Stout setae on the posterolateral face of the hypopygium in Neoponera and Pachycondyla A Neoponera bucki, worker (UFV-LABECOL-007493); hypopygium disassociated from the pygidium; arrows indicate the spine-like setae B N. carinulata, worker (CASENT0845443); arrow indicates the spine-like setae C Pachycondyla crassinoda, worker (CASENT0370917); arrow indicates the spine-like setae D P. harpax, worker (CASENT0374616); spine-like seta highlighted in orange E P. crassinoda, worker (CASENT0372235); left side; arrow indicates the aristate setae F P. crassinoda, worker (CASENT0372235); right side; arrow indicates the aristate setae; spine-like seta highlighted in orange. Images by JCM Chaul (A) and FA Esteves (B–F); available at AntWeb.org. Scale bars: 0.04 mm (A–C, E, F); 0.06 mm (D).