Corresponding author: A. J. Brunke (
Academic editor: Zi-Wei Yin
Brunke AJ (2022) Revision of rove beetle genus
As a supplement to previous taxonomic revisions, the present work aims to publish new specimen data, refine concepts of described species, and describe two new species.
Type label data are given verbatim, with labels separated by “/” and comments indicated in square brackets. Non-type label data were standardized to improve clarity. Specimens were georeferenced using Google Earth or Google Maps.
All specimens were examined dry using a Nikon SMZ25 stereomicroscope. Genitalia and terminal segments of the abdomen were dissected and placed in glycerin filled vials, pinned with their respective specimens. Line illustrations were made from standard images and then digitally inked in Adobe Illustrator CC-2021. All imaging, including photomontage was accomplished using a motorized Nikon SMZ25 microscope and NIS Elements BR v. 4.5. Photos were post-processed in Adobe Photoshop CC-2021.
All measurements were made using a live measurement module within NIS Elements BR v. 4.5. Measurements were taken as listed below, but only proportional (
Country unknown: “Nova Grenada” [handwritten label],
Although the specimen from
Only two distant localities were previously known for this species: Chapulhuacán (Hidalgo) and Córdoba (Veracruz) (
The above specimen perfectly corresponds to
1 | Base of head with a pair of large, glossy protuberances, creating expansive impunctate areas (fig. 6A in |
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– | Base of head with small, well separated protuberances that may or may not be entirely obscured by sculpture; Mexico |
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2 | Head with small, shining, protuberances generally lacking sculpture; pronotum laterally without strigose sculpture forming longitudinal channels (Fig. |
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– | Head with small protuberances, almost entirely obscured by sculpture; pronotum laterally with strigose sculpture forming longitudinal channels (Fig. |
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3 | Elytra with extensive strigose sculpture, not limited to lateral patch; abdominal tergite VII with median impunctate area; paramere longer than median lobe and with peg setae arranged in a simple, well-aligned marginal row at each side (Fig. |
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– | Elytra with strigose sculpture limited to lateral patch; abdominal tergite VII without median impunctate area; paramere shorter than median lobe and with peg setae arranged in loosely organized marginal row, often with doubled punctures (Fig. |
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Tlanchinol, 43 km SW Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo, Mexico.
The species epithet refers to the similarity to its sister species,
Within the Strigifrons group (for diagnosis, see
Male genitalia
Measurements ♂ (
Measurements ♀ (
As in the description of
This species is known from two rather close localities in Hidalgo, Mexico.
Specimens were collected in cloud forests (1500–1830 m), using an FIT and from a rotten log.
In
Holotype, examined for
Within the Strigifrons group (for diagnosis, see
In its revised sense,
At the moment, sister species
The above material, more than doubling the number of known specimens, was collected by FIT very close to the locality of one paratype and indicate that this species readily disperses through flight.
Upon study of one paratype of
1 | Pronotum dark reddish brown to bright orange, contrasting with dark head; elytra bright metallic green to blue; abdomen bicolored red and black, or at least with tergites distinctly paler apically |
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– | Pronotum dark, concolorous with head; elytra with only faint metallic reflection; abdomen entirely dark, elytra dark |
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2 | Paramere with constricted stem, exposing median lobe in parameral view; apex of median lobe obtuse in parameral view; northeastern Sichuan, northern Chongqing and southern Shaanxi, China |
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– | Paramere vaguely constricted, not exposing median lobe in parameral view; apex of median lobe acute in parameral view; north-central Sichuan, China |
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3 | Head with deeply impressed punctures, many punctures confluent, forming rows; Hubei and Guizhou, China |
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– | Head with regular, non-impressed punctures, most punctures clearly separated, Sichuan and Yunnan, China, Laos and Vietnam |
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4 | Paramere with peg setae medially, on projected ridge; peg setae with median group extended clearly basad of marginal group; median lobe in lateral view without subapical teeth; Hubei, China |
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– | Paramere without projected ridge; peg setae with median group extended to no more than just behind level of marginal group; median lobe in lateral view with small subapical teeth; Guizhou, China |
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5 | Hind tibia in lateral view with at least distal half distinctly paler than darkened portion of femur; paramere with median rows of peg setae extended far basad of marginal rows (Fig. |
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– | Hind tibia in lateral view entirely dark, as dark as darkened portion of femur; paramere with median rows of peg setae, if present, extended only just basad of marginal rows; median lobe in lateral view gradually widening basad from subapex |
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6 | Antennomere 5 elongate, 6 very weakly transverse; paramere shorter than median lobe, apex of median lobe visible in parameral view; paramere with wide subapical part angulate and then narrowed to broader, more truncate apex (Fig. |
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– | Antennomere 5 subquadrate, 6 distinctly transverse (Fig. |
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7 | Antennomeres 7–10 relatively elongate: 6 quadrate and 7 weakly transverse; paramere with attenuate apex |
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– | Antennomeres 7–10 relatively transverse: 6 weakly, and 7 distinctly transverse; paramere with evenly converging sides |
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8 | Apex of median lobe in lateral view forming a more elongate triangle; paramere in lateral view with broad lateral projection; Central Yunnan, China, east of the Salween River |
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– | Apex of median lobe in lateral view forming a shorter triangle; paramere in lateral view with sharp lateral projection; Western Yunnan, China, west of the Salween River |
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9 | Peg setae absent from broad oval shaped area along middle of paramere; median lobe in lateral view without expansion basad of subapical tooth; Western Yunnan, China, west of the Salween River, possibly adjacent Myanmar |
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– | Peg setae absent from only narrow strip along middle of paramere; median lobe in lateral view with distinct expansion basad of subapical tooth; southeast Yunnan, China, and northern Laos and Vietnam (possibly northern Thailand) |
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22.348, 103.775, 1948 m, subtropical forest, fungusy wood, beating, 23.VI.2017, R. Schuh (1 male, 1 female,
Newly recorded from Vietnam and known elsewhere from southern Yunnan, China and northern Laos. The above specimens fill in a distribution gap between the southern Chinese and Laos localities.
Although this specimen is a single female, the transverse antennomeres and its locality west of the Salween River (“Nujiang” in China) allow for a determination to
The female paratype of sister species
Phia Oac National Park, Cao Bang, Vietnam.
The species epithet refers to the similar species
Within the Electus group (for diagnosis, see
Measurements ♂ (
Very similar to
This species is known only from Phia Oac National Park in northern Vietnam, though it likely occurs at similar elevations in neighboring Yunnan, China and elsewhere in northern Vietnam east of the Red River.
The holotype was pyrethrin-fogged from a dead standing tree, bearing orange-fungal fruiting bodies.
The above single female specimen is similar to
This species is newly reported from Guangxi, indicating that it is probably very broadly distributed in the low forested hills of southeastern China. The specimens from wet rocks in a forested river valley probably dropped when disturbed from overhanging coarse woody debris.
30 | Paramere with subbasal expansion in lateral view; Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India |
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– | Paramere without subbasal expansion in lateral view; Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, and Himalaya of Nepal and West Bengal, India |
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31 | Apex of the median lobe in parameral view with single toothed carina; paramere with peg setae arranged in disorganized marginal row, apex with dense group; Himalaya of Nepal and West Bengal, India |
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– | Apex of median lobe in parameral view with double-toothed carina; paramere with peg setae in sparse, single marginal row; Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India |
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I would like to thank the curators listed in Materials and methods for making specimens under their care available for study. I would also like to thank Hong Thai Pham (Vietnam National Museum of Nature) for his assistance with fieldwork in Vietnam in 2017 and 2019. This study received financial support from A-base funding from the Government of Canada (Agriculture and Agri-food Canada: Systematics of Beneficial Arthropods – J-002276). Two reviewers are thanked for their input, which improved the manuscript.