Corresponding author: Jan Klimaszewski (
Academic editor: V. Assing
Four species of
Klimaszewski J, Webster RP, Langor DW, Bourdon C, Hammond HEJ, Pohl GR, Godin B (2014) Review of Canadian species of the genera
Over 140 adults of the genus
Morphological terminology mainly follows that used by
The morphology of antennae and mandibles, body proportions, density of punctures on the forebody, and the shape of the median lobe of the aedeagus and the spermatheca provide the best characteristics for species identification in
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Atlantic Cool Climate Crop Research Centre, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA.
Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Environment Canada, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada.
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, R. Martineau Insectarium, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Memorial University Collection, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada [on long-term loan to David Langor at NoFC].
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Nova Scotia Provincial Museum, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Reginald Webster Private Collection, Charters Settlement, New Brunswick, Canada.
United States National Museum, Washington, D.C., USA.
Zoological Museum of Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
1 | Mandibles extremely long and narrow, distinctly longer than width of labrum, and sickle-shaped with apices long and very slender, crossing each other in resting position, right mandible bearing a spine and the left a small tooth ( |
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– | Mandibles moderately long and broad, each as long as the width of labrum or only insignificantly longer ( |
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2 | All pronotal setae distributed along midline of pronotum directed posteriad; fronto -clypeal phragma present and visible externally as frontal suture between antennal pits (seen better in diffused light); spermatheca S-shaped with spherical capsule bearing deep and broad invagination and sinuate moderately broad stem ( |
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– | Pronotal setae along midline of pronotum directed anteriad in about apical third of midline and posteriad elsewhere; frontal suture absent; spermathecal capsule spherical or tubular and narrowly extended forming L-shaped neck, connected to thin and elongate stem ( |
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Body dark brown to black, compact and robust, subparallel (
New provincial and territorial records are indicated in boldface font.
1 | Labrum with coarse spines ( |
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– | Labrum with fine setae ( |
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2(1) | Antennal articles 5–10 subquadrate ( |
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– | Antennal articles 5–10 slightly transverse ( |
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3(2) | Head slightly narrower and smaller than pronotum in dorsal view ( |
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– | Head about as wide and large as pronotum in dorsal view ( |
Body length 3.5–4.0 mm, sides subparallel; body colour light brown to dark brown, antennae and tarsi rust-brown, head and abdomen often dark brown; integumental microsculpture dense and surface moderately glossy; head round and almost as wide as pronotum with labrum bearing long spines; pronotum transverse, angular, wider than maximum width of elytra; elytra at suture subequal in length to pronotum; abdomen subparallel; antennal articles 6-10 moderately-to-strongly transverse, last article short and broadly oval (
The Canadian distribution of this native Nearctic species includes Alberta [new provincial record], British Columbia (
Adults were captured in clear-cut Sitka spruce forest on Vancouver Island and in moss and gravel at the edge of small pools at other localities in the interior of British Columbia (
CANADA:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
Body length 2.5–3.7 mm, sides subparallel; body colour light brown to almost black, with antennae, tarsi and often elytra and apical part of abdomen rust-brown; integumental microsculpture dense and surface strongly glossy; head round (
This native Nearctic species was described from specimens captured in Glacier, British Columbia, later recorder from Yokon, and is herein recorded for the first time from Alberta and New Brunswick (four female specimens tentatively identified as this species) (
Adults were captured in a clear-cut Sitka spruce forest on Vancouver Island and in moss and gravel at the edge of small pools in British Columbia (
CANADA:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
We have tentatively included the females from New Brunswick as belonging to this species. The difference in body colour, the slightly different shape of pronotum and the temples of the head in the New Brunswick and western specimens we attribute to infraspecific variations because the shape of spermatheca and the tergites and sternite VIII are similar in females of both populations. The study of males from New Brunswick is critical to confirm our identification. The specimens from the north usually are darker than the specimens from more southern localities in many species of aleocharines.
Body length 2.8–3.6 mm, sides narrowly subparallel; body colour dark brown to almost black, with antennae bright yellow and tarsi rust-brown to yellowish; integumental microsculpture dense and surface strongly glossy; head round, about the same size as the pronotum, labrum lacking stout spines but with fine setae of unequal length; pronotum small, transverse, angular, slightly narrower than elytra; elytra at suture subequal in length to pronotum; abdomen subparallel; antennal articles 6–10 subquadrate to slightly transverse, last article short and broadly oval (
This native Nearctic species is known in Canada from the Northwest Territories and Yukon Territory (
Adults were captured from June to July in tundra by sifting organic litter under
CANADA:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
Body length 3.0–3.4 mm, sides subparallel; body colour dark brown, with tarsi lighter and antennae brown and often with reddish tinge; head round and almost as wide as pronotum or at most as wide as pronotum, equal in size to pronotum; pronotum transverse, angular, about as wide as maximum width of elytra; abdomen subparallel, at base as wide as elytra, widest in apical half; antennal articles 5–10 quadrate to slightly transverse (
This native Nearctic species is known only from Labrador (
This epigaeic species was collected from June to October using pitfall and flight intercept traps in black spruce-lichen, spruce-moss and old fir forests.
CANADA:
Body dark brown to black, compact, sides subparallel or body narrowly oval in outline (
New provincial and territorial records are indicated in boldface font.
1 | Antennal articles 7–10 strongly transverse and at least twice as wide as long, terminal article short and conical, no more than twice length of penultimate one ( |
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– | Antennal articles 7–10 subquadrate or moderately transverse, terminal article at least twice as long as penultimate one ( |
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2(1) | Body narrowly subparallel, with pronotum basally, elytra, and 2/3 of abdomen subequal in width, head slightly narrower than pronotum, pronotum quadrate or slightly transverse ( |
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– | Body broadly subparallel, pronotum strongly transverse and basally slightly narrower than elytra ( |
Body length 2.0–2.3 mm, sides subparallel; body colour dark brown, with tarsi and often tibiae rust-brown, antennae brown; forebody with dense microsculpture, glossy and with moderately dense punctation and pubescence; head round, narrower than pronotum; pronotum transverse, rectangular in shape with sides feebly arcuate, and as wide as elytra; elytra at suture as long as pronotum (
This native Nearctic species was described from Newfoundland and is herein recorded for the first time from New Brunswick (
Adults were collected from May to July using pitfall traps in an old boreal balsam fir forest in Newfoundland; by sifting moss near a brook, sifting deep conifer litter at base of large red spruce in a mature red spruce forest, and from Lindgren funnel traps in a rich Appalachian hardwood forest in New Brunswick.
CANADA:
Body length 2.8–3.0 mm, narrowly elongate and broadest at elytra; body dark brown to almost black, sometimes with reddish tinge on elytra, reddish-brown antennae and legs; forebody with dense microsculpture, dense punctation and pubescence, and strongly glossy; head round and narrower than pronotum; pronotum transverse, with sides strongly arcuate and narrowed anteriad, slightly narrower than elytra; elytra at suture about as long as pronotum or slightly longer (
This native Nearctic species was recently described from the Yukon Territory (
Adults were collected from May to July in pitfall traps, flight intercept traps, and Lindgren funnel traps in various forest types: rich Appalachian hardwood forest with some conifers, old-growth white spruce/balsam fir forest, balsam fir and maple sugar stands, mature white spruce with feather moss, and a red spruce forest.
CANADA:
Body length 2.8–3.2 mm, narrowly subparallel with head slightly narrower than pronotum; body colour dark brown, and with tibiae, tarsi and often basal antennal articles reddish-brown; forebody with dense microsculpture, and moderately dense punctation and pubescence, and strongly glossy; head round and slightly narrower than pronotum; pronotum slightly transverse, with sides rounded, and as wide as elytra; elytra at suture about as long as pronotum or slightly longer (
This native Nearctic species is here described from Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Quebec (
Adults were collected from May to July in Lindgren traps in an old-growth eastern hemlock stand, an old hardwood stand, and in a sugar maple forest and a red spruce forest.
This species is named after Odell Park in Fredericton, New Brunswick, where the holotype was found. This park was originally the estate of Reverend Jonathan Odell whom the park was named after. This park was established in 1954.
[specimens in poor condition and tentatively identified as this species].
CANADA:
Body dark brown to almost black, compact, sides subparallel or body narrowly oval in outline (
1 | Elytra at suture shorter than pronotum ( |
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– | Elytra at suture about as long as pronotum ( |
Body length 2.5–3.0 mm, narrowly elongate and broadest at elytra; body colour dark brown to almost black, with tarsi, two basal antennal articles and tibiae rust-brown, rest of antennal articles brown; forebody with dense microsculpture, moderate punctation and pubescence, and strongly glossy; head round and narrower than pronotum; pronotum transverse, rectangular in shape with sides strongly arcuate, and narrower than elytra; elytra at suture about as long as pronotum (
This native Nearctic species is known from Alaska, Yukon Territory and Ontario (
Some adults were collected from June to July at lake margins, on moist soil/gravel among sedges and by treading
CANADA:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
Body length 2.8–3.0 mm, sides subparallel; body colour dark brown, with tarsi, two basal antennal articles and legs rust-brown, rest of antennal articles dark brown; forebody with moderately dense microsculpture, punctation and pubescence, and strongly glossy; head round and about as wide as pronotum; pronotum transverse, with sides strongly arcuate, widest in apical third, and as wide as elytra; elytra at suture much shorter than pronotum (
This native Nearctic species was described from Rhode Island by
Some adults were collected from April to July at lake margins, on moist soil/gravel among sedges, and by treading emergent
CANADA:
We are grateful to the following individuals for lending us additional material for studies: Anthony Davies (CNC), Christian Hébert (LFC), Chris Majka (NSPM), Jeff Lemieux (formerly UBC), Joachim Willers (ZBM), and Shockley Floyd (USNM). We thank Pamela Cheers (LFC) for editing the first draft of the manuscript. We thank C. Alderson, Katie Burgess, Marie-Andrée Giguère, Cory Hughes, Michelle Roy, and Vincent Webster for technical assistance and collecting specimens. Principal funding was provided by Natural Resources Canada - Canadian Forest Service and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. The USDA APHIS funded the study on early detection of invasive cerambycids that provided many specimens collected in Lindgren funnel traps in New Brunswick. The New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund funded various insect surveys over the past 8 years, which also contributed specimens to this study. We thank the Meduxnekeag River Association for permission to sample beetles at the Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve, which includes the Bell Forest and the New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources (Fish and Wildlife Branch) for issuing permits for sampling in the Protected Natural Areas and for providing logistical support. Survey work in the Jacquet River Gorge Protected Natural Area was organized through the New Brunswick Museum with external funding from the New Brunswick Environmental Trust Fund, the Salamander Foundation, and the New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund. We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticism.