Corresponding author: Michel Sartori (
Academic editor: E. Dominguez
Three species belonging to the genus
Sartori M (2014) The species of
The genus
The concept of the genus
When revising Ulmer's collection in the Zoologisches Museum in Hamburg,
Within the ongoing revision of Ulmer's collection (
Original material studied here is deposited in the following institutions:
Zoologisches Museum und Biozentrum Grindel, Hamburg, Germany
Musée cantonal de zoologie, Lausanne, Switzerland
Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (Indonesian Institute of Sciences), Museum of Zoology, Bogor, Indonesia.
In the absence of adequate life stages to link nymph and adults as previously proposed by
Ontogenetic stage association relies thus on the following assumptions; three nymphal forms present together with three different egg morphologies, one species found only on Java, one on Java and Sumatra and the latter only on Sumatra.
Drawings were made with the help of a camera lucida taken from stereomicroscope Leica DM 750 and pictures from microscope Zeiss Axioscop 2 or Visionary Digital Passport II. Final digital drawings were performed on Adobe Illustrator CS6. For scanning electronic microscope (SEM) pictures, the eggs were dehydrated, carbon coated, and observed under a LEO 1525 at 5.00 kV; maxillae were dehydrated, critical point dried, and then platinum coated, and observed under a FEI Quanta 250 at 5.00 kV. Final plates were assembled in Adobe Photoshop CS6.
Medium to large
Head broad and thickened anteriorly (
Thorax with pronotum slightly to greatly enlarged laterally; supracoxal spurs acute and well developed especially on mid- and hindlegs; femora rather similar between the three pairs of legs, row of stout and pointed bristles on inner and outer margins, no thin setae present; outer margin of fore tibia with few thin setae on proximal fourth, mid tibia with a row of thin setae on outer margin almost to tarsi, hind tibia (
Abdomen with posterolateral projection generally greatly enlarged from segment III to VII or VIII (
The scattered setae on the ventral surface of the maxilla indicate clearly that
The species described by
The genus
2 nymphs, Java, Diengplateau, stream Seraju (D13), ca 1950 m a.s.l., 5.VI.1929, Prof. Thienemann leg. [ZMH]; 1 nymph entirely mounted on microscopic slide, Java, Gedeh Panggerango, Tjisarua, 1050 m, 10.VIII.1930, Dr. Lieftinck leg [ZMH]; 1nymph, Java, Java Barat Province, rocky stream at Cibodas (CL 2186), 1300 m, 3.XI.1985, J.T. & D.A. Polhemus leg [MZL]; 1 nymph, Bali, Baturiti, Desa Antapan, 815 m,
Eggs extracted from a female imago (caught together with a male imago) and identified by Ulmer as
Body size: up to at least 14.5 mm (not full grown nymph).
Coloration pattern: see
Size: ca 120 µm × 75 µm; chorion regularly covered by small KCT'S, (1.0–1.5 µm), a little bit larger at poles (
Egg structure of
The abdominal pattern of the nymph is the one which is the closest to the one of the male imago redescribed by
The species may be easily recognized from its relatives mainly by the weak posterolateral expansions of the abdomen, and the absence of bristles on the outer margin of the hind tibiae.
4 nymphs, two partially mounted on two microscopic slides, Sumatra, Singkarak, stream at Subanpass (F20), 1000 m, 4.III.1929, Prof. Thienemann leg [ZMH]; 1 nymph, Sumatra, Tjurup, Kali Dzernih, forested stream (M9), 7.V.1929, Prof. Thienemann leg [ZMH]; 1 nymph, Sumatra, Ranau, stream in primary forest (R25c), 29.I.1929, Prof. Thienemann leg [ZMH]; 2 nymphs, one partially mounted on a microscopic slide, Java, Gurung Ungaran, XII. 1909, Jacobson leg [ZMH]; 1 nymph, Java, Kali Tjiwalen near Tjibodas, 1350 m, in mosses and dead leaves (FY7f), 10.VII.1929, Prof. Feuerborn leg [ZMH]; 1 nymph, West Java, stream in Tjibodas, under the “mountain garden” (FY14c), 15.VII.1929, Prof. Feuerborn leg [ZMH]. [All specimens
10 nymphs, Java Tengah, Wonosobo-Kertek village road, creek, 800 m,
Eggs extracted from a female imago: Java, Buitenzorg, 13.II.1932, Dr Lieftinck leg [ZMH], and from a female subimago: Western Sumatra, Danau di Atas, stream near the road, 1000–1100 m (FF20e), 16.III.1929, Prof. Feuerborn leg [ZMH] and identified by Ulmer as
One specimen from Sumatra (SU5) and one from Java (JVA011) have been used for the study by
Voucher # | CO1 | 16S | 28S | H3 | wg | EF-1α |
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340 SuTh |
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346JaTh |
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Body size: up to at least 10.5 mm (not full grown nymph).
Coloration pattern: see
Mouthparts structure of
SEM
Mouthpart
Posterior margin of abdominal tergite IV.
Gills of
Size: ca 130–140 µm × 85–90 µm; chorion regularly covered by small KCT'S, (1.5–2.0 µm), a little bit larger at poles (
The nymph mentioned here includes what
The eggs of
Besides the type material mentioned in
1 nymph, Sumatra, Singkarak, stream at Subanpass (F19), 1000 m, 4.III.1929, Prof. Thienemann leg [ZMH]; 3 nymph, one partially mouted on microscopic slide, Sumatra, Toba area, stream south of Balige (FT13), 8.IV.1929, Prof. Feuerborn leg [ZMH]; 2 nymphs, Sumatra, Toba area, Balige, stream at ca 1100 m (T13), 5.IV.1929, Prof. Feuerborn leg [ZMH] [All specimens
1 nymph, Sumatra Utara Province, swift stream 20 km East of Parlilitan (CL 2192), 1070 m, 10.XI.1985, J.T. & D.A. Polhemus leg [MZL]; 2 nymphs, Sumatra Barat, Tarusan, upstream Tarusan, 10 m,
Eggs extracted from the mature female nymph mentioned above from Polhemus collected specimens.
Three specimens (SU3, SU4, SU5) have been used for the study by
Voucher # | CO1 | 16S | 28S | H3 | wg | EF-1α |
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319 SuTh |
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317SuTh |
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339SuTh |
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Body size: up to 21 mm (full grown female nymph).
Coloration pattern: see
Size: ca 140–150 µm × 85–90 µm; chorion regularly covered by pedunculate KCT'S, (1.0–1.5 µm), a little bit larger at poles (
A major surprise was to find nymphs of
Eggs of
1 | Posterolateral expansions on the abdomen greatly enlarged ( |
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– | Posterolateral expansions of the abdomen more or less developed, those of segment VIII always shorter than those of segment VII ( |
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2 | Hind tibia with only two rows of thin setae ( |
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– | Hind tibia with two rows of thin setae and a submarginal row of arrow-shape bristles ( |
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The ZMH collections housed few male imagos of
I am indebted to the staff of the Zoologisches Museum Universität Hamburg (ZMH) for allowing me to study Ulmer's, collection, especially to Kai Schütte and Hossein Rajaei. My appreciation goes to Michael Balke (Munich) and Jean-Marc Elouard (Montpellier) for putting their collections at my disposal, and to Jeff Webb (Missoula, USA) for useful comments. Technical assistance with SEM pictures by Geneviève L’Eplattenier and Raphael Grand (MZL) and Renate Walter (ZMH) was essential and they are warmly thanked for their help.