The genus Macroteleia Westwood (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae) from China

Abstract The genus Macroteleia Westwood (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae) from China is revised. Seventeen species are recognized based on 502 specimens, all of which are new records for China. Seven new species are described: Macroteleia carinigena sp. n. (China), Macroteleia flava sp. n. (China), Macroteleia gracilis sp. n. (China), Macroteleia salebrosa sp. n. (China), Macroteleia semicircula sp. n. (China), Macroteleia spinitibia sp. n. (China) and Macroteleia striatipleuron sp. n. (China). Ten species are redescribed: Macroteleia boriviliensis Saraswat (China, India, Thailand), Macroteleia crawfordi Kiefer, stat. n. (China, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam), Macroteleia dolichopa Sharma (China, India, Vietnam), Macroteleia emarginata Dodd (China, Malaysia), Macroteleia indica Saraswat & Sharma (China, India, Vietnam), Macroteleia lamba Saraswat & Sharma (China, India, Thailand, Vietnam), Macroteleia livingstoni Saraswat (China, India), Macroteleia peliades Kozlov & Lê (China, Vietnam), Macroteleia rufa Szelényi (China, Egypt, Georgia, Russia, Thailand, Ukraine) and Macroteleia striativentris Crawford (China, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam). The following five new synonyms are proposed: Macroteleia crates Kozlov & Lê syn. n. and Macroteleia demades Kozlov & Lê syn. n. of Macroteleia crawfordi Kieffer; Macroteleia cebes Kozlov & Lê syn. n. and Macroteleia dones Kozlov & Lê syn. n. of Macroteleia indica Saraswat & Sharma; Macroteleia dores Kozlov & Lê syn. n. of Macroteleia lamba Saraswat & Sharma. A key to the Chinese species of the genus is provided.

Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 3.75-3.95× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 10.83-11.60× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as posterior fifth of T4 to base of T5; R 1.59-1.94× as long as r-rs, R1 1.91-2.2× length of R.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 4.00-4.55× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 7.67-9.00× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as basal fifth to mid-length of T5; R 1.46-1.60× as long as r-rs, R1 1.95-2.43× length of R.
Female. Unknown. Diagnosis. This species is similar to M. boriviliensis, but can be distinguished by the presence of a strong carina on the gena (no carina in M. boriviliensis) and the propodeal lobe without longitudinal carinae (with several irregular longitudinal carinae medially in M. boriviliensis).
Etymology. The name carinigena refers to the strong carina present on gena of this species. The epithet is used as a noun in apposition. Color. Body black; mandible brown; palpi yellow; legs pale brown throughout; A1 brown, A2-A5 dark brown, remainder of antenna black; fore wing hyaline.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 4.06-4.71× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 11.00-11.75× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as posterior margin of T4 to base of T5; R 1.79-2.55× as long as r-rs, R1 1.18-1.77× length of R.
Diagnosis. The body shape, color and size of M. crawfordi is similar to M. lamba and M. livingstoni. It differs from them by tongue-like metascutellum in female (triangular in M. lamba, and transverse in M. linvingstoni), and apex of T7 sharply pointed to form a spine in male (apex not pointed to form a spine in the latter two speices). Description. Female. Body length 5.13-7.50 mm (n=8). Color. Head black; mesosoma orange yellow; metasoma with T1, T5 and T6 variably dark brown to black, otherwise orange yellow; mandible dark brown; palpi yellow; legs yellow throughout; A1-A6 yellowish brown, A7-A12 dark brown to black; fore wing hyaline.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending as far as mid-length of T4 to mid-length of T5; R 1.47-2.41× as long as r-rs, R1 1.57-2.40× length of R.
Diagnosis. The male of this species is similar to that of M. striativentris in body size, but can be separated by the combination of the black head; T7 sharply pointed medially; metapleuron longitudinally striate dorsally, punctate rugulose ventrally.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 3.68-4.76× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 9.44-12.33× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as posterior fourth of T4 to anterior third of T5; R 1.41-1.94× as long as r-rs, R1 1.73-2.26× length of R.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 3.60-4.39× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 11.66-12.83× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as posterior third to posterior margin of T4; R 1.76-2.25× as long as r-rs, R1 1.39-2.00× length of R.
Diagnosis. The body shape, color and size of M. flava is similar to M. rufa and M. chandelii. It differs from them in that metascutellum is distinctly transverse (triangular in M. rufa, tongue-like in M. chandelii), and the propodeum is continuous medially, not divided into two separated lobes (divided into two subtriangular lobes in the latter two species).
Etymology. The name flava refers to orange yellow body color of this species and is used as an adjective.
Distribution Color. Body black; mandible reddish brown; palpi yellow; hind coxa blackish, tarsi yellow, remainder of legs pale brown; A1 brown, remainder of antenna dark brown; fore wing hyaline.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 4.23-4.80× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 12.60-14.00× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as posterior fourth of T3 to base of T4; R 2.06-2.46× as long as r-rs, R1 1.63-1.90× length of R.

Female. Unknown.
Diagnosis. The male of this species is similar to that of M. emarginata in size and color, but can be distinguished in having the metapleuron longitudinally striate throughout (M. emarginata longitudinally striate dorsally, punctate rugulose ventrally); and the length of T7 2.50-3.22× length of S7 (distinctly shorter, 1.42-1.87× in M. emarginata).
Etymology. The name gracilis refers to the slender body of this species and is used as an adjective. Description. Female. Body length 3.13-4.76 mm (n=20).
Color. Head yellow or orange throughout, or dark orange, becoming darker dorsally; mesosoma yellow or orange, becoming darker dorsally; base of T1, T5 and T6 brown to black, remainder of metasoma yellow or orange; mandible yellow with teeth black; palpi yellow; legs yellow throughout; A1 yellow, A2-A6 yellow or brown, remainder of antenna black; fore wing hyaline.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 3.75-4.33× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 10.00-13.43× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending as far as posterior margin of T4 to posterior margin of T5; R 1.70-2.25× as long as r-rs, R1 1.57-2.05× length of R.
Diagnosis. This species is similar to M. flava in body shape and color, but can be distinguished by its smaller size and its T5 distinctly wider than long (T5 distinctly longer than wide in M. flava).
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 4.00-5.00× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 11.00-11.80× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as anterior third to posterior margin of T4; R 1.62-2.44× as long as r-rs, R1 1.91-2.24× length of R.
Male. Differing from female as follows: body length 3.57-5.26 mm (n=6); A1 brown, remainder of antenna dark brown to black; hind coxa blackish; metascutellum distinctly transverse (Plate 41A), posterior margin slightly pointed medially, longitudinally carinate; propodeum continuous medially, not divided into two separated lobes, posterior margin narrowly notched medially, each side with several irregular longitudinal carinae medially, otherwise punctate rugulose, covered by dense, recumbent, white setae; T1 sparsely longitudinally striate medially, with rugulose sculpture in interstices anteriorly, punctate rugulose laterally; T2-T3 densely longitudinally striate medially, with numerous delicate punctures in interstices, punctate rugulose laterally; T4-T5 densely longitudinally striate throughout, with numerous delicate punctures in interstices; T6-T7 longitudinally punctate rugulose; T6 distinctly longer than wide; length of T6  Comments. Macroteleia superans Kieffer was described from a male collected at Mt. Makiling in the Philippine Islands by C.F. Baker. Later, in Kieffer's Das Tierreich (Kieffer 1926) treatment of the species he added the locality of Mt. Banahao for the species. We searched for the type material at the U.S. National Museum of Natural History (Washington, DC) where much of Baker's material is now held. Only a single specimen of M. superans was found, the specimen from Mt. Banahao. The location of the holotype is unknown. This non-type specimen is conspecific with M. lamba. Without the holotype, though, we prefer not to propose that the name is synonymous. Description. Female. Body length 3.28-4.08 mm (n=20).
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 3.86-4.69× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 10.50-13.00× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending from as far as posterior fifth to posterior margin of T4; R 1.82-2.18× as long as r-rs, R1 1.65-2.18× length of R.
Diagnosis. M. livingstoni is similar to M. emarginata in body shape and color, but can be distinguished by its smller size and reticulate gena. The male of M. livingstoni is also similar to that of M. lamba, but can be distinguished by the fact that the frons below the median ocellus is sparsely punctate with the interspaces smooth (densely punctate, interspaces coriaceous in M. lamba); ocellar triangle smooth, with scattered punctures (coriaceous, with scattered punctures in M. lamba). Color. Body black; mandible reddish brown; palpi yellow; legs yellow throughout; A1-A5 yellow, A6 dark brown, remainder of antenna black; fore wing hyaline.
Legs. Slender; hind femur somewhat swollen, 3.57-3.85× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 8.18-9.09× as long as its maximum width.
Diagnosis. This species can be easily separated from the other Chinese Macroteleia by its large size.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 4.10-4.37× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 10.14-11.33× as long as its maximum width.
Male. No specimens were available for this study. Color. Body black; mandible reddish brown to black; palpi yellow; hind coxa dark brown to nearly black, remainder of legs yellow to light brown; A1-A6 yellow, remainder of antenna dark brown to black; fore wing hyaline.
Legs. Robust; hind femur strongly swollen, 2.31-2.46× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 3.63-4.23× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending as far as mid-length of T5; R 1.38-1.60× as long as r-rs, R1 1.81-2.00× length of R.
Diagnosis. Macroteleia semicircula shares the well-developed central keel and robust legs with M. salebrosa and M. striatipleuron, but can be distinguished by the semicircular metascutellum (rectangular in the latter two species).
Etymology. The name semicircula refers to the semicircular metascutellum of this species and is used as a noun in apposition.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending as far as basal third of T5; R 1.50-1.53× as long as r-rs, R1 1.04-1.53× length of R.
Female. Unknown. Diagnosis. The combination of infuscate fore wing, short R1 and spinulate hind tibia renders this species rather straightforward to identify.
Etymology. The name spinitibia refers to hind tibia with numerous semi-erect spines over outer surface in this species. The epithet is used as a noun in apposition. Color. Body black; mandible dark brown; palpi yellow; legs yellow with hind tarsi brown; A1 yellow, A2-A4 brown, A5 dark brown, remainder of antenna black; fore wing subhyaline with medial longitudinal infuscate streak in basal half.
Legs. Robust; hind femur strongly swollen, 2.70× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 3.75× as long as its maximum width. Wings. Apex of fore wing extending as far as mid-length of T6; R 1.36 × as long as r-rs, R1 1.89× length of R.
Legs. Slender; hind femur weakly swollen, 4.12-4.87× as long as its maximum width; hind tibia without spines over outer surface; hind basitarsus 10.60-12.50× as long as its maximum width.
Wings. Apex of fore wing extending as far as mid-length of T4; R 1.33-2.08× as long as r-rs, R1 1.90-2.38× length of R.
Male. Differing from female as follows: body length 5.22-5.57 mm (n=9); head brown to dark brown; mesosoma black; metasoma variably brown to black; A1 brown, remainder of antenna dark brown to black; T1 densely longitudinally striate medially, with rugulose sculpture in interstices anteriorly, punctate rugulose laterally; T2-T3 densely longitudinally striate medially, with delicate punctures in interstices, punctate rugulose laterally; T4-T7 longitudinally punctate rugulose; T6 distinctly longer than wide; length of T6 1.20-1.41× length of T7; T7 subtriangular, apex pointed (Plate 69B); length of T7 2.21-2.50× length of S7; S2-S5 longitudinally striate, with delicate punctures in interstices; S6-S7 longitudinally punctate rugulose. ever, the second author found that the holotype of M. fugacious is housed in the collection of the Zoological Institude in St. Petersburg. When examining the types of Lê's species of Scelioninae in IEBR, the first author only found one female and one male specimens labeled as paratypes of M. fugacious. The two paratypes, unfortunately, are different species: the male paratype belongs to M. dolichopa, and the female paratype belongs to M. striativentris. We were unable to examine the holotype of M. fugacious in this study, and therefore the identity of M. fugacious is uncertain.