Corresponding author: Gi-Sik Min (
Academic editor: Christopher Glasby
A new spionid polychaete,
Lee GH, Min G-S (2022)
In northeast Asia, four
Adult samples were collected from sandflats in the intertidal zone of the Korea Strait (Fig.
Map and habitat of the type locality (red star) where
Genomic DNA was extracted from the palps of three specimens of the new species (
Korea Strait, Korea: Jeollanam-do, Wando-gun, Soan-myeon, Gahak-ri, Soan Island,
Prostomium with 2 conical pointed frontolateral horns, extending posteriorly to anterior margin of chaetiger 1, with papilliform elevation on posterior part. Metameric nuchal organs brownish and oval, ciliary bands double-paired from chaetiger 1 to chaetigers 42–49. First notopodial postchaetal lamellae large and lanceolate. Anterior branchiae conspicuously large and foliaceous. Tridentate hooded hooks appearing from chaetigers 18–24, numbering 9 or 10 per fascicle. Transverse ciliated bands, ciliation on the inner branchiae, and intersegmental transverse cilia absent in anteriormost chaetigers. Sperm from chaetiger 12 to chaetigers 34–43. Oocytes from chaetigers 35–44 onwards, up to approximately 120 μm in diameter. Pygidium with 1 pair of stout, conical ventral cirri, and usually 4–6 pairs of thin, long dorsolateral cirri.
Holotype specimen complete with 85 chaetigers, approximately 0.9 mm wide and 7.0 mm long. Paratypes with 79–93 chaetigers, 0.8–1.1 mm wide, and 5.5–10.7 mm long. Yellowish-white in both live and formalin-fixed specimens (Fig.
Prostomium with 2 conical pointed frontolateral horns; transverse depression between anterior and middle part of prostomium (Fig.
Chaetiger 1 well developed, with large, lanceolate notopodial postchaetal lamellae and conical neuropodial postchaetal lamellae (Fig.
Chaetae in notopodia all capillaries with sheaths; arranged in 2 indistinct rows in anterior chaetigers, more posteriorly arranged in a bundle; 8–12 capillaries very long, non-granulated capillaries in superiormost position at first 2 chaetigers (Fig.
Scanning electron microscopy observation of
Transverse ciliated bands and intersegmental transverse cilia present from chaetiger 5 to almost throughout body (Fig.
Maximum-likelihood (
Pygidium with 1 pair of stout, conical ventral cirri, and usually 4–6 pairs (5 pairs in holotype, 1 specimen (
The specific name
The new species was found in fine sand in the intertidal zone.
Soan Island, Korea.
The partial mitochondrial
GenBank accession numbers of
Species | GenBank accession number | References | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
16S |
18S |
28S |
|||
1 |
|
|
|
Present study | |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
Genetic distances of four molecular markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S ribosomal DNA [
Species | GenBank accession number | Uncorrected pairwise distances | References | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 | 2 | ||||||||
1 |
|
|
identical | Present study | ||||||
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||
2 |
|
|
20.2% | Radashevsky et al. (unpublished) | ||||||
|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |||
1 |
|
|
0–0.4% | Present study | ||||||
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||
2 |
|
|
6.9% |
|
||||||
3 |
|
|
18.8% | 18.7% |
|
|||||
4 |
|
|
21.3% | 21.5% | 16.0% |
|
||||
5 |
|
|
21.6% | 21.5% | 12.8% | 17.1% |
|
|||
6 |
|
|
22.3% | 22.2% | 16.7% | 10.0% | 17.7% |
|
||
7 |
|
|
23.3% | 22.8% | 18.7% | 17.7% | 14.2% | 21.2% |
|
|
8 |
|
|
24.4% | 24.3% | 22.0% | 22.0% | 21.3% | 25.4% | 17.1% |
|
|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |||
1 |
|
|
identical | Present study | ||||||
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||
2 |
|
|
0.4% |
|
||||||
3 |
|
|
11.0% | 11.1% |
|
|||||
4 |
|
|
11.2% | 11.0% | 2.0% |
|
||||
5 |
|
|
11.6% | 11.6% | 2.5% | 2.7% |
|
|||
6 |
|
|
12.7% | 12.8% | 4.0% | 3.9% | 4.5% |
|
||
7 |
|
|
12.8% | 12.9% | 4.0% | 4.0% | 4.5% | 0.2% |
|
|
8 |
|
|
13.6% | 13.5% | 5.6% | 6.4% | 6.6% | 7.7% | 7.8% |
|
|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |||
1 |
|
|
identical | Present study | ||||||
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||
2 |
|
|
0.7% |
|
||||||
3 |
|
|
13.0% | 13.0% |
|
|||||
4 |
|
|
14.3% | 14.3% | 3.4% |
|
||||
5 |
|
|
14.7% | 14.7% | 4.1% | 4.4% |
|
|||
6 |
|
|
14.7% | 14.7% | 4.1% | 4.4% | 5.8% |
|
||
7 |
|
|
14.7% | 14.7% | 4.1% | 4.7% | 5.8% | 0.3% |
|
|
8 |
|
|
18.0% | 18.0% | 6.8% | 8.5% | 8.2% | 8.5% | 8.8% |
|
Seven
The new species is unique in terms of the lack of ciliation in the anteriormost chaetigers. Among the known
Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of three gene regions (16S
The gene sequences obtained in this study along with morphological information, including
This study was supported by research funds from the National Institute of Biological Resources (