Corresponding author: Yuri M. Marusik (
Academic editor: Shuqiang Li
The south-east Asian genus
Logunov DV, Marusik YM (2014) Taxonomic notes on the genus
The genus
By their general appearance, members of the genus
The aim of the present paper is twofold: (1) to provide a comprehensive description of the genus
A total of 42 adult museum specimens belonging to nine species has been examined. The material studied in this paper was borrowed from the following museums: = Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary (curator: Dr T. Szuts) = Museum d’Historie Naturelle, Geneve, Switzerland (curator: Dr P. Schwendinger) = Naturmuseum und Forschungsinstitutt Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (curator: Dr P. Jäger and Ms J. Altmann) = Zoological Museum, Turku University, Turku, Finland (curator: Mr S. Koponen) = Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia (curator: Dr K. G. Mikhailov)
Digital photographs were taken using an Olympus E-520 camera attached to an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope, and prepared using CombineZP image stacking software. Photographs were taken with the specimens secured in dishes with paraffin on bottom. SEM microphotographs were made by means of a JEOL JSM-5200 in the Zoological Museum, University of Turku. Epigynes were cleared in a 10% KOH solution.
Abbreviations used in the text and figures are as follows: – anterior median eye – anterior lateral eye – posterior median eye – posterior lateral eye – compound terminal apophysis – embolus – insemination ducts – median apophysis – patellar apophysis – receptacle – tegular apophysis – tibial apophysis – femur – patella – tibia – metatarsus – tarsus – dorsal – prolateral – retrolateral – ventral
Small to very small spiders ranging from about 1.65 to 2.45 mm in length. Sexes similar in general body form; sexual dimorphism is poorly marked and can be seen in the following characters: dorsal scutum presents in males (absent in females), body coloration in males is slightly darker or more contrastingly coloured, anterior and posterior pairs of spinnerets are of contrasting colours in males (brown/dark grey
Somatic characters of
Somatic characters of
Skin structures of
Copulatory organs and somatic characters of
Of the described salticid genera,
The phylogenetic relationships of
Currently, 12 species are included in
Holotype ♀ (ZMUM) from Viet-Nam, Dak Lak Prov., c. 25 km SSW of Buon Ma Thuot (c.
The species epithet is a noun taken in apposition of the type locality: Daklak province of Viet-Nam.
The central shallow depression of the epigyne of
Copulatory organs and somatic characters of
Although this species is described on the basis of a single female, it is highly unlikely that it could belong to one of the three other new species described below on the basis of males (
The type locality only.
Male unknown.
FEMALE.
Holotype ♂ (ZMTU) from India, Meghalaya, East Khasi Hills, Umran, riverside forest, 1200 m a.s.l., 4.05.1979, P.T. Lehtinen.
Paratypes: INDIA: 2♂5♀ (ZMTU), together with the holotype. – THAILAND: 3♂5♀ (MHNG, one male without abdomen and palp), Trat Prov., Ko Chang, west side (
The species is named in honour of our colleague and friend, Dr Pekka Lehtinen (Turku, Finland), who collected the holotype.
By the conformation of the large, round tegulum, the tibial apophysis and the thin compound terminal apophysis that is hidden in the apical cavity of tegulum (
From eastern India, south-eastward to Thailand and southern Viet-Nam (present data).
MALE (from Thailand: Ko Chang).
Copulatory organs of
General appearance of
Copulatory organs of
FEMALE (from Viet-Nam: Dong-Nai).
MALAYSIA: 1♂ (MHNG, both palps detached), West Malaysia, Pahang, Cameron Highlands, 1520 m a.s.l., trail 14, Bukit Mentiga (tamisage), 23.03.1993, I. Löbl & F. Calame.
The species is named after the famous coleopterist, Dr. Ivan Löbl (Geneva, Switzerland), who collected the holotype.
The male of
The type locality only.
MALE.
Copulatory organs and somatic characters of
Copulatory organs of
Female unknown.
Holotype ♂ (HNHM) from Thailand Trang Prov., Thung Khai Botanic Garden, primary lowland rainforest, 12.11.2004, L. Papp & M. Földvári.
The species is named after Dr. László Papp (Budapest, Hungary), who collected the holotype.
By having the massive compound terminal apophysis with a deep longitudinal groove on its apical edge (
Copulatory organs of
The type locality only.
MALE (one palp missing).
Female unknown.
Holotype ♂ (ZMTU) from Viet-Nam, Bac Thai, Bach Tong, Duong Quang (apparently, Bach Thong Distr., Bac Kan Prov.), jungle slope, 900 m a.s.l., 17.10.1978, P.T. Lehtinen.
Paratypes: VIET-NAM: 1♂1♀ (ZMTU; epigyne missing), together with the holotype; 1♀ 5juv. (HNHM; epigyne missing), c. 5 km E of Lao Cai town, 200 m a.s.l., sieving forest litter, 1971, Topál-Matskásl.
Both sexes of
Unfortunately, neither the ♀ allotype deposited at the ZMTU, nor the ♀ paratype deposited at the HNHM possesses its epigyne, although in both cases there are separate micro-vials that should have contained them. Thus, our notion about the epigynal and vulval structures of
Southern Viet-Nam (
MALE (the holotype).
General appearance and somatic characters of
General appearance and copulatory organs of
FEMALE (the paratype).
Holotype ♂ (MHNG, both palps separated) from Thailand, Prov. Chiang Mai, Chiang Dao Distr., Doi Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, 510 m a.s.l., pitfall traps, 23.12.1990–15.01.1991, P. J. Schwendinger.
Paratypes: THAILAND: 3♂ (MHNG; palps of all specimens are separated), together with the holotype; 1♂ (MHNG; with the single detached palp), same locality, 510 m a.s.l., pitfall traps, 25.10–23.11.1990, P. J. Schwendinger.
From the Latin word ‘
This species differs from all
The type locality only.
MALE (♂ paratype with the palp).
General appearance of
Copulatory organs of
Female unknown.
Holotype 1♂ (MHNG) from northern Thailand, Chiang Mai Prov. and Distr., Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Doi (=Mount) Suthep, 1180 m a.s.l., 1-30.03.1987, P. J. Schwendinger.
Paratypes: THAILAND: 2♀ (MHNG), together with the holotype; 1♂ (MHNG), northern Thailand, Chiang Mai Prov. and Distr., Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, near Pin Pak Pai Waterfall, 1155 m a.s.l., pitfall traps 10.01-11.02.1997, P. Dankittipakul.
The species is named in honour of our colleague, the well-known arachnologist, Dr Peter Schwendinger (Geneva, Switzerland), who collected the type series and who made the majority of the
The male palp of
Copulatory organs and somatic characters of
The only locality in Thailand: Doi Suthep-Pui National Park.
The ♂ paratype was lost after having been photographed, as the observation glass was incidentally dropped down to the floor. Thus, the ♂ paratype is represented by the male palp only (
MALE (the holotype).
FEMALE.
Holotype 1♂ (MHNG) from Thailand, Trat Prov., Ko Chang, west side (
Paratypes: THAILAND: 2♂1♀ (MHNG, one male without abdomen and palp), together with the holotype.
The species epithet originates from the country of origin of the type series.
By having the massive compound terminal apophysis with a deep longitudinal groove on its apical edge (
Copulatory organs of
Copulatory organs of
General appearance of
The type locality only.
MALE (the holotype).
FEMALE.
Laos: 2♂ (SMFM), Luang Prabang Prov., NE Luang Prabang, Nam Ou, Nong Khiao, Tham Pathok (
The male of
Copulatory organs of
China (Yunnan) (
MALE.
FEMALE.
The authors wish to express their warmest thanks to the following curators for giving access to their museum collections: P Schwendinger (of the MHNG), P Jäger and J Altmann (of the SMFM), S Koponen (of the ZMTU), and KG Mikhailov (of the ZMUM). GN Azarkina (Novosibirsk, Russia) is thanked for making some illustrations of