First description of the male of Hitobia makotoi Kamura, 2011 (Araneae, Gnaphosidae)

Abstract The male of Hitobia makotoi Kamura, 2011 is described for the first time from Hengshan Mountain, Hunan Province, China. This species was originally described from Amami-ôshim Island, Japan and has been recorded from Gaoligong Mountain, Yunnan Province, China. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of both sexes of this species are given.


Introduction
The spider genus Hitobia is distributed in East Asia with 16 species described to date, half of which are described by only the male or only the female (World Spider Catalog Version 2016, Wang andPeng 2014, Kamura 2011).
The species Hitobia makotoi Kamura, 2011 was first described based on female specimens only from Amami-ôshim Island, Japan. Wang and Peng (2014) identified a female specimen from Gaoligong Mountain, Yunnan Province, China as this species, although the spermathecae of this specimen are slightly different from those of the holotype in the original description of Kamura (2011). Recently, during examination of the spider specimens collected from Hunan Province, one female and four males were found, which can be identified as Hitobia makotoi based on comparison with the type specimens. The female is redescribed and the male is described for the first time in the present paper.

Material and methods
Specimens were examined with an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope. Details were further studied with an Olympus BX53 compound microscope. The illustrations were made using an Olympus drawing tube and inked on ink jet plotter paper. Photos were taken with a Canon PowerShot G12 digital camera mounted on an Olympus BX53 compound microscope and compound focus images were generated using Helicon Focus software (3.10 Free). Both the male palp and the female epigynum were detached from the spiders' bodies for examination and illustration.
All specimens are deposited in the College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University (HNU).
All measurements are given in millimeters. Leg measurements are given as: total length (femur, patella + tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). The following abbreviations are used in the text:

ALE
anterior lateral eye; AME anterior median eye; MOA median ocular area; PLE posterior lateral eye; PME posterior median eye. Male of H. makotoi can be distinguished from all other Hitobia by the extraordinarily elongated retrolateral tibial apophysis which is nearly as long as the cymbium, and its distal end serrated and with a small hook apically (Figs 1B, C; 3A, B). The female of H. makotoi is similar to that of H. unifascigera (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) in having a transverse white band on the posterior part of opisthosoma, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: epigynal hood situated on the anterior part of epigynum, but situated at the middle part in H. unifascigera; atrium vertically elongated, and almost as long as the epigynum, but short, and half as long as the epigynum in H. unifascigera (Figs 2B, 3D, cf. fig. 633e in Yin et al. 2012 and fig. 89H in Song, Zhu and Zhang 2004); and finally, a long and thin spermathecae in H. makotoi, but thick and massive in H. unifascigera (Figs 2C, 3E, cf. fig. 633f in Yin et al. 2012 andfig. 89I in Song, Zhu andZhang 2004).

Remark.
There are very small differences between the holotype female and the newly collected female specimen in the present study: the distal part of atrium is narrower and the basal part wider in the newly collected female specimen (Figs 2B, 3D) than in the holotype (Fig. 6 in Kamura 2011).