Two new species of Neotrichoporoides Girault (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China and a key to Chinese species

Abstract Seven species of Neotrichoporoides Girault from China are reviewed, including two new species: N. basiflavussp. nov., N. flavothoraxsp. nov. and two new country record species: N. cavigena Graham, 1991, N. szelenyii (Erdös, 1951). New distributional data for N. mediterraneus Graham, 1986, N. nyemitawus (Rohwer, 1921) and N. viridimaculatus (Fullaway, 1955) are provided and a key to Chinese species is given based on females.

Neotrichoporoides can be recognized by the following combination of characteristics (Graham 1987): malar sulcus usually foveate below eyes; antenna of female with four discoid anelli (only three discoid anelli were found in N. basiflavus sp. nov.), funicular segments usually elongate; mesosoma with pronotum conical, propodeum usually much longer than dorsellum and strongly reticulate, spiracles small; fore wing with MV 5.5-9.5 × as long as STV, the latter very short; external surface of metacoxae sometimes strongly reticulate; body usually with distinct metallic reflections on dark parts or mainly yellow without metallic reflections.
In the present paper, we add four more species, including two new species and two new country record species to the Chinese fauna. A key to Chinese species is given based on females.

Materials and methods
Specimens were collected by sweeping, yellow pan trapping and malaise trapping, and were dissected and mounted dorsally in Canada balsam following the method described by Noyes (1982) or glued to triangular cards. Photographs were taken with a digital CCD camera attached to an Olympus BX51 compound microscope and a Aosvi HK-830 microscope. Most measurements were made from slide-mounted specimens using an eye-piece reticle with an Olympus CX21 microscope. In the descriptions below, measurements/ratio in brackets after measurement/ratio ranges refer to the measurement/ratio of the holotype. Terminology follows the Hymenoptera Anatomy Consortium (2020), and the following abbreviations are used:
Among the species recorded from China, N. basiflavus is similar to N. mediterraneus in F1 1.4-1.6 × as long as pedicel, but can be separated from it by the following Figures 1-6. Neotrichoporoides basiflavus sp. nov., holotype, female 1 head, frontal view 2 antenna, lateral view 3 mesosoma, dorsal view 4 fore and hind wings, dorsal view 5 metasoma, ventral view 6 legs, lateral view, from left to right: fore, mid, and hind legs. Scale bars: 100 μm. combination of characteristics: lower half of face yellow and basal 1/3 of gaster yellowish (vs. green); antennal clava 3.5-3.7 × as long as broad (vs. 2.8-3.3 ×); fore wing with speculum closed posteriorly (vs. open posteriorly). The new species is also similar to the extralimital species N. beonus Narendran in base of gaster yellow, but can be separated from it by following characteristics: pronotum 0.3-0.5 × as long as mesoscutum (vs. 0.93 ×); fore wing 2.7-2.8× as long as broad (vs. 3.7 ×), SMV with five setae on dorsal surface (vs. six), speculum closed posteriorly (vs. open posteriorly).
Description. Female. Body length 1.7-2.3 mm (1.8 mm), dark green to green with metallic reflections (Fig. 31). Upper half of face green with metallic reflections, lower half of face yellow, mandibles bronze. Antenna with radicle yellowish, scape mainly yellowish, dark brown along dorsal edge, pedicel with dorsal half dark brown, ventral half yellowish brown, flagellum dark brown. Mesosoma dark green to green with metallic reflections. Wings hyaline, venation yellowish brown. Legs mainly yellow with dorsal half of mesocoxae, and base of metacoxae concolorous with mesosoma, tarsomere 4 of all legs dark brown. Gaster mainly dark green with metallic reflections, with ca. basal 1/3 yellowish, sometimes with a green spot on lateral sides of basal tergite, ovipositor sheaths with third valvula black.
Male. Similar to female. Head (Fig. 7) as shown. Antenna (Fig. 8) with scape shorter than an eye, reaching above vertex, 4 × as long as broad; ventral plaque 0.60-0.65 × as long as scape; pedicel 1.8 × as long as broad; flagellum slightly broader than pedicel, tapering slightly distally, F1 shortest, 2.1 × as long as broad and 1.6 × as long as pedicel, F2-F4 subequal in length, 3.0 × as long as broad; clava as broad as funicle, 8.5-9.0 × as long as broad, all three segments subequal in length and distinctly separated, terminal spine long, ca. 0.33 × as long as the third segment; funicular segments with whorled long setae, the longest seta on each funicular segment 1.0-1.4 × as long as length of next funicular segment. Fore wing (Fig. 10) with costal cell 0.8 × as long as MV, MV 7.0-8.0 × as long as STV. Gaster (Fig. 9)  Diagnosis. Female. Body mainly yellow with green or black markings (Fig. 32); F1 4.2 × as long as broad, 1.4-1.5 × as long as pedicel; mid lobe of mesoscutum with three adnotaular setae in one row; propodeum 2.0-2.3 × as long as dorsellum; fore wing with MV 9.5 × as long as STV, speculum closed posteriorly.
Among the species recorded from China, N. flavothorax is similar to N. viridimaculatus (Fullaway) in having similar combination of yellow and green/black parts on mesosoma, but can be separated from N. viridimaculatus by the following characteristics: propodeum completely yellow (vs. completely green); malar sulcus with a subtriangular fovea, extending 0.4-0.5 × the length of malar space (vs. small, 0.2 ×); F1 1.4-1.5 × as long as pedicel (vs. 2.4-2.5 ×). The new species is also similar to the extralimital species N. dispersus Graham in having similar combination of yellow and green/black parts on mesosoma, but can be separated by the following characteristics: propodeum completely yellow (vs. partly green); F1 1.4-1.5 × as long as pedicel (vs. 2.4-2.5 ×).
Description. Female. Body length 1.9-2.3 mm (1.9 mm). Head with upper half of face and posterior upper part of gena green with metallic reflections, lower half of face yellow; vertex with subtriangular ocelli area and occiput black, mandibles bronze; antenna with radicle, scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum brown. Mesosoma mainly yellow (Fig. 32), with pronotum, anterior middle part of mid lobe of mesoscutum black, scutellum green with metallic reflections; legs mainly yellow except tarsomere 4 of all legs dark brown; wings hyaline, venation yellowish brown. Gaster mainly dark brown with basal 1/3 yellow and a yellow spot on the terminal part of gaster, ovipositor sheaths with 1/3 valvula black.
Mesosoma (Fig. 13) 1.9 × as long as broad. Pronotum subconical, 0.3-0.4 × (0.4 ×) as long as mesoscutum. Mid lobe of mesoscutum ca. as broad as long, without median line, with extremely fine reticulation and three adnotaular setae in one row. Scutellum as broad as long; anterior pair of setae situated distinctly before the middle of scutellum, submedian grooves superficial and sublateral grooves distinct, distance between submedian grooves greater than distance between submedian groove and sublateral groove, enclosing a space ca. 2.2 × as long as broad. Reticulation on scutellum similar to that on mesoscutum. Dorsellum ca. 2.5 × as broad as long, without reticulation, posterior edge slightly curved. Propodeum 2.0-2.3 × as long as dorsellum medially, with distinct reticulation, median carina distinct and narrow; spiracles small, circular, separated from anterior margin of propodeum by ca. their own diameter; callus with three setae. Fore wing (Fig. 14) 2.8 × as long as broad, SMV with five setae on dorsal surface; costal cell 0.62 × as long as MV; MV 9.5 × as long as STV; STV with a long uncus; speculum small, closed posteriorly. Hind wing 6.2 × as long as broad, pointed. Legs (Fig. 16) with metacoxae stout, ca. 1.4 × as long as broad, externo-dorsal surface with fine reticulation, metafemora 3.6 × as long as broad; spur of metatibia 0.7 × as long as length of metabasitarsus.
Gaster (Fig. 15) lanceolate, not depressed dorsally, 3.0 × as long as broad and 1.4 × as long as head and mesosoma combined; petiole transverse; the longest cercal seta 2 × as long as the second longest. Ovipositor ca. 0.9 × as long as gaster and slightly exserted at apex of gaster; tip of hypopygium situated at ca. basal 1/3 of gaster.
Comments. This species can be distinguished by the narrow space, ca. 3.5 × as long as broad, enclosed by submedian grooves on the scutellum. For a more detailed description, see Graham (1987).