Map of Singapore where specimens of Phymanthus pinnulatus were collected for this study: 1, Berlayer Creek (1°15'56"N; 103°48'25"E); 2, Big Sisters’ Island (Pulau Subar Laut) (1°12'50"N; 103°50'05"E); 3, Changi East Beaches (1°18'45"N; 104°00'31"E); 4, Chek Jawa (1°24'25"N; 103°59'23"E); 5, Cyrene Reef (Terumbu Pandan) (1°15'28"N; 103°45'19"E); 6, East Coast Park Beaches (1°17'36"N; 103°53'46"E); 7, Kusu Island (Pulau Tembakul) (1°13'25"N; 103°51'39"E); 8, Pulau Hantu (1°13'35"N; 103°45'03"E); 9, Pulau Jong (1°12'54"N; 103°47'12"E); 10, Pulau Sekudu (1°24'19"N; 103°59'17"E); 11, Pulau Semakau (1°11'58"N; 103°45'31"E); 12, Pulau Tekukor (1°13'51"N; 103°50'18"E); 13, Sentosa (Tanjong Rimau) (1°14'47"N; 103°49'56"E); 14, St John’s Island (1°13'17"N; 103°50'55"E); 15, Tanah Merah (1°18'45"N; 103°59'34"E); 16, Terumbu Bemban (1°12'36"N; 103°44'27"E); 17, Terumbu Pempang Tengah (1°13'33"N; 103°43'50"E); 18, Terumbu Raya (1°12'46"N; 103°45'09"E); 19, Terumbu Semakau (1°12'46"N; 103°46'07"E).