2 urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048D35-BB1D-5CE8-9668-537E44BD4C7E urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A ZooKeys ZK 1313-2989 1313-2970 Pensoft Publishers 10.3897/zookeys.408.7292 3801 Research article Melitid amphipods from the Gulf of Thailand, with a description of Dulichiella pattaniensis, a new species Wongkamhaeng Koraon 1 koraon@gmail.com Pattaratumrong Manasawan Saengsakda 1 Puttapreecha Ratchanee 2 Marine and Coastal Resources Institute (MACORIN), Prince of Songkla University, 90112 Thailand Marine and Coastal Resources Institute Songkhla Thailand Southern Marine and Coastal Resources Research Center,158 Moo 8, Phawong, Muang, Songkhla 90100 Thailand 3Southern Marine and Coastal Resources Research Center Songkhla Thailand

Corresponding author: Koraon Wongkamhaeng (koraon@gmail.com)

Academic editor: C. O. Coleman

 2014 10 5 2014 408 1 18 612E9563-FFC5-520F-FFB2-FFF3AC2DFF92 578264 BB59EB4F-BB54-482A-AE80-55B33263027D 18 2 2014 25 4 2014 Koraon Wongkamhaeng, Manasawan Saengsakda Pattaratumrong, Ratchanee Puttapreecha This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Two species of melitid amphipod were collected from the Gulf of Thailand. Dulichiella pattaniensis is new to science, and Melitalati latiflagella Ren & Andres, 2012 has not been previously reported from Thai Waters. Dulichiella pattaniensis is characterized by male gnathopod 2 distolateral crown with 4 spines; pleonite/urosomite formula 7-7-7-5-6-2; pereopod 5-7 dactylus with 2 accessory spines. This combination of characters has not been recorded previously in the Dulichiella. The characters of the specimens are described and illustrated. All specimens are deposited in the Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.

 Crustacea Amphipoda Melitidae Dulichiella pattaniensis Gulf of Thailand taxonomy Citation

Wongkamhaeng K, Pattaratumrong MS, Puttapreecha R (2014) Melitid amphipods from the Gulf of Thailand, with a description of Dulichiella pattaniensis, a new species. ZooKeys 408: 1–18. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.408.7292

 Introduction

Melitid amphipods most commonly occur in coastal and freshwater areas. Thailand has a variety of aqueous habitats including coral reefs, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests, but only one melitid amphipod, Rotomelita longipropoda Wongkamhaeng et al., 2013 was described. In this study, we describe a new melitid species Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n., and our observations of Melita latiflagella Ren & Andress, 2012, which has not been previously reported in Thai Waters. Figures and descriptions of both species are provided.

 Materials and methods

Amphipods were collected from some settlement plates in an artificial reef in Ban Pak Bang Ta Wa, Pattani Bay and from sediment of Lower Songkhla Lake (Figure 1). The sites were visited at low tide and amphipods were collected using a 20×20 cm Ekman grab from the subtidal zone. The amphipod specimens were sorted out and fixed in formalin for 1 week and then stored in 70% alcohol. In the laboratory, the specimens were transferred from alcohol into glycerol for study. Drawing was accomplished using a drawing tube attached to an Olympus CH30 light microscope. The pencil drawings were scanned and digitally inked using a WACOM bamboo CTH-970 graphics board following the method described in Coleman (2003). The following abbreviations are used: A

, antenna

; G

, gnathopod

; HD

, head

; LL

, lower lip

; MD

, mandible

; MX

, maxilla

; MP

, maxilliped

; P

, pereopod

; Pl

, pleopod

; T

, telson

; U

, uropod

; UR

, urosome

; UL

, upper lip

; r

, right

; l

, left

; ♂

, male

; ♀

, female

. Specimens of different species were deposited into the Prince of Songkla University Zoological Collection (PSUZC).

Map of the sampling area.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29126 Results Systematics<break/><tp:taxon-name>Melitidae</tp:taxon-name> Bousfield, 1973 ED01B9A5-04D1-346E-5697-D936879C6F89 Dulichiella http://species-id.net/wiki/Dulichiella Stout, 1912 Figures 2 –9 Diagnosis.

(Lowry and Springthorpe 2007) Head anteroventral corner with several long, slender setae. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2. Maxilla 1 inner plate long, narrow, tapering distally, with 2 well developed apical plumose setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with oblique setal row. Gnathopod 2 male, asymmetrical, significantly unequal in size; palm in larger slightly obtuse; those of female equal in size. Pereopods 5–7 distal articles strongly to weakly setose; dactylar ungues with accessory spines. Pereopods 6 and 7 in males with bunches of long slender setae. Pereopod 7 basis in female fully expanded. Pleonites dorsally serrate. Uropod 3 inner ramus scale-like; outer ramus 4 to 5× longer than wide, 2-articulate. Telson deeply cleft, lobes tapering distally to an acute point.

 Typespecies.

Dulichiella spinosa Stout, 1912 (type by monotypy).

 Species composition.

Dulichiella appendiculata Say, 1818; Dulichiella australis Haswell, 1879; Dulichiella celestun Paz-Rios & Ardisson, 2014; Dulichiella cotesi Giles, 1890; Dulichiella cuvettensis Appadoo & Myers, 2005; Dulichiella fresnellii (Audouin, 1826); Dulichiella guinea Lowry & Springthorpe, 2007; Dulichiella lecroyae Lowry & Springthorpe, 2007; Dulichiella oahu Lowry & Springthorpe, 2007; Dulichiella pacifica Lowry & Springthorpe, 2005; Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n.; Dulichiella spinosa Stout, 1912 (type species); Dulichiella takedai Tomikawa & Komatsu; Dulichiella terminos Lowry & Springthorpe, 2007; Dulichiella tomioka Lowry & Springthorpe, 2007; Dulichiella tulear Lowry & Springthorpe, 2007.

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. holotype, male, (PSUZC-CR-00192), 6.3 mm. Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29127

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. paratype, male, (PSUZC-CR-00194), Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29128

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. paratype, male, (PSUZC-CR-00194), Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. The scale bars for U1-U3, PL1-3 represent 0.5 mm, but 0.2 mm for T.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29129

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. paratype, male, (PSUZC-CR-00194), Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29130

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. allotype, female, (PSUZC-CR-00193), Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29131

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. allotype, female, (PSUZC-CR-00193), Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.5 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29132

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. allotype, female, (PSUZC-CR-00193), Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.2 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29133

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n. allotype, female, (PSUZC-CR-00193), Pattani Bay, Lower Gulf of Thailand. Scale bars for U1-U3, PL1-3 represent 0.5 mm, but 0.2 mm for T.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29134 7C968FF9-5D9F-0445-8A66-0AB49D1B422A Dulichiella pattaniensis http://zoobank.org/212F51D8-E32A-4601-9E04-88292FBEB989 http://species-id.net/wiki/Dulichiella_pattaniensis sp. n. Type material.

Holotype. ♂, THAILAND, Lower Gulf of Thailand, Pattani Bay (6°51'55"N, 101°10'7"E), artificial reef (associated with coral settlement plate), 1 September 2010, Puttapreecha, R., PSUZC-CR-0192. Allotypes, ♀ collected with holotype; PSUZC-CR-0193; Paratype, collected with holotype (PSUZC-CR-0194 (5♂; 5♀)).

 Description.

Based on male holotype. Body length 6.3 mm (from tip of rostrum to apex of telson). Body compressed, subcylindrical. Head, lateral cephalic lobe truncate, anteroventral corner with setae, eyes round. Antenna 1, setiferous, ratios of peduncular articles 1–3 4:5:1; peduncular article 1 with 3 ventromarginal robust setea and distoventral setae; accessory flagellum with 5 articles, last article reduced; primary flagellum 16-articulate (possibly regenerating in this specimen), flagellum can be 25-articulate (observed from additional material). Antenna 2, Antenna 2 setiferous, peduncular article 2 cone gland not reaching end of article 3; article 5 subequal to 4, flagellum 9-articulate.

Upper lip, (labrum) distally rounded. Lower lip, inner lobes well developed, pubescent. Mandible, both similar, left incisor 3 dentates, right incisor 4 dentate; left and right lacinia mobilis armed with 3 and 4 dentates respectively; palp slender with marginal setae, article 1 smooth, article 3 slightly longer than article 2. Maxilla 1, inner plate narrow with 2 apical plumose setae; outer plate with 8 apical serrate robust setae; palp 2-articulate, article 1 with 3 distal setae, article 2 with 4 apical robust setae and 4 apical setae. Maxilla 2, inner plate with mediofacial row of 29 setae and 14 apical plumose setae; outer plate broader than inner plate, distally setose. Maxilliped, inner plate borad, with 6 plumose marginal setae; outer plate margin with 11 conate robust setae, terminal with 4 plumose setae; palp 4-articulate, article 2-3 with marginal setae, article 4 tapering with fine marginal setae.

Pereon.Gnathopod 1 subchelate, smaller than gnathopod 2; coxa anterodistal corner not produced, posteroventral corner notch present, anterior margin straight; length ratio of articles from basis to dactylus 10: 3:4:7:5: 3; basis slender; merus–propodus setose; palm slightly convex, defined by posterodistal corner, without posterodistal robust setae. Gnathopod 2 sexually dimorphic; left and right gnathopods unequal in size; coxa posteroventral corner notch present; (larger) length ratio of article from basis to dactylus 8:1:3:1:10:11; propodus distolateral corner crown with 4 rounded spines, palm straight, posterodistal corner produced, upturned, fit with dactylus; dactylus apically blunt; (smaller) subchelate; length ratio of article from basis to dactylus 9:3:4:6:6:4; merus with sharp posteroventral spine; carpus subequal to propodus; palm straight, without posteroventral spine. Pereopod 3–4 alike. Pereopod 5 basis posterior margin straight, posteroventral corner rounded; carpus and propodus sparsely setose; dactylus unguis anterior margin with accessory spines. Pereopod 6–7 alike, basis, merus, carpus, propodus with long marginal setae. Pereopod 6 basis posterior margin straight, minutely castelloserrate; dactylus unguis anterior margin with accessory spines. Pereopod 7 basis posterior margin straight, with posterior margin minutely castelloserrate, posteroventral corner; dactylus unguis anterior margin with accessory spines.

Pleon. Pleonite/urosomite dorsal spine formula (7-7-7-5-6-2). Pleonites 1–3 with dorsal setae. Epimera 1–3 posteroventral margin without spines above posteroventral corner. Epimeron 3 posterior margin smooth, posteroventral corner with strongly produced acute. Urosomite 1 with spine at midline, no medial gape. Urosomite 2 with dorsal setae. Urosomite 3 with dorsal setae, with 2 dorsal spines. Uropod 3 inner ramus scale-like, much shorter than outer ramus; outer ramus much longer (more than 2× length) than peduncle, 2-articulate. Telson with dorsal robust setae.

Female. (sexually dimorphic characters). Length, 7.4 mm. Gnathopod 1 coxa 4 anterodistal corner not produced, posteroventral corner notch present, anterior margin excavated. Gnathopod 2 equal, coxa subrectangular, palm crenulated, oblique with setae on margins. Pereopod 7 basis expanded, posterior margin slightly convex.

 Etymology.

This species is named after the type locality.

 Remarks.

Dulichiella pattaniensis sp. n., with pleonite/urosome formular of 7-7-7-5-6-2 has only Dulichiella cotesi, Dulichiella oahu, Dulichiella pacifica and Dulichiella tulear that share this characters. This new species can be distinguished from Dulichiella cotesi, Dulichiella oahu and Dulichiella tulear by having male gnathopod 2 (large) with 4 spines on distolateral crown while those three species have 3 spines. Dulichiella pattaniensis differs from Dulichiella pacifica in the following: the male large gnathopod 2 has a fourth spine on its distolateral crown that is not well developed vs. its well-developed fourth set of spines. The male gnathopod 1 has carpus longer than its propodus vs. a carpus subequal to its propodus. Pereopods 3-4 have a dactyli with 2 accessory spines vs. 3-4 dactyli with 1 accessory spine.

The new species also has four spines on the distolateral crown of the male gnathopod 2. Only 7 species, Dulichiella appendiculata, Dulichiella cuvettensis, Dulichiella celestun, Dulichiella fresnellii, Dulichiella guinea, Dulichiella lecroyae, Dulichiella pacifica and Dulichiella takedai share this distinct character. Dulichiella pattaniensis can be distinguished from amphipods by having pleonite/urosome formular of 7-7-7-5-6-2 while Dulichiella appendiculata, Dulichiella cuvettensis, Dulichiella fresnellii, Dulichiella lecroye and Dulichiella pacifica pleonite/urosome formula 7-7-7-5-4-2, Dulichiella guinea 9-9-7-5-4-2 and Dulichiella celestun 9-9-9-5-6-2. Moreover, Dulichiella pattaniensis differs from Dulichiella cuvettensis, Dulichiella guinea and Dulichiella lecroyae by having 2 accessory spines on pereopods 3-4 dactyli vs. 1 accessory spine. A summary of these distinguishing characters are given in Table 1.

A summary of the diagnostic characteristicsthat serve to distinguishclosely related Dulichiella species.

accessory flagellum lateral cephalic lobe male large G2 distolateral crown male G1 coxa anterior margin male G1 carpus: propodus male G2 dactylus pereopod 3–4 dactyli pereopod 6-7 pleonite/urosome formular epimera 3 posteroventral margin
Dulichiella pattaniensis 5 articles truncate with 4 spines, fourth spine not well developed straight > overlapping into palm posterodistal corner with 2 accessory spines with bunch of long setae on merus carpus and propodus 7-7-7-5-6-2 smooth
Dulichiella appendiculata 5 articles truncate with 4 spines, fourth spine not well developed concave = fitting into palm posterodistal corner with 2 accessory spines with bunch of long setae on basis merus carpus and propodus 7-7-7-5-4-2 smooth
Dulichiella cotesi 3 articles truncate with 3 spines straight = fitting into palm posterodistal corner with 1 accessory spine with bunch of long setae on merus carpus and propodus 7-7-7-5-6-2 smooth
Dulichiella cuvettensis 4 articles truncate with 4 spines, fourth spine not well developed straight > overlapping into palm posterodistal corner with 1 accessory spine with bunch of long setae on carpus and prooodus 7-7-7-5-4-2 serrate
Dulichiella fresnellii 4 articles truncate with 4 spines, fourth spine not well developed concave > overlapping into palm posterodistal corner with 2 accessory spines with bunch of long setae on carpus and prooodus 7-7-7-5-4-2 smooth
Dulichiella guinea 5 articles truncate with 4 spines, fourth spine well developed straight = fitting into palm posterodistal corner with 1 accessory spine with bunch of long setae on basis merus carpus and propodus 7-7-7-5-4-2 smooth
Dulichiella lecroyae 4 articles rounded with 4 spines, fourth spine well developed straight > fitting into palm posterodistal corner with 1 accessory spine with bunch of long setae on carpus and prooodus 7-7-7-5-4-2 smooth
Dulichiella oahu 4 articles truncate with 3 spines straight = fitting into palm posterodistal corner with 2 accessory spines with bunch of long setae on carpus and prooodus 7-7-7-5-6-2 smooth
Dulichiella pacifica 4 articles truncate with 4 spines, fourth spine well developed straight = fitting into palm posterodistal corner with 1 accessory spine with bunch of long setae on carpus and prooodus 7-7-7-5-4-2/6-2 smooth
Dulichiella takedai 4 articles truncate with 4 spines, fourth spine well developed straight > overlapping into palm posterodistal corner with 2 accessory spines with bunch of long setae on merus carpus and propodus 7-6-7-5-4-2 serrate
Dulichiella tulear no data truncate with 3 spines convex < fitting into palm posterodistal corner with 1 accessory spine without bunch of long setae 7-7-7-5-6-2 serrate
<italic><tp:taxon-name>Melita</tp:taxon-name></italic> Leach, 1841 89A22049-9A1B-B35A-6A90-B9BE3AE16DF3 Melita latiflagella http://species-id.net/wiki/Melita_latiflagella Ren & Andress, 2012 Figures 10 , 11 Material examined.

Lower Gulf of Thailand, Songkhla Lake (09°18'39.5"N, 99°46'46.4"E), 1 Feb 2012, Wongkamhaeng, K. PSUZC-CR-0191. (10♂; 10♀).

Melita latiflagella male (PSUZC-CR-000191) 4 mm. Outer Sonkhla Lake, lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.2 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29135

Melita latiflagella male (PSUZC-CR-000191) 4 mm. Outer Sonkhla Lake, lower Gulf of Thailand. All scale bars represent 0.2 mm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29136 Type locality.

Hainan province, China Sea.

 Description.

Head. Lateral cephalic lobe smooth. Antenna 1 peduncular article 1 longer than article 2, posterior margin with 2 marginal robust setae and 1 ventrodistal robust seta; flagellum with 19 articles, accessory flagellum 2 articles. Antenna 2 gland cone not reaching to the end of article 3; flagellum with 5 articles. Lower lip inner lobes well developed, outer lobes pubescent. Maxilla 1 inner plate with 3 terminal plumose setae. Mandibular palp article 2 subequal to article 1.

Pereon.Gnathopod 1 coxa anteroventral corner slightly produced, posteroventral corner expanded; merus-propodussetose; carpus longer than propodus; propodus transverse, venterodistal corner produced, without defining robust seta on anteroventral corner; dactylus overlapping palm. Gnathopods 2 merus posterodistal corner produced; carpus naked; propodus 3 × of carpus length, palmar margin oblique, serrated, longer than hind margin, with 2 robust setae, posterodistal corner produced with a robust seta; dactylus fit with palmar margin. Pereopod 3 coxa subrectangular. Pereopod 4 similar to pereopod 3; coxa distally expanded. Pereopod 5 and 6 basis posterior margin rounded. Pereopod 7 basis posterior margin straight.

Pleon.Epimera 1–3 rounded. Pleonite 1–3 dorsally smooth. Uropod 1 peduncle with venterodistal spine, bearing marginal robust setae, both rami with a row of marginal robust setae. Uropod 2 peduncle shorter than rami; rami subequal. Telson cleft each half with 2 apical robust setae.

 Remarks.

Ren and Andres (2012) described the China Sea residing Melita latiflagella as having an antenna 2 that is long and extended. The specimens from this study are similar to those of Ren’s, but smaller in size with a total length of 3 mm as opposed to 5 mm.

 Distribution.

China Sea and Songkhla Lake (current study).

 Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Dr. Jaruwat Nabhitabhata and Mr. Kwan Nualcharoen for assisting me in this research with their insights and expertise. Mr. Sarawoot Gomuttapong was a source of inspiration for this work and Dr. Azman Abdul Rahim drew maps of the sampling area. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Charles Oliver Coleman from the Museum of für Naturkunde in Berlin, Germany, and Dr. Jim Lowry from the Australian Museum in Sydney, for their assistance with the literature.

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