﻿New leafhopper species and new records of Typhlocybini (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) from China

﻿Abstract Five genera from China of the leafhopper tribe Typhlocybini are treated. Linnavuoriana Dlabola, 1958 and Shamala Dworakowska, 1980 and seven known species, Edwardsianacorylicola Vilbaste, 1968, E.praedestina Dlabola, 1967, E.singularis Anufriev, 1975, Hiratettixdistanti Dworakowska, 1982, H.malaisei Dworakowska, 1982, L.antiqua Dworakowska, 1982, and L.malicola Zachvatkin, 1949 are newly recorded from China. Two new species, Shamalaannulata and Paracybabiprocessaspp. nov., are described and illustrated. Keys to Chinese species of each genus are also provided.


Introduction
Typhlocybini (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) is a moderately large leafhopper tribe with over 924 species in 93 genera worldwide, of which 253 species in 44 genera have been recorded from China (including Zyginellini) (Dmitriev 2003;Yan 2019). Recent studies on Typhlocybinae from China have revealed many new taxa and new re-cords, especially in the tribe Typhlocybini. Here, we treat nine species belonging to five genera of this tribe, including two new species which are described and illustrated and seven new records. Updated keys to Chinese species of each genus are also provided.

Materials and methods
Figures of the specimens were made using a Leica M205 light microscope with a Leica DFC425 camera. Images were produced using the Leica Application Suite V3.7 and edited using Adobe Photoshop CS6.0 (Adobe Systems). Abdomens were removed from examined specimens and macerated in cold 10% NaOH solution overnight, subsequently rinsed for 30 s with pure water, and stored in glycerin. An Olympus SZX10 microscope was used for dissecting specimens and an Olympus PM-10AD was used for drawing the dissected male genitalia.
Type specimens of the new species are deposited in the collections of the Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China (NWAFU).
Remarks. The genus Edwardsiana includes 80 known species worldwide (Dmitriev 2003), with two species having been reported from China. Here we record three more species from China and provide a key to all Chinese species.
Diagnosis. Body cream with variable patches (Figs 1-3). Crown bluntly produced, medial length shorter than distance between eyes; coronal suture distinct. Pronotum slightly wider than head . Forewing with apical area short, 1/4-1/3 of total length; RP and MP' petiolate or not. Hind wing with R and M confluent distally.
Male sternal abdominal apodemes well developed, often extending to middle of 6 th sternite.
Male genitalia. Pygofer side often with rounded extension at basal angle; ventral part always with depressed areas, dense stout setae on ventral-basal part and row of short rigid setae caudally. Subgenital plate elongate with subapical part twisted outwards; long macroseta basally and row of short rigid setae from middle to subapex. Paramere with distal part long and curved. Connective with central ridge developed. Aedeagus with preatrium and dorsal apodeme developed; aedeagal shaft with paired apical processes; gonopore apical.
Distribution. Palaearctic and Nearctic regions.   Matsumura, 1932. Remarks. After Matsumura (1931) described the genus Hiratettix (in a key to genera), Dworakowska (1982) added three new species from China (Taiwan), Myanmar, and India, and Sohi et al. (1990) published a new species from Nepal. Here we report two species new to China and provide a key to the Chinese species.

Hiratettix matsumurai Dworakowska
Hiratettix matsumurai Dworakowska, 1982 Remarks. Up to now, there are eight known species in the genus Linnavuoriana. In Xinjiang and Yunnan provinces, we collected two known species that are the first records of the genus from China. A key to the Chinese species is given.
Head bluntly produced, little narrower than width of pronotum, and 1/3 times middle length of pronotum (Figs 25, 26). Forewing slender and obtuse apically with both sides parallel; RP+MP' petiolate at base; 1 st apical cell usually smallest; 2 nd apical cell biggest. Hind wing with two cross veins far away from each other.
Abdominal apodemes well developed, often extending to 5 th abdominal sternite. Male genitalia. Hind margin of pygofer with inner ridge, several rigid microsetae near posterior-dorsal margin and numerous minute tubercles posteroventrally. Subgenital plate parallel-sided and lack macrosetae at base, narrowing from apical 1/3-1/2 of outer margin, rounded terminally, usually with row of rigid microsetae and some fine microsetae scattered on apex. Paramere rarely curved with subapical tooth; distally with row of microsetae on outer margin and row of sensorial pits on inner margin. Connective small with central ridge underdeveloped. Aedeagal shaft with a pair of triangular protrusions on dorsal surface laterally; gonopore apical.
Distribution. Oriental and Palaearctic regions.
Diagnosis. Body slim. Head bluntly produced, middle length equal to or shorter than width between eyes, coronal suture long and distinct. Forewing laterally with apex rounded; RP and MP' petiolate at base; 1 st apical cell nearly equal in size to 4 th apical cell; 2 nd apical cell biggest. Hind wing with two cross veins.
Male sternal abdominal apodemes extending to distal margin of 4 th sternite. Male genitalia. Pygofer side tall and divided into two or three small lobes caudally, upper lobe and central lobe with short rigid setae terminally, lower lobe deeply con-tracted, usually with long macrosetae. Subgenital plate elongate, triangular with a row of short fine setae subbasally to apex, with indistinct peg-like setae at apex. Paramere with basal part slim and central part broad, thereafter gradually tapered to apex, with a row of microsetae on outer margin. Connective trapezoidal. Aedeagus with short preatrium; dorsal apodeme well developed bifurcate apically; aedeagal shaft usually short with long and asymmetrical processes apically; gonopore apical.
Distribution. Oriental and Palaearctic regions.
Key to species (males) of the genus Paracyba 1 Aedeagal shaft with two distal processes (Figs 60-62)

Paracyba nopporensis (Matsumura)
Typhlocyba nopporensis Matsumura, 1932: 100;Dworakowska 1982: 150 Male sternal abdominal apodemes extending to 4 th or 5 th sternite. Male genitalia. Genital capsule short; pygofer side with a weekly sclerotized area near middle of hind margin; several rigid setae at caudo-ventral angle and macrosetae on middle part. Subgenital plate gradually narrowing towards apex with a macroseta at base and row of short peg-like setae from middle to apex of outer margin; two rigid setae apically and few fine setae on inner margin subapically. Connective laminate, with stem well developed. Paramere with caudad part long, with several setae on outer margin. Aedeagal shaft with distal asymmetrical processes; with long membranous terminal part.
Abdominal apodemes extending to distal margin of 4 th sternite. Male genitalia. Pygofer side with several macrosetae ventrally and rigid short setae terminally (Figs 63, 64). Subgenital plate long and narrow with row of short peg-like setae from middle part to apex on outer margin (Fig. 66). Connective slender with short central lobe, stem relatively long (Fig. 68). Aedeagal shaft with four asymmetrical processes apically, of which two dorsal processes are longer and curved inward forming a ring-like shape, two ventral processes straight and slightly divergent (Figs 69-71).
Measurement. Male, 2.94 mm (including wing). Etymology. The name of this species is derived from the Latin word "annulus", referring to the two dorsal processes of the aedeagal shaft forming a ring-like shape.
Remarks. This new species resembles Shamala ricasta Dworakowska, 1981 in the structure of the male genitalia, but it differs from the latter by the two longer apical processes of aedeagal shaft forming a ring-like shape. London, UK) and anonymous reviewers for their earnest reviews. This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070478, 31372233, 31420103911) and The Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2006FY120100, 2015FY210300).