Description of six new species of Lycocerus Gorham (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with taxonomic note and new distribution data of some other species

Abstract Six new species of Lycocerus Gorham are described, Lycocerus gracilicornis sp. n. (China: Sichuan), Lycocerus longihirtus sp. n. (China: Yunnan), Lycocerus sichuanus sp. n. (China: Sichuan), Lycocerus hubeiensis sp. n. (China: Hubei), Lycocerus napolovi sp. n. (Vietnam: Sa Pa) and Lycocerus quadrilineatus sp. n. (Vietnam: Sa Pa), and provided with illustrations of habitus, antennae and aedeagi of male or and antennae, abdominal sternites VIII and genitalia of female. Lycocerus rubroniger Švihla, 2011 is synonymized with Lycocerus obscurus Pic, 1916. Lycocerus hickeri Pic, 1934 and Lycocerus obscurus are provided with illustrations of abdominal sternites VIII of female. Nine species are recorded from China for the first time, Lycocerus bicoloripennis (Pic, 1924), Lycocerus caliginostus Gorham, 1889, Lycocerus jendeki Švihla, 2005, Lycocerus malaisei (Wittmer, 1995), Lycocerus obscurus, Lycocerus olivaceus (Wittmer, 1995), Lycocerus purpureus Kazantsev, 2007, Lycocerus ruficornis (Wittmer, 1995) and Lycocerus semiextensus (Wittmer, 1995), and Lycocerus ruficornis is also recorded for Myanmar for the first time.

Introduction they are handwritten. Quotation marks are used to separate data from different labels and a backslash "\" to separate data from different lines of the same label.
Body length was measured from the anterior margin of the clypeus to the elytral apex and body width across the humeral part of elytra. Morphological terminology of female genitalia follows that of Brancucci (1980). The abbreviations in the figures are as follows, ag: accessory gland; co: coxite; di: diverticulum; tg9: abdominal tergite IX; sd: spermathecal duct; sp: spermatheca; ov: median oviduct; va: vagina.

Taxonomy
Lycocerus hickeri species-group Diagnosis. Antennae (Fig. 7) nearly filiform, or middle antennomeres slightly widened apically, nearly long-triangular , present with narrow longitudinal to round smooth impressions along outer margins of antennomeres IV-XI in male. Pronotum subquadrate, with lateral margins slightly to moderately diverging posteriorly. Elytra elongate, red, more or less darkened at elytral interstices, present with more or less developed elytral venation and costate, surface rugulose-lacunose, densely and coarsely punctate, matt, combined with sparse, short, decumbent reddish-brown pubescence and much longer, semierect reddish-brown pubescence and erect black pubescence. Tarsal claws variable, either simple in both sexes, or pro-and meso-outer claws with basal projections in both sexes or in female while simple in male, or pro-and meso-inner and outer claws with basal projections in female while simple in male. Female genitalia : vagina stout and extended apically as a thick duct; diverticulum and spermathecal duct arising from the end of the duct of vagina; diverticulum moderately long, thin and spiral; spermathecal duct much thicker than diverticulum; spermatheca as thick as spermathecal duct at basal portion, abruptly narrowed apically, thin and spiral at apical portion, much longer than diverticulum, provided with moderately long and thin accessory gland.
Remarks. This species group could be distinguished from other species of Lycocerus by the characteristic sculpture and pubescence of elytra. The female genitalia of the species are very similar, but each could be differentiated by the structure of aedeagus, abdominal sternite VIII of female, antennae, pronotum and tarsal claws of both sexes. Remarks. This species was described on the basis of female types, and its locality is not accurate within China. Here the abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 34) of the female is illustrated for the first time: it is largely and roundly emarginated in middle and both sides of posterior margin, the portion between middle and lateral emarginations acute-angled at apex. Distribution. China (Sichuan). Description. Male (Fig. 1). Body black, mandibles dark brown, pronotum red, with a large black marking in center of disc, elytra red, distinctly darkened almost along the whole length of the second elytral interstices, slightly darkened at the first elytral interstices.

Key to the species of Lycocerus hickeri species-group
Head evenly narrowed behind eyes, surface densely and finely punctate, semilustrous, covered with dense, fine, yellowish brown decumbent pubescence; eyes moderately protruding, head width across eyes moderately wider than anterior margin of pronotum; terminal maxillary palpomeres long-triangular, arcuate and sharp at apical one-third length of inner margins; antennae ( Fig. 7) filiform, extending to apical one-third length of elytra, antennomeres II slightly longer than wide at apices, III-XI nearly parallel-sided, III about 2.5 times as long as wide, IV about one-third longer than III, XI slightly longer than X and pointed at apices, IV-XI each with a small round smooth impression at apical part of outer margin.
Pronotum nearly as long as wide, widest near posterior margin, anterior margin arcuate, anterior angles rounded, lateral margins slightly diverging posteriorly, posterior angles rectangular, posterior margin slightly arcuate and narrowly bordered, disc moderately convex at posterolateral parts, surface punctate and pubescent like that of head, semilustrous. Elytra about 5.5 times longer than pronotum, 4.0 times as long as humeral width, which about one-third wider than posterior margin of pronotum, lateral margins nearly parallel, elytral venation slightly developed, not costate.
All tarsal claws simple. Abdominal sternite IX long-triangular. Aedeagus (Figs 16-18): ventral process of each paramere normal and rounded at apex, distinctly narrowed at base and slightly bent dorsally in lateral view; dorsal plate slightly shorter than ventral process, abruptly narrowed at inner apical portion, with inner angle rounded, outer angle obtuse-angled, inner margin sinuate, apical margin rounded; laterophyse with apex pointed laterodorsally to outer angle of dorsal plate.
Diagnosis. This species is similar to L. hickeri Pic, but the antennae filiform, with antennomeres III-XI nearly parallel-sided; elytral venation less developed and the second elytral interstices darkened. Distribution. China (Yunnan). Description. Male (Fig. 2). Body black, mandibles dark brown, pronotum red, with a large black marking in center of disc, elytra red, black almost along the whole length of the first and second elytral interstices, more or less darkened at the third and fourth elytral interstices.

Lycocerus longihirtus
Head evenly narrowed behind eyes, surface densely and finely punctate, semilustrous, covered with dense, fine, yellowish brown decumbent pubescence; eyes moderately protruding, head width across eyes moderately wider than anterior margin of pronotum; terminal maxillary palpomeres long-triangular, arcuate and sharp at apical one-third length of inner margins; antennae ( Fig. 8) extending to apical one-third length of elytra, antennomeres II nearly as long as wide at apices, III-XI flattened, III-VIII obliquely widened apically, nearly long-triangular, III about twice as long as wide at apices, IV slightly longer than III, IX-XI nearly parallel-sided, XI slightly longer than X and pointed at apices, IV-XI each with an oval to round smooth impression at apical part of outer margin.
Pronotum nearly as long as wide, widest near posterior margin, anterior margin arcuate, anterior angles rounded, lateral margins slightly diverging posteriorly, posterior angles rectangular, posterior margin slightly arcuate and narrowly bordered, disc moderately convex at posterolateral parts, surface punctate and pubescent like that of head, semilustrous.
Elytra about 5.8 times longer than pronotum, 4.0 times longer than humeral width, which about one-third wider than posterior margin of pronotum, lateral margins nearly parallel, elytral venations moderately developed, slightly costate.
Pro-and meso-outer tarsal claws each with a basal projection.
Abdominal sternite IX long-triangular. Aedeagus (Figs 19-21): ventral process of each paramere normal and rounded at apex, distinctly narrowed at base and slightly bent dorsally in lateral view; dorsal plate distinctly shorter than ventral process, evenly narrowed apically, with inner angle widely rounded, outer angle obtuse-angled, inner margin nearly arcuate, apical margin rounded, around with long pubescence; laterophyse with apex pointed laterodorsally to outer angle of dorsal plate.
Diagnosis. This species is similar to L. gracilicornis sp. n., but the antennomeres III-VIII widened apically, nearly long-triangular; elytral venation moderately developed, slightly costate; aedeagus: dorsal plate of each paramere evenly narrowed apically, inner margin arcuate, apical margin around with long pubescence. Distribution. China (Sichuan). Description. Male (Fig. 3). Body black, mandibles dark brown, pronotum red, with a large dark brown marking, which almost extending to all margins of disc, elytra red, nearly black at the whole length of the first and second elytral interstices, more or less darkened at the third and fourth elytral interstices.
Head evenly narrowed behind eyes, surface densely and finely punctate, semilustrous, covered with dense, fine, yellowish brown decumbent pubescence; eyes strongly protruding, head width across eyes distinctly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; terminal maxillary palpomere long-triangular, nearly truncate and sharp at apical onethird length of inner margin; antennae (Fig. 10) extending to apical one-third length of elytra, antennomeres II nearly as long as wide at apices, III-XI flattened, III-VIII obliquely widened apically, nearly long-triangular, III about twice as long as wide at apices, IV slightly longer than III, IX-XI nearly parallel-sided, XI slightly longer than X and pointed at apices, IV-XI each with an oval to round smooth impression at apical part of outer margin.
Pronotum distinctly longer than wide, widest near posterior margin, anterior margin rounded, anterior angles rounded, lateral margins moderately diverging posteriorly, slightly sinuate at anterior portion, posterior angles rectangular, posterior margin slightly arcuate and narrowly bordered, disc moderately convex at posterolateral parts, surface punctate and pubescent like that of head, semilustrous.
Elytra about 4.7 times longer than pronotum, 3.7 times longer than humeral width, which about one-third wider than posterior margin of pronotum, lateral margins nearly parallel, elytral venations moderately developed, slightly costate.
Pro-and meso-outer tarsal claws each with a basal projection.
Abdominal sternite IX long-triangular. Aedeagus : ventral process of each paramere normal and rounded at apex, even and nearly straight in lateral view; dorsal plate slightly shorter than ventral process, evenly narrowed at inner apical portion and slightly widened at inner angle, with inner angle acute-angled, outer angle obtuse-angled, inner margin bisinuate, apical margin rounded; laterophyse with apex pointed laterodorsally to outer angle of dorsal plate.
Female. Similar to the male, but eyes less protruding; antennae ( Fig. 9) shorter, extending to basal one-third length of elytra, antennomeres III about twice as long as wide at apices, IV-XI without impressions; pronotum nearly as long as wide, disc slightly convex on posterolateral parts; elytra with lateral margins slightly diverging posteriorly; abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 35) roundly emarginated in middle and triangularly emarginated on both sides of posterior margin, the portion between middle and lateral emarginations obtuse-angled at apex; internal reproductive organ of genitalia see Fig. 39.
Diagnosis. This species is similar to L. hubeiensis sp. n., but differs from the latter by the antennae of female much narrower, antennomeres III about twice as long as wide at apices; aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere even and nearly straight in lateral view; abdominal sternite VIII of female with the portion between middle and lateral emarginations of posterior margin obtuse-angled at apex. Distribution. China (Hubei). Description. Male (Fig. 4). Body black, mandibles dark brown, pronotum red, with a large dark brown marking, which almost extending to all margins of disc, elytra red, nearly black at the whole length of the first and second elytral interstices, more or less darkened at the third and fourth elytral interstices.

Lycocerus hubeiensis
Head evenly narrowed behind eyes, surface densely and finely punctate, semilustrous, covered with dense, fine, yellowish brown decumbent pubescence; eyes strongly protruding, head width across eyes distinctly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; terminal maxillary palpomere long-triangular, nearly truncate and sharp at apical onethird length of inner margin; antennae (Fig. 12) extending to apical one-third length of elytra, antennomeres II nearly as long as wide at apices, III-XI flattened, III-IX obliquely widened apically, nearly long-triangular, III about twice as long as wide at apices, IV slightly longer than III, X-XI nearly parallel-sided, XI slightly longer than X and pointed at apices, IV-XI each with an oval to round smooth impression at apical part of outer margin.
Pronotum distinctly longer than wide, widest near posterior margin, anterior margin rounded, anterior angles rounded, lateral margins moderately diverging posteriorly, slightly sinuate at anterior portion, posterior angles rectangular, posterior margin slightly arcuate and narrowly bordered, disc moderately convex at posterolateral parts, surface punctate and pubescent like that of head, semilustrous. Elytra about 5.3 times longer than pronotum, 3.7 times longer than humeral width, which about one-third wider than posterior margin of pronotum, lateral margins nearly parallel, elytral venations moderately developed, slightly costate.
Pro-and meso-outer tarsal claws each with a basal projection. Abdominal sternite IX long-triangular. Aedeagus (Figs 25-27): ventral process of each paramere normal and rounded at apex, distinctly narrowed at base and slightly bent dorsally in lateral view; dorsal plate distinctly shorter than ventral process, evenly narrowed at inner apical portion and slightly widened at inner angle, with inner angle acute-angled, outer angle obtuse-angled, inner margin bisinuate, apical margin rounded; laterophyse with apex pointed laterodorsally to outer angle of dorsal plate.
Female. Similar to male, but eyes less protruding; antennae (Fig. 11) shorter, extending to elytral midlength, antennomeres III-XI distinctly widened, III about 1.6 times longer than wide at apices, IV-XI without impressions; pronotum nearly as long as wide, disc slightly convex on posterolateral parts; elytra with lateral margins slightly diverging posteriorly; abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 36) largely and roundly emarginated in middle and both sides of posterior margin, the portion between middle and lateral emarginations rounded at apex; internal reproductive organ of genitalia see Fig. 40.
Etymology. This specific name is derived from its locality, Hubei Province, China. Diagnosis. This species is similar to L. sichuanus sp. n. in the aedeagus, but differs from the latter by the antennae of female much wider, antennomeres III about 1.6 times longer than wide at apices; aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere narrowed at base and slightly bent dorsally in lateral view; abdominal sternite VIII of female with the portion between middle and lateral emarginations of posterior margin rounded at apex. Distribution. Vietnam (Sa Pa). Description. Male (Fig. 5). Body black, mandibles dark brown, pronotum red, with a large black marking in center of disc, elytra red, nearly black at the whole length of the first and second elytral interstices.

Lycocerus napolovi
Head evenly narrowed behind eyes, surface densely and finely punctate, semilustrous, covered with dense, fine, yellowish brown decumbent pubescence; eyes strongly protruding, head width across eyes distinctly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; terminal maxillary palpomere long-triangular, nearly truncate and sharp at apical onethird length of inner margin; antennae (Fig. 13) almost extending to apical one-fourth length of elytra, antennomeres II nearly as long as wide at apices, III-XI flattened, III-IX obliquely widened apically, nearly long-triangular, III about twice as long as wide at apices, IV slightly longer than III, X-XI nearly parallel-sided, XI slightly longer than X and pointed at apices, IV-XI each with a short narrow longitudinal smooth impression at apical part of outer margin.
Pronotum distinctly longer than wide, widest near posterior margin, anterior margin rounded, anterior angles rounded, lateral margins moderately diverging posteriorly, slightly sinuate at anterior portion, posterior angles rectangular, posterior margin slightly arcuate and narrowly bordered, disc moderately convex at posterolateral parts, surface punctate and pubescent like that of head, semilustrous.
Elytra about 5.3 times longer than pronotum, 4.0 times longer than humeral width, which about one-third wider than posterior margin of pronotum, lateral margins nearly parallel, elytral venations moderately developed, slightly costate.
All tarsal claws simple. Abdominal sternite IX long-triangular. Aedeagus (Figs 28-30): ventral process of each paramere flattened, twist in middle and tapered at apex in ventral view, slightly narrowed at base and distinctly bent dorsally in lateral view; dorsal plate slightly shorter than ventral process, abruptly narrowed at inner apical portion, with a longitudinal ridge in middle of basal portion, membranous between inner margin and the ridge, inner angle rectangular, outer angle acute-angled and bent ventrally, inner margin distinctly protuberant in middle, apical margin nearly straight, around with long pubescence; laterophyse with apex pointed laterally to outer apical angle of dorsal plate.
Female. Unknown. Body length (male): 9.0 mm; width: 1.5 mm. Etymology. Patronymic, dedicated to its collector, Alexander Napolov (Riga, Latvia). Diagnosis. This species could be easily distinguished from others by its aedeagus: ventral process of each paramere slightly flattened and twist in middle in ventral view, distinctly bent dorsally in lateral view, dorsal plate with a longitudinal ridge in middle of basal portion, membranous between inner margin and the ridge.
Remarks. The left mesoleg and right metatarsomeres II-V of the holotype are missing.  1600". Distribution. Vietnam (Sa Pa). Description. Male (Fig. 6). Body black, mandibles dark brown, pronotum red, with a large dark brown marking, which almost extending to all margins of disc, elytra red, nearly black at the whole length of all elytral interstices.
Head evenly narrowed behind eyes, surface densely and finely punctate, semilustrous, covered with dense, fine, yellowish brown decumbent pubescence; eyes strongly protruding, head width across eyes distinctly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; terminal maxillary palpomere long-triangular, nearly truncate and sharp at apical onethird length of inner margin; antennae (Fig. 15) extending to apical one-fourth length of elytra, antennomeres II nearly as long as wide at apices, III-XI flattened, III-IX obliquely widened apically, nearly long-triangular, III about twice as long as wide at apices, IV slightly longer than III, X-XI nearly parallel-sided, XI slightly longer than X and pointed at apices, IV-XI each with a round smooth impression at apical part of outer margin.
Pronotum slightly longer than wide, widest near posterior margin, anterior margin rounded, anterior angles rounded, lateral margins moderately diverging posteriorly, slightly sinuate at anterior portion, posterior angles rectangular, posterior margin slightly arcuate and narrowly bordered, disc moderately convex at posterolateral parts, surface punctate and pubescent like that of head, matt.
Elytra about 4.3 times longer than pronotum, 3.5 times longer than humeral width, which about one-third wider than posterior margin of pronotum, lateral margins nearly parallel, elytral venations well-developed, moderately costate.
All tarsal claws simple. Abdominal sternite IX long-triangular. Aedeagus (Figs 31-33): ventral process of each paramere normal and rounded at apex, even and nearly straight in lateral view; dorsal plate slightly shorter than ventral process, not narrowed apically, with inner angle rounded, outer angle obtuse-angled, inner margin nearly straight, apical margin rounded; laterophyse with apex pointed laterodorsally to outer angle of dorsal plate.
Female. Similar to the male, but eyes less protruding; antennae (Fig. 14) shorter, extending to basal one-third length of elytra, antennomeres III about 1.1 times longer than wide at apices, IV-XI without impressions; pronotum nearly as long as wide, disc slightly convex on posterolateral parts; elytra with lateral margins slightly diverging posteriorly; pro-and meso-outer and inner tarsal claws each with a basal projection; abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 37) very slightly emarginated in middle and largely emarginated on both sides of posterior margin, the portion between middle and lateral Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin quadrus (four) and linea (stripe), referring to its elytra darkened at all of the four elytral interstices.
Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from other species by the elytra darkened at all elytral interstices, elytral venation well-developed; all claws simple in male, pro-and meso-outer and inner tarsal claws each with a basal projection in female; aedeagus: dorsal plate of each paramere not narrowed apically.