On three species of the spider genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) from China

Abstract Two new species of the spider genus Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 are described from Hunan and Yunnan Provinces, China: P.binchuanensissp. nov. (♂♀) and P.xinjianensissp. nov. (♂♀). In addition, the male of P.lata Xu & Li, 2009 is described for the first time. The DNA barcodes of the two new species are documented.


Introduction
Pimoidae Wunderlich, 1986 is a relatively small family, with 44 described species belonging to four genera (Li and Quan 2017;WSC 2019). Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 is the largest genus of the family, with 33 valid species. As a relict group, it has disjunct range and occurs in the western Nearctic (from Washington to California, USA), the western Mediterranean and Asia (from Himalaya to Beijing) (Li and Lin 2016;WSC 2019). Fifteen Pimoa species are known from Asia so far, nine from China, four from India and two from Nepal. Most of these species are well described in revisions (Hormiga 1994a;Xu and Li 2007). While studying material from Southwest China, we found two new species and the unknown male of P. lata Xu & Li, 2009. The goal of this paper is to provide descriptions of the new species and the unknown male.

Material and methods
Specimens were examined with a LEICA M205C stereomicroscope. Images were captured with an Olympus C7070 wide zoom digital camera (7.1 megapixels) mounted on an Olympus SZX12 dissecting microscope. Epigynes and male palps were examined after dissection from the spiders' bodies. The left palps were illustrated unless otherwise noted. Epigynes were removed and treated in a warmed 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution.
All measurements were obtained using a LEICA M205C stereomicroscope and are given in millimeters. Eye sizes are measured as the maximum diameter from either dorsal or frontal views. Leg measurements are shown as: Total length (femur, patella + tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). The terminology used in the text and the figure legends follows Hormiga (1994a). Distribution maps were generated using ArcView GIS (ESRI) software.
DNA barcodes were obtained for the two new species by amplifying and sequencing a partial fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) using primers LCO1490-oono (5'-CWACAAAYCATARRGATATTGG-3') (Folmer et al. 1994;Miller et al. 2010) and HCO2198-zz (5'-TAAACTTCCAGGTGAC-CAAAAAATCA-3') (Folmer et al. 1994;Zhao and Li 2017). For additional information on extraction, amplification and sequencing procedures, see Wang et al. (2008). All sequences were checked using BLAST and are deposited in GenBank. The accession numbers are provided in Table 1.
Distribution. Type locality only, Yunnan, China (Fig. 7).   Diagnosis. The male of P. lata can be easily distinguished from other congeners, except for P. reniformis Li, 2007 andP. trifurcata Xu &Li, 2007 by having a short paracymbium and a large and blunt cymbial process (CP), with many cuspules. From P. reniformis, it can be distinguished by the short cymbial sclerite (CS), about 1/3 of the cymbial length, with a blunt tip (vs a long cymbial sclerite (CS) in P. reniformis, about 1/2 of cymbial length, with a sharp tip). From P. trifurcata, it can be distinguished by the bifurcated embolic process (EP) (vs the embolic process (EP) in P. trifurcata with a trifurcate tip) (cf. Fig. 3A-C; Xu and Li 2007: figs 38-41, 49-54). The female of P. lata can be distinguished from all other congeners by the lip-shaped dorsal plate (DP) (vs dorsal plate narrow or indistinct) (Fig. 4A, B).
Distribution. Shuiluodong Cave, Sichuan, China (Fig. 7). Remark. The male of this species is described for the first time.  Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective. Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. xinjianensis sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the strongly reduced (vestigial) eyes. The palp of P. xinjianensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from that of other congeners by the long embolic process (EP), about 2 times longer than the embolus (vs a short embolic process, almost as long as the embolus) (cf. Figs 5, 6). The epigyne of P. xinjianensis sp. nov. differs from other congeners by having distinct (unhidden) copulatory openings (vs hidden or indistinct) (Fig. 6).