Simaonukia, a new genus of the leafhopper tribe Evacanthini (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Evacanthinae), with descriptions of a new species from China

Abstract Simaonukia, a new leafhopper genus of Evacanthini (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Evacanthinae), and a new species, Simaonukia longispinus sp. n. from Yunnan, China are described.


Introduction
Evacanthini is a relatively small leafhopper tribe of the subfamily Evacanthinae (Cicadellidae) with most species (more than 220 species) present in China (see Li and Wang 1996). While sorting and identifying the evacanthine leafhopper material in Institute of Entomology of Guizhou University, we found a new genus and species which we describe here. The type specimen is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
Description. Body medium-sized, usually black. Head (Figs 1, 4) in dorsal view narrower than pronotum; with five distinct carinae, a median carinae, two lateral carinae and two subocellar carinae converging to apex of vertex, area between median carina and submarginal carina with many fine longitudinal wrinkles; disc with a short transverse ridge basally, carinate. Front of head (Figs 1, 4) slightly conically produced; vertex about as long as or a little longer than pronotum and nearly two times longer and three times wider than eye. Ocelli (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5) placed just laterad of lateral carina, well in front of eye. Face (Fig. 3) including eyes shorter than wide; frontoclypeus (Figs 2, 3, 5) tumid, with median longitudinal carina strongly elevated; clypellus broad and swollen at base; lora nearly reaching middle of clypellus. Pronotum (Figs 1, 4) with sides strongly convergent cephalad. Scutellum ( Fig. 1) with transverse depression distinct. Hind femur (Fig. 11) with apical macrosetal formula 2+1+1. Forewing (Figs 1-3) with R 1a present; with four apical cells and two closed subapical cells; appendix very narrow.
Male genitalia. Pygofer without ventral process, triangular in lateral view, with some small setae on ventral side near apex. Subgenital plate ligulate with many macrosetae and long fine setae ventrally. Aedeagal shaft short with pair of lamellae dorsally near base and pair of lateral processes subbasally. Style short, foot-like apically. Connective similar in length to style, arms very short.
Distribution. China (Yunnan). Etymology. The genus name is formed from a combination of the collection locality and the similar evacanthine genus Onukia Matsumura.
Remarks. This genus can be distinguished by the moderately conically produced head with five distinct longitudinal carinae and dense striations and a transverse carinate ridge basally on disk. In the key to genera by Wang et al. (2015) the new genus runs to Onukia Ishihara but can be distinguished by: 1) Aedeagus (Figs 8-10, 13-15) with a pair of lateral processes subbasally; 2) Pygofer (Fig. 6) without processes. Vertex, pronotum and scutellum black (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5). Frontoclypeus black, anteclypeus light yellow (Figs 2, 3, 5). Forewing black, with nearly pale white and subtranslucent plaque in middle of costal area and around R 1a , area along R 1a red (Figs 1-3). Male pygofer (Fig. 6) without ventral process, with a hyaline lateral stripe near middle area. End of style foot-like (Figs 9, 11). Subgenital plate ligulate, blunt at base, with a uniseriate row of many macrosetae on ventral surface and many moderately long fine setae laterally (Fig. 7). Aedeagal shaft dorso-ventrally compressed, tapering to digitate apex, the latter with a dorsal flange-like acute process (Figs 9, 14); with a pair of very long lateral subbasal processes (A in Figs 8-10), directed posteriorly then sharply turned dorsally near midlength with apex sinuate, with short sub-basal process .
Etymology. The species name refers to the long lateral spine of the aedeagus.
Remarks. This species can be distinguished by the dorsum and upper part of face blackish brown and area along R 1a in the forewing red and in the male genitalia by the elongate lateral processes of the aedeagus bifurcate sub-basally.