Ectomyelois Heinrich, 1956 in China, with descriptions of two new species and a key (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Phycitinae)

Abstract Only three species belonging to the genus Ectomyelois Heinrich, 1956 are recorded from China, of which two species, Ectomyelois bipectinalis sp. n. and Ectomyelois furvivena sp. n. are described as new. We discuss the status of Ectomyelois that has been treated as a junior synonym by previous authors; we treat it as a valid genus, revised status, based on characters of the venation and female genitalia. Photographs of the adults and illustrations of the genitalia are given, along with a key to the three known Chinese species.


1
Forewing with narrow grayish white, distinctly notched antemedial line (Fig. 1) Male flagellum bipectinate (Fig. 3b); transtilla trefoiled ( Fig. 7); corpus bursae three times as long as wide (Fig. 11) . 5b); transtilla inverse-goblet shape (Fig. 9); corpus bursae twice as long as wide (Fig. 12)   Diagnosis. Wingspan 15.0−22.00 mm (Fig. 1). Ectomyelois ceratoniae can be recognized by the following characters: the forewing with a narrow, distinctly notched antemedial line, the hindwing with free element of Sc+R 1 very short (Fig. 2); the uncus is bell-shaped, basally protruded on both sides, the apical projection of gnathos is stout, gently curved, about same length of the uncus, the trefoiled transtilla includes a pair of inflated bases and a more constricted central projection, the basally rectangular juxta with a pair of stout lateral lobes in the male genitalia (Fig. 7); and the ovate corpus bursae with signum is an elongate patch of scobinations, the ductus seminalis from junction of corpus and ductus bursae in the female genitalia (Fig. 10). It is quite similar to E. bipectinalis sp. n., but with differences as mentioned in the diagnosis of the latter.  guished from the latter by the narrower uncus with width almost equaling length, the widest part is at basal 2/5, the apical projection of gnathos approximately 3/5 length of uncus in male, and the elongate corpus bursae three times as long as wide in female. In E. ceratoniae, the uncus is more wide than long, the widest part at base, the apical projection of gnathos nearly the same length as uncus in male, and the corpus bursae is twice as long as wide in female.
Male genitalia (Fig. 8). Uncus bell-shaped, width almost equals length, rounded at apex, triangularly protruded laterally at basal 2/5, arched on basal margin. Apical projection of gnathos about 3/5 length of uncus, clubbed, slightly bent and furcated at apex. Transtilla trefoiled, including a pair of triangularly inflated bases, and a tongueshaped central projection with rounded apex posteriorly. Valva three times as long as wide, evenly curved toward rounded apex, costal margin almost parallel with ventral margin except slightly convex at basal 2/3; costa strongly sclerotized, broad at base, slightly narrowed and extending to end of valva, without process apically; sacculus strongly sclerotized, stout, 2/5 length of valva. Juxta U-shaped, base an arched belt, with a pair of wide, stout, incurved lateral lobes, expanded and bearing sparse setae apically. Vinculum U-shaped, length almost equal to the widest posterior margin, slightly concave at middle of anterior margin. Phallus slightly shorter than valva, with membranous crimples internally; cornutus absent. Eighth tergite fan-shaped, 4/5 length than width, with a pair of spoon-like sclerites anteriorly; eighth sternite with a pair of triangular plates narrowly connected anteriorly. Culcita (sensu Amsel 1956) simple, one pair of fine scale tufts.
Female genitalia (Fig. 11). Anal papillae triangular, with a few setae, blunt apically. Eighth tergite slightly concave on posterior margin, trapezoidally convex on anterior margin; eighth sternite with membranous part inverse-funneled. Antrum twice as wide as length. Ductus bursae membranous, twice length of apophyses posteriores. Corpus bursae membranous, elongate, slightly shorter than ductus bursae, three times as long as wide; signum an elongate patch of microspines, placed at posterior 2/5. Ductus seminalis from junction of corpus bursae and ductus bursae.
Distribution. China (Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan). Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix bi-, meaning two, and the Latin pectinalis, meaning pectinate, referring to the bipectinate male flagellum.

Diagnosis.
This new species is similar to E. bipectinalis sp. n., but can be recognized by the male antenna is not bipectinate, the uncus is rather abruptly narrowed beyond its broad base, tapered apical projection of the gnathos is about half length of the uncus and the inverse-goblet transtilla in the male genitaia. In E. bipectinalis sp. n., the antenna is bipectinate, the uncus protrudes triangularly at basal 2/5, the apical projection of gnathos is about 3/5 length of the uncus and the transtilla is trefoiled in the male genitalia. There is little difference in the female genitalia except the corpus bursae is much broader and the signum is smaller than in E. bipectinalis sp. n.
Male genitalia (Fig. 9). Uncus bell-shaped, length longer than wide, abruptly narrowed beyond its broad base, rounded at apex. Apical projection of gnathos about half length of uncus, tapered, slightly bent and furcated at apex. Transtilla inverse-goblet shaped; deeply concaved in U shape on anterior margin, a rounded plate protruding on posterior margin. Valva three times as long as wide, evenly curved toward rounded apex, costal margin almost parallel with ventral margin, ventral margin concave at basal 1/3; costa strongly sclerotized, broad at base, narrowed and extending to near end of valva, without process apically; sacculus strongly sclerotized, stout, 2/5 length of valva. Juxta a broad, quadrate plate; lateral lobes ovate, 1.5 times as long as wide, bearing sparse setae in distal half. Vinculum trapezoid, widest posterior margin about 1.6 times of its length, straight on anterior margin. Phallus about 2/3 length of valva, smooth inside; cornutus absent. Eighth tergite cupped, with a pair of triangular sclerites anteriorly; eighth sternite with a pair of boot-like sclerites narrowly connected anteriorly. Culcita simple, one pair of fine scale tufts.
Female genitalia (Fig. 12). Anal papillae triangular, with a few setae, blunt apically. Eighth tergite slightly concave on posterior margin, convex W-shaped on anterior margin; eighth sternite with membranous part inverse-funneled. Antrum somewhat quadrate. Ductus bursae membranous, 1.5 times length of apophyses posteriores. Corpus bursae membranous, about same length as ductus bursae, twice as wide; signum a spindle-like patch of scobinations, at middle of corpus bursae. Ductus seminalis from junction of corpus bursae and ductus bursae.
Distribution. China (Gansu, Yunnan). Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix furv-, meaning black, and the Latin vena, vein, referring to the forewing with black scales along its veins in this species.

Discussion
The genus Ectomyelois is characterized by the wing venation, a signum with a patch of microspines and the inception of the ductus seminalis in the female genitalia. Two new species are assigned to this genus based on these characters. Ectomyelois bipectinalis sp. n. is unique for its bipectinate male flagellum, but the other characters, especially the genitalia, are in accord with the generic characters. Neunzig and Goodson (1992) described one new species, Ectomyelois austrella Neunzig & Goodson, 1992, from Argentina. However, the male genitalia has a basal protuberance on the valva not found in Ectomyelois species, and the female genitalia bears a narrowly and deeply invaginated signum on the corpus bursae also not found in Ectomyelois species. Although we retain this species in Ectomyelois, the characters indicate that austrella might not be suitably placed in this genus.