In situ photos of the new Peinaleopolynoe spp. A–E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. observed in the Pescadero Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico: C, E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. fighting behavior observed; the everted pharynx is used to bite off pieces of the opponent’s elytra F Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A8488 observed and collected next to a whale bone in the Monterey Canyon, California G Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A9699 observed and collected on a pig bone deployment from Jaco Scar, Costa Rica H Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A5485 observed and collected on a whalefall in the Monterey Canyon, California.