Order Polyxenida Lucas, 1840 Family Lophoproctidae Silvestri, 1897Lophoproctus Pocock, 1894
1. Lophoproctus coecus Pocock, 1894
Records from literature. Nervi, suburb of Genova, Italy, on the open hill-side behind the town, beneath stones, alt. 400–500 ft. (Pocock 1894); Grotta di San Antonino, Finale Ligure, Italy, leg. Ascenso 1950 (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Grotta di San Antonio =Antonino, Finale Ligure, Italy, leg. Comotti Baldan 13 Aug 1986 (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Grotta di Arma do Rian, Finalborgo, Italy, leg. Franciscolo 16 Mar 1952 (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Zannone, Ponziane Islands, Italy, leg. Condé 28–29 Jan 1966, 26–27 Feb 1966, 17 Jan 1967 (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Grotta di Nettuno, Porto Conte, Alghero, Sardinia, Italy, near the pier, 4 Oct 1955, leg. Condé (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Isernia, Italy, leg. Verhoeff (Condé 1982), ? same specimen as listed below; Teramo, Italy, leg. Verhoeff (Condé 1982), ? same specimen as listed below; Villa Pamphyli, Rome, Italy, leg. Silvestri Nov 1893 (Silvestri 1894a, reclassified Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993).
Unpublished record. Nice (pers. comm. Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 2014).
Re-examined material collected in Italy by Verhoeff (date of collection known for only 2 specimens). ZSM/Myr-20031594, Tivoli, Lazio; ZSM/Myr 20031595, Isernia, Molis; ZSM/Myr-20031596,Teramo, Abruzzo; ZSM/Myr-20031597, Portofino, Genova, Liguria; ZSM/Myr-20031598, Portofino, Genova, Liguria, molt; ZSM/Myr-20031599, Italy, molt; ZSM/Myr-20031600, Elba, Livorno, Toscana; ZSM/Myr-0031601, Chiesetal, Vestone, Brescia, Lombardia; ZSM/Myr-20031602, Isernia, Molise; ZSM/Myr-20031603, Ferrania, Liguria, 01.07.1933; ZSM/Myr-20031604, Mele, Genova, Liguria; ZSM/Myr-20031605, Monte Cimino, Soriano, Viterbo, Lazio; ZSM/Myr-20031606, Porto Santo Stefano, Grosseto, Toscana; ZSM/Myr-20031607, Veneto, Vicenza; ZSM/Myr-20031608, Ferrania, Liguria; ZSM/Myr-20031609, Santuario, Savona, Liguria; ZSM/Myr-20031610, Frigido, Toscana, from under stones at a mill ruin, April 1907; ZSM/Myr-20031611, illegible labelling; ZSM/Myr-20031612 Capri (No 27), Napoli, Campania.
New material from Zoological Museum of Moscow. Nikita Botanical Garden, Cape Martyan, near Yalta, Crimea, 4 Nov 1947, leg. M.S. Ghilarov; Gurzuf, Yalta, Crimea, Jun–Sep 1947, leg. M.S. Ghilarov (2 vials); Utrish Nature Reserve, Krasnodar province, Russia, oak hornbeam forest, 15 Jun 2013, leg. I. Tuf; Utrish Nature Reserve, Krasnodar province, Russia, hornbeam forest, 14 Jun 2013, leg. I. Tuf; Goryachy Klyuch, Mtn ridge, Markotkh plateau, Krasnodar province, Russia, 3 Jul 1956, leg. M.S. Ghilarov; Dagomys, Sochi, Krasnodar province, Russia, Quercus shrub, Carpinus, Fagus etc., 18 May 1983, leg. S. Golovatch; on road 2 km N of Dagomys, Krasnodar province, Russia, 2 Jun 2014, leg. M. Potapov; Cave “Our Lady”, ca 8 km from Khosta Sochi, Krasnodar province, Russia, Buxus, Fagus, Acer etc., forest near entrance, litter and under stones, 16 May 1985, leg. S. Golovatch; Khosta, Sochi region, Krasnodar province, Russia, Sambucus, 26 Jun 1956, leg. M.S. Ghilarov; Ris Forest, Bobcai east, Gumista River, Abkhazia, Russia, litter, 5 Jun 1982, leg. J. Bohàc; environs of Keda, Adjaria, Georgia, Picea and deciduous forest, 1 Oct 1975, A. Druk; Nedzura River valley 8km SE of Akhaldaba, Borzhomi district, Georgia, Picea, Carpinus and Fagus forest, litter, logs, 12 May 1983, leg. S. Golovatch; Arslanbob, Fergana mountain range, environs of Yarodar, Kyrgyzstan, dry limestone slopes with grass, under stones, 28 Sep 1983, leg. K. Eskov; Sari, Mazanderan province, Iran, Quercus and Carpinus forest, 11 Apr 2013, leg. M. Mehrafrooz.
Distribution. South-East France, Italy, Russia, Georgia, Iran and Kyrgyzstan.
2. Lophoproctus lucidus (Chalande, 1888)
Records from literature. Palalda (now Amélie-les-Bains-Palalda), Pyrénées-Orientales, France, in soil under litter layer in oak woods, leg. Chalande (Chalande 1888); cave Gourgue,Canton Aspet, No. 229, Haute-Garonne, France, (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Baumo de las Fadas, Canton du Barjac, Dept du Gard, France, 26 Aug 1909, leg. Brölemann (Brölemann 1910); Albères, France, 1926, leg. Brolemann (Condé 1950); Banyuls sur Mer, France, leg. Brölemann (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Hyères, France leg, A Dollfus (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993); Ariège, France, leg. Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 2000); Souk el Arba, Jendouba district, Tunisia, 30 Mar 1896, leg. Silvestri (Silvestri 1896); La Pérouse (now known as Tamentfoust), Dar El Beïda district of Algiers, Algeria, in wave washed and dry plant material (Seurat 1930); Marrakech, Morocco, 10 Dec 1950, (Condé 1954); Marrakech, Morocco, Jardin de l’ Aguedal, near the Mechouar (Condé 1954); Marrakech, Morocco, Jardin de la Bahia (Condé 1954); Marrakech, Morocco, Parc de la Villa Majorelle, under flower pots and stones, 10 Dec 1950 (Condé 1954).
Unpublished records. El Ghazalaf Ariana, nr. Tunis, Tunisia, garden of private house in earth, beneath Cydonia tree (pers. comm. N. Akkari, 2014).
New material. La Parc Phoenix, Nice, France, in cold greenhouse, Jan 2014, leg. JM Lemaire.
Distribution. France, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco.
3. Lophoproctus jeanneli (Brölemann, 1010)
Re-examined material collected by Verhoeff (date not given). ZSM/Myr-20031615: Corsica, France.
Records from literature. Baume (grotto) du Colombier, Alpes-Maritimes, commune de Roquefort-les-Pins, canton de Bar-sur-Loup, France, 17 Sep 1905, 27 Sep 1908 (Brölemann 1910); Grotte de la Chèvre d’Or, canton de Bar-sur-le-Loup, France 25 Nov 1987, leg. V. Aellen, (Condé 1989); City park, Barcelona, Spain, Sep 1950 leg. Condé (Condé 1954); Lower Gravona River, left bank of western arm of river, opposite Canapajolo, Corsica, France (Condé 1953); Pointe de Porticcio, sur la côte S. du golfe d’Ajaccio, near houses, 1 km to south west of Fallaccioli, Corsica, France (Condé 1953); Togna, commune de Sari-di-Porto Vecchio, at the edge of a ravine and a garden well, Corsica, France, (Condé 1953); Cueva de la Moriguilla (Vilacarrilo), Andalucia, Spain (Golovatch and Mauries 2013); Esporlas near Palma, Majorca, Balaeric Islands, Spain, at irrigation canal overgrown with dry compact rootlets 17 Aug–23 Sept 1954, leg. J. Pagès (Condé 1955); near Bagno di Tiberio, beach, Capri, Italy, leg. Verhoeff (Condé 1969); Malta leg. Silvestri (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993, with reservation); near Dékouané, 7 Km to east of Beirut, Lebanon April 1952, leg. PJ. Corset, (Condé 1954, Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993 with reservation); Tel Dan, Israel, 26 Dec 1963, leg. G. Levy (Condé and Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1970).
Distribution. France (mainland and Corsica), Spain (mainland and Majorca), Italy (Capri), Malta, Lebanon, Israel.
4. Lophoproctus lucidus/coecus?
Specimens identified as L. lucidus but likely to be L. coecus as Silvestri and Verhoeff thought the two species were synonymous.
Records from literature. Bevagna, Umbria, Italy, in meadow and forest, late October 1893, leg. Silvestri (Silvestri 1894a); Woods at Madama and Acquacetosa, near Rome, Italy, on ground in plant debris, in forest and open places, leg. Silvestri, November 1893 (Silvestri 1894a); at Colle Pezzo, Mt. Martano, Umbria, Italy 15 Oct 1893, leg. Silvestri (Silvestri 1894a); Medol Casello, Lombardy, Italy, on floor of cave 1935 –1940, leg. various unnamed (Manfredi 1940): Sicily, Italy, leg. Silvestri (Silvestri 1898); Mt. Schignano, Italy, in soil among plant debris, not only in forests, but also in open places, 15 Oct 1893, leg. Silvestri (Silvestri 1894a); Syracuse, Sicily, Italy, 1962–1968, leg. Institute of Zoology of Catania (Strasser 1970); Ciminà, Aspromonte, Calabria, Italy 25 Oct 1966, leg. G. Osella (Strasser 1970); St Remo, Italy under stones in an olive terrace 7–21 April 1907, leg. Verhoeff (Verhoeff 1921); Pegli, Italy in creek valley 7–21 April 1907, leg. Verhoeff (Verhoeff 1921); Massa, Carrara, Italy, in sandstone gorge 7–21 April 1907, leg. Verhoeff (Verhoeff 1921); St. Margherita, Italy, in chestnut wood 7–21 April 1907, leg. Verhoeff (Verhoeff 1921).
5. Lophoproctus sp. indet., reported as Lophoproctus lucidus
Records from literature never formally identified (pers. comm. Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin, 2014): Pădurea Comorova, Romania (Tabacaru 1966); Mangalia, Romania, 20 Nov 1963 (Tabacaru 1966); Pădurea Hagieni, Romania, 17 May 1963, (Tabacaru 1966); Canaraua de pe Graniţă - comuna Băneasa, Romania 2 Aug 1962, leg. Dumitrescu et al. (Tabacaru 1966); Cave Gura Dobrogii litoclazic, Romania 17 Jun 1963 leg. Dumitrescu et al. (Tabacaru 1966); Cave Gura Dobrogii, Romania, at entrance 17 Sep 1963 leg. Dumitrescu et al. (Tabacaru 1966); Casian, Romania 27 Jul 1962, 7 May 1963, 30 Aug 1964 leg. Dumitrescu et al. (Tabacaru 1966).
Further record from literature, identification uncertain. Marine de Sisco, Corsica, France, 3 Sept 1942, leg. P. Remy (Verhoeff 1943).
6. Lophoproctus sp. indet.
Record from literature. Kalimantsi, South Pirin Mountains,Bulgaria, in ant nests 1 Mar 2003, leg. Lapeva-Gjonova (Stoev and Lapeva-Gjonova 2006)
7. Lophoproctus pagesi (Condé, 1982)
Records from literature. Cueva de Genova near to Palma, Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain (Condé 1982); Cueva de Bellver, Palma, Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain, unpublished, Condé det. (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 1993);
Lophoproctus cf. pagesi : “Gruta do Fumo”, Parque Natural da Arrábida, Portugal (Cardoso et al. 2008, Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin 2014).
Distribution. Caves on Majorca (L. cf. pagesi – cave in Portugal).