Corresponding author: Wolfgang Schawaller (
Academic editor: P. Bouchard
Two new species of the genus
The genus
The separation of the genera
All species of this group are soil dwellers and are adapted also to extreme dry conditions (personal observations). All known species have fully developed wings and thus possess a high ability for dispersal. Specimens are usually collected by sifting litter and similar substrates, and are also attracted by light.
Idealized distributional patterns of the
The Natural History Museum, London (Max Barclay)
Collection Dr. Roland Grimm, Neuenbürg
Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest (Dr. Ottó Merkl)
Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Genève (Dr. Giulio Cuccodoro)
Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (Dr. Manfred Uhlig)
Museo di Storia Naturale, Firenze (Dr. Luca Bartolozzi)
Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel (Dr. Michel Brancucci †)
National Museum (Natural History), Prague (Dr. Jiří Hájek)
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Karlsruhe (Dr. Alexander Riedel)
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart
All species have a similar dorsal colour pattern (
1 | Frons between eyes wider than dorsal eye diameter, dorsal punctation of pronotum and elytra fine, pronotum with lateral parts narrowly separated from disc ( |
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– | Frons between eyes narrower than eye diameter, dorsal punctation of pronotum rough, pronotum with lateral parts broadly separated from disc | 2 |
2 | Pronotum with anterior margin feebly excavated (compare figures) | 3 |
– | Pronotum with anterior margin deeply excavated | 4 |
3 | Elytral colour pattern apically with an arrow-shaped dark element, aedeagus with long and broad triangular apicale with straight sides, antennomeres 8–10 as long as broad ( |
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– | Elytral colour pattern apically with an narrowing pointed dark element, aedeagus with short and narrow triangular apicale with rounded sides, antennomeres 8–10 longer than broad ( |
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4 | Middle tibia of males on inner side with about five distinct spines ( |
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– | All tibiae unarmed | 5 |
5 | Separated lateral parts of pronotum extremely broad, aedeagus with broad spade-like apicale ( |
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– | Separated lateral parts of pronotum narrower, aedeagus with apicale pentagonal | 6 |
6 | Dorsal setation of pronotum and elytra short, body shape narrower (elytra 1.4× longer than broad) ( |
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– | Dorsal setation of pronotum and elytra long, body shape broader (elytra 1.3× longer than broad) ( |
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Holotype male: S Thailand, Island Ko Chang, western side, 1999 (without detailed data), leg. A. Schulz & K. Vock, SMNS. – Paratypes: N Thailand, Chiang Mai Prov., Doi Inthanon, 1800 m, 14.V.2006, leg. R. Grimm, 4 ex. CRGT, 1 ex. SMNS. – NW Thailand, Doi Pui, 1600–1685 m, 7.–9.V.2004, leg. R. Grimm, 4 ex. CRGT. – NW Thailand, Doi Pui, 1600–1685 m, 22.–23.V.2006, leg. R. Grimm, 1 ex. SMNS. – China, Yunnan, 22 km NE Dali, NE bank of Er Hai Lake, 2010 m, 12.VI.2007, leg. M. Schülke, 1 ex. MNB, 1 ex. SMNS. – China, S Yunnan, Mengyang NR, 500 m, 12.IX.1994, leg. S. Kurbatov, 2 ex. HNHM. – China, NE Guangxi, 15 km N Longsheng, 1000 m, 15.–22.VI.1995, leg. S. Kurbatov, 1 ex. HNHM.
Body length 4.5–5.0 mm. Dorsal and ventral surfaces and all appendages brown without metallic shine, head and pronotum slightly darker, elytra bicoloured with darker and lighter parts (see
I hope not to fail in assigning the (so far disjunct) Chinese specimens from Yunnan and Guangxi to the same species. Shape and punctation of the pronotum, elytral colour and shape of aedeagus are not distinctly different from the specimens from Thailand. The type locality lies in a lowland habitat (Island Ko Chang), and the paratypes from Thailand were collected in higher altitudes (Doi Pui and Doi Inthanon). Obviously, this species has a wide ecological range.
The name refers to the rough punctation of the pronotum.
India, Darjeeling (labelled as West Bengal), Peshok, 710 ft., 19.IX.1959, leg. F. Schmid, holotype HNHM.
India (type locality Peshok/Darjeeling), Nepal, Bhutan, N Thailand, Vietnam (
NE Sumatra, Tebing-Tinggi, 1 ex. NHMB (Frey collection). – E Sumatra, Lampung, Bawang, Pedada Bay, Gn. Tanggang, 660 m, 9.VIII.2006, leg. A. Riedel, 1 ex. SMNS. – Borneo, Brunei, Temburong Distr., ridge NE Kuala Belalong, 300 m, X.1992, leg. J. H. Martin, 1 ex. BMNH. – Borneo, Sabah, Crocker Range, Tenom, Kalang waterfall, 17.VI.1998, leg. J. Kodada & F. Čiampor, 5 ex. SMNS. – Borneo, Sabah, Sapulut, Batu Pungull, 24.–26.VI.1998, leg. J. Kodada & F. Čiampor, 1 ex. SMNS. – Borneo, Sabah, Poring, 650 m, 15.V.2005, leg. R. Grimm, 1 ex. CRGT. – Borneo, Sarawak, Gunung Santubong, 10–200 m, 4.–8.IV.2009, leg. R. Grimm, 1 ex. CRGT. – Borneo, Sarawak, Gunung Santubong, 30–200 m, 30.XI.–5.XII.2010, leg. R. Grimm, 4 ex. CRGT. – Borneo, Sarawak, Gunung Gading NP, 100–300 m, 31.III.–4.IV.2009, leg. R. Grimm, 1 ex. CRGT. – Borneo, Sarawak, Gunung Gading NP, 50–200 m, 8.–10.XII.2010, leg. R. Grimm, 2 ex. CRGT. – NW Thailand, Mae Hong Son Prov., 32 km NNE Mae Hong Son, 5.V.2004, leg. R. Grimm, 2 ex. CRGT. – S Thailand, Khao Lak NP, Thone Chong Fa Waterfall, 100–300 m, 6.–15.I.1998, leg. A. Schulz & K. Vock, 3 ex. SMNS, 1 ex. MNB. – W Malaysia, Perak, 25 km NE Ipoh, Banjaran Titi Wangsa Mts., Mt. Korbu, 1200 m, 6.–12.V.2001, leg. P. Čechovský, 1 ex. SMNS.
Sumatra (type locality); Borneo, Thailand, W Malaysia (new records).
Sri Lanka, Colombo, III.1953, leg. G. Frey, holotype and 1 paratype NHMB (Frey collection), 2 paratypes HNHM.
Sri Lanka, Uva, Diyaluma Falls, 400 m, 23.I.1970, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Löbl & R. Mussard, 3 ex. MHNG, 1 ex. SMNS. – Sri Lanka, Uva, Monaragala, 300 m, 13.II.1970, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Löbl & R. Mussard, 1 ex. HNHM. – Sri Lanka, Uva, S Wellawaya, 300 m, 25.I.1970, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Löbl & R. Mussard, 1ex. HNHM. – Sri Lanka, Periyapullumalai, 11.II.1970, leg. C. Besuchet, I. Löbl & R. Mussard, 1 ex. HNHM. – Sri Lanka, Kandy, 18.III.1973, leg. G. Zimmermann, 1 ex. SMNS. – S Burma (labelled as Tenasserim), no additional data, 1 ex. HNHM (det. Kaszab).
The specimen from Tenasserim was already published by
Sri Lanka (type locality), ? S Burma (
Pakistan, Hazara, Malkandi, 1500 m, 3.VI.1983, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Löbl, 2 paratypes SMNS. – Pakistan, Swat, Madyan, 1400 m, 16.V.1983, leg. C. Besuchet & I. Löbl, 1 paratype SMNS.
Northern Pakistan in Hazara and Swat.
Holotype male: N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Pui, 1600 m, 15.–16.IV.2004, leg. W. Schawaller, SMNS. – Paratypes: same data as holotype, 3 ex. SMNS. – N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Pui, 1600-1685 m, 23.IV.–12.V.2003, leg. R. Grimm, 4 ex. CRGT. – N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Pui, 1600-1685 m, 7.–9.V.2004, leg. R. Grimm, 6 ex. CRGT. – N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Pui, 1600-1685 m, 12.–13.V.2006, leg. R. Grimm, 7 ex. CRGT, 4 ex. SMNS. – N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Pui, 1600-1685 m, 22.–23.V.2006, leg. R. Grimm, 6 ex. CRGT, 3 ex. HNHM.
Body length 4.3–5.3 mm. Dorsal and ventral surfaces and all appendages brown without metallic shine, elytra bicoloured with darker and lighter parts in different variation (
Named after the type locality in Thailand.
Philippines, Leyte, Lake Danao, 500 m, 19.II.–18.III.1991, leg. K. Geigenmüller, W. Schawaller & J. Trautner, male holotype SMNS.
Dorsal view of
Aedeagus of
The trustful loan of specimens by all colleagues and friends (see names under depositories) is greatly appreciated. The photographs were taken by Johannes Reibnitz (Stuttgart) with a Leica DFC320 digital camera on a Leica MZ16 APO microscope and subsequently processed by him with Auto-Montage (Syncroscopy) software. At last but not least I thank the referees Dr. Kiyoshi Ando (Osaka) and Dr. Ottó Merkl (Budapest) for proofreading and valuable improvements.