Corresponding author: Jan Klimaszewski (
Academic editor: A. Brunke
Two new species,
Klimaszewski J, Langor DW, Bourdon C, Gilbert A, Labrecque M (2016) Two new species and new provincial records of aleocharine rove beetles from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). ZooKeys 593: 49–89. doi:
In the first comprehensive survey of the
Species of
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USA: AK |
All specimens in this study were dissected to examine the genital structures. Extracted genital structures were dehydrated in absolute alcohol, mounted in Canada balsam on celluloid micro-slides, and pinned with the specimens from which they originated. Images of the entire body and the genital structures were taken using an image processing system (Nikon SMZ 1500 stereoscopic microscope; Nikon Digital Camera DXM 1200F, and Adobe Photoshop software).
Morphological terminology mainly follows that used by
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, R. Martineau Insectarium, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador (on long-term loan to D. Langor, Edmonton, Alberta)
– Alberta
– British Columbia
– Labrador
– Manitoba
– New Brunswick
– Newfoundland
– Nova Scotia
– Northwest Territories
– Nunavut
– Ontario
– Prince Edward Island
– Quebec
– Saskatchewan
– Yukon Territory
USA state abbreviations follow those of the US Postal Service.
Of the 189 species currently known from NL, 31 are adventive, 17 Holarctic, and 141 are Nearctic. The high percentage (16.4%) of adventive species is not surprising because NL was one of the first Canadian provinces with well-established trade with Europe dating back to the 17th century. Genera with the highest number of adventive species are
Detailed provincial faunal surveys provide a clear and comprehensive biodiversity dataset to establish baseline biodiversity composition where ecosystems are undergoing rapid change due to anthropogenic disturbances and climate change. Species from this family and subfamily are known to be exceptionally good ecological indicators and are increasingly being used to assess ecosystem resistance and resilience in the wake of development and environmental changes (
The extensive sampling efforts for insects in the province to date have resulted in 189 known aleocharine species. Undoubtedly, more will be discovered over time with additional sampling and further taxonomic study. However, we believe that due to intensive sampling efforts in
Body length 3.0–6.5 mm, piceous-to-black, with tarsi, last articles of labial and maxillary palpi and often posterior margin of elytra rust-brown (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Bog near Burgeo jct., |
References |
In Newfoundland, adults were collected in moose dung near a bog, and in bear and sheep/horse dung. In New Brunswick, adults were captured from fresh moose dung in an eastern white cedar swamp and in decaying sea wrack resting on vegetation on the upper margin of a salt marsh (
Body length 4.5–7.0 mm, robust, dark brown to black, with legs, labial and maxillary palpi and most of elytra (except for scutellar section) rust-brown (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Terra Nova National Park, Sandy Pond, |
References |
In Newfoundland, adults were collected from among beach rocks and detritus. Elsewhere, adults were captured from flood debris, swampy areas, debris around dead elm and from a moose carcass (
Body length 4.0–6.0 mm, robust, dark brown to black, with legs or only tarsi, labial and maxillary palpi and most of elytra (except sides and for scutellar section) rust-brown to yellowish-brown (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Badger, N:o 256, 22-25.VI.51, Lindroth (MZH) 1 specimen; Badger, N:o 257, 22-23.VI.51, Lindroth (MZH) 1 specimen; Terra Nova, N:o 327, 26-28.VII.51, Lindroth (MZH) 2 specimens; Millertown, N:o 239, 14.VI.51, Lindroth (MZH) 1 specimen. |
References |
In North America, adults were collected from debris among vegetation in a temporary creek, from leaves and debris at the edge of deciduous forest and from flood debris, in swampy habitats, and in an old beaver lodge and on carrion (
This species is easily distinguishable from other aleocharines by its distinctive body shape, integument with coarse and dense punctation and pubescence (Fig.
Origin | Palaearctic, adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Barachois Pd. Prov. Pk., |
References |
In Newfoundland, specimens were captured in mixed boreal forest using pitfall traps. In New Brunswick, this adventive species was collected in litter at the base of a tree in a silver maple swamp, in flood debris along a river margin, and among decaying corncobs and cornhusks near a home in a forested residential area (
This adventive species is well established in eastern Canada.
This species is easily recognized to genus by the shape of its habitus with subparallel body, deeply impressed and coarsely punctate first three visible abdominal tergites, elongate pronotum, very long tarsi with hind tarsi almost as long as tibia (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Glide Lake, 8-IX-1993, pitfall 3.8 ( |
References |
In Newfoundland, one female was captured in a pitfall trap in September from a coniferous forest. In Ontario, females of
This is the second record of this species from Canada, and it is much further east than the first record from Ontario by
This species is easily distinguishable from other aleocharines by its small (1.8–3.4 mm) and elongate body (Fig.
Origin | Palaearctic, adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: NL, |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: St. John’s, |
References |
The accidental introduction of this obscure Palaearctic species into North America is surprising and may be recent as all known first discovered specimens are from 2009–2010 from two contiguous counties in southern Ontario (
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Cheeseman Provincial Park, |
References |
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In Newfoundland, one female was collected in a pitfall trap in a mixed boreal forest in July. In New Brunswick,
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, |
Revised records | Revised provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Gallants Rd. 2.2 km from TCH, ARNEWS plot, |
References |
In Newfoundland, adults were collected in pitfall traps in boreal conifer forests in July and August.
See comments under the next species.
This is a sibling species of
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Gallants, 25-VII-1994, ARNEWS 9-102, W. Bowers ( |
References |
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In Newfoundland, adults were collected in pitfall traps in boreal forests in July and August. In New Brunswick, adults of this species were found in mature mixed forest, old-growth and old white spruce and balsam fir forests, a mature red spruce forest, and in a wet alder swamp. Specimens were collected from coral
In the past, the two sibling species were mixed together and identified as
(female).
Body length 3.5–3.9 mm; body moderately narrow (Fig.
Known only from Newfoundland, Canada.
This species was found in Newfoundland under detritus along seashore, under seaweed on sandy beaches, in vegetation and gravel on riverbanks, and on the edge of a marsh very close to a shoreline. Adults were collected in June.
This species is very similar externally to a Palaearctic adventive species found in
There are two adventive species of
Origin | Palaearctic, adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: St. John’s, |
References |
The Newfoundland females were captured using pitfall traps in agricultural fields in 2007. In Ontario, specimens were collected in agricultural hedgerows using pitfall traps in 2009 and 2010 (
This species may be distinguishable from other
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: LaManche Prov. Pk., |
References |
In Newfoundland, one female was captured in a pitfall trap in a boreal conifer forest. Most adults from Quebec were collected in yellow birch- and balsam fir-dominated forest using pitfall traps (
This species is probably more widely distributed in Newfoundland than the single record suggests.
This species may be distinguishable from other
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Gallants Rd. 2.2 km from TCH, ARNEWS plot, |
Reference |
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In Newfoundland, adults were collected in pitfall traps in boreal mixedwood and conifer forests and from under seashore detritus. In New Brunswick, adults were found in sphagnum moss and litter in calcareous eastern white cedar fens, in a black spruce forest, and one individual was collected from moldy conifer duff at the base of a large pine in a mixed forest (Klimaszewski et al. 2015). Adults were found in April and May in New Brunswick, and June to August elsewhere.
This species is probably more widely distributed in the boreal forest of Canada. Some specimens from Cheeseman Provincial Park are tentatively associated with this species because the antecostal suture of female sternite VIII was not straight like in typical forms but was strongly sinuate medially. These specimens were excluded from
This species may be distinguishable from two other Nearctic
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Barachois Pd. Prov. Pk., |
References |
In Newfoundland, one female was captured in a pitfall trap in mixed forest. In Ontario,
This species probably reaches its northernmost distribution limit in Newfoundland.
This species may be distinguishable from two other similar Nearctic species of
Origin | Palaearctic and adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: St. John’s, Bowering Park, |
Reference |
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In Newfoundland, specimens were found in gravel and moss on a riverbank, under seaweed on a sandy beach, and by sweeping vegetation in riparian habitat. In New Brunswick,
(female).
This species is named after Andrea Pretty, an enthusiastic entomophilic park interpreter who collected the type series in Butterpot Provincial Park.
Body length 2.7–3.0 mm; body moderately narrow, sides subparallel (Fig.
Known only from Butterpot Provincial Park in southeastern Newfoundland, Canada.
Adults were collected in August and September in pitfall traps in coniferous boreal forest.
This species is very similar externally to
This species may be distinguished by its body shape (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: |
New records | New provincial record; |
References |
The Newfoundland specimens were taken on the gravel banks of a stream and a river. In New Brunswick, adults occurred along river (clear water) margins among cobblestones set in sand and fine gravel at the water’s edge, or among gravel at the edge of the water (
We thank: Heather Beck, Doug Harrison, Dustin Hartley, Emily Herdman, Lorna LaFosse, Matthew Langor, Shelley Pardy-Moores, Patti Perry, Greg Pohl, Lisa Pollett, Andrea Pretty, Kevin Robertson, and Bruce Rodrigues for help with sampling, sorting, and sample preparation; Pamela Cheers (English Editor at