A review of the genus Ogdoconta Butler (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Condicinae, Condicini) from North America north of Mexico with descriptions of three new species

Abstract The species of the genus Ogdoconta Butler, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Condicinae, Condicini) from North America north of Mexico are reviewed, and a description of the genus is given. Ogdoconta satana Metzler, Knudson & Poole, sp. n., is described from New Mexico and Texas, Ogdoconta rufipenna Metzler, Knudson & Poole, sp. n., is described from Arizona, and Ogdoconta fergusoni Metzler & Lafontaine, sp. n., is described from Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana. A key to the species of Ogdoconta of North America north of Mexico is provided. Adult moths and male and female genitalia of Ogdoconta satana, Ogdoconta rufipenna, Ogdoconta fergusoni, Ogdoconta cinereola (Guenée, 1852), Ogdoconta moreno Barnes, 1907, Ogdoconta sexta Barnes & McDunnough, 1913, Ogdoconta altura Barnes, 1904, and Ogdoconta tacna (Barnes, 1904) are illustrated.

Type species. Placodes cinereola Guenée, by original designation. Diagnosis. Ogdoconta is a moderately-sized (approximately 15 species) New World genus with its largest concentration of species in the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America. The North American species of Ogdoconta are small to moderate in size (forewing length 9.5-16.0 mm), and their appearance is not particularly distinctive, because there are no external characters that uniquely characterize this genus. There are, however, characters in both the male and female genitalia unique to Ogdoconta. The most distinctive feature is the divided valve in the male genitalia. The saccular and cucullar regions are separate, although joined at the base. In the female genitalia the junction of the ductus bursae, corpus bursae, and appendix bursae are proximate.
Description. Head: Male and female antennae scaled above, naked below; occiput with dentate scales projecting slightly between antennal bases; a rough, poorly-developed line of scales just below antennal bases; front smoothly scaled, without frontal process, raised ring, or other modifications; eye normal, rounded, without hair; ocelli present; no lashes from either base of antenna or rear margin of eye; palpus unmodified, upturned, reaching about midpoint of front; third segment about one-third length of second; both second and third palpal segments smoothly scaled, first segment with a ventral tuft of scales; haustellum normal. Thorax: Wing venation normal for trifid noctuids; dorsum of thorax covered with elongate scales. Frenulum in female occasionally with a single bristle. Prothoracic leg: femur closely covered with flat scales except for a few rough scales projecting along ventral margin; tibia about one-half as long as femur, smoothly scaled, except for a few rough scales along outer margins; tibial claws and spines absent; first tarsal segment almost as long as tibia; first three tarsal segments scaled both dorsally and ventrally, fourth and fifth tarsal segments may have reduced scaling, fifth tarsal segment mostly naked ventrally; tarsal segments with three rows of spines ventrally. Mesothoracic and metathoracic legs: femur about four times longer than wide, smoothly scaled, except for fringe of long hairs along ventral margin; tibia scaling rougher than on femur; usual one mesotibial and two metatibial pairs of spurs; tarsal segments as in prothoracic leg. External tympanal region with alula strong; tympanic membrane circular, not elongate. Male abdomen: Weak tufts of scales present or absent on dorsum of segments one and two; sternite 1+2 without basal hair pencils or Stobe's glands; sclerotized margin of eighth sternite appears U-shaped; eighth sternite with two separate strong lines of hairs, not clearly separated into two hair pencils; sclerotized region of eighth tergite Y-shaped. Male genitalia: Uncus straight, narrow, often hairy; scaphium variously sclerotized; subscaphium variously sclerotized; anal tube variously sclerotized; tegumen simple, with or without slight projecting lobe near articulation with vinculum; tegumen hairy; vinculum and tegumen articulating directly, neither extensions, processes, nor separate pleurites present; juxta variously triangular, drawn out posteriorly; valve with saccular and cucullar regions separated giving valve a bifid appearance; cucullar region rectangular, ovate, or elongate; mesial surface of distal part of cucullar region simple and densely hairy, projections from costal margin present or absent; type species with a clasper located near junction of cucullar and saccular parts of valve, clasper-like structure present or absent in other species; saccular part of valve long, shorter than cucullar part, narrow, mesially densely covered with hairs; shaft of aedeagus narrow, with slight apical process variable; vesica long, from one half loop to two full loops, with or without diverticula or spines. Female genitalia: Ovipositor lobes unmodified, setae present; anterior apophyses and posterior apophyses, short, approximately equal in length; ostium in membrane between seventh and eighth abdominal segments, closer to eighth segment, with varying amounts of sclerotization; ductus bursae generally narrow, sclerotized or membranous, of variable length; appendix bursae wide, membranous; corpus bursae globular, slightly narrowed at junction with ductus bursae and appendix bursae; signa present or absent.
Discussion. In North America north of Mexico, the species of Ogdoconta are placed in three groups. The first group (here called the cinereola species group) contains five species; O. cinereola, O. moreno, O. sexta, O. altura, and O. satana. This group has a simple divided valve without projections on the outer margin. The vesica of the aedeagus is elongate with a single large loop. In the female genitalia the ostium is sclerotized, partially sclerotized or membranous. The ductus bursae is variable in length, narrow or funnel shaped, straight or bent, and membranous or partially sclerotized. A single junction joins the ductus bursae, corpus bursae, and appendix bursae. The corpus bursae is globular, usually with a single concave signum. The appendix bursae is large and fully or partially coiled. The junction between the appendix bursae and ductus seminalis may not be distinct.
Ogdoconta cinereola differs from all other species in the group in that O. cinereola has a small clasper at the juncture of the cucullar and saccular regions of the valve. Og-doconta altura, O. sexta, O. moreno, and O. satana have no clasper. The distribution of O. cinereola generally falls outside that of the other four species in the cinereola group.
The second group contains two species O. tacna and O. fergusoni. The outer margin of the cucullar part of the valve is less curved than the cinereola group, and the outer margin of the cucullar part has one or more projections. The vesica of the aedeagus has two rows of short, stubby spines. The female genitalia of the two species in the tacna group are dissimilar from each other, and they are dissimilar from the other species groups.
The third group contains the single species O. rufipenna that is characterized by the cucullar part of the valve, which is noticeably more narrow than the other species groups. The outer margin of the cucullar part of the valve has a conspicuous thumblike projection. In the female genitalia the ostium is strongly sclerotized and the sclerotization continues down the ductus bursae. The ductus bursae, supported by the terminus of the sclerotization, is bent. Type material. Placodes cinereola was based on two syntypes from New York, USA, from the Boisduval and Doubleday collections. A single syntype, labeled "U. S. America, Doubleday, 46-110" with a handwritten label "Placodes cinereola", now extant in the BMNH from the Doubleday collection, is labeled and hereby designated as Lectotype to ensure the stability of the name. Walker based Miana atomaria on three syntypes from the United States that were in the BMNH. The syntypes could not be located in the BMNH and Hampson (1910) does not list any types in his catalogue.
Diagnosis. Forewing is light fuscous brown, and the subterminal region (between the postmedial and subterminal lines) is suffused with a pinkish tinge. Medial and basal areas are minutely speckled with white. Antemedial line is an obscure, scalloped white line. Reniform and orbicular spots are obscure but often discernible by fine white outlines. Claviform spot is absent. Postmedial line is a white, almost straight, oblique line with a slight basally directed bend at CU 2 . Subterminal line is marked primarily as a brown shade terminating the pink suffusion of the subterminal region. Hind wing is suffused with brown. Males and females are similar in appearance, although the female hind wing usually is darker. Forewing length: 9.5-14.5 mm. This appears to be the only species in the genus with a clasper near the junction of the saccular and cucullar regions of the valve.
Distribution and biology. Ogdoconta cinereola is the only widely distributed and commonly collected species of Ogdoconta in eastern, central, and southwestern North America. It occurs from southern Ontario and Quebec south to southern Florida. At the western edge of its distribution, O. cinereola occurs from Manitoba southward through the Great Plains of Nebraska and Iowa, south throughout most of Texas, and westward through southern New Mexico (Eddy County) to southeastern Arizona (Santa Cruz County). The distribution extends south to the state of Coahuila in northern Mexico. Reports of this species from British Columbia are based on a mislabeled specimen; several other species from the same collection, now in the CNC, are also mislabeled as to locality with the same "Vancouver, B.C." label.
Remarks. This moth is easy to identify because of the pink in the subterminal area of the forewing. The adults are generally common and occur from May to September in the north, to as early as April and as late as October, in Texas and Florida. The saturation of pink in the postmedial area is reduced in specimens from southern Arizona. The pink postmedial area in some individuals is wider. Varying portions of the basal area of some specimens is replaced with pink. Barnes, 1907 http://species-id.net/wiki/Ogdoconta_moreno Figs 3-6, 22, 23, 37

Ogdoconta moreno
Ogdoconta moreno Barnes, 1907: 96. Type material. Ogdoconta moreno is based on an unspecified number of syntypes. There are currently two syntypes in the USNM bearing Barnes' syntype labels, a male and a female. The male syntype bearing the locality "Baboquivera [sic] Mts., Pima Co., Ariz." is labeled and hereby designated as Lectotype to ensure the stability of the name.
Diagnosis. Adults of O. moreno vary from brown to gray. This species is not likely to be confused with any other species of Ogdoconta in North America. Both the reniform and orbicular spots of the forewing are represented by contrasting light patches devoid of any defining lines or spots. Orbicular spot touches the antemedial line. Antemedial line is angled with the outward apex occurring just below the orbicular spot. Inner side of the antemedial line is a light band followed by a darker brown line. Postmedial line is an almost straight, light line, followed by a light tan or gray region of the subterminal area, which gradually becomes darker in the subterminal area. Medial and terminal areas of the forewings of individual specimens, of both sexes, range from pale tan to dark smoky gray. Hind wing of both the male and female is whitish, suffused with dull gray brown, more heavily in the female than the male. Forewing length: 10.0-14.0 mm. Cucullar part of the valve is ovate, elongate, and the outer margin is unmodified. Vesica loop varies from 180° to 360°. Vesica has a prominent curved diverticulum. Female genitalia are almost entirely membranous. Corpus bursae is elongate with a conspicuous signum that is concave and imbedded with minute denticles.
Distribution and biology. This species is known only from southern Arizona, although its distribution likely extends into Mexico. The larva and its food plants are unknown. Adults were collected in July, August, and September. Barnes & McDunnough, 1913 http://species-id.net/wiki/Ogdoconta_sexta Figs 7,8,24,25,38 Ogdoconta sexta Barnes and McDunnough 1913: 117, pl. 5 fig. 6. Type material. Ogdoconta sexta is based on an unspecified number of syntypes. There are currently two syntypes in the USNM labeled "Type ♂" and "Type ♀" respectively. The male syntype bearing the locality "Brownsville, Texas" is labeled and hereby designated as Lectotype to ensure the stability of the name.

Ogdoconta sexta
Diagnosis. The best superficial character to separate O. sexta from O. altura is found near the apex of the forewing. Ogdoconta sexta has a small streak of white scales, best seen with low magnification, from just before the apex of the wing to just below the outward angulation of the postmedial line. This feature gives the forewing costa of O. sexta, just before the apex, a frosted appearance (Figs 7,8). Otherwise, the region following the postmedial line of O. sexta is not lighter than the rest of the subterminal area. Most of the maculation of the forewing is obscure. However the postmedial line is moderately distinct, straight, except for a slight basally directed angulation near the costa, and white or yellow in color. Hind wing is suffused with dull brown; hind wings of some males are not as dark as the hind wings of females. There is no geographical variation. To the naked eye, O. sexta appears slightly larger than O. altura; the wing measurements show them to be the same size. Forewing length: 10.5-13.0 mm.
In the male genitalia the apex of the cucullar region of the valve is ovate-capitate in O. sexta, but narrower and more lineate in O. altura. In the female genitalia of O. sexta the ostium is wider than long, but the ostium of O. altura is longer than wide or the two measurements are approximately equal. The ostium of O. altura appears larger when compared to the ostium of O. sexta.
Distribution and biology. Ogdoconta sexta is known from Hidalgo and Cameron Counties in the southernmost Texas. Its distribution in Mexico is not known. The larva and its food plants are unknown. Adults were collected from March to June and again in September. Ogdoconta sexta is infrequently collected.
Remarks. Ogdoconta sexta and O. altura are difficult to separate superficially. Both species are similar in size, and the overall coloration is brown with a green-gray cast. Males tend to be slightly lighter than females, and in particular the subterminal area of the male can be significantly lighter than the medial area. A few males have significantly weaker brown suffusion in the hind wing than do other males and all females. When held in the light at the correct angle, the wings appear to be shiny. Barnes, 1904 http://species-id.net/wiki/Ogdoconta_altura Figs 9, 10, 26, 27, 39

Ogdoconta altura
Ogdoconta altura Barnes, 1904b: 243. Type material. Ogdoconta altura is based on an unspecified number of syntypes. The USNM has three syntypes, 2 females and 1 male with red-bordered type labels that are verifiably part of the original syntype series. The male syntype bearing the locality "Kerrville Texas" is labeled and hereby designated as Lectotype to ensure the stability of the name.
Diagnosis. The best character to separate O. altura from O. sexta is found near the apex of the forewing. Ogdoconta altura is lacking the small smear of white scales near the apex described in the diagnosis of O. sexta. In O. altura, the forewing costa proximal to the apex, lacks a frosted appearance (Figs 9, 10). The region following the postmedial line in O. altura is lighter than the rest of the subterminal area. Forewing length: 9.5-13.0 mm.
The genital differences between O. altura and O. sexta are given in the diagnosis of O. sexta.
Distribution and biology. Ogdoconta altura has a wider distribution than O. sexta. Ogdoconta altura was collected in south central and southern Texas as well as in northeastern Mexico. The larva and its food plants are unknown. Adults were collected in April, May, July, August, and September. Ogdoconta altura is infrequently collected.
Remarks. Ogdoconta altura and O. sexta are difficult to separate superficially. Both species are similar size, and the overall coloration is brown with a green-gray cast. When held in the light at the correct angle, the wings appear to be shiny. The hind wing of the female is more heavily suffused with brown than the male, although the amount of dark suffusion is variable among males. Among males, some individuals have a smoother and slightly lighter appearance than others. There is no geographic variation. Etymology. The scientific name satana comes from the Marvel comic book fictional character Satana, a child of Satan and sinister character, who taught black magic. The name refers to the black (often equated with evil) color of the adult moth. It is treated as a noun in apposition.

Ogdoconta satana
Diagnosis. Ogdoconta satana is an easily recognized species within the genus Ogdoconta. Forewing is completely suffused with dark ash black, and hind wing is contrastingly pale. Most of the maculation is obscure; scalloped black postmedial line is barely visible. Both orbicular and reniform spots are present as small contrasting light spots or are obscure. Orbicular spot is small and round with an ash-black center, and the reniform spot, filled with ash black, is obscure towards costa and posterior margin. Under low magnification the medial area may appear to be darker. Hind wing is contrastingly pale. There is little or no variation in the appearance of the upperside of O. satana; underside, in both males and females, can vary from dirty white with scattered darkfuscous scales to dark fuscous with scattered dirty-white scales. Orbicular and reniform spots on the underside range from prominent to obscure, and the color may be pale gray, yellow, or dirty white, filled with dark gray, or black. Under low magnification, forewings of some specimens may appear to have a dark-brown tint. No other species of Ogdoconta in North America shares these characters.
Females of O. satana are superficially similar to very dark females of Fotella notalis Grote, 1882 (Noctuidae, Condicinae, Leuconyctini) (Fig. 13). The two species are sympatric in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, and they are easy to distinguish. The front of F. notalis has a caldera-like raised ring with a depressed center. Scales between the raised ring and the clypeus are dirty-white, and the antennal scape of F. notalis is white. The front of O. satana does not have a raised ring. Scales near the clypeus and the antennal scape of O. satana are black. Also, O. satana has a broader forewing than does Fotella notalis.
Description. Adult male (Fig. 11). Head: Ash black, scales spatulate white tipped, vertex scales erect, front scales smooth. Labial palpus erect, smooth ash black, scattered white scales, scales spatulate, basal segment with ventral tuft of scales, second segment apex mesially white. Haustellum coiled between labial palpi. Antenna filiform, sensory setae inconspicuous, each segment dorsally alternating gray and pale, scales appressed, ventrally naked, light brown. Thorax: Ash black, scales spatulate white tipped; underside dirty white, scales appressed, scattered long hair-like scales. Legs dorsally ash black, ventrally dirty white, smoothly scaled, sparse long hair-like white scales; tarsomeres ash black, white tipped. Forewing: length 10.0-13.0 mm, mean 11.5 mm, n = 37; dorsal surface ground color ash black with scattered gray scales. Basal line obscure, faintly darker; antemedial line obscure, faintly darker; postmedial line dirty white at posterior margin, pointed basally on veins, obscure over cell, disappearing towards costa; subterminal line obscure; terminal line obscure; orbicular spot a round dirty-white ring filled with ash black; reniform spot a kidney-shaped dirty-white ring filled with ash black, obscured towards costa and posterior margin; costa with four or five small dirty-white spots from postmedial line to apex; fringe ash black with occasional pale-gray bars; underside dark gray, whitish-gray towards posterior margin, subcostal basal whitish-gray patch on some specimens, costa ash black, four or five small dirty-white spots from postmedial line to apex; orbicular and reniform spots more or less prominent dark gray. Hind wing dirty white, contrasting with forewing, numerous gray scales, darker in costal and terminal areas, terminal line contrasting dark gray, fringe pale gray; underside pale gray contrasting with forewing, discal spot dark gray, numerous gray scales, darker in dorsal and terminal areas, terminal line contrasting dark gray, fringe pale gray. Abdomen: Dorsum dark gray, smoothly scaled; underside dark gray, numerous white-tipped scales, smoothly scaled. Genitalia (Fig. 28): Apex of each arm of tegumen produced to tab-shaped lobe, juncture of two arms Y-shaped; uncus straight, drawn out to long point, long hairs sparse, denser basally; juxta widened and rounded anteriorly, laterally thickened, center U-shaped, posteriorly narrowed, drawn out to an obscure terminus; vinculum broadly V-shaped, short; valve divided, saccular region wider for basal one third, dorsal margin bent so apical two thirds narrower, heavier sclerotization at bend, narrowed part slightly curved dorsad, margins parallel, apex rounded, narrowed region densely hairy mesially; cucullar region more than two times length of saccular region, densely hairy mesially, distinctly widened to one-half length, curved dorsad, slightly narrowing towards apex, apex broadly rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 29) straight; vesica at 90° angle, base wide, narrowing apically, forming loop 270°-360°, apically bent 90°, minute denticules at base, median diverticulum small, thin, plate-like. Adult female (Fig. 12): Similar to male; forewing: length 10.0-14.0 mm, mean 13.0 mm, n = 20. Genitalia (Fig. 40): Papilla analis lightly sclerotized, apex rounded, setae stout, numerous, conspicuous; posterior apophysis conspicuously widened near base, extending anteriorly to just beyond posterior margin of eighth segment; anterior apophysis equal length, not widened; ostium bursae funnel shaped, trapezoid-shaped plate lightly sclerotized; ductus bursae membranous, gradually narrowing to middle, widening to juncture with corpus bursae, light rugose sclerotization near juncture with corpus bursae; corpus bursae globular, membranous, scattered denticules, narrowed at insertion of ductus bursae; signum, concave, densely covered with elongate denticules.
Remarks. This species is placed in the genus Ogdoconta on the basis of the structure of the male and female genitalia. The postmedial line is more complete on some specimens. The loop in the vesica of most specimens examined (n=8)  ever the loop in one specimen was nearly 360°. The type locality was selected because it will be protected by the U.S. National Park Service into perpetuity. Metzler, Knudson, and Poole are the sole authors of this species.
Distribution and biology. This species is known from western Texas and Carlsbad Caverns National Park, Eddy County, New Mexico (Fig. 44). Its distribution into Mexico is not known. The larva and its food plant(s) are unknown. Ogdoconta satana is common in Carlsbad Caverns National Park, otherwise it is infrequently collected.
Diagnosis. The forewing of O. tacna is gray brown with a slight greenish tint. The species is separable from all other species of Ogdoconta in North America by a pattern of fine white lines and a light scattering of white scales over a gray-brown forewing. In particular, the orbicular and reniform spots are clearly outlined by fine, dirty-white lines. Postmedial line is mostly straight and oblique from the costa to the posterior margin, although there is a slight outward pointing angulation near the bottom of the reniform spot. Postmedial line is accented with vague dark gray-green rectangles on its inner side. Subterminal area is slightly lighter than the terminal area, and the subterminal line is irregular and dull white. Terminal line consists of a series of dark rectangles accented on their inner sides by white lines. Hind wing of the male is dirty white with dark scales along the fringe and a dusting of dark scales along the costal margin. Female hind wing is more generally suffused with dark scales. White still shows through, particularly basally and along the posterior margin. Forewing length: 11.0-13.5 mm.
The male genitalia are distinctive. The cucullar part of the valve is triangular, not ovate, and there is a series of small knobs along the outer margin. Aedeagus is long, narrow, and slightly sinuous. Vesica is narrow with a tight basal loop followed by a straight region containing a double row of short, stubby spines, not found in the other North American species of Ogdoconta. The distal end of the vesica is another tight loop. Female genitalia are distinctive. Ostium is strongly sclerotized and the sclerotization extends the entire length of the ductus bursae. Appendix bursae contains a series of sclerotized rugosities. The distal end of the appendix bursae is not distinguishable from the beginning of the ductus seminalis. The caudal end of the corpus bursae contains the same sclerotized rugosities found in the appendix bursae.

Distribution and biology.
In the US, this species is only known from central and southeastern Texas. The distribution of O. tacna in Mexico is not known. The larva and its food plants are unknown. Adults were collected in April and May and again in September and October. Ogdoconta tacna is infrequently collected.
Remarks. The Lectotype designated here is the specimen illustrated as type female on plate IX, fig. 15 in Barnes and McDunnough (1912).
The shape of the valve and the knob-like projections on the valve can be seen by brushing a few scales from the protruding genitalia of male specimens.
The CNC specimen from Florida reported as O. tacna (Kimball 1965, Heppner, 2003 is O. fergusoni Metzler & Lafontaine, new species. The specimen from Cassadaga, FL, attributed to Stanley V. Fuller, could not be located amongst Fuller's specimens, now deposited at the McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, University of Florida, and it could not be located at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, which is where Kimball deposited his specimens. If the Fuller specimen was examined by Kimball it is easy to speculate that the Fuller specimen is O. fergusoni. The specimens identified as "Ogdoconta species near tacna" (Kons and Borth 2006) from six localities in northern and northeast Florida were not available for this study. Etymology. The scientific name fergusoni recognizes the contributions of Douglas Campbell Ferguson to the study of Lepidoptera and his role as a friend and mentor to many people who study Lepidoptera. The name is in the genitive case.
Diagnosis. Ogdoconta fergusoni is the smallest North American species of Ogdoconta. At first glance it might be overlooked as a species of Elaphria Hübner, 1818, especially E. fuscimacula (Grote, 1881) or E. grata Hübner, 1818. Both species of Elaphria are reddish brown and O. fergusoni is shades of gray with hints of brown and has fuscous hind wings. Historically (Kimball 1965, Heppner 2003 Description. Adult male (Fig. 18). Head: Front smooth, scales white tipped gray brown; vertex, scales spatulate, 45° erect posteriorly, white tipped gray brown. Labial palpus porrect, reaching top of head; first segment dorsal scales, long, narrow, erect, pale yellow, mesial surface smooth, dirty white, ventral surface scales erect, shaggy tuft, dirty white, lateral surface smooth, scales, gray brown and white; second segment dorsal scales, dark reddish-brown, scattered white scales, smooth, mesial scales dirty white with brown and brown with white tips, ventral surface very slight tuft, scales brown with white tips; third segment scales smooth, gray brown, scattered dirty white, apex dirty white, scales smooth, gray brown, scattered dirty-white scales, apex pointed, dirty white. Haustellum coiled between labial palpi. Antenna filiform, dorsal surface scales alternating dirty white and gray brown, ventral surface naked, sensory setae sparse, setal length = 4/5 segment width. Thorax: Scales spatulate, white tipped gray brown, partially erect, disc smooth; underside dirty white, scales rounded, appressed, scattered long hair-like scales. Legs: fore leg dorsal surface brown, scattered dirty-white scales, ventral surface dirty white, scattered gray-brown scales, segments tipped with dirty white, tarsomeres dorsal surface brown, ventral scales dirty white, each tarsomere tipped with dirty white, mid-leg similar, tarsomeres ventral surface dirty white; hind leg dirty white, scattered gray-brown and pale-fuscous scales. Forewing: length 9.0 mm, n = 1; dorsal surface ground color gray brown with dirty-white-tipped scales, hoary. Basal line on costal half, fine, scalloped, white, incomplete; antemedial line fine, vaguely double, three elements, basal and outer elements brown, defined by white center element, scalloped; medial shade, gray brown, scales without white tips, barely darker; postmedial line not reaching costa, five elements, basal and outer elements vague, frosted, center element mostly white, lateral elements gray brown without white tips, veins brown towards costa; postmedial region contrastingly pale, pale-brown scales without white tips; subterminal line fine, waved, white; terminal line fine, white, straight, interrupted on veins; orbicular spot round, fine white outline, inconspicuous; reniform spot figure 8 shape, fine white outline, inner edge of dorsal loop extended basally to a point, dorsal loop, except basal extension, filled with light-brown scales; costa outer half marked with five white spots; fringe gray brown, white scales mark ends of veins, inconspicuous; underside pale fuscous, costal region scales mixed dirty white and gray brown, scales on veins dark, postmedial line pale gray, broadly excurved, terminal line finely dark brown; gray gradually darkening outwardly, white scales mark ends of veins. Hind wing scales fuscous-tipped pale gray, terminal line finely marked dark brown; fringe inner half dirty-white, outer half fuscous; underside base and posterior margin dirty white, gradually darkening to gray brown towards costa and outer margin; terminal line finely marked dark brown; fringe inner half dirty white, outer half fuscous. Abdomen: Dorsal surface pale fuscous, scales appressed, spatulate and hair-like scales mixed; basal tufts on segments one, two, and three, with gray-brown dirty-white-tipped scales, partially erect; ventral surface scales appressed, scales mixed dirty white, pale fuscous, and scattered gray brown. Genitalia (Fig. 30): Tegumen, each side straight, narrow, rounded at apex at junction, not modified; uncus straight, setose, slightly shorter than subscaphium, apex not narrowed, bluntly rounded; scaphium lightly sclerotized, fin-like; subscaphium sclerotized, tube-like, sub-apical scobinate patch; juxta narrow, rounded anteriorly, sub-lateral ridges strongly sclerotized, laterally indistinct, posteriorly drawn out to a long indistinct point; vinculum arms broad, broadly U-shaped, length moderate, stout; valve deeply divided, saccular region mesial surface densely hairy, gradually widened from base to one third, basal one third costa thickened, dorsal margin abruptly bent at one third, saccular area abruptly narrowed at one third, distal two thirds slightly directed ventrally, gradually widening and narrowing to bluntly rounded apex; cucullar region, one-fourth longer than saccular region, gradually widening to three-fourths length, apical one-fourth, ventral margin angled dorsally to broadly rounded apex, mesial surface of apical onehalf densely hairy, ventral margin at three-fourths drawn out to a prominent fingerlike projection. Aedeagus (Fig. 31) stout, straight. Vesica basally wide, broadly curved 180°, outer margin of loop lightly sclerotized with minute scobinations, narrowed apically, basal sclerite, very small, linear, prominent denticular teeth in double row, broad diverticulum before top of loop. Adult female (Fig. 19). Similar to male except wing dorsal surface more reddish; forewing: length 9.0-10.5 mm, mean 9.5 mm, n = 3. Genitalia (Fig. 43): Papilla analis lightly sclerotized, apex rounded, setae gradually denser towards apex; posterior apophysis extending anteriorly to just beyond posterior margin of eighth segment; eighth segment sclerotized ring, anterior margin extended into base of anterior apophyses; anterior apophysis length = 2× posterior apophysis; la-mella postvaginalis sclerotized, excurved caudally, shallow concavity mesially, posterior margin with numerous short stiff hair-like tiny projections; surface densely covered with pointed spicules, density of spicules and length of points decreases anteriorly; ductus bursae sclerotized entire length, sclerotization weaker at midpoint, anterior half gradually widening, abruptly narrowing to short membranous section at junction with corpus bursae; corpus bursae posterior end with wide weakly sclerotized rugosities, bulbous, lengthened anteriorly; signum concave, approximately round, covered with pointed spicules, surrounded by bluntly-rounded cobble-like spicules, prominence of rounded spicules decreases as distance from signum increases; appendix bursae at posterior end of corpus bursae, directed laterally, more or less distinct, funnel-shaped, not coiled, narrowed to distinct ductus seminalis.
Remarks. This new species is placed in the genus Ogdoconta on the basis of the shape of the male and female genitalia, and the appearance of the adult moth. The medial shade, visible under magnification, is detected by the absence of dirty-whitetipped scales. The female specimen in the CNC from Florida (Wolley-Dod) has a darker postmedial area than the other specimens in the type series; however the genitalia of this specimen leave no doubt that it is O. fergusoni.
The hair-like projections on the posterior margin of the lamella postvaginalis and the pointed ends of the spicules are very small. They can be seen with a compound microscope at 60 × or greater magnification. The number of hair-like projections and the number of pointed ends which are visible increases as magnification increases.
This species was misidentified as O. tacna (Kimball 1965, Heppner 2003. Metzler & Lafontaine are the sole authors of this species. Distribution and biology. This species is recorded from Florida, southern Mississippi, and southern Louisiana (Fig. 44). The larva and its food plants are unknown. Ogdoconta fergusoni is infrequently collected.

Diagnosis. Ogdoconta rufipenna is a large North American species of Ogdoconta.
Ogdoconta rufipenna is easily identified by a uniform burgundy-colored forewing with faint fine white lines. Forewing has few distinct markings, although all marks and lines (except the claviform spot) are present as fine white lines. No other North American species of Ogdoconta shares these color characteristics. Valve is distinguished by a large thumb-like projection from the lower angle of the apex of the cucullar region of the valve. Cucullar part of the valve is narrower than the other North American species of Ogdoconta, and the cucullar part is neither triangular nor ovate. Aedeagus is thin, long, and slightly sinuous, Description. Adult male (Fig. 16). Head: scales burgundy, spatulate white tipped, vertex scales erect, front scales smooth. Labial palpus dark reddish-brown, scattered white scales, erect, basal segment with ventral tuft, second segment smooth scaled, ventral mesial margin white, apical segment smooth scaled, white tipped. Haustellum coiled between labial palpi. Antenna filiform, sensory setae inconspicuous, dorsally each segment alternating pale and dark, smooth scaled, ventrally brown. Thorax: burgundy, spatulate white-tipped scales; underside dirty white, scales appressed, scattered long hair-like scales. Legs dorsally dark reddish-brown, scattered white scales, ventrally admixture of dirty-white and dark reddish-brown, smoothly scaled, sparse long hair-like whitish scales; tarsomeres white tipped. Forewing: length 10.5-16.0 mm, mean 14.5 mm, n = 117; dorsal surface ground color uniformly burgundy, scattered white scales, hoary. Basal line fine, inconspicuous at costa, dorsally absent, white; antemedial line fine, white from costa to below cell, dorsally absent, sometimes fused to orbicular spot; medial shade absent; postmedial line fine, white from costa to below cell; subterminal line scalloped, obscure, marked with white and dark scales; terminal line fine, white, scalloped; orbicular spot round, finely outlined with white, filled with burgundy; reniform spot kidney shaped, elongated dorsally towards orbicular spot, finely outlined with white, filled with a vague vertical white line and burgundy; costa with five small white spots from antemedial line to postmedial line; fringe dark reddish brown, white tipped; underside dark reddish brown, costa and terminal areas hoary with white scales, subterminal line white, marking edge of terminal area; terminal line dark; fringe basal line pale, two-toned dark reddish brown, white tipped. Hind wing dark reddish brown, hoary, veins lined with dark, terminal line dark, fringe two-toned, basally umber, distally paler, white tipped; underside umber, hoary, subterminal line dark, terminal line dark, fringe basal line pale, umber, white tipped. Abdomen: Dorsum with two basal tufts burgundy, scales white tipped, elsewhere dark reddish brown, hoary, smoothly scaled, valves (if protruding) dark yellow; underside dark reddish brown, hoary, scales appressed. Genitalia (Fig. 34): Tegumen, each side rounded at apex, not modified; uncus straight, setose, scarcely shorter than subscaphium, apex slightly down turned, pointed; scaphium basally sclerotized, laterally membranous, subscaphium sclerotization increasing distally, tube-like; juxta rounded anteriorly, laterally indistinct, posteriorly drawn out to a long slightly thickened point, with or without a thin keel; vinculum V-shaped, length moderate, stout; valve deeply divided, saccular region gradually widened from base to one half, dorsal margin abruptly bent at one half, saccular area abruptly narrowed at one half, gradually widening and narrowing to bluntly rounded apex, minute denticules on dorsal half at bend, dense, narrowed apical region densely hairy mesially; cucullar region one fifth longer than saccular region, subtly curved, costal and ventral margins parallel almost to apex, apex swollen, capitate, rounded, densely hairy mesially, large thumb-like projection from the lower angle of apex. Aedeagus ( Fig. 35) long, narrow, slightly sinuous, last one fourth densely covered with minute denticules; vesica, gradually narrowing, first loop tight, second loop elongate, median diverticulum elongate, curved, with minute denticules, dense, inside first curve of loop, minute denticules, dense, outside curve of second loop. Adult female (Fig. 17).
Remarks. This new species is placed in the genus Ogdoconta on the basis of the shape of the male and female genitalia. The large thumb-like projection on the valve of the male can be seen by brushing a few scales from the protruding genitalia of male specimens. This species was misidentified as O. lilacina on a web site detailing the moths of southeastern Arizona (Walsh 2011 Distribution and biology. This species is recorded from Santa Cruz and Cochise Counties in southeastern Arizona (Fig. 44). Its distribution in Mexico is not known. The larva and its food plants are unknown. Ogdoconta rufipenna is moderately common in specific locations in Santa Cruz and Cochise counties, Arizona.

Discussion
In preparation of this document, we examined the types of all species of Ogdoconta, which were described from the New World.
The coordinates for latitude and longitude are reported exactly as they are on the specimens. These data are easily converted to any other format by using one of many conversion sites on the World Wide Web, such as CSGNetwork.com (2012).
The specimens from Carlsbad Caverns National Park were collected during a tenyear study of the moths in the Park. This is the fifth in a series of papers (Metzler et al. 2010, Metzler and Knudson 2011, Metzler et al. in press, Metzler and Forbes 2012 detailing the moths of Carlsbad Caverns National Park, and O. satana is the fourth species described as a result of the study. Carlsbad Caverns National Park was selected as the type locality of O. satana because the site will be protected by the National Park Service into perpetuity.