﻿Thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam (Araneae, Salticidae)

﻿Abstract A new genus and thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam are reported. Zabkagen. nov. is erected to accommodate two species transferred from Euophrys Blackwall,1841, including the generotype, Z.cooki (Żabka, 1985), comb. nov., and Z.xuyei (Lin & Li, 2020), comb. nov. Twelve new species are described: Chinattuscrewsaesp. nov. (♂♀), C.logunovisp. nov. (♂♀), Eupoamaidinhyenisp. nov. (♂♀), E.maddisonisp. nov. (♂♀), E.ninhbinhsp. nov. (♂), E.zabkaisp. nov. (♂♀), Indopadillacucsp. nov. (♂♀), Synagelidesanisp. nov. (♂♀), S.miisp. nov. (♂♀), S.pengisp. nov. (♀), S.sanchasp. nov. (♂♀), and Yaginumaellahagiangsp. nov. (♂). The unknown male of Zabkacooki is described for the first time. Diagnostic photos of the habitus and copulatory organs are provided.


Introduction
The interactions of complex topographic, climatic, and ecological factors through time are responsible for the high levels of species diversity and endemism in Vietnam, one of eleven Southeast Asian countries (Liu et al. 2010). Taxonomic study of jumping spiders from Vietnam began at the end of the 19 th century, but little was known until the systematic work of Żabka (1985) who described 100 species, including 51 species new to science. Later, a series of publications by Dr. Dmitri V. Logunov greatly increased the knowledge of the diversity of Vietnamese salticid fauna (Logunov 2001(Logunov , 2008(Logunov , 2021Logunov and Marusik 2014;Logunov and Jäger 2015). However, a high number of endemic species remains known only from a single sex (Metzner 2023;WSC 2023). To date, at least 135 species in 67 genera have been recorded, but the true diversity of jumping spiders from this area remains insufficiently known and is likely to be much greater (Logunov 2021;Hoang et al. 2022).
This study presents data collected from three National Parks and Ha Giang National Forest in northern Vietnam (Liu et al. 2010;Lin et al. 2023) and is goal to erect a new genus, to describe 12 new species of five genera and the unknown male of Zabka cooki (Żabka, 1985), comb. nov.

Materials and methods
Specimens were collected by sieving, pitfall trap, or hand collecting and were preserved in 75% ethanol for morphological study. All specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS) in Beijing, China. Methods follow those of Wang and Li (2021).
All measurements are given in millimeters. Leg measurements are given as: total length (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). References to figures in the cited papers are listed in lowercase type (fig. or figs), and figures in this paper are noted with an initial capital (Fig. or Figs).
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ha Giang Province, Vietnam. Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dmitri V. Logunov (Manchester, UK), a leading arachnologist in jumping spiders, who has contributed significantly to the taxonomy of jumping spiders from Vietnam; noun (name) in genitive case.
Diagnosis. The male of Chinattus logunovi sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the presence of RCA (Fig. 3B). The female of this new species resembles that of C. prabodhi Basumatary, Das, Caleb & Brahma, 2020 by the absence of epigynal plate, but it can be easily distinguished by the spermathecae, which are anterior to copulatory openings (Fig. 4B), whereas almost as level as copulatory openings in C. prabodhi (Basumatary et al. 2020: figs 8-11), and by the accessory glands of copulatory ducts, which are anteriorly extending (Fig. 4B), whereas posteriorly extending in C. prabodhi (Basumatary et al. 2020: fig. 11 IV 5.74 (1.68,0.93,1.20,1.38,0.55). Carapace sub-square, slightly narrowed anteriorly, red-brown to dark brown, covered with setae, denser anteriorly, with fan-shaped, red-brown area medially; fovea bar-shaped, longitudinal, dark. Chelicerae red-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidental tooth with six cusps. Endites broadened distally, bearing dense setae at distal half on inner margins. Labium red-brown, almost linguiform, paler distally. Sternum colored as labium, longer than wide, with straight anterior margin. Legs yellow to brown, spinous. Abdomen almost oval, dorsum brown, spotted, with arc-shaped, pale stripe anteriorly, two pairs of muscle depressions, several pairs of irregularly shaped spots mediolaterally, several wave-shaped or straight, transverse stripes posteromedially; venter colored as dorsum, with two pairs of pale, longitudinal dotted lines. Palp : tibia longer than wide, with short, strongly sclerotized retrolateral apophysis curved medially, and with rather pointed tip; cymbium longer than wide, with flat, apically blunt baso-retrolateral apophysis; bulb longer than wide, swollen medioposteriorly, with semi-circular posterior lobe extending prolaterally; embolus strongly sclerotized, slightly curved, originates from antero-prolateral portion of bulb, with rather pointed tip, directed anteriorly in ventral view.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam.    (Maddison 2015;Metzner 2023) and contains 14 leaf-litter dwellers mainly distributed in Southeast Asia (WSC 2023). The genus has high endemism and includes 11 species known only from a single country (WSC 2023). To date, three species have been recorded from Vietnam, of which two are endemic and one of those is known only from females. Diagnosis. Eupoa maidinhyeni sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the well-developed CTA, which extends beyond the cymbial retromargin in ventral view, the thick, sickle-shaped embolus, and the circled atrial ridges (Figs 5C, 6A), whereas the CTA does not extend beyond the cymbial margin, the embolus is slender, flagelliform, and lacks similar circled atrial ridges in the other species (Metzner 2023 61 (0.48,0.25,0.30,0.38,0.20),IV 2.14 (0.70,0.28,0.53,0.43,0.20). Carapace longer than wide, pale to dark yellow except the sides of eye field and posterior eyes bases dark, with pair of irregular dark patches medially on eye field, and longitudinal, central, yellow patch extending across thorax; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae pale, with two promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Endites, sternum colored as chelicerae. Labium slightly darker than endites. Legs pale to yellow, with one ventral spine on tibiae I, and three pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi I. Abdomen elongated, dorsum pale yellow to green-brown, covered wholly by scutum, with pair of longitudinal,  . Eupoa maidinhyeni sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C holotype habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E female paratype habitus, dorsal F holotype carapace, frontal G holotype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C-F). Abbreviations: AR -atrial ridge; CD -copulatory duct; CO -copulatory opening; S -spermatheca. irregular, pale yellow stripes on ~ 3/4 of length, and separated by longitudinal, irregular, green brown central stripes and followed by transverse, pale yellow, posterior stripe; venter pale, without markings. Palp (Fig. 5A-D): femur longer than wide, with L-shaped disto-retrolateral apophysis; patella slightly longer than wide, with slender, curved, apically pointed retrolateral apophysis broadened proximally and more than half cymbial length in retrolateral view; tibia very short, with flat, broad retrolateral apophysis pointed apically; cymbium acutely tapered, strongly curved ventrally at distal 1/4; bulb almost round in ventral view; MA extending retrolaterally, with membranous base, forming hook at distal end; TA flat, slightly curved medially in ventral view, tapered to rather pointed tip distally; CTA strongly sclerotized, originates from antero-prolateral portion of bulb, extending retrolaterally and beyond retrolateral cymbial margin distally; embolus long, partly invisible, circled and sickle-shaped.
Female (Fig. 6A 6E) similar to that of male except paler, without dorsal abdominal scutum, and with three pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I. Epigyne (Fig. 6A, B): wider than long, with pair of round atria with circled, and arc-shaped ridges; copulatory openings posteriorly located, separated from each other by ~ 2× their width; copulatory ducts short, bent medially, connected to mediolateral margins of spermathecae; spermathecae elongate-oval.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam. Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Prof. Wayne P. Maddison (Vancouver, Canada), a leading arachnologist in jumping spiders, who has made significant contributions to the taxonomy of salticids worldwide; noun (name) in genitive case.  Diagnosis. The male of Eupoa maddisoni sp. nov. closely resembles E. nezha Maddison & Zhang, 2007 in having a similar palp, especially the distally bifurcated RPA, but it can be easily distinguished by the following: (1) the shorter ramus of the RPA is ~ 1/2 the longer ramus length in retrolateral view (Fig. 7B), whereas it is < 1/10 of the longer ramus length in E. nezha (Maddison et al. 2007: fig. 2); (2) the TA has a curved dTA (Fig. 7C, D), whereas this is absent in E. nezha (Maddison et al. 2007: figs 1, 3). The female of this new species resembles E. prima Żabka, 1985 in having similar habitus markings and a similar epigyne, but it can be easily distinguished by the spermathecae, which are oval and separated from each other by approximately their width (Fig. 8B), whereas they are almost pyriform and touching in E. prima (Żabka 1985: fig. 169).
Description. Male ( . Carapace pale to dark yellow except bilateral sides of eye field, and posterior eyes bases dark, covered with white and pale setae, with pair of indistinct dark patches medially on eye field, and tapered, longitudinal, sub-triangular patch extending from the middle of PMEs to posterior margin; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae pale, with two promarginal and three retromarginal teeth. Endites sub-square. Labium darker than chelicerae and endites. Sternum almost heart-shaped, with straight anterior margin. Legs pale to greenbrown, with three pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi I. Abdomen elongated, dorsum yellow to dark brown, with pair of longitudinal brown patches anteriorly followed by three pairs of transverse, dark brown patches, covered entirely by scutum; venter pale, without distinct markings. Palp ( Fig. 7A-D): femur longer than wide, with blunt, sub-triangular retrolateral apophysis; patella sclerotized, with sub-trapeziform ventral apophysis, and distally bifurcated retrolateral apophysis acutely narrowed anteromedially, and with shorter ramus ~ 1/2 the longer ramus length; tibia short, with flat, irregular retrolateral apophysis and tapered, apically pointed dorso-retrolateral apophysis; bulb sub-oval; MA elongated, forming small hook at distal end; TA complex, with sclerotized, curved, basal division; embolus slender, flagelliform, partly visible.
Female (Fig. 8A (Fig. 8E) similar to that of male except without dorsal abdominal scutum and with three pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I. Epigyne (Fig. 8A, B): slightly wider than long, with large, irregular atrium and rectangular dorsal plate; copulatory openings located anteriorly, with C-shaped margins, separated from each other by ~ 3.5× the spermathecal width; copulatory ducts long, following a complex path; spermathecae oval, separated from each other ~ 3/4 of their width.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Eupoa ninhbinh sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the presence of a large, baso-retrolateral femoral spine on the male palp ( Fig. 9B), which is absent in all others (Metzner 2023 04 (0.68, 0.28, 0.48, 0.40, 0.20). Carapace yellow to dark brown, with indistinct patch medially on eye field, and tapered, central, longitudinal, yellow patch extending across thorax; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae pale, with one or two promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Endites, labium, sternum colored as chelicerae. Legs pale to green-brown, with one and three pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum dark brown, with longitudinal, central stripe anteriorly, three pairs of yellow spots laterally, and quadrangular yellow patch posteriorly, covered entirely by scutum; venter pale. Palp ( Fig. 9A-D): femur enlarged, with apically pointed baso-retrolateral spine more than half its length; patella sclerotized, with flat, broad retrolateral apophysis bearing sub-trapeziform division at base of posterior margin, and spine-shaped inner division; tibia short, with flat retrolateral apophysis and short, tapered dorsal apophysis with slightly pointed tip; bulb swollen, almost oval; MA slender, membranous at base, curved medially, forming hook at distal end; TA well-developed, irregularly-shaped; embolus slender, flagelliform.

Eupoa ninhbinh
Female. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.
Comments. The species is only known from the male, so there is a possibility that it is conspecific with one of two described species (Eupoa daklak Marusik, 2014 andE. hainanensis Peng &Kim, 1997) that are also known only from females. However, E. ninhbinh sp. nov. has specific habitus markings (see description) that differ from these two species.    Etymology. The species name is a patronym in honor of Prof. Marek Żabka (Siedlce, Poland), a leading arachnologist in jumping spiders, who contributed significantly to the taxonomy of jumping spiders from Vietnam; noun (name) in genitive case.
Diagnosis. The male of Eupoa zabkai sp. nov. resembles E. jingwei Maddison & Zhang, 2007 in the general shape of palp, but it can easily be distinguished by the presence of an RFA (Fig. 11B), whereas it is absent in E. jingwei (Maddison et al. 2007: fig. 9). The species also resembles E. prima Żabka, 1985, but it differs in: (1) the RPA being shorter than the patella in retrolateral view and with a short, inner division ( Fig. 11B-D), but the RPA is almost 1.5× longer than the patella and lacks an inner division in E. prima (Żabka 1985: figs 161-163); (2) the epigyne has a dorsal plate (Fig. 12B, C), whereas this is indistinct in E. prima (Żabka 1985: fig. 169); (3) the copulatory ducts are connected to the base of the spermathecae (Fig. 12B, C), whereas in E. prima, they are lateral to the spermathecae (Żabka 1985: fig. 169 . Carapace elevated, pale to brown except bilateral sides of eye field and posterior eyes bases dark; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Endites, labium and sternum paler than chelicerae. Legs pale to yellow, with one ventral spine on tibiae I and three pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi I. Abdomen elongate-oval, dorsum yellow to brown, with three longitudinal stripes anteriorly, followed by alternating transverse brown and yellow stripes, covered entirely by scutum; venter pale. Palp (Fig. 11A-D): femur enlarged, with sub-square retrolateral apophysis bearing finger-shaped antero-marginal division; patella sclerotized, longer than wide; RPA well-developed, broadened medially, with irregular distal division and short, bar-shaped inner division; tibia short, with flat, broad, irregularly-shaped retrolateral apophysis and triangular dorsal apophysis with pointed tip; bulb swollen, almost oval; MA weakly sclerotized at base, slightly curved medially, hooked distally; TA well-developed, irregularly-shaped, > 4× longer than wide, forming ridge distally; embolus long, flagelliform.
Female (Fig. 12A-C (Fig. 12F) similar to that of male except without dorsal abdominal scutum, and with three pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I. Epigyne (Fig. 12A-C): slightly wider than long, with pair of antero-marginal depressions, large, irregular atrium, and linguiform dorsal plate; copulatory openings anteriorly located, separated from each other by more than atrial width, with C-shaped margins; copulatory ducts long, forming complex coils, connected to base of spermathecae; spermathecae sub-oval, separated from each other by ~ 2/3 of their width.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam.
Description. Male (Figs 13, 14C, D 1.80, 0.75, 1.30, 1.53, 0.50). Carapace red-brown, with pair of dark spots medio-posteriorly on eye field, and fan-shaped yellow area anteromedially on thorax, covered with brown, thin setae; fovea red-brown, longitudinal, linear. Chelicerae yellow, with four promarginal and seven retromarginal teeth. Endites longer than wide, broadened distally. Labium darker than endites. Sternum ~ 1.5× longer than wide. Legs pale to brown, with dense setae ventrally on pa- tellae I and tibiae I, three and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum brown, with two pairs of muscle depressions anteromedially, and followed by four pale inverted V-shaped stripes; venter pale, with pair of longitudinal, dotted lines medially. Palp (Fig. 13A-C): tibia slightly longer than wide, with strongly sclerotized, tapered retrolateral apophysis ~ 1/3 tibial length, with pointed tip almost directed anteriorly in retrolateral view; cymbium longer than wide; bulb swollen medio-posteriorly, with blunt posterior lobe extending posteroretrolaterally; embolus broad, flat, originates from antero-prolateral portion of bulb, forming semi-circular notch at distal margin.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.

Genus Synagelides Strand, 1906
Type species. Synagelides agoriformis Strand, 1906 from Japan. Comments. The ant-like genus Synagelides is placed into the tribe Agoriini with the genus Agorius and is represented by 67 species mainly distributed in East and Southeast Asia (WSC 2023). The genus is unique for the male palp has a triangular femoral apophysis, an enlarged patella and a well-developed median apophysis retrolateral to the embolus. Most species of Synagelides can be further categorized into several groups according to their morphological features (Wang et al. 2020). The highest diversity of the genus occurs in China, but many undescribed species have also been found in our additional samples, indicating that the true diversity of the genus will increase. To date, only one species has been recorded from Vietnam. Etymology. The specific name is after one of the most popular surnames (An) in Vietnam; noun (name) in genitive case.

Synagelides ani
Diagnosis. The male of Synagelides ani sp. nov. closely resembles S. leigongensis Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in having a very similar palp, especially the needleshaped division of the RTA, but it can be easily distinguished by the RTA, which is acutely narrowed distally to a rather pointed tip and with a straight needle-shaped division in retrolateral view (Fig. 15B), but the RTA is blunt apically with a curved, needle-shaped division in S. leigongensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 5B). The female of this new species resembles S. xingdouensis Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in having longitudinally extending spermathecae, but it can be easily distinguished by the following: (1) the presence of an epigynal hood (Fig. 16A, B), which is absent in S. xingdouensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 16A, B); (2) the atrium is as wide as the epigyne (Fig. 16A, B), whereas it is ~ 1/3 the epigynal width in S. xingdouensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 16A, B).
Description. Male (Figs 15, 16D Carapace stippled, yellow-red to dark, covered with white and brown setae, with pair of irregular dark patches anteromedially on eye field; fovea oval. Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidental tooth with two cusps. Endites red-yellow, almost square, bearing dense setae on paler inner margins. Labium colored as endites, almost linguiform. Sternum red-yellow, longer than wide, almost shieldshaped. Legs yellow except femora I red-brown, with seven (2-2-2-1) and two spines on tibiae I and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum yellow to dark brown, with longitudinal, sub-trapeziform patch anteriorly, pair of muscle depressions, two transverse, yellow stripes medially, and two clusters of white setae mediolaterally; venter yellow to brown, with dotted lines medially. Palp (Fig. 15A-E): femur longer than wide, with triangular disto-prolateral apophysis; patella enlarged, longer than wide; tibia short, with sclerotized, sub-triangular PTA, and robust RTA with dolphinshaped longitudinal part, and membranous, needle-shaped inner division; cymbium longer than wide in ventral view; bulb swollen; embolus twisted, tapered; MA sclerotized, irregular, retrolateral to embolus, with small processes distally.
Female ( Fig. 16A- (Fig. 16F) similar to that of male except paler and without distinct dark patches on eye field. Epigyne (Fig. 16A-C): wider than long, with small, broad, central hood; atrium oval, separated by the broad, irregularly-shaped median septum, with pair of arc-shaped lateral ridges; copulatory openings beneath the base of atrial ridges; copulatory ducts straight, transversely extending at proximal half, continuing, slightly curving and followed by invisible parts; spermathecae longitudinal extending, ~ 2.5× longer than wide, touched, tapered posteriorly; fertilization ducts originate from anterior portions of spermathecae, lamellar.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc, Vietnam.    Liu, Chen, Xiao, Xu & Peng, 2017 in having a similar RTA, but it can be easily distinguished by the presence of a DTA and by the blunt PCA (Fig. 17A, B), whereas a DTA is absent and the PCA is pointed in S. tangi (Liu et al. 2017: figs 5G, 6D). The female of this new species resembles that of S. leigongensis Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in having very large, transversely extending spermathecae, but it can be easily distinguished by the following: (1) the presence of an epigynal hood (Fig. 18A, B), which is absent in S. leigongensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 6A); (2) the spermathecae extend anterolaterally (Fig. 18B, C), whereas they extend posterolaterally in S. leigongensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 6C).
Description. Male (Figs 17, 18D IV 3.39 (0.90,0.43,0.88,0.83,0.35). Carapace stippled, dark yellow to red-yellow, covered with pale, thin setae and white scale setae, with pair of longitudinal, dark patches mediolaterally on eye field; fovea oval. Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Endites colored as chelicerae, with pale inner margins. Labium dark brown, almost linguiform. Sternum almost shield-shaped. Legs pale to yellow except femora I and IV brown to red-brown, with three and two spines on tibiae I and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum red-brown, with transverse, white stripe of setae medially and  several transverse dotted lines posteriorly; venter brown. Palp (Fig. 17A-E): femur longer than wide, with triangular, prolateral apophysis; patella enlarged, longer than wide; tibia wider than long, with disciform VTA in retrolateral view, flat RTA curved anteroventrally, and blunt apically, and sclerotized, triangular DTA; cymbium longer than wide; bulb swollen, with sperm ducts extending along margin; embolus tapered, twisted; MA elongated, with spine-shaped processes on retrolateral portion of distal half and anterior margin.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.
Etymology. The species name is a patronym in honor of Prof. Xianjin Peng (Changsha, China), who has made significant contributions to the taxonomy of Chinese salticid spiders; noun (name) in genitive case.
Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ha Giang Province, Vietnam.
Comments. According to morphological features, the species shares a similar habitus and epigyne with S. forkiforma Yang, Zhu & Song, 2007, S. hamatus Zhu, Zhang, Zhang & Chen, 2005, S. jingzhao Yang, Zhu & Song, 2007, S. latus Li, Wang & Peng, 2021, S. lushanensis Xie & Yin, 1990, S. triangulus Li, Wang & Peng, 2021, S. wuliangensis Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020, and S. yinae Liu, Chen, Xu & Peng, 2017, and they could be assigned into an un-described group, recognized by the female having anterior epigynal hood, S-shaped copulatory ducts, oval or elongate-oval spermathecae, and the male palp with spine-shaped RTA and paliform DTA (or BTA described in Li et al. 2021). Despite the fact that the species is only known from females, we are confident in describing it as new because there is no congener known only from males among those species.   Etymology. The specific name comes from the Chinese pinyin san cha (trident) and refers to the trifurcate RTA; noun.

Synagelides sancha
Diagnosis. The male of Synagelides sancha sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the trifurcate RTA (Fig. 20B, C), whereas it is bifurcated or lacking branches in other species (Metzner 2023). The female of this new species resembles S. subgambosus Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in having a similar epigyne, but it can be distinguished by the following: (1) the presence of a posterior epigynal hood (Fig. 21A, B), which is lacking and instead replaced by an epigynal fold in the same position in S. subgambosus (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 12A); (2) the visible parts of the accessory glands are shorter than 1/8 of the spermathecal width (Fig. 21C, D), whereas they are ~ 2/3 of the spermathecal width in S. subgambosus (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 12C).
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc and Hai Phong Provinces, Vietnam.
Comments. Yaginumaella, contains 13 species mainly restricted to East Asia (WSC 2023). It was represented by nearly 50 species before Patoleta et al. (2020) transferred 37 of them into Ptocasius. However, the decision to transfer the species requires further confirmation because it is only based on the similarity of copulatory organs and ignores habitus differences. Additionally, there are no molecular data to provide another line of evidence for this hypothesis. To date, there are no Yaginumaella species recorded from Vietnam. Our experience indicates that there are quite a few species that are yet to be discovered from the unexplored, high-altitude mountains of South China, and the true diversity of the genus will greatly increase. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Yaginumaella hagiang sp. nov. closely resembles Y. orthomargina Shao, Li & Yang, 2014 in having a very similar palpal structure, but it can be distinguished by the following: (1) the tip of embolic division is directed prolaterally (Fig. 22C), whereas it is directed anteriorly in Y. orthomargina (Shao et al. 2014: fig. 10); (2) the RTA is slightly curved towards the dorsal side distally in retrolateral view (Fig. 22B), whereas it is straight in Y. orthomargina (Shao et al. 2014: fig. 11).
Female. Unknown. Distribution. Only known from the type locality in Ha Giang Province, Vietnam. Comments. The species is known only from males, but there are no other congeners known only from single females distributed in the nearby area, so, there is a very small possibility that the species belongs to a species that is already described only known from females. Thus, we describe it as new herein.
Description. Small-sized spiders. Sexual dimorphism indistinct. Carapace almost square, red-brown to dark brown, setose, with elevated cephalic region and sloped thorax; fovea dark, longitudinal, bar-shaped. Chelicerae with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidental tooth or single tooth. Endites broadened distally. Labium almost linguiform. Sternum almost oval, with straight anterior margin. Legs yellow to dark brown. Abdomen oval or elongate-oval, dorsum with alternate pale yellow and dark brown transverse bands or with several chevrons posteriorly; venter yellow-brown to dark brown. Palp: tibia short, with ventral bump, and straight retrolateral apophysis almost equal to its length; cymbium longer than wide; bulb elongated, with posteriorly extending posterior lobe and small, antero-marginal lobe; embolus originates from the anterior portion of bulb, forming a disc at base, coiled in almost a circle. Epigyne: with big, round, paired atria; copulatory openings medially or posteriorly located on atria; copulatory ducts long, coils almost C-shaped, with proximal accessory glands or not; spermathecae almost round, spherical, anteriorly located; fertilization ducts originate from the anterior margins of spermathecae, transversely extending.
Comments. According to the morphological features, it can be easily recognized that Euophrys xuyei is not a true Euophrys. Herein it is being transferred into Zabka gen. nov. based on the similarity of copulatory organs with the generotype. However, it is also different from the latter in habitus markings, indicating that the generic position of this species may need further confirmation. (Żabka, 1985), comb. nov. bium longer than wide, and tapered at distal half; bulb elongated, with sperm duct strongly curved at anterior half, with oval anterior lobe, and well-developed, posteriorly extended posterior lobe; embolus originates from the antero-prolateral portion of bulb, forming disc at base, remainder curved into nearly a complete circle, with blunt tip.