V–29.VI.2008, J.W. Lee”; 1 female, “Chungcheongbuk-do, Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan Valley, 35°49'53"N, 128°32'28"E, 23.V.2002, J.W. Lee”; 1 female “Miwon-ri, Miwon-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, 15–22.VII.05, J.H. Han”; 1 female, “Danyang-gun, Cheondong-ri, Mt. Sobaek, Temp. Bukbusa, 7.VII–2.VIII.2005, J.W. Lee”; 3 males, “Cheongwon-gun, Miwonmyeon, Miwon-ri, 9–16.IX.2005, J.H. Han” (all in
Female. Body length 6.90–8.00 mm; fore wing length 4.90–5.60 mm.
Coloration. Head dark blue, in frontal view metallic diffuse coppery green lustre. Antenna with scape, pedicel, and flagellum dark brown. Mesosoma dark blue-green, in dorsal view with a diffuse coppery lustre, propodeum dorsally metallic blue and partly with coppery lustre. Fore and hind coxae dark blue, middle coxae dark brown; all femora apically yellow, basally brown; tibiae, and tarsi yellow. Fore wing slightly infuscate, venation yellowish-brown. Metasoma dark brown, in dorsal view Mt2 and Mt3-Mt4 laterally metallic blue-green with diffuse coppery lustre.
Sculpture. Head in frontal view weakly reticulate, in dorsal view and clypeus smooth and shiny; mesosoma reticulate, but frenum finely reticulate; dorsellum shiny, with distinct upper and lower crenulate cross-line; propodeum weakly reticulate; propodeum smooth and weakly reticulate only near medial longitudinal depression; metasoma weakly alutaceous and shiny.
Head. Head in dorsal view 2.20–2.27 times as broad as long and 1.44–1.46 times as broad as mesoscutum; in frontal view 1.29–1.40 times as broad as high. POL 0.70–0.72 times as long as OOL. Eye height 1.39–1.42 times eye length and 3.40–3.60 times as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.79–0.82 times distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Lower margin of clypeus weakly emarginate. Antenna with scape 0.69–0.74 times as long as eye height and 0.94–1.05 times as long as eye length; pedicel 1.55–1.62 times as long as broad and 0.20–0.38 times as long as F1; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.53–1.78 times breadth of head; F1 3.30–4.00 times as long as broad and with 5–6 rows of sensilla, F3–F6 longer than broad; clava 2.67–2.87 times as long as broad, with micropilosity area on C3 and C2.
Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.78–2.00 times as long as broad. Scutellum 1.07–1.10 times as long as broad. Propodeum without nucha and costula; 0.83–0.85 times as long as scutellum; medial longitudinal depression strong, lateral depressions 0.55–0.60 times as long as propodeum. Fore wing 2.80–2.89 times as long as maximum width; basal cell, cubital vein, basal vein pilose; speculum absent; PST 0.76–0.83 times as long as M, M 0.50–0.56 times as long as P and 3.00–3.35 times as long as S.
Metasoma. Metasoma 3.97–4.48 times as long as broad, 1.81–1.88 times as long as mesosoma and 1.36–1.38 times as long as mesosoma and head; Mt8 1.09–1.25 times as long as broad.
Male. Body length 3.40–6.20 mm; fore wing length 3.10–4.20 mm. All coxae dark blue; fore and middle femora yellow, hind femora brown. Eye height 1.25–1.30 times eye length and 2.70–3.00 times as long as malar space. Antennal formula 11210; scape 0.52–0.60 times as long as eye height and 0.69–0.75 times as long as eye length; pedicel as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 2.80–3.15 times breadth of head; F1 4.80–5.00 times as long as broad. Fore wing with PST 0.61–0.69 times as long as M. Metasoma 1.00–1.28 times as long as mesosoma and head. Otherwise, similar to female.
Korean Peninsula, Japan.
Holotype
: female, “Japan, Shikoku Isl., Muroto, Tosa, 8.VI.1959, M. Miyatake” (
Female. Body length 5.00–5.20 mm; fore wing length 3.90–4.10 mm.
Coloration. Head dark brown. Antenna with scape yellowish-brown; pedicel, and flagellum brown. Mesosoma cupreous in lateral view with diffuse violet lustre. All coxae brown with diffuse violet lustre; all femora, tibiae, and tarsi yellowish-brown. Fore wing slightly infuscate; venation yellowish-brown. Metasoma cupreous.
Sculpture. Head in frontal view weakly reticulate, in dorsal view and clypeus smooth and shiny; mesosoma reticulate, but axilla and frenum alutaceous; dorsellum shiny, without upper crenulate cross-line, and with lower crenulate cross-line; propodeum weakly reticulate; propodeum weakly reticulate propodeum weakly alutaceous; metasoma weakly alutaceous and shiny.
Head. Head in dorsal view 2.10–2.17 times as broad as long and 1.66–1.69 times as broad as mesoscutum; in frontal view 1.30–1.34 times as broad as high. POL 0.77–0.80 times as long as OOL. Eye height 1.27–1.33 times eye length and 2.90–3.20 times as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.85–0.97 times distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Lower margin of clypeus weakly emarginate. Antenna with scape 0.67–0.73 times as long as eye height and 0.89–0.90 times as long as eye length; pedicel 1.40–1.53 times as long as broad and 0.40–0.45 times as long as F1; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.56–1.57 times breadth of head; F1 2.95–3.00 times as long as broad and with 3 rows of sensilla, F3–F6 longer than broad; clava 2.30–2.50 times as long as broad, with micropilosity area on C3 and C2.
Mesosoma. Mesosoma 2.00–2.10 times as long as broad. Scutellum 1.09–1.10 times as long as broad. Propodeum without nucha and costula, 0.85–1.00 times as long as scutellum; medial longitudinal depression shallow, lateral depressions 0.30–0.35 times as long as propodeum. Fore wing 2.79–2.82 times as long as maximum width; basal cell, cubital vein, basal vein pilose; speculum absent; PST 0.62–0.67 times as long as M, M 0.55–0.60 times as long as P and 3.40–3.44 times as long as S.
Metasoma. Metasoma 4.00–4.65 times as long as broad, 1.77–1.95 times as long as mesosoma and 1.32–1.37 times as long as mesosoma and head; Mt8 1.00–1.10 times as long as broad.
Male. Body length 3.00 mm; fore wing length 2.60 mm. Eye height 1.13 times eye length and 3.40 times as long as malar space. Antennal formula 11210; scape 0.62 times as long as eye height and 0.70 times as long as eye length; pedicel 1.10 times as long as broad and 0.26 times as long as F1; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.78 times breadth of head; F1 4.67 times as long as broad and with 5 rows of sensilla. Mesosoma 2.00–2.10 times as long as broad. Scutellum 1.09–1.10 times as long as broad. Propodeum without nucha and transversal carina, 0.85–1.00 times as long as scutellum; medial longitudinal depression shallow, lateral depressions 0.30–035 times as long as propodeum. Fore wing 2.79–2.82 times as long as maximum width; basal cell, cubital vein, basal vein pilose; speculum absent; PST 0.62–0.67 times as long as M, M 0.55–0.60 times as long as P and 3.40–3.44 times as long as S. Metasoma 1.33 times as long as mesosoma and as long as mesosoma and head. Otherwise, similar to female.
The species is named in honour of the senior author’s father, Vladimir Tselikh.
Japan.
The authors are very thankful to Dr K. Konishi (
This work was funded in part by the Russian State Research Project No.122031100272-3 for EVT, and was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR 202002205) for DSK.