Corresponding author: Junhao Huang (
Academic editor: V. Blagoderov
The taxonomy of the genus
Shi K, Huang J, Zhang S, Wu H (2014) Taxonomy of the genus
We herein follow the redefined concept of
The concept of
The genus has never been recorded from China. In this study, we taxonomically revise the genus based on specimens collected in recent years by Zhejiang A&F University, China. Detailed illustrations, differential diagnoses, distributional information of each species, and a key to the Chinese species are provided.
All specimens were collected by sweeping, malaise trapping, and yellow trapping and were preserved in 75% ethanol. All were mounted on microscope slides in xylol-based Canada balsam after clearing in xylol. The slides were made under a Nikon SMZ1500 stereo microscope. The specimens were observed, measured, and illustrated under a Leica DM2500 microscope. This study was based on males only because most species characteristics of
1 | Maxillary palp 1-segmented ( |
2 |
– | Maxillary palp 3-segmented ( |
4 |
2 | Hypopygium with a lobe-like projecting intercoxal area, tegmen slightly and smoothly curved and sclerotized ( |
|
– | Hypopygium without lobe-like projecting intercoxal area, tegmen strongly curved and sclerotized ( |
3 |
3 | Gonostylus very tumid, broadest on apical part, apical tooth short (about half as long as width of gonostylus) ( |
|
– | Gonostylus slightly tumid, broadest on mesial part, apical tooth long (as long as width of gonostylus) | |
4 | Gonostylus narrowed, without apical lobe except a tooth on its apex ( |
5 |
– | Gonostylus inflated, with an distinct apical lobe bearing a tooth ( |
6 |
5 | Apical tooth long (as long as width of gonostylus), tegmen almost truncate on the apical margin with a weak process ( |
|
– | Apical tooth short (about half as long as width of gonostylus), tegmen greatly projected in the middle of apical margin ( |
|
6 | Basal palpomere with a sensory pit and one seta, gonostylus relatively narrowed, with apex densely setose ( |
|
– | Basal palpomere without sensory pit and with four setae, gonostylus inflated, with apex sparsely setose or bare ( |
7 |
7 | Apex of the gonostylus sparsely setose, and its apical tooth light and not sclerotized, tegmen narrowed abruptly on the middle and almost equilateral in ventral view ( |
|
– | Apex of the gonostylus bare, and its apical tooth dark and sclerotized, tegmen narrowed evenly and almost triangular in ventral view ( |
Head dark brown; antenna, thorax, abdomen, and hypopygium brown; palp pale brown; legs pale yellowish-brown; wings fumose.
China, Zhejiang (
Based on the form of the gonostylus, the new species is similar to
This species is named after its hook-like gonostylus (Latin adjective
Head dark brown; antenna and thorax brown; palp, abdomen, and hypopygium pale brown; legs yellowish-brown; wings fumose.
China, Shanxi (
Based on the form of the gonostylus, the new species is similar to
This species is named after its globally inflated gonostylus (Latin adjective
CHINA. HEILONGJIANG. 1 male, Haerbin, Shangzhi, Maoershan Nature Park, sweep-net, 26.VII.2008, Su-Jiong Zhang [SM00193]. SHAANXI. 1 male, Huxian, Laoyu, Baliping Zhuque Nature Park, sweep-net, 13.VII.2012, Junhao Huang [SM01656]. SHANXI. Qinshui: 2 males, Xiachuancun, Putonggou, yellow trap, 24.VII.2012, Kai Shi [SM017760–1777]; 1 male, Xiachuancun, Zhuweigou, sweep-net, 23.VII.2012, Kai Shi [SM01738]; 1 male, Xiachuancun, Zhuweigou, sweep-net, 25.VII.2012, Kai Shi [SM01770]; 1 male, Dahecun, Nanshenyu, sweep-net, 28.VII.2012, Kai Shi [SM01780]. ZHEJIANG. 1 male, Linan, Mt. Qingliangfeng, Qianqingtang, malaise trap, 15.V.2012 [SM01719].
The species is characterized by the 1-segmented palp, the gonostylus evenly narrowed toward the apex, the apical tooth as long as the width of the gonostylus, and the tegmen very strongly curved and sclerotized.
China (Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Zhejiang – new record) (
This species is new to China. The Chinese specimens examined show no obvious differences.
Head dark brown; antenna, thorax, abdomen, and hypopygium brown; palp pale brown; legs yellowish-brown; wings fumose.
China, Shaanxi (
Based on the form of the gonostylus, the new species is similar to
This species is named after its sparse setosity on the gonocoxite (Latin adjective
Head dark brown; antenna, thorax, and abdomen brown; palp and hypopygium pale brown; legs yellowish-brown; wings fumose.
China, Shanxi (
This species is unique within the genus in having its tegmen greatly projected in the middle of the apical margin. Based on the form of the gonostylus, it is similar to
This species is named after the great middle projection of the apical tegmen (Latin adjective
Head dark brown; antenna, thorax, abdomen and hypopygium brown; palp pale brown; legs yellowish-brown; wings fumose.
China (Shanxi, Zhejiang,
The new species is similar to
This species is named in reference to its short apical lobe, from theGreek adjective
Head dark brown; antenna, thorax, abdomen and hypopygium brown; palp pale brown; legs yellowish-brown; wings fumose.
China (Yunnan,
This species is unique in having the light-colored gonostylar apical tooth, which is not scleritised.
This species is named after its type locality, Yunnan province, China.
Head dark brown; palp, antenna, thorax, abdomen and hypopygium brown; legs yellowish-brown; wings fumose.
Wings, dorsal view.
China (Hubei,
Geographical distribution of
This species can be readily recognized by having two unique characteristics: the gonostylar apex bare, and a dorsally located lobe on its inflated gonostylus.
This species is named after its type locality, Shennongjia at Hubei province, China.
We thank Dr. Heikki Hippa (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm) and Dr. Pekka Vilkamaa (Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki) for their attentively examination of all the materials in this study and critical review of the manuscript. Thanks are also given to Dr. Lyudmila Komarova (The Shukshin Altai State Academy of Education, Biysk) for her generous help and encouragement. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No. 31372244).