Two new species of cricket genus Anaxiphomorpha Gorochov, 1987 (Orthoptera, Trigonidiidae, Trigonidiinae) in China

Abstract Two new species, Anaxiphomorphanonggangensissp. nov. and Anaxiphomorphamanereserratussp. nov., are reported from Guangxi Province, China. Descriptions and illustrations for the new species and a key to all known species of Anaxiphomorpha are provided.


Introduction
The genus Anaxiphomorpha was established with Anaxiphomorpha brachyapodemalis Gorochov, 1987 as the type species. Anaxiphomorpha is recognized by a smaller body size, yellow coloration and special genitalia structure (epiphallus and ectoparamere possess multiple lobes or branches).
To date, seven species have been reported worldwide (Cigliano et al. 2021). Apart from two species, Anaxiphomorpha brachyapodemalis Gorochov, 1987 and Anaxiphomorpha longiapodemalis Gorochov, 1987 reported from Vietnam, the other five, Anaxiphomorpha biserratus Liu & Shi, 2015, Anaxiphomorpha brevisparamerus Liu & Shi, 2015, Anaxiphomorpha longiserratus Liu & Shi, 2015, Anaxiphomorpha serratiprotuberus Liu & Shi, 2015 and Anaxiphomorpha hexagona Ma, 2018 have been recorded from China. After comparing our new materials with the species of this genus, we concluded that two Chinese species are new for science. The distribution of Anaxiphomorpha species worldwide including the new species is also presented (Fig. 1).

Materials and methods
All specimens were collected at night with a sweep net. Specimens were preserved in ethanol during field work, and pinned and dry-preserved in the laboratory. Male genitalia were dissected from softened specimens. Photomicrographs of genitalia were collected using Toup-Cam Digital camera and bundled software (ToupTek, Hangzhou, China). Photographs of specimens were obtained using a VHX-6000 digital microscope (Keyence, Osaka, Japan).

Measurements
All specimens were measured using a ToupCam Digital camera and bundled software (ToupTek, Hangzhou, China). All the measurements are in millimeters (mm).
The specimens are deposited at the Museum of Flora and Fauna of Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China (SNNU).

Taxonomy
Genus Anaxiphomorpha Gorochov, 1987 Type species. Anaxiphomorpha brachyapodemalis Gorochov, 1987 Key to known species of Anaxiphomorpha    (Figs 2A, 3A). Body size small. Head small and pubescent, slightly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; frontal rostrum as wide as antennal scape; eyes large and protruding forwards; apical three joints of maxillary palpi distinctly elongate, 5 th joint truncated apically. Pronotum transverse, strongly widened posteriorly and distinctly longer than width of anterior one. Tegmina extending slightly over apex of abdomen, armed with one oblique vein; mirror slightly elongate; hindwings absent. Fore tibia armed with a large long-oval external tympanum, and without internal tympanum. Hind tibia bearing three dorsal spurs on two sides respectively, and bearing two apical spurs inside and three outside. Genitalia (Fig. 4A-C). Lateral lobes of epiphallus slightly longer than median lobes, and possessing several teeth at outer margin, not narrowed apically in dorsal view, gradually narrowed apically in lateral view; median lobes shaped as boot and abruptly narrowed apically in lateral view. Etcoparameres transversely and truncated apically.
Coloration. Body colored yellow. Dorsal area of head ornamented with four brown longitudinal stripes in ventral view, anterior half of abdomen colored dark brown in male or small part of middle abdomen colored dark in female. Apex of each hind femur bearing a small dark spot on two sides respectively. Ovipositor ventrally colored brown to dark brown and remainder yellowish.
Remarks. This species is very similar to A. brevisparamerus in the ectoparameres of the male genitalia, but different in the epiphallic lateral lobes of this new species, which are shaped as boot with an acute apex. Description. Male (Figs 3C, 5A). Body size small. Head small and pubescent, slightly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; frontal rostrum 1.2 times wider than  antennal scape; eyes large and protruding forwards; apical three joints of maxillary palpi distinctly elongate, 5 th joint truncated apically. Pronotum transverse, strongly widened posteriorly, and slightly wider than the anterior. Tegmina extending slightly over apex of abdomen, armed with one oblique vein; mirror slightly elongate; hindwings absent. Fore tibia armed with a large long-oval external tympanum; internal tympanum absent. Hind tibia bearing three dorsal spurs on two sides respectively, and bearing two apical spurs inside and three outside. Genitalia (Fig. 4D-F). Lateral lobes of epiphallus slightly longer than median lobes in lateral view and possessing horned protuberances at inner margin proximally and outer margin medially, bearing several teeth at inner and outer margin and not narrowed apically in lateral view. Ectoparameres short and serrated apically.
Coloration. Body colored yellow. Dorsal area of head ornamented with four brown longitudinal stripes. Apex of each hind femur bearing a small dark spot in two sides respectively. Ovipositor ventrally colored brown to dark brown and remainder yellowish.
Etymology. The name refers to the epiphallic median lobes almost as long as the lateral lobes.
Distribution. China (Guangxi) (Fig. 1). Remarks. This species is very similar to A. serratiprotuberus and A. longiserratus in dorsal and ventral views of the male genitalia, but different in lateral view (epiphallic lateral lobes of the new species possessing horned protuberances at the inner margin proximally and the outer margin medially, and the ectoparameres of this new species are acute apically).